EFFECT OF HYDRATED SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE ON THE PREVENTION OF THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF OCHRATOXIN
|
|
- Sheena Stafford
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 2002 Poultry Science Association, Inc. EFFECT OF HYDRATED SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE ON THE PREVENTION OF THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF OCHRATOXIN E. SANTIN, 1 A. MAIORKA, E. L. KRABBE, A. C. PAULILLO, and A. C. ALESSI Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Campus de Jaboticabal-Unesp, Cep: Jaboticabal SP Brazil Phone: ext. 117 FAX: besantin@fcav.unesp.br Primary Audience: Nutritionists, Researchers, Broiler Production Managers SUMMARY We studied the efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) as an inhibitor of the toxic effects of ochratoxin in broilers from 1 to 42 d of age. A total of 288 broilers was distributed into four treatments with four replicates of 18 birds each: T1, control; T2, 0.25% HSCAS; T3, 2 ppm of ochratoxin; T4, 0.25% HSCAS + 2 ppm ochratoxin. The parameters evaluated were feed intake; weight gain; feed conversion; relative weights of the liver, kidneys, and bursa; and serum levels of Ca, P, total protein (TP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and γ-glutamiltransferase (GGT). Ochratoxin in the diet negatively affected (P < 0.05) all performance parameters evaluated when the birds were 21 and 42 d of age. However, HSCAS did not affect performance, and there was no interaction between HSCAS and dietary ochratoxin. The liver and the kidneys of birds fed ochratoxin with or without HSCAS were relatively heavier (P < 0.05) than those of the control birds, demonstrating the influence of ochratoxin, but not of HSCAS, on the relative weight of these organs. Although the bursa of birds exposed to ochratoxin with or without HSCAS had a lower relative weight as compared to control birds, the difference was not significant. Ca, P, and TP serum levels were lower (P < 0.05) in birds exposed to ochratoxin, whereas AST and GGT levels were higher (P < 0.05) in these birds. These results reflect that ochratoxin in the diet impaired the productivity indexes and that HSCAS did not improve these parameters. Key words: broiler, performance, hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, ochratoxin 2002 J. Appl. Poult. Res. 11:22 28 DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM Ochratoxins are mycotoxins isolated from Aspergillus ochraceus but can also be produced by a series of Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Of this group of isocumarins, only ochratoxin A has been naturally isolated from cere- als, and it is the most toxic mycotoxin for birds [1]. These mycotoxins occur in several parts of the world, contaminating cereals that are traditionally used in poultry feeds. Ochratoxin A is classified as the second most important mycotoxin in terms of economic losses worldwide, aflatoxins being the first [2]. Intoxication of birds by ochratoxin results in reduced weight 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed.
2 SANTIN ET AL.: BROILER PERFORMANCE 23 gain, impaired feed efficiency, reduced egg production and quality [3], and also induced immunosuppression in broilers [4]. In the last few years, several studies have suggested that aluminosilicates can reduce the effects of mycotoxins in several animal species, due to their ability to bind to or to adsorb mycotoxins [5]. However, the actions have been explored mostly in relation to aflatoxicosis [5]. Despite that some studies have shown these minerals do not adsorb ochratoxin in vitro [6] or in vivo [7], the poultry industry has sometimes used aluminosilicates to control ochratoxicosis because they believe that the altered chemical structure of some aluminosilicates might be able to adsorb other mycotoxins than aflatoxin. The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) CaO Na 2 O - K 2 O MgO A 12 O 3 4SiO 2 (OH) 2 2H 2 O in preventing performance losses in broilers exposed to ochratoxin. MATERIALS AND METHODS EXPERIMENTAL BIRDS AND MANAGEMENT A total of 288 sexed (male) Cobb 1-d-old broilers was housed in 16 cages in an experimental house and received feed and water ad libitum. Birds were distributed into the following four treatments: T1, control (0.0 HSCAS + 0 ochratoxin); T2, 0.25% HSCAS; T3, 2 ppm ochratoxin; and T4, 0.25% HSCAS + 2 ppm ochratoxin. The diet was based on corn and soybean meal, containing or exceeding the nutritional requirements recommended by the NRC [8]. HSCAS and ochratoxin were included in the feed, according to each treatment, for the duration of the experiment. During the experimental period, diets were analyzed for zearalenone and aflatoxin with the technique described by Soares and Rodriguez-Amaya [9]. These mycotoxins were not detected in the feeds. Birds and residual feed were weighed at the beginning and end of each experimental stage (initial stage: 1 to 21 d and final stage: 22 to 42 d). Feed conversion was obtained by dividing total feed intake by the weight gain of each pen added to the weights of dead birds. