Selective Ef cacy of Culture Media Recommended for Isolation and Enumeration of Fusarium spp.

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Selective Ef cacy of Culture Media Recommended for Isolation and Enumeration of Fusarium spp."

Transcription

1 207 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 67, No. 1, 2004, Pages Copyright q, International Association for Food Protection Research Note Selective Ef cacy of Culture Media Recommended for Isolation and Enumeration of Fusarium spp. M. R. BRAGULAT, E. MARTÍNEZ, G. CASTELLÁ, AND F. J. CABAÑES* Departament de Sanitat i d Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain MS : Received 30 May 2003/Accepted 1 August 2003 ABSTRACT Selective culture media, such as Nash and Snyder medium (NS), dichloran-chloramphenicol peptone agar (DCPA), modi ed Czapek-Dox agar (MCz), Czapek Dox iprodione dichloran agar (CZID), potato dextrose iprodione dichloran agar (PDID), or malachite green agar (MGA 2.5), have been developed for isolating and enumerating Fusarium spp. from natural samples. However, some of these culture media are not very selective because they allow the growth of many other fungal species. In this study, a comparison of the selective ef cacy of these culture media, using different strains of Fusarium spp. (F. anthophilum, F. culmorum, F. dlamini, F. graminearum, F. napiforme, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. semitectum, F. solani, F. subglutinans, and F. verticillioides) and natural samples has been carried out. Among the six recommended selective culture media assayed, no statistical differences were detected in colony counts of the Fusarium spp. strains tested, although the colony diameters in MGA 2.5 were signi cantly lower than in NS, MCz, DCPA, CZID, and PDID media. With natural samples, MGA 2.5 performs as a potent selective medium for Fusarium spp., whereas the other recommended selective media allow the growth of many other different fungal species including Zygomycetes and yeasts. Ideally, a selective culture medium for the isolation and enumeration of a speci c group of fungi from natural samples should support the recovery of all viable propagules of this group of fungi and inhibit the development of other undesired fungal species and bacteria. It would be an advantage if these culture media facilitate the identi cation of desired species. On the other hand, the stability, solubility, and relative toxicity of the fungal inhibitor added to the culture medium are important factors to take into account for its usefulness and safety. Some selective culture media have been developed for isolating and enumerating Fusarium spp. from natural samples. Nash and Snyder medium (NS) (13) with pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) as fungal inhibitor is one of the most widely employed. Several modi cations of this media (8 10, 15) are also recommended for these purposes. However, PCNB has been reported to be carcinogenic (17), and other antifungal compounds have been assayed such as dichloran in dichloran-chloramphenicol peptone agar (DCPA) (2) or in modi ed Czapek-Dox agar (MCz) (6), iprodione in Czapek Dox iprodione dichloran agar (CZID) (1) or in potato dextrose iprodione dichloran agar (PDID) (19), and malachite green agar (MGA 2.5) (7). The aim of this work was to assess differences among the recommended culture media for isolation and enumeration of different Fusarium spp. The selective ef - cacy of these recommended selective media was also assayed with the use of natural samples. * Author for correspondence. Tel: ; Fax: ; javier.cabanes@uab.es. MATERIAL AND METHODS Strains. In total, 29 strains belonging to 12 Fusarium spp. were included in this study: F. anthophilum (Institute of Plant Genetics, Poland [KF] 391, KF 461), F. culmorum (Spanish Type Culture Collection [CECT] 2158, Culture Collection of Veterinary Faculty of Barcelona, Spain [CCFVB] 85, CCFVB 110), F. dlamini (CCFVB 88, International Mycological Institute, Egham, London [IMI] ), F. graminearum (CECT 2150, CCFVB 98, CCFVB 101), F. napiforme (IMI ), F. nygamai (IMI ), F. oxysporum (CECT 2871, CCFVB 82), F. proliferatum (CCFVB 210, CCFVB 221, CCFVB 224), F. semitectum (CCFVB 49, CCFVB 80, CCFVB 129), F. solani (CECT 2129, CCFVB 230, CCFVB 232), F. subglutinans (CCFVB 203, CCFVB 222, CCFVB 227), and F. verticillioides (South African Research Council Collection [MCR] 826, CCFVB 235, CCFVB 236). Culture media. Recommended selective culture media for Fusarium spp. used were NS (13) (15 g peptone [Biolife, Milano, Italy], 1 g KH 2 PO 4 [Panreac, Barcelona, Spain], 0.5 g MgSO 4 7H 2 O [Panreac], 20 g agar [Biolife], g PCNB [Sigma, St. Louis, Mo.], 1 liter distilled water), MCz (6) (20 g glucose [Panreac], 1 g yeast extract [Difco, Detroit, Mich.], 0.5 g KH 2 PO 4, 2 g NaNO 3 [Panreac], 0.5 g MgSO 4 7H 2 O, 0.01 g FeSO 4 [Panreac], 20 g agar, g dichloran [2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline; TCI, Tokyo, Japan], 1 liter distilled water), DCPA (2) (15 g peptone, 0.5 g KH 2 PO 4, 0.5 g MgSO 4 7H 2 O, 20 g agar, 2 mg dichloran, 1 liter distilled water), CZID (1) (35 g Czapek-Dox broth [Difco], g CuSO 4 5H 2 O [Panreac], 0.01 g ZnSO 4 7H 2 O [Panreac], 20 g agar, g dichloran, g iprodione [Rovral, 50% iprodione, Rhone-Poulenc Agro, Madrid, Spain], 1 liter distilled water), PDID (19) (24 g potato dextrose broth [Difco], g CuSO 4 5H 2 O, 0.01 g ZnSO 4 7H 2 O, 20 g agar, g dichloran,