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The statistical analysis used a completely random experimental design in a factorial (2 2) arrangement. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and when significant differences were obtained, Tukey s test was used. OCHRATOXIN PRODUCTION AND ALUMINOSILICATE Ochratoxin was produced in wheat by Aspergillus ochraceus, Strain NRRL 3174, at 46% humidity [10]. After 11 d, this wheat was dried in an oven at 100 C for 12 h and ground, and its ochratoxin level was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography [9]. This ochratoxin was added weekly to the feed at 2 ppm with the aid of a Y mixer level, according to the experimental treatment. Basal diets containing ochratoxin were analyzed by thin-layer chromatography [9] to confirm the desired level of ochratoxin. The aluminosilicate used was CaO Na 2 O K 2 O MgO A 12 O 3 4SiO 2 (OH) 2 2H 2 O. BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS At 18 d of age, 16 birds per treatment (four birds from four repetitions) were bled by brachial vein puncture to collect blood samples for total protein (TP), Ca, P, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and γ-glutamiltransferase (GGT) analyses. The biochemical analyses were performed by colorimetric method by using commercial kits [11]. MACROSCOPIC AND MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE ORGANS At 21 and 42 d of age, eight birds from each treatment were slaughtered by cervical dislocation to perform macroscopic observations of the bursa, liver, and kidneys. These organs were immediately dissected and individually weighed. Weights were expressed as a percentage of body weight, thus obtaining the relative weight of organs. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Ochratoxins may cause significant losses to the poultry industry due to reduced performance and health problems in the exposed
3 24 JAPR: Research Report TABLE 1. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed:gain of broilers at 1 to 21 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN FEED INTAKE BODY WEIGHT FEED:GAIN TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g) GAIN (g) (g/g) T T T T CV (%) Ochratoxin (+) Ochratoxin ( ) HSCAS (+) HSCAS ( ) Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O birds. The use of aluminosilicates as absorbent materials has been extensively studied in the past [12] due to the ability of these substances to bind to mycotoxins, especially to aflatoxins [5]. The present study showed that 1-to-42-dold broilers fed 2 ppm of ochratoxin in their diets had a significant decrease in feed intake and weight gain as compared to the control group. Birds exposed to ochratoxin, at 21 or 42 d of age, had lower average feed intake and weight gain (P < 0.01), as well as poorer feed conversion (P < 0.05), as compared to control birds. Addition of HSCAS to the diet containing the mycotoxin did not minimize these effects and did not influence these parameters when included in the control diet with no mycotoxin (Tables 1, 2, and 3). Despite other studies that have shown the efficacy of these minerals in cases of aflatoxicosis [5, 12, 13], recent research has demonstrated that aluminosilicates are not effective for all mycotoxins [7, 14, 15]. Bailey et al. [14] and Kubena et al. [16] have found that different aluminosilicates did not protect birds against detrimental effects of T- 2 toxin. This divergence in results on the ad- TABLE 2. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed:gain of broilers at 22 to 42 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN FEED INTAKE BODY WEIGHT FEED:GAIN TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g) GAIN (g) (g/g) T ,960 1, T ,890 1, T ,231 1, T ,092 1, CV (%) Ochratoxin (+) 2,161 1, Ochratoxin ( ) 2,925 1, HSCAS (+) 2,491 1, HSCAS ( ) 2,595 1, Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O