2 208 BRAGULAT ET AL. TABLE 1. Mean values of colony diameters (CD, mm), a colony counts (CFU), b and conidia counts (CC) b of strains of each Fusarium spp. tested on six recommended selective media after 7 days of incubation Mean values for each culture medium c Species (no. of strains) NS MCz DCPA CZID PDID MGA 2.5 F. anthophilum (2) F. culmorum (3) F. dlamini (2) F. graminearum (3) F. napiforme (1) F. nygamai (1) F. oxysporum (2) F. proliferatum (3) F. semitectum (3) F. solani (3) F. subglutinans (3) F. verticillioides (3) 40.0/46.8/ /45.6/ /45.3/ /79.7/ /35.5/ /56.3/ /60.8/ /54.5/ /55.7/ /24.8/ /56.2/ /36.0/ /37.7/ /28.3/ /46.7/ /53.8/ /40.0/ /42.7/ /59.6/ /59.0/ /42.5/ /26.1/ /55.9/ /34.1/ /43.2/ /25.6/ /50.0/ /82.8/ /2.0/ /54.7/ /55.5/ /55.8/ /49.0/ /24.3/ /59.6/ /29.8/ /41.5/ /29.6/ /39.0/ /66.6/ /30.3/ /52.0/ /65.5/ /56.0/ /38.7/ /24.5/ /48.9/ /31.9/ /42.2/ /37.3/ /47.0/ /78.1/ /38.0/ /52.0/ /65.2/ /61.9/ /46.9/ /24.5/ /56.4/ /35.9/ /28.2/ /8.9/ /42.7/ /45.4/ /43.7/ /55.3/ /70.5/ /56.2/ /29.7/ /12.6/ /59.6/ /36.2/1.4 Mean 37.4 A/51.1/ B/44.0/ BC/44.8/ C/44.6/ C/49.7/ D/38.3/2.0 a Signi cant differences (P, 0.01). Mean values that are not followed by the same letter differ signi cantly. b No signi cant differences (CFU, P ; CC, P ). c NS, Nash and Snyder medium (13); MCz, modi ed Czapek-Dox medium (6); DCPA, dichloran chloramphenical peptone agar medium (2); CZID, Czapek Dox iprodione dichloran agar (1); PDID, potato dextrose iprodione dichloran agar (19); MGA 2.5, malachite green agar 2.5 (7) g iprodione, 1 liter distilled water), and MGA 2.5 (7) (15 g peptone, 1 g KH 2 PO 4, 0.5 g MgSO 4 7H 2 O, 20 g agar, g malachite green oxalate [Panreac], 1 liter distilled water). Comparison of recommended selective media for Fusarium spp. with pure cultures. Six recommended selective media were used: NS (13) without streptomycin, DCPA (2) without chloramphenicol, MCz (6), CZID (1), PDID (19), and MGA 2.5 (7). Potato dextrose agar was used as control medium. These culture media were inoculated with pure cultures of the strains of Fusarium spp. tested. Conidial suspensions were prepared from cultures grown on potato dextrose agar (Difco) for 7 days at 288C. After incubation, spores were harvested by adding 3 ml of sterile % Tween 80 (ICN, Aurora, Ill.) solution to the culture vessels and gently dislodging the conidia with a amed wire loop. The spore suspensions were then aseptically ltered through sterile gauze to remove mycelial debris, and the volumes were adjusted so that suspensions contained approximately 10 5 spores per ml as determined by a counting chamber. At least three plates per medium were used for each strain using a 10-ml calibrated Nicrom loop. Three inoculation points were applied to each plate. For each colony, two diameters were averaged to give the mean diameter for that colony measured at right angles to one another. Diameters were measured after 7 days at 288C. Also, three plates per medium were inoculated by the surface-spread method. Plates were incubated at 288C, and colony diameters and colony counts were made after 3, 5, and 7 days of incubation. In addition, morphological characteristics and measurement of sporulation were determined. Colonies were examined after 7 days of incubation for overall appearance and color, as well as the production of macroconidia, microconidia, and chlamydospores. Conidia counts were made by placing a 1-cm 2 plug from the center of each colony into 3 ml of distilled sterile water, stirring to dislodge the conidia, and 10 ml were applied on a glass slide. Ten elds were observed with a microscope and the average of a number of conidia per eld was determined. No distinction was made between macro- and microconidia. Comparison of recommended selective media for Fusarium spp. using natural samples. Fifty-six naturally contaminated samples examined were cereals (n 5 30), including cereal maize, wheat, and oats, and different animal feedstuffs (n 5 26). The samples were obtained from agricultural cooperatives and factories. The quantitative enumeration of fungal propagules was done on solid media by the surface-spread method. Serial dilutions in saline water (0.9%) were made and 0.1-ml aliquots were inoculated on three plates of malt extract agar (MEA), NS, MCz, DCPA, CZID, PDID, and MGA 2.5 with 100 ppm chloramphenicol (Boehringer-Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany) and 50 ppm streptomycin (Boehringer-Mannheim) and incubated at 288C for 5 to 7 days. MEA (malt extract [Biolife] 20 g, peptone 1 g, glucose 20 g, agar 20 g, distilled water 1 liter) was used as the control medium. Total counts of samples (CFU/g) were determined after 3, 5, and 7 days of incubation. On the last day of incubation, counts for Fusarium spp. (CFU/g) were recorded. Colonies were transferred to slants to ensure precise counting and then to plates for identi cation. The isolates belonging to the genus Fusarium were identi ed to species level (14). Statistical analysis. Data were statistically analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance test, and the signi cant differences observed were studied by a Newman-Keuls test. All statistical analyses were performed by SPSS software 8.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill.). RESULTS Mean of values of colony diameters, colony counts, and conidia counts of strains of each Fusarium spp. tested on the six recommended selective media (MGA 2.5, NS, DCPA, MCz, CZID, and PDID) after 7 days of incubation are summarized in Table 1. Colony diameters in MGA 2.5 were signi cantly lower than in NS, MCz, DCPA, CZID, and PDID. No statistical differences were found either in

3 SELECTIVE MEDIA FOR FUSARIUM SPP. 209 TABLE 2. Mean values of colony counts a of Fusarium spp. and other fungal species of the natural samples (n 5 56) Mean values for each culture medium b MEA NS MCz DCPA CZID PDID MGA 2.5 Fusarium spp. c 29.1 (17.9) d Other species e A (82.1) 27.7 (18.2) A (81.8) 30.7 (16.5) A (83.4) 29.2 (18.5) A (81.5) 27.4 (16.7) A (83.3) 26.5 (16.9) A (83.1) 19.7 (98.0) 0.4 B (2.0) a CFU/g b NS, Nash and Snyder medium (13); MCz, modi ed Czapek-Dox medium (6); DCPA, dichloran chloramphenicalpeptone agar medium (2); CZID, Czapek Dox iprodione dichloran agar (1); PDID, potato dextrose iprodione dichloran agar (19); MGA 2.5, malachite green agar 2.5 (7). c No statistical differences were detected (P ). d % total count. e Species other than Fusarium spp. Mean values that are not followed by the same letter differ signi cantly (P, 0.01). the colony counts or the conidia counts in the six culture media assayed. Mean values of both Fusarium spp. and other fungal species counts from the natural samples analyzed are shown in Table 2. There were no signi cant differences in Fusarium spp. counts among the different media used, although the mean value of Fusarium spp. colony counts on MGA 2.5 was lower than on the rest of culture media assayed. However, signi cant differences were detected in the other species counts (other than Fusarium spp.). In a few cases, very few colonies belonging to Aspergillus, Acremonium, Penicillium, and Scopulariopsis grew restrictedly in some dishes containing MGA 2.5 (mean CFU/g, range 0 to CFU/g). Nevertheless, in the rest of the selective culture media assayed, many colonies of species belonging to different fungal genera (Acremonium, Alternaria, Aphanocladium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Scopulariopsis, Zygomycetes, and yeasts) developed in much higher counts than in MGA 2.5, the mean values being greater than CFU/g and similar to those obtained in the nonselective culture medium used as the control culture medium (MEA) (Figs. 1 and 2). DISCUSSION Various attempts have been made to improve selective Fusarium spp. isolation media (20). Effects of different compounds on growth, isolation, or enumeration of Fusarium spp. have been studied. The most widely used is the NS, which includes the common soil fungicide PCNB, as a selective agent that partially inhibits many fungal contaminants but allows the normal development of a few selected fungi, including Fusarium spp. Many modi cations of this medium have appeared, all containing various concentrations of PCNB and streptomycin and other supplementary antifungal agents such as benomyl (9) or oxgall in Komada s medium (10) and in Papaviza s medium (15). Mc- Mullen and Stack (11) did not obtain differences in the recovery of Fusarium spp. between Komada (10) and NS media. However, all these media contain PCNB, reported as a carcinogen (17). Some other selective agents used in Fusarium isolation media are dichloran (2 ppm) in MCz and DCPA, or a mixture of dichloran and iprodione (2 and 3 ppm, respectively) in CZID (1) and in PDID (19). However all of them allow growth in higher counts of other fungal species (3, 12, 18). This fact prompted us to investigate the effect of some dyes that are currently used in microbiology in staining procedures in selective media for bacteria or as ph indicators on various fungi in order to nd a range of dye concentrations that restrict growth of rapidly spreading fungi, while allowing satisfactory growth of other test fungi, FIGURE 1. Plates from a natural sample containing no Fusarium spp. propagules. In MEA, NS, CZID, and PDID, different fungal species (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillium) were developed, whereas in MGA 2.5, no fungal growth was observed because there were no Fusarium spp. in the sample.

4 210 BRAGULAT ET AL. FIGURE 2. Plates from a natural sample containing Fusarium spp. propagules. In MEA, NS, CZID, and PDID, different fungal species (e.g., Acremonium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Penicillium) developed, whereas in MGA 2.5, only Fusarium spp. developed. * Colonies of Fusarium spp. or in order to select growth of a given fungal species (4, 5). The results obtained in these investigations on the effect of some dyes on the colony enumeration of various fungi in pure and mixed cultures (5) showed that malachite green at 1 ppm performed mainly as a strong inhibitor of spreading molds, allowing only adequate colony development and recoveries of both Fusarium and Aspergillus strains tested. Malachite green was used in Singh-Nene medium (16), but the concentration used by these authors was too high (15 to 20 ppm) to allow germination of Fusarium spores. We optimized the concentration of the dye malachite green to 2.5 ppm in the culture medium in such a way that this medium allowed only the growth of Fusarium spp. and could be used both as a selective isolation and colony enumeration medium for species belonging to this genus (7). With pure cultures, no statistical differences were detected in the colony counts of the different culture media used, although the strongest colony diameter reductions were detected in MGA 2.5. A higher colony diameter reduction in CZID and PDID than in DCPA has been described (18). In our study, the differences in diameter values found in these media were not statistically signi cant. Moreover, MGA 2.5 supports good growth of all the common fusaria, which produce well-formed colonies with good sporulation. An important consideration is that conidia are generally characteristic of those formed on standard identi cation media, so many isolates of Fusarium can be identi ed directly from MGA 2.5 plates. Macroscopic morphological characteristics of Fusarium spp. colonies were maintained in MGA 2.5. Although colony color was more enhanced in media with potato (PDID) and Czapek as the basal media (MCz and CZID) than in media with peptone as the basal medium (DCPA, NS, and MGA 2.5), subcultures were not necessary to identify these species in all media tested. Some of these observations are in concordance with other authors (6, 18, 19). We also assayed these selective media on natural samples, and no signi cant differences in Fusarium colony counts were found. The MGA 2.5 medium was completely selective for Fusarium spp. (Figs. 1 and 2), whereas the remaining media allowed the growth of many other fungal species, as other authors have reported (3, 12, 18). MGA 2.5 is a very useful medium for the isolation and enumeration of Fusarium spp., maintaining the morphological characteristics of this fungal genus and allowing identi cation to genus level without subculturing. This medium with added antimicrobial agents is also very useful for isolating Fusarium species from naturally contaminated samples. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was supported by grants ALI C04-02 from the Comisio n Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnolog a and SGR00079 from the DURSI, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain. Fusarium strains from CECT, KF, and MCR were kindly provided by J. Uruburu, J. Chelkowski, and J. P. Rheeder, respectively. REFERENCES Abildgren, M. P., F. Lund, U. Thrane, and S. Elmholt CzapekDox agar containing iprodione and dicloran as a selective medium for the isolation of Fusarium species. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 5: Andrews, S., and J. I. Pitt Selective medium for the isolation of Fusarium species and dematiaceous Hypomycetes from cereals. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51: Arino, A. A., and L. B. Bullerman Fungal colonization of corn grown in Nebraska in relation to year, genotype and growing conditions. J. Food Prot. 57: Bragulat, M. R., M. L. Abarca, M. T. Bruguera, and F. J. Caban es Dyes as fungal inhibitors: effect on colony diameter. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57: Bragulat, M. R., M. L. Abarca, G. Castella, and F. J. Caban es Dyes as fungal inhibitors: effect on colony enumeration. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 79: Bullerman, L. B., and D. I. West Comparison of several media and methods for detection and enumeration of toxigenic Fusarium species, p In R. A. Samson, A. D. Hocking, J. I. Pitt, and A. D. King (ed.), Modern methods in food mycology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. Castella, G., M. R. Bragulat, M. V. Rubiales, and F. J. Caban es Malachite green agar, a new selective medium for Fusarium spp. Mycopathologia 137: Elad, Y., and I. Chet Improved selective media for isolation of Trichoderma spp. or Fusarium spp. Phytoparasitica 11: Hall, R Benomyl increases the selectivity of the Nash-Snyder

5 medium for Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 3: Komada, H Development of a selective medium for quantitative isolation of Fusarium oxysporum from natural soil. Rev. Plant Prot. Res. 8: McMullen, M. P., and R. W. Stack Effects of isolation techniques and media on the differential isolation of Fusarium species. Phytopathology 73: Munimbazi, C., and L. B. Bullerman Molds and mycotoxins in foods from Burundi. J. Food Prot. 59: Nash, S. M., and W. C. Snyder Quantitative estimations by plate counts of propagules of the bean root rot Fusarium in eld soils. Phytopathology 52: Nelson, P. E., T. A. Tousson, and W. F. O. Marasas Fusarium species: an illustrated manual for identi cation. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park. Papavizas, G. C Evaluation of various media and antimicro- SELECTIVE MEDIA FOR FUSARIUM SPP bial agents for isolation of Fusarium from soil. Phytopathology 57: Singh, R. S., and Y. L. Nene Malachite green in synthetic medium for the isolation of Fusarium spp. from plant tissues. Naturwissenschaften 52:94. Sweet, D. V Registry of toxic effects of chemical substances. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Cincinnati. Thrane, U Comparison of three selective media for detecting Fusarium species in food: a collaborative study. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 29: Thrane, U., O. Filtenborg, J. C. Frisvad, and F. Lund Improved methods for detection and identi cation of toxigenic Fusarium species, p In R. A. Samson, A. D. Hocking, J. I. Pitt, and A. D. King (ed.), Modern methods in food mycology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. Tsao, P. H Selective media for isolation of pathogenic fungi. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 8:

A Simple, Direct Plating Method, Alternative to Dilution Plating, for Estimation of the Abundance of Penicillium verrucosum on Incubated Cereal Grain

A Simple, Direct Plating Method, Alternative to Dilution Plating, for Estimation of the Abundance of Penicillium verrucosum on Incubated Cereal Grain Polish Journal of Microbiology 2006, Vol. 55, No 3, 237 241 A Simple, Direct Plating Method, Alternative to Dilution Plating, for Estimation of the Abundance of Penicillium verrucosum on Incubated Cereal

More information

L. R. BEUCHAT. Department of Food Science, University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Experiment, Georgia 30212

L. R. BEUCHAT. Department of Food Science, University of Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, Experiment, Georgia 30212 512 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 47, No. 7, Pages 512-519 (July 1984) Copyright*', International Association of Milk, Food, and Environmental Sanitarians Comparison of Aspergillus Differential Medium