4 SANTIN ET AL.: BROILER PERFORMANCE 25 TABLE 3. Feed intake, body weight gain, and feed:gain of broilers at 1 to 42 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN FEED INTAKE BODY WEIGHT FEED:GAIN TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g) GAIN (g) (g/g) T ,893 2, T ,830 2, T ,751 1, T ,540 1, CV (%) Ochratoxin (+) 2,646 1, Ochratoxin ( ) 3,862 2, HSCAS (+) 3,185 1, HSCAS ( ) 3,322 1, Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O sorption of mycotoxins is probably due to variation in the structure of adsorbents and mycotoxins, as adsorption is a function of ion and/ or molecule exchange between these substances. It should be noted that even for aflatoxins there are differences in adsorption related to variation in ph, density, volume and pore diameter, and surface area of the binding material [17]. Although some studies demonstrated that dietary aluminosilicates might have negative influence on performance, Morris et al. [18], similarly to the present study, did not observe any change in productivity indexes of birds fed only aluminosilicate in the diet. Total protein serum levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.01) at 18 d of age in broilers exposed to ochratoxin (Table 4). This finding is probably related to protein synthesis inhibition or reduction promoted by this mycotoxin [19]. Although the mechanism of protein synthesis inhibition is still not fully understood, ochratoxin probably interferes in the synthesis of enzymes by competitively inhibiting phenylalanine-trna [20]. Ochratoxin also disturbs calcium homeostasis, inhibiting ATP produc- TABLE 4. Serum biochemical values of total protein (TP), Ca, and P and enzyme activities of aspartate amino transferase (AST) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in broilers at 18 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN TP Ca P AST GGT TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g/dl) (mg/dl) (mg/dl) (U/mL) (U/mL) T ± ± ± ± ± 3.1 T ± ± ± ± ± 3.8 T ± ± ± ± ± 2.7 T ± ± ± ± ± 2.1 Ochratoxin (+) Ochratoxin ( ) HSCAS (+) HSCAS ( ) Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O
5 26 JAPR: Research Report TABLE 5. Relative weights of liver, kidney, and bursa of Fabricius in broilers at 21 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN LIVER KIDNEY BURSA OF FABRICIUS TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g/100 g BW) (g/100 g BW) (g/100 g BW) T T T T CV (%) Ochratoxin (+) Ochratoxin ( ) HSCAS (+) HSCAS ( ) Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O tion in the mitochondria, suggesting that protein synthesis inhibition is also a consequence of a constraint in the synthesis of aminoacyltrna due to a lower availability of ATP [21]. In this experiment, there was a reduction (P < 0.01) in the serum levels of Ca and P in 18-d-old birds exposed to dietary ochratoxin (Table 4). According to Kubena et al. [15], this finding may be due to lower feed intake, but it must also be taken into account that the nutrient absorption capacity of the gastrointestinal tract is reduced in these birds. Serum levels of AST and GGT were statistically high (P < 0.01) in birds fed the diet with ochratoxin (Table 4). High GGT levels are related to liver lesions observed in birds exposed to ochratoxin [21]. AST enzyme is associated to the process of glyconeogenesis, which is increased in cases of ochratoxicosis [22]. Glyconeogenesis is described as a special form of glucose synthesis under low availability of exogenous nutrients or of reduced use of nutrients in the diet. In cases of ochratoxicosis, glyconeogenesis is probably due to lower avail- TABLE 6. Relative weights of liver, kidney, and bursa of Fabricius in broilers at 42 d of age HSCAS A OCHRATOXIN LIVER KIDNEY BURSA OF FABRICIUS TREATMENT (%) (ppm) (g/100 g BW) (g/100 g BW) (g/100 g BW) T T T T CV (%) Ochratoxin (+) Ochratoxin ( ) HSCAS (+) HSCAS ( ) Ochratoxin (O) HSCAS (A) A O
6 SANTIN ET AL.: BROILER PERFORMANCE 27 ability of enzymes and to metabolic alkalosis, which results from ion and glucose losses due to kidney lesions. The interference of HSCAS in the TP serum levels is not reported in the literature. Some aluminosilicates may decrease Ca and Cl serum levels in broilers [23]. According to Shryock et al. [24], certain aluminosilicates may chemically interact with many diet components, promoting their adsorption. Therefore, it is possible that the studied aluminosilicate might have adsorbed some dietary micronutrients involved in the molecular cycle of protein synthesis, reducing their absorption by the birds and conse- quently interfering in their biochemical levels in the birds sera. Macroscopic and relative weight changes in the livers and kidneys of birds exposed to ochratoxin in the present experiment are comparable to those described in the literature on ochratoxicosis [25, 26]. Liver had higher relative weights, a yellowish color, and was friable at palpation, and the kidneys were pale and also had higher relative weights (Table 5 and 6). The bursa of the Fabricius did not show significant changes in relative weight (P > 0.05) in birds exposed to ochratoxin in the feed. The inclusion of HSCAS in the feed did not affect the relative weight of these organs. CONCLUSIONS AND APPLICATIONS 1. Ochratoxin negatively influenced feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion in broilers. 