More information

Fusarium species and Deoxynivalenol in maize product of Moqan region

Fusarium species and Deoxynivalenol in maize product of Moqan region DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22092/jaep.2012.107219 Fusarium species and Deoxynivalenol in maize product of Moqan region - - ( : : ) n.aliakbari@gmail.com. -... (DON). Czapek PDA Nash-Snyder CLA PDA. % /

More information

Occurrence of mycotoxin producing Fusarium species and other fungi on wheat kernels harvested in selected districts of Kenya

Occurrence of mycotoxin producing Fusarium species and other fungi on wheat kernels harvested in selected districts of Kenya African Crop Science Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6. 335-339 Printed in Uganda. All rights reserved ISSN 123-7X $ 4. 23, African Crop Science Society Occurrence of mycotoxin producing Fusarium species

More information

A basic procedure for single spore isolation of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium subglutinans

A basic procedure for single spore isolation of Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium subglutinans International Scholars Journals International Journal of Environmental Biology Research Vol. 3 (1) pp. 145-148, January, 2016. Available online at www.internationalscholarsjournals.org International Scholars

More information

Comparison of four media for the isolation of Aspergillus flavus group fungi

Comparison of four media for the isolation of Aspergillus flavus group fungi Mycopathologia 125: 157-162, 1994. 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. Comparison of four media for the isolation of Aspergillus flavus group fungi Peter J. Cotty Southern Regional

More information

DOI: /v

DOI: /v P L A N T B R E E D I N G A N D S E E D S C I E N C E Volume 63 2011 DOI: 10.2478/v10129-011-0021-2 Vesna Krnjaja 1, Jelena Lević 2, Slavica Stanković 2, Zorica Bijelić 1 1 Institute for Animal Husbandry,

More information

STUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA.

STUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA. STUDIES ON FUNGAL POPULATION OF CUMIN (NIGELLA SATIVA L.) FROM DIFFERENT PARTS OF MARATHWADA. Dr. Sumia Fatima Yogesh C. Khot Dept. of Botany, Dr. Rafiq Zakaria College for Women, Aurangabad Maharastra

More information

Tropentag 2012, Göttingen, Germany September 19-21, 2012

Tropentag 2012, Göttingen, Germany September 19-21, 2012 Tropentag 2012, Göttingen, Germany September 19-21, 2012 Conference on International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development organised by: Georg-August Universität

More information

MOULDS ASSOCIATED WITH MILK DEPENDING ON MACROCLIMATE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION

MOULDS ASSOCIATED WITH MILK DEPENDING ON MACROCLIMATE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION - 61 - MOULDS ASSOCIATED WITH MILK DEPENDING ON MACROCLIMATE AND GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION D. PEŠIĆ-MIKULEC 1, * L. STOJANOVIĆ 2 L. JOVANOVIĆ 3 1 Veterinary Research Institute Belgrade, Serbia, Yugoslavia

More information

Journal of Plant Pathology (2009), 91 (2), Edizioni ETS Pisa, AND AFLATOXIN B 1

Journal of Plant Pathology (2009), 91 (2), Edizioni ETS Pisa, AND AFLATOXIN B 1 023_JPP375SCAlakonya_459 25-06-2009 14:03 Pagina 459 Journal of Plant Pathology (2009), 91 (2), 459-464 Edizioni ETS Pisa, 2009 459 SHORT COMMUNICATION FUMONISIN B 1 AND AFLATOXIN B 1 LEVELS IN KENYAN

More information

Fusarium Species Associated with Tall Fescue Seed Production in Oregon

Fusarium Species Associated with Tall Fescue Seed Production in Oregon 2004 Plant Management Network. Accepted for publication 17 February 2004. Published 19 March 2004. Fusarium Species Associated with Tall Fescue Seed Production in Oregon Cynthia M. Ocamb, Department of

More information

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at As. J. Food Ag-Ind. 2009, Special Issue, S24-S30 Research Article Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN 1906-3040 Available online at www.ajofai.info Antifungal properties of essential oils from

More information

RAFI, M. AND SAJJAD-UR-RAHMAN Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan

RAFI, M. AND SAJJAD-UR-RAHMAN Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY 1560 8530/00/04 4 553 558 http://www.ijab.org Isolation and Identification of Indigenous Penicillium chrysogenum Series RAFI, M. AND SAJJAD-UR-RAHMAN Department

More information

Fungi Isolated from Flue-cured Tobacco at Time of Sale and After Storage1

Fungi Isolated from Flue-cured Tobacco at Time of Sale and After Storage1 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Mar. 1969, p. 360-365 Copyright 1969 American Society for Microbiology Vol. 17, No. 3 Printed in U.S.A. Fungi Isolated from Flue-cured Tobacco at Time of Sale and After Storage1 R.

More information

Fusarium Diseases of Tomato. Hung Doan, Gene Miyao and Mike Davi Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Davis

Fusarium Diseases of Tomato. Hung Doan, Gene Miyao and Mike Davi Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Davis Fusarium Diseases of Tomato Hung Doan, Gene Miyao and Mike Davi Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Davis hkdoan@ucdavis.edu Microconidia Macroconidia Chlamydospores Fusarium oxysporum

More information

Malt-Yeast Extract-Sucrose Agar, a Suitable Medium for Enumeration and Isolation of Fungi from Silage

Malt-Yeast Extract-Sucrose Agar, a Suitable Medium for Enumeration and Isolation of Fungi from Silage APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Oct. 1996, p. 3614 3619 Vol. 62, No. 10 0099-2240/96/$04.00 0 Copyright 1996, American Society for Microbiology Malt-Yeast Extract-Sucrose Agar, a Suitable Medium

More information

Fusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship with soybean cyst nematode

Fusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship with soybean cyst nematode Proceedings of the Integrated Crop Management Conference Proceedings of the 22nd Annual Integrated Crop Management Conference Dec 1st, 12:00 AM Fusarium root rot of soybean occurrence, impact, and relationship

More information

Biological control of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli the causal agent of root rot of bean using Bacillus subtilis CA32 and Trichoderma harzianum RU01

Biological control of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli the causal agent of root rot of bean using Bacillus subtilis CA32 and Trichoderma harzianum RU01 RUHUNA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Vol. 2, September 2007, pp. 82-88 http://www.ruh.ac.lk/rjs/rjs.html ISSN 1800-279X 2007 Faculty of Science University of Ruhuna Biological control of Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli

More information

INFLUENCE OF SOME GROWTH FACTORS ON IN-VITRO GROWTH OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. PHASEOLI CAUSING SEEDLING MORTALITY OF BUSH BEAN

INFLUENCE OF SOME GROWTH FACTORS ON IN-VITRO GROWTH OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. PHASEOLI CAUSING SEEDLING MORTALITY OF BUSH BEAN INFLUENCE OF SOME GROWTH FACTORS ON IN-VITRO GROWTH OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. PHASEOLI CAUSING SEEDLING MORTALITY OF BUSH BEAN S. Sharmin Siddique 1, M. K. A. Bhuiyan 2, M. R. Uddin 3 and M. B. Anwar