2. Ochratoxin reduced serum levels of TP, Ca, and P and increased serum levels of AST and GGT in broilers. 3. Ochratoxin increased the relative weights of livers and kidneys of broilers. 4. The HSCAS used in this study did not reduce the harmful effects of ochratoxin. REFERENCES AND NOTES 1. Gibson, R.M., C.A. Bailey, L.F. Kubena, W.E. Huff, and R.B. Harvey, Impact of L-phenylalanine supplementation on the performance of three-week-old broilers fed diets containing ochratoxin A. 1. Effects on body weight, feed conversion, relative organ weight, and mortality. Poult. Sci. 69: Hesseltine, C.X., Global significance of mycotoxins. Pages 1 18 in Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins. S. Natori, K. Hashimoto, and Y. Ueno, ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 3. Page, R.K., G. Stewart, R. Wyatt, P. Bush, O.J. Fletcher, and J. Brown, Influence of low levels of ochratoxin A on egg production, egg-shell stains, and serum uric acid levels in Leghorn-type hens. Avian Dis. 24: Singh, G.S.P., H.V.S. Chauhan, G.H. Jha, and K.K. Singh, Immunosuppression due to chronic ochratoxicosis in broiler chicks. J. Comp. Pathol. 103: Kubena, L.F., R.B. Harvey, T.D. Phillips, D.E. Corrier, and W.E. Huff, Diminution of aflatoxicosis in growing chickens by dietary addition of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate. Poult. Sci. 69: Galvano, F., A. Pietri, T. Bertuzzi, A. Piva, L. Chies, and M. Galvano, Activated carbons: In vitro affinity for ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol and relation of adsorption ability to physicochemical parameters. J. Food Prot. 61: Huff, W.E., L.F. Kubena, R.B. Harvey, and T.D. Phillips, Efficacy of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to reduce the individual and combined toxicity of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A. Poult. Sci. 71: National Reserch Council, Nutrient equirements of domestic animals. Nutrient Requeriments of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. Natl. Acad. Sci., Washington, DC. 9. Soares, L.M., and D.B. Rodriguez-Amaya, Survey of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, and steringmatocystin in some Brazilian foods by using multi-toxin thin-layer chromatographic method. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 72: Manning, R.O., and R.D. Wyatt, Toxicity of Aspergillus ochraceus contaminated wheat and different chemical forms of ochratoxin A in broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 63: LabQuest, Campinas, SP, Brazil. 12. Phillips, T., L. Kubena, R. Harvey, D.R. Taylor, and N. Heidelbaurgh, Hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate: A high affinity sorbent for aflatoxin. Poult. Sci. 67: Scheideler, S.E., Effects of various types of aluminosilicates and aflatoxin B1 on aflatoxin toxicity, chick performance, and mineral status. Poult. Sci. 72: Bailey, R.H., L.F. Kubena, R.B. Harvey, S.A. Buckley, and G.E. Rottinghaus, Efficacy of various inorganic sorbents to reduce toxicity of aflatoxin and T-2 toxin in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 77: Kubena, L.F., R.B. Harvey, W.E. Huff, D.E. Corrier, T.D. Phillips, and G.E. Rottinghaus, Influence of ochratoxin A and T-2 toxin singly and in combination on broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 68: Kubena, L.F., R.B. Harvey, R.H. Bailey, S.A. Buckley, and G.E. Rottinghaus, Effects of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (T-Bind ) on mycotoxicosis in young broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 77: Taylor, D.R., Mycotoxin binders: What are they and what makes them work? Feedstuffs 18: Morris, C.M., Y.C. Li, D.R. Ledoux, A.J. Bermudez, and G.E. Rottinghaus, Effects of multiple mycotoxins and calcium aluminosilicate in poults. Poult. Sci. 77(Suppl. 1):S132. (Abstr.) 19. Corrier, D.E., Mycotoxicosis: Mechanisms of immunosuppression. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 30:73 87.
7 28 JAPR: Research Report 20. Ueno, Y., Biochemical mode of action of mycotoxins. Pages in Mycotoxins and Animal Foods. J.E. Smith, R.S. Henderson, ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 21. Gentles, A., E.E. Smith, L.F. Kubena, E. Duffus, P. Johnson, J. Thonson, R.B. Harvey, and T.S. Edrington, Toxicological evaluations of cyclopiazonic acid and ochratoxin A in broilers. Poult. Sci. 78: Verma, R.J., and M. Shalini, Hyperglycemia induced in rabbits exposed to ochratoxin. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 60: Keçeci, T., H. Oguz, V. Kurtoglu, and O. Demet, Effects of polyvinylpolypyrrolidone, synthetic zeolite and bentonite on serum biochemical and haematological character of broiler chickens during aflatoxicosis. Br. Poult. Sci. 39: Shryock, T.R., P.R. Klink, R.S. Readnour, and L.V. Tonkinson, Effect of bentonite incorporated in a feed ration with Tilmicosin in the prevention of induced Mycoplasma gallisepticum airsacculitis in broiler chickens. Avian Dis. 38: Huff, W.E., R.D. Wyatt, T.L. Tucker, and P.B. Hamilton, Ochratoxicosis in the broiler chicken. Poult. Sci. 53: Burns, R.B., and P. Dwivedi, The natural occurrence of ochratoxin A and its effects in poultry. A review. Part II. Pathology and immunology. World s Poult. Sci. 42: ACKNOWLEDGMENT The authors thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Proc. No. 99/ ) for their financial support.
Instituto Internacional de Investigación Animal, Querétaro, México, 2 Avimex, México, INTRODUCTION
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A COMMERCIAL HYDRATED SODIUM CALCIUM ALUMINOSILICATE TO REDUCE THE TOXICITY OF AFLATOXIN AND OCHRATOXIN IN BROILER CHICKS. A. Casarin 1, M. Forat 1, E. Soto 2, M. Contreras*
More informationSafety of Improved Milbond-TX Mycotoxin Binder When Fed to Broiler Breeders above Recommended Levels
International Journal of Poultry Science 13 (10): 597-601, 2014 ISSN 1682-8356 Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2014 Safety of Improved Milbond-TX Mycotoxin Binder When Fed to Broiler Breeders
More informationEffects of a Calcium Bentonite Clay in Diets Containing Aflatoxin when Measuring Liver Residues of Aflatoxin B 1 in Starter Broiler Chicks
Toxins 2015, 7, 3455-3464; doi:10.3390/toxins7093455 Article OPEN ACCESS toxins ISSN 2072-6651 www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins Effects of a Calcium Bentonite Clay in Diets Containing Aflatoxin when Measuring
More informationEffects of a Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate (T-Bind )on Mycotoxicosis in Young Broiler Chickens 1
Effects of a Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate (T-Bind )on Mycotoxicosis in Young Broiler Chickens 1 L. F., KUBENA,*,2 R. B. HARVEY,* R. H. BAILEY,* S. A. BUCKLEY,* and G. E. ROTTINGHAUS *USDA, Agricultural
More informationThe Influence and Control of Mycotoxins in Feed Industry
1 1 2 2 1 200240 2 201200 The Influence and Control of Mycotoxins in Feed Industry CHEN Feng, Li Zhixian, Li Taixiang (1. School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai
More informationMYCOTOX Õ and aflatoxicosis in quails
British Poultry Science Volume 46, Number 4 (August 2005), pp. 520 524 MYCOTOX Õ and aflatoxicosis in quails A. S EHU, S. ÇAKIR 1,Ö. CENG_IZ 2 AND D. ES S_IZ 3 Veterinary Faculty, Department of Animal
More informationDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
Performance of Commercial Laying Hens when Six Percent Corn Oil Is Added to the Diet at Various Ages and with Different Levels of Tryptophan and Protein 1 R. S. Antar, R. H. Harms, 2 M. Shivazad, 3 D.