More information

Biological control of aquatic weeds by Plectosporium alismatis

Biological control of aquatic weeds by Plectosporium alismatis Biological control of aquatic weeds by Plectosporium alismatis, a potential mycoherbicide in Australian rice crops: comparison of liquid culture media for their ability to produce high yields of desiccation-tolerant

More information

Fusaria and Fusarium mycotoxins in leaves and ears of maize plants 2. A time course study made in the Waikato region, New Zealand, in 1997

Fusaria and Fusarium mycotoxins in leaves and ears of maize plants 2. A time course study made in the Waikato region, New Zealand, in 1997 New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science ISSN: 0114-0671 (Print) 1175-8783 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnzc20 Fusaria and Fusarium mycotoxins in leaves and ears

More information

Contribution to physiological and biochemical diagnostics of Fusarium taxa commonly isolated in Egypt

Contribution to physiological and biochemical diagnostics of Fusarium taxa commonly isolated in Egypt Contribution to physiological and biochemical diagnostics of Fusarium taxa commonly isolated in Egypt MADY A. ISMAIL*, SOBHY I. I. ABDEL-HAFEZ, NEMMAT A. HUSSEIN, NEVEIN A. ABDEL-HAMEED Department of Botany

More information

EFFICACY AGAINST MOLDS

EFFICACY AGAINST MOLDS 01999 Applied Poultq Science. lac. EFFICACY AGAINST MOLDS OF SEVERAL ORGANIC ACIDS CARRIE HIGGINS and FlUEDHELM BlUNKHAUS' Research & Development Department, Kemin Indusbies, Inc., 2100 Maury Street, Des

More information

In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae

In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma species against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melongenae International Journal of Applied Agricultural Research ISSN 0973-2683 Volume 12, Number 1 (2017) pp. 87-95 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com In vitro antagonistic activity of Trichoderma

More information

FOOD SAFETY, TOXICOLOGY AND UTILIZATION OF MYCOTOXIN-CONTAMINATED GRAIN

FOOD SAFETY, TOXICOLOGY AND UTILIZATION OF MYCOTOXIN-CONTAMINATED GRAIN FOOD SAFETY, TOXICOLOGY AND UTILIZATION OF MYCOTOXIN-CONTAMINATED GRAIN Section 3: Food Safety, Toxicology, and Utilization of Mycotoxin-contaminated Grain WHEAT KERNEL BLACK POINT AND FUMONISIN CONTAMINATION

More information

Colonial and Morphological Characteristics of various fungi Species Isolated from soil in Bangalore city

Colonial and Morphological Characteristics of various fungi Species Isolated from soil in Bangalore city Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci., Vol 6[1] December 2016: 17-21 2016 Academy for Environment and Life Sciences, India Online ISSN 2277-1808 Journal

More information

Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Fungal Plant Pathogens by Bacillus sp.

Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Fungal Plant Pathogens by Bacillus sp. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 11, No. 5 (2002), 593-597 Letter to Editors Inhibition of Ergosterol Biosynthesis in Fungal Plant Pathogens by Bacillus sp. K. Czaczyk, K. Trojanowska, B. Stachowiak*

More information

Evaluation of agro-industrial wastes for conidia based inoculum production of bio-control agent: Trichoderma harzianum

Evaluation of agro-industrial wastes for conidia based inoculum production of bio-control agent: Trichoderma harzianum Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Vol. 63, October 2004, pp 807-812 Evaluation of agro-industrial wastes for conidia based inoculum production of bio-control agent: Trichoderma harzianum Lakshmi

More information

Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12

Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12 Forest Pest Management SD14 M CI Report 87-12 A-3 27._ 3450 December 1987 MI)RTALITY OF BAREROOT COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE SEEDLINGS MONTANA STATE NURSERY, MISSOULA by R. L. James, Plant Pathologist INTRODUCTION

More information

Antagonistic Activity and Shelf Life Study of Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai)

Antagonistic Activity and Shelf Life Study of Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai) International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 2611-2615 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.308

More information

Mycoflora Of Barley ( Hordeum Vulgare L.) At Different Locations In Hail Area- Saudi Arabia

Mycoflora Of Barley ( Hordeum Vulgare L.) At Different Locations In Hail Area- Saudi Arabia Mycoflora Of Barley ( Hordeum Vulgare L.) At Different Locations In Hail Area- Saudi Arabia Elham S. Dawood, Modhi K. Elshamry Abstract: 400 grain samples collected from barley fields in Hail area at the

More information

EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT FUNGICIDES AGAINST DRY ROT PATHOGEN OF POTATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM SP. UNDER IN VITRO CONDITION

EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT FUNGICIDES AGAINST DRY ROT PATHOGEN OF POTATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM SP. UNDER IN VITRO CONDITION EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT FUNGICIDES AGAINST DRY ROT PATHOGEN OF POTATO DOI: 10.1515/cerce-2016-0037 Available online: www.uaiasi.ro/cercet_agromold/ Print ISSN 0379-5837; Electronic ISSN 2067-1865 Cercetări

More information

Investigation on Diversity, Distribution and Periodicity of Fungi in Shanthi Sagar Lake of Davangere District, Karnataka, India

Investigation on Diversity, Distribution and Periodicity of Fungi in Shanthi Sagar Lake of Davangere District, Karnataka, India Sengupta, M. and Dalwani, R. (Editors). 2008 Proceedings of Taal 2007: The 12th World Lake Conference: 2009-2013 Investigation on Diversity, Distribution and Periodicity of Fungi in Shanthi Sagar Lake

More information

The Role of Phyllosphere Bacteria in Pathogenesis by Botrytis squamosa and B. cinerea on Onion Leaves C. A. Clark and J. W.

The Role of Phyllosphere Bacteria in Pathogenesis by Botrytis squamosa and B. cinerea on Onion Leaves C. A. Clark and J. W. Ecology and Epidemiology The Role of Phyllosphere Bacteria in Pathogenesis by Botrytis squamosa and B. cinerea on Onion Leaves C. A. Clark and J. W. Lorbeer Graduate Research Assistant and Professor, respectively,

More information

Evaluation of an alternative slide culture technique for the morphological identification of fungal species

Evaluation of an alternative slide culture technique for the morphological identification of fungal species Research Article Evaluation of an alternative slide culture technique for the morphological identification of fungal species Abstract M H Wijedasa 1, L V C Liyanapathirana 1. Sri Lanka Journal of Infectious

More information

DETERMINATION OF TOXIGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR ASSOCIATED MYCOTOXINS IN MAIZE FROM MERU COUNTY JOHN NDERITU GATHOGO SUPERVISOR: PROF: R.