More informationEFFICACY OF DIETARY SODIUM BENTONITE AGAINST SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURE TO DIETARY AFLATOXIN IN BROILERS
Bull Vet Inst Pulawy 50, 107-112, 2006 EFFICACY OF DIETARY SODIUM BENTONITE AGAINST SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURE TO DIETARY AFLATOXIN IN BROILERS GOKHAN ERASLAN, DINC ESSIZ 1, MEHMET AKDOGAN 3, ERDAL KARAOZ 4,
More informationThe Additional Effects of Aflatoxin and T-2 Toxin Combination on Commercial Broilers: I: Effects on Performance Parameters and Internal Organs
Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 6(4): 549-553, 2011 ISSN 1816-9112 549 ORIGINAL ARTICLES The Additional Effects of Aflatoxin and T-2 Toxin Combination on Commercial Broilers: I: Effects
More informationVarious Impacts of Mycotoxins on Turkey Health and Performance
Journal of Food Science and Engineering 8 (2018) 97-101 doi: 10.17265/2159-5828/2018.02.006 D DAVID PUBLISHING Various Impacts of Mycotoxins on Turkey Health and Performance Radka Borutova Nutriad International,
More informationMycotoxin Lesions in the Slaughter House-Broilers
Mycotoxin Lesions in the Slaughter House-Broilers SPECIAL NUTRIENTS, INC. THE MYCOTOXINS SPECIALIST www.mycotoxin.com INTRODUCTION Traditionally, the presence of mycotoxins capable of causing damage in
More informationEfficacy of a Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate to Ameliorate the Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin in Broiler Chicks 1
Efficacy of a Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate to Ameliorate the Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin in Broiler Chicks 1 D. R. LEDOUX,*,2,3 G. E. ROTTINGHAUS,*,4 A. J. BERMUDEZ,*,4 and M. ALONSO-DEBOLT *Fusarium\Poultry
More informationENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH. Evaluation of the Efficacy of Bentonite from the South of Argentina to Ameliorate the Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin in Broilers
ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH Evaluation of the Efficacy of Bentonite from the South of Argentina to Ameliorate the Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin in Broilers C.A.R. Rosa,* R. Miazzo, C. Magnoli, M. Salvano, S. M.
More informationMETABOLISM AND NUTRITION. Comparison of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and yeast cell wall on counteracting aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks
METABOLISM AND NUTRITION Comparison of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate and yeast cell wall on counteracting aflatoxicosis in broiler chicks J. Zhao, 1 R. B. Shirley, 2 J. D. Dibner, F. Uraizee,
More informationAL-Qadisiya Journal of Vet.Med.Sci. Vol./9 No./2 2010
A study the effect of supplementation vitamin and dietary calcium on: I- Some productive performance in two different strains of broiler chicks under heat stress conditions A. L. D. AL- Khauzai K.N.Tahir
More informationEFFICACY OF A COMMERCIAL PURIFIED PHYLOSILICATE IN PREVENTING FUMONISIN TOXICITY IN FINISHING PIGS. INTRODUCTION
EFFICACY OF A COMMERCIAL PURIFIED PHYLOSILICATE IN PREVENTING FUMONISIN TOXICITY IN FINISHING PIGS. C. A. Mallmann 1, P. Dilkin 1, L.Giacomini 1, R.H. Rauber 1, D. Zaviezo 2 and J. Garcia-Sirera* 2 1 Universidade
More informationVOL. 5, NO. 5, May 2015 ISSN ARPN Journal of Science and Technology All rights reserved.
Growth, Nutrient Digestibility of Broilers fed Aflatoxin Contaminated Diets with Aflatoxin Binders 1 A. D. Ologhobo, 2 E. O. Ewuola, 3 U. U. Jerome, 4 U. O. Franca, 5 O. Ifarajimi 1, 2,3,4,5 Poultry Research
More informationStudy on efficacy of diatomaceous earth on growth parameters in experimental ochratoxicosis in broiler chickens
2018; 3(1): 10-14 ISSN: 2456-2912 VET 2018; 3(1): 10-14 2018 VET www.veterinarypaper.com Received: 03-11-2017 Accepted: 04-12-2017 VP Anand Veterinary Officer, Veterinary Hospital, Mangalagatti, Tahsil-
More informationTHE EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN APPEARANCE IN THE FEEDSTUFFS UPON THE POULTRY PRODUCTION
ANALELE UNIVERSITATII DIN ORADEA FASCICULA: ECOTOXICOLOGIE, ZOOTEHNIE SI TEHNOLOGII DE INDUSTRIE ALIMENTARA, VOL. VI, ANUL 6, 2008 THE EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN APPEARANCE IN THE FEEDSTUFFS UPON THE POULTRY