DETERMINATION OF TOXIGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR ASSOCIATED MYCOTOXINS IN MAIZE FROM MERU COUNTY JOHN NDERITU GATHOGO SUPERVISOR: PROF: R. DETERMINATION OF TOXIGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR ASSOCIATED MYCOTOXINS IN MAIZE FROM MERU COUNTY NAME: REG NO: JOHN NDERITU GATHOGO A22/1803/2010 SUPERVISOR: PROF: R.D NARLA INTRODUCTION Maize belongs to gramineae

More information

Management of silver scurf and Fusarium dry rot of potatoes in storage using Bio-Save 10LP and Bio-Save 11LP (Pseudomonas syringae)

Management of silver scurf and Fusarium dry rot of potatoes in storage using Bio-Save 10LP and Bio-Save 11LP (Pseudomonas syringae) FINAL REPORT Project Code: BPI07-170 03 July, 2008 Management of silver scurf and Fusarium dry rot of potatoes in storage using Bio-Save 10LP and Bio-Save 11LP (Pseudomonas syringae) Khalil I. Al-Mughrabi,

More information

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at

Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN Available online at Research Article Asian Journal of Food and Agro-Industry ISSN 1906-3040 Available online at www.ajofai.info Antifungal activity of essential oils from basil (Ocimum basilicum Linn.) and sweet fennel (Ocimum

More information

Fusarium thapsinum is the dominant species associated with sorghum stalk rot in Queensland and northern New South Wales

Fusarium thapsinum is the dominant species associated with sorghum stalk rot in Queensland and northern New South Wales Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation Fusarium thapsinum is the dominant species associated with sorghum stalk rot in Queensland and northern New South Wales Lisa Kelly, Malcolm

More information

Chapter 3 Isolation, screening, morphological and biochemical characterization of fungal isolates

Chapter 3 Isolation, screening, morphological and biochemical characterization of fungal isolates Chapter 3 Isolation, screening, morphological and biochemical characterization of fungal isolates 3.1 Introduction Phosphorus is one of the major nutrients, second only to nitrogen in requirement for plants.

More information

Genotypic Identification for Some Fusarium sambucinum Strains Isolated from Wheat in Upper Egypt

Genotypic Identification for Some Fusarium sambucinum Strains Isolated from Wheat in Upper Egypt World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2 (1): 06-10, 2006 ISSN 1817-3047 IDOSI Publications, 2006 Genotypic Identification for Some Fusarium sambucinum Strains Isolated from Wheat in Upper Egypt Jamal

More information

In vitro growth characteristics of fusarium langsethiae isolates recovered from oats and wheat grain in the UK

In vitro growth characteristics of fusarium langsethiae isolates recovered from oats and wheat grain in the UK In vitro growth characteristics of fusarium langsethiae isolates recovered from oats and wheat grain in the UK by Imathiu, S.M., Ray, R.V., Back, M., Hare, M. and Edwards, S.G. Copyright, Publisher and

More information

Mycoflora of maize seeds from Novi Pazar

Mycoflora of maize seeds from Novi Pazar RESEARCH PAPER International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research (IJAAR) ISSN: 2223-7054 (Print) 2225-3610 (Online) http://www.innspub.net Vol. 7, No. 3, p. 09-13, 2015 Mycoflora of maize seeds

More information

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF THREE FUNGAL ISOLATES TO AFLATOXIN-PRODUCING^spergiY/HS/JavHS

ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF THREE FUNGAL ISOLATES TO AFLATOXIN-PRODUCING^spergiY/HS/JavHS BIOTROPIA NO. 21, 2003 : 19-31 ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF THREE FUNGAL ISOLATES TO AFLATOXIN-PRODUCING^spergiY/HS/JavHS OKKY SETYAWATI DHARMAPUTRA SEAMED BIOTROP, P.O. BOX 116, Bogor, Indonesia and Faculty

More information

First Report of Penicillium adametzioides from Decayed Grapes (Vitis vinifera) in Pakistan

First Report of Penicillium adametzioides from Decayed Grapes (Vitis vinifera) in Pakistan International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 12 (2016) pp. 316-320 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2016.512.034

More information

Plant Pathogen Suppression the Synergistic Effect between Biofertilizer and Irradiated Oligochitosan of Tomato

Plant Pathogen Suppression the Synergistic Effect between Biofertilizer and Irradiated Oligochitosan of Tomato International Journal of Research Studies in Science, Engineering and Technology Volume 3, Issue 11, November 2016, PP 1-5 ISSN 2349-4751 (Print) & ISSN 2349-476X (Online) Plant Pathogen Suppression the

More information

MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT OF WHEAT USING ANTAGONISTIC MICROORGANISMS

MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT OF WHEAT USING ANTAGONISTIC MICROORGANISMS MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT OF WHEAT USING ANTAGONISTIC MICROORGANISMS *Muthomi, J. W., Riungu, G. M., and Wagacha, J. M. Department of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi P.

More information

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Growth of Aspergillus Species Associated with Stored Millet Grains in Sokoto.

Effect of Environmental Factors on the Growth of Aspergillus Species Associated with Stored Millet Grains in Sokoto. Available online at http://www.ajol.info/index.php/njbas/index Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Science (2011), 19(2):218-223 ISSN 0794-5698 ffect of nvironmental Factors on the Growth of Aspergillus

More information

(Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds

(Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds Impact of storage period and temperature on the pathogenic behaviour of Fusarium solani on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds Muhammad Saleem Javed¹, Muhammad Hanif², Mubashir Niaz² and Iftkhar Ali²

More information

بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم

بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم Evaluation of environmental factors affecting degradation of mycotoxins with special reference to laser A Thesis presented by Rania Momtaz Abd ElLatif Azab Under supervision of Prof.

More information

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBON SOURCES ON THE GROWTH OF DIFFERENT ISOLATES OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM f. sp. CUBENSE IN DIFFERENT MEDIA

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBON SOURCES ON THE GROWTH OF DIFFERENT ISOLATES OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM f. sp. CUBENSE IN DIFFERENT MEDIA Int. J. Agric.Sc & Vet.Med. 2014 Thammaiah N et al., 2014 Research Paper ISSN 2320-3730 www.ijasvm.com Vol. 2, No. 2, May 2014 2014 www.ijasvm.com. All Rights Reserved EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CARBON SOURCES

More information

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences INCIDENCE OF GRAIN MOLD ON SORGHUM IN MARATHWADA REGION ABSTRACT

International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences INCIDENCE OF GRAIN MOLD ON SORGHUM IN MARATHWADA REGION ABSTRACT Research Article Plant pathology International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences ISSN 0975-6299 INCIDENCE OF GRAIN MOLD ON SORGHUM IN MARATHWADA REGION D. K. SHERKAR AND A. M. CHAVAN Seed pathology and

More information

Fungal profiling and gushing potential

Fungal profiling and gushing potential Fungal profiling and gushing potential Vertti Virkajärvi, Tuija Sarlin & Arja Laitila VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland arja.laitila@vtt.fi EBC Brewing Science Group 10 th Technical Meeting 9-11.9.2014

More information

I. QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION OF THE ACTION

I. QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION OF THE ACTION Japan. J. Microb., Vol. 5, No. 4, 1961 UDC: 576. 882. 822. 3. 095. 18 : 547. 295. 6 FUNGICIDAL ACTION OF CAPRYLIC ACID FOR CANDIDA ALBICANS I. QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION OF THE ACTION TOHRU TSUKAHARA Department

More information

Hassan Pyar Kok-Khiang Peh *

Hassan Pyar Kok-Khiang Peh * Isolation of probiotics Lactobacillus acidophilus from commercial yoghurt Hassan Pyar Kok-Khiang Peh * School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. Telephone

More information

Cultural and Physiological Variation Between Isolates of Stemphylium botryosum the Causal of Stemphylium Blight Disease of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Cultural and Physiological Variation Between Isolates of Stemphylium botryosum the Causal of Stemphylium Blight Disease of Lentil (Lens culinaris) World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 5 (): 94-98, 2009 ISSN 87-3047 IDOSI Publications, 2009 Cultural and Physiological Variation Between Isolates of Stemphylium botryosum the Causal of Stemphylium Blight

More information

PS Occurence of Fusarium species isolated from winter wheat and barley grains in Croatia

PS Occurence of Fusarium species isolated from winter wheat and barley grains in Croatia PS2-1-6118 Occurence of Fusarium species isolated from winter wheat and barley grains in Croatia J. Cosic 1*, D. Jurkovic 1, K. Vrandecic 1, B. Šimic 2 Abstract Fusarium head blight of small grain cereals

More information

and biocontrol activity of microorganisms for sustainable agriculture

and biocontrol activity of microorganisms for sustainable agriculture The use of simultaneous P-solubilizingP and biocontrol activity of microorganisms for sustainable agriculture Svetlana Zhigletsova, PhD (Chem) State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

More information

Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. Screening of Mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium Verticillioides and F. Proliferatum in Culture Media

Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. Screening of Mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium Verticillioides and F. Proliferatum in Culture Media Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development journal homepage: http://www.aessweb.com/journals/5005 Screening of Mycotoxin Produced by Fusarium Verticillioides and F. Proliferatum in Culture Media

More information

MSES consultants, inc.

MSES consultants, inc. MSES consultants, inc. 609 West Main Street P.O. Drawer 190 Clarksburg, WV 26302-0190 304.624.9700 304.622.0981 304.842.3325 http://www.msesinc.com Office September 13, 2012 Project Number: 12-437 Mr.

More information

mycotoxin-contaminated contaminated food or feed

mycotoxin-contaminated contaminated food or feed Poisons in our Food By Melvin Newman, Ph.D. Professor Entomology and Plant Pathology Foods that may contain toxins Introduction Fungi: produce an array of chemical products called secondary metabolites.

More information

Study on mycoflora of poultry feed ingredients and finished feed in Iran

Study on mycoflora of poultry feed ingredients and finished feed in Iran Volume 8 Number 1 (February 2016) 47-54 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Study on mycoflora of poultry feed ingredients and finished feed in Iran Seyed Soheil Ghaemmaghami 1, Mehrdad Modirsaneii 1*, Ali Reza Khosravi

More information

CONCENTRATIONS OF VIABLE FUNGAL SPORES ON PAPER DOCUMENTS

CONCENTRATIONS OF VIABLE FUNGAL SPORES ON PAPER DOCUMENTS 1 INTRODUCTION CONCENTRATIONS OF VIABLE FUNGAL SPORES ON PAPER DOCUMENTS This work was performed as part of a broader Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) response action, which lasted in excess of eight months. A

More information

International Rules for Seed Testing 2015

International Rules for Seed Testing 2015 International Rules for Seed Testing 2015 Validated Seed Health Testing Methods 7-009: Detection of Gibberella circinata on Pinus spp. (pine) and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglasfir) seed Including changes

More information

Mycotoxin production by fungi isolated from commercially prepared livestock feed in Kerala

Mycotoxin production by fungi isolated from commercially prepared livestock feed in Kerala 2016; 2(5): 154-159 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2016; 2(5): 154-159 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 03-03-2016 Accepted: 04-04-2016 Stefi Raju V Department

More information

Impact of physical factors on growth and sporulation of saprophytic pathogenic fungi

Impact of physical factors on growth and sporulation of saprophytic pathogenic fungi Impact of physical factors on growth and sporulation of saprophytic pathogenic fungi *Borude Devika **Sumia Fatima and *Sonawane B. N. * Research student of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar University, Aurangabad.

More information

MIDHILA PADMAN and JANARDHANA G R*

MIDHILA PADMAN and JANARDHANA G R* Inhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. the causal organism of leaf spot disease of Murraya koenigii L MIDHILA PADMAN and JANARDHANA G

More information

DIAGNOSTIC VOMITOXIN (DON) SERVICES IN

DIAGNOSTIC VOMITOXIN (DON) SERVICES IN DIAGNOSTIC VOMITOXIN (DON) SERVICES IN 2000-2001 Howard H. Casper* Department of Veterinary and Microbiological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, 58105 *Corresponding author: PH: (701)

More information

Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences

Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences Pak. j. life soc. Sci. (0), (): - E-ISSN: -0; P-ISSN: - Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences www.pjlss.edu.pk RESEARCH ARTICLE Natural Incidence of Fungi and Mycotoxins on Corn Grains in Ibb (Yemen)

More information

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Tues/Thurs. Split Lab Sections ONLY

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Tues/Thurs. Split Lab Sections ONLY Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Tues/ Split Lab Sections ONLY Wk 1 Feb. 27 Orientation with Introductions & Safety Rules/Regulations March 1 Orientation with Pathogen

More information

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Mon/Weds. Split Lab Sections ONLY

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Mon/Weds. Split Lab Sections ONLY Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Spring 2018 Mon/ Split Lab Sections ONLY Wk 1 Feb. 26 Orientation with Introductions & Safety Rules/Regulations Feb. 28 Orientation with Pathogen

More information

Influence of Solute, ph, and Incubation Temperature on Recovery

Influence of Solute, ph, and Incubation Temperature on Recovery APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Aug. 199, p. 255-255 99-2298255-6$2. Copyright 199, American Society for Microbiogy V. 56, No. 8 Influence of Sute, ph, and Incubation Temperature on Recovery of

More information

Filamentous fungi MALDI-TOF identification

Filamentous fungi MALDI-TOF identification Filamentous fungi MALDI-TOF identification Stéphane Ranque Parasitologie & Mycologie AP-HM Timone Marseille, France stephane.ranque@ap-hm.fr Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus ochraceus Conidia 3 to 6 µ Conidia

More information

Alternative Methods for the Control of Mycotoxins

Alternative Methods for the Control of Mycotoxins Alternative Methods for the Control of Mycotoxins John F. Leslie University Distinguished Professor & Head Department of Plant Pathology Kansas State University Manhattan, Kansas 2014 J. F. Leslie What

More information

Aflatoxin B 1 production in chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) kept in cold stores

Aflatoxin B 1 production in chillies (Capsicum annuum L.) kept in cold stores African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 4 (8), pp. 791-795, August 5 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb ISSN 1684 5315 5 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Aflatoxin B 1 production

More information

Factors influencing population dynamics of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini in the presence and absence of cumin crop in arid soils

Factors influencing population dynamics of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini in the presence and absence of cumin crop in arid soils Phytopathol. Mediterr. (2004) 43, 03 13 RESEARCH PAPERS Factors influencing population dynamics of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cumini in the presence and absence of cumin crop in arid soils SUNIL ISRAEL

More information

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Fall 2017 Tues/Thurs. Split Lab Sections ONLY

Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Fall 2017 Tues/Thurs. Split Lab Sections ONLY Mt. San Antonio College Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Fall 2017 Tues/ Split Lab Sections ONLY Wk 1 Aug. 29 Orientation with Introductions & Safety Rules/Regulations Aug. 31 Orientation with Pathogen

More information

Introduction. Study of fungi called mycology.

Introduction. Study of fungi called mycology. Fungi Introduction Study of fungi called mycology. Some fungi are beneficial: ex a) Important in production of some foods, ex: cheeses, bread. b) Important in production of some antibiotics, ex: penicillin

More information

Abstract. Introduction

Abstract. Introduction Pathogenicity and fusaric acid production by Fusarium proliferatum isolated from garlic in Spain D. PALMERO (1), M. DE CARA (2), W. NOSIR (3), C. IGLESIAS (1), M. GARCÍA (1), S. WOODWARD (3), J.C. TELLO

More information

Myrothecium: A new indoor contaminant?

Myrothecium: A new indoor contaminant? Aerobiologia lnm~lo~ Jlounll of/un~lolol~ ELSEVIER Aerobiologia 13 (1997) 227-234 Myrothecium: A new indoor contaminant? Estelle Levetin a,,, Richard Shaughnessy b a Faculty of Biological Science, Department

More information

SELECTIVE GROWTH MEDIA TO STUDY MORPHOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Fusarium mangiferae, THE CAUSE OF MANGO MALFORMATION

SELECTIVE GROWTH MEDIA TO STUDY MORPHOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Fusarium mangiferae, THE CAUSE OF MANGO MALFORMATION Proceedings: International Conference on Mango and Date Palm: Culture and Export. 20 th to 23 rd June, 2005. Malik et al. (Eds), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. SELECTIVE GROWTH MEDIA TO STUDY MORPHOLOGICAL

More information

Cultural and Media Studies of Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis of the oil palm from African Countries

Cultural and Media Studies of Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis of the oil palm from African Countries Discourse Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences www.resjournals.org/jafs ISSN: 2346-7002 Vol. 6(4): 25-34, October, 2018 Cultural and Media Studies of Fusarium oxysporium f. sp. elaeidis of the oil

More information

Sorghum Grain Mold: Variability in Fungal Complex

Sorghum Grain Mold: Variability in Fungal Complex Table 2. Incidence and intensity of grain mold in sorghum cultivars under two treatments of panicles (with and without bags) 1. Incidence (%) Cultivar TGMR 2 Germination' Fusarium moniliforme 3 Curvularia

More information

Weds. Date. Aug. 26. Sept. 2

Weds. Date. Aug. 26. Sept. 2 Mt.SanAntonioCollege Microbiology 22 Lab Schedule for Fall 2015 Mon./ Split Lab Sections ONLY Wk. Mon. 1 Aug. 24 Orientation with Introductions & Safety Rules/Regulations 2 Aug. 31 Exercise #1: The Microscope

More information

Bioactive Test of Metabolites from Chaetomium cochliodes against Phytophthora sp.

Bioactive Test of Metabolites from Chaetomium cochliodes against Phytophthora sp. Available online http://www.ijat-aatsea.com ISSN 1686-9141 Bioactive Test of Metabolites from Chaetomium cochliodes against Phytophthora sp. Tongon Rujira 1*, Soytong, Kasem 1 and Kanokmedhakul, S. 2 Department

More information

Formulation of alternative culture media for bacterial and fungal growth

Formulation of alternative culture media for bacterial and fungal growth Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2016, 8 (1):431-436 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4

More information

Preliminary report of Dehulling effect on the occurrence and distribution of Aspergillus flavus in maize grains stored in Mubi market

Preliminary report of Dehulling effect on the occurrence and distribution of Aspergillus flavus in maize grains stored in Mubi market Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com Advances in Applied Science Research, 2011, 2 (5):612-616 ISS: 0976-8610 CODE (USA): AASRFC Preliminary report of Dehulling effect on the occurrence and

More information

Influence of Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Source on Patulin Production by Penicillium patulum1

Influence of Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Source on Patulin Production by Penicillium patulum1 APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Nov. 1975, p. 850-854 Copyright C) 1975 American Society for Microbiology Vol. 30, No. 5 Printed in U.S.A. Influence of Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Source on Patulin Production by Penicillium

More information

Phylloplane microflora diversity of rose and mycoparasitism over rose powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary)

Phylloplane microflora diversity of rose and mycoparasitism over rose powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary) Journal of Crop and Weed, 14(1): 224-229 (2018) Phylloplane microflora diversity of rose and mycoparasitism over rose powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa (Wallr.) de Bary) V. KUMAR AND S. CHANDEL Department

More information

Exploring myxomycetes for possible applications as antagonists in bio-control of plant pathogens

Exploring myxomycetes for possible applications as antagonists in bio-control of plant pathogens Exploring myxomycetes for possible applications as antagonists in bio-control of plant pathogens Myriam de Haan 1 and Marc Lemmens 2 1) Meise Botanic Garden, Belgium 2) University of Natural Resources

More information

COPPER AND STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM STONE FRUIT ORCHARDS IN NEW ZEALAND

COPPER AND STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM STONE FRUIT ORCHARDS IN NEW ZEALAND Fruit Disease Management 101 COPPER AND STREPTOMYCIN RESISTANCE IN BACTERIAL STRAINS ISOLATED FROM STONE FRUIT ORCHARDS IN NEW ZEALAND J.L. VANNESTE 1, G.F. McLAREN 2, J. YU 1, D.A. CORNISH 1 and R. BOYD

More information

Stored Grain Toxigenic Fungi

Stored Grain Toxigenic Fungi The linked image cannot be displayed. The file may have been moved, renamed, or deleted. Verify that the link points to the correct file and location. Stored Grain Toxigenic Fungi Barry J. Jacobsen, Robert

More information

* () Rosmarinus officinalis. Aspergillus flavus :&

* () Rosmarinus officinalis. Aspergillus flavus :& 134121 : 1 (25) (2009)! "# $%& ' * () Rosmarinus officinalis B1 +'&")! ) Aspergillus flavus (1),* -.# 3 Rosmarinus officinalis ) / "# 01 '2 ' "# & B1 +'&")! ) Aspergillus flavus * *$&.( && % 83.5 461.35

More information

Dichloran-Rose Bengal Medium for Enumeration and

Dichloran-Rose Bengal Medium for Enumeration and APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, May 1979, p. 99-964 0099-2240/79/0-099/06$02.00/0 Vol. 37, No. Dichloran-Rose Bengal Medium for Enumeration and Isolation of Molds from Foods A. DOUGLAS KING, JR.,'*

More information

Influence of Ethylene Produced by Soil Microorganisms on Etiolated Pea Seedlings

Influence of Ethylene Produced by Soil Microorganisms on Etiolated Pea Seedlings APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Nov. 1988, p. 2728-2732 Vol. 54, No. 11 0099-2240/88/112728-05$02.00/0 Copyright 1988, American Society for Microbiology Influence of Ethylene Produced by Soil Microorganisms

More information

Project title: Fusarium wilt of lettuce: management through detection, avoidance and disease resistance

Project title: Fusarium wilt of lettuce: management through detection, avoidance and disease resistance Abstract Project title: Fusarium wilt of lettuce: management through detection, avoidance and disease resistance Principal investigator: Thomas R. Gordon Department of Plant Pathology University of California

More information

Monitoring of Soil-Borne Pathogens in the Agricultural Soils of the Pestrechinsky District (Tatarstan, Russia)

Monitoring of Soil-Borne Pathogens in the Agricultural Soils of the Pestrechinsky District (Tatarstan, Russia) IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science PAPER OPEN ACCESS Monitoring of Soil-Borne Pathogens in the Agricultural Soils of the Pestrechinsky District (Tatarstan, Russia) To cite this article:

More information