More informationTHE EFFECT OF CHRONIC FEEDING OF DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL, T-2 TOXIN, AND AFLATOXIN ON PERFORMANCE, HEALTH, AND ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN CHICKS
2001 Poultry Science Association, Inc. THE EFFECT OF CHRONIC FEEDING OF DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL, T-2 TOXIN, AND AFLATOXIN ON PERFORMANCE, HEALTH, AND ANTIBODY PRODUCTION IN CHICKS D. SKLAN, 1 E. KLIPPER, and
More informationMYCOTOXICOSIS. Disease related to one or more mycotoxins. Mycotoxin - "mycos" - mold, toxic metabolite
MYCOTOXICOSIS Disease related to one or more mycotoxins Mycotoxin - "mycos" - mold, toxic metabolite Produced by filamentous fungi while growing on substrate such as feedstuffs and litter. Deleterious
More informationDr. Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte FINAL REPORT. January 14, 2011
Dried distiller grains with soluble (DDGS) in poultry diets and manure phosphorus content - implications for feeding strategies to decrease phosphorus loading Dr. Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte FINAL REPORT
More informationAnalytical Aspects of Mycotoxin Binders
Fusarium-toxin Forum of 1-2 February 2010 1 Joint Research Centre (JRC) Analytical Aspects of Mycotoxin Binders Anna Kolossova & Joerg Stroka http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ Overview Fusarium-toxin Forum
More informationEffects of Prolonged Administration of Aflatoxin B 1 and Fumonisin B 1 in Laying Japanese Quail
Effects of Prolonged Administration of Aflatoxin B 1 and Fumonisin B 1 in Laying Japanese Quail R. Ogido,* C. A. F. Oliveira,,1 D. R. Ledoux, G. E. Rottinghaus, B. Corrêa, P. Butkeraitis,* T. A. Reis,
More informationDISTILLERS GRAINS IN POULTRY DIETS
DISTILLERS GRAINS IN POULTRY DIETS S. Noll, V. Stangeland, G. Speers and J. Brannon University of Minnesota Anticipation of increased supplies of distiller s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in the Midwest
More informationEVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A COMMERCIAL PURIFIED PHYLOSILICATE TO REDUCE THE TOXICITY OF ZEARALENONE+DEOXYNIVALENOL IN GILTS.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF A COMMERCIAL PURIFIED PHYLOSILICATE TO REDUCE THE TOXICITY OF ZEARALENONE+DEOXYNIVALENOL IN GILTS. K. Bond 1, C. K. Maune 1, J. R. Stoltz 1, R. J. Malone 1 and D. Zaviezo*
More informationCounteracting Effect of High Grade Sodium Bentonite during Aflatoxicosis in Broilers
J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (2012) Vol. 14: 539-547 Counteracting Effect of High Grade Sodium Bentonite during Aflatoxicosis in Broilers M. Manafi 1 ABSTRACT The effects of Aflatoxin (AF) (0.0 and 0.5m g kg -1
More informationThe Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1
The Relationship of Calcium Intake, Source, Size, Solubility In Vitro and In Vivo, and Gizzard Limestone Retention in Laying Hens 1 BINGFAN ZHANG and CRAIG N. COON2 Department of Animal Science, University
More informationDETERMINATION OF MYCOTOXIN FROM FEED SAMPLE BY THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY
Indo-Am. J. Agric. & Vet. Sci., 2014 Ashok Kumar ISSN D and 2321 9602 E Sunil anand www.iajavs.com Kumar, 2014 Vol. 2, No. 1, March 2014 2014 Meghana Publications. All Rights Reserved Research Paper DETERMINATION
More informationProSid TM. Making a difference in fighting mould problems. Feed additives that give key benefits
ProSid TM Making a difference in fighting mould problems Feed additives that give key benefits Strong effect against mould Broad spectrum of activity Preserve full nutritional value of feed Adsorption
More informationEffects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses
Effects of Trace Mineral Source on Growth and Mineral Balance in Yearling Horses T.L. Naile, S.R. Cooper, D.W. Freeman, and C.R. Krehbiel Story in Brief Sixteen yearling Quarter Horses were used in a split-plot
More informationEFFECT OF SUBLETHAL DOSE OF PENICILLIC ACID TOXICITY ON GROWTH, IMMUNITY AND LYMPHOID ORGANS IN BROILER CHICKENS ABSTRACT
EFFECT OF SUBLETHAL DOSE OF PENICILLIC ACID TOXICITY ON GROWTH, IMMUNITY AND LYMPHOID ORGANS IN BROILER CHICKENS 1 N. PAZHANIVEL*, C. BALACHANDRAN, 3 B.MURALI MANOHAR, 4 G.DHINAKARRAJ, 5 V.BALAKRISHNAN
More information0.3. Post-albumin. (p<0.05)
B B B Total globulins GPT Post- albumin B 0. 0. B 0 Pre- (p
More informationComparative effects of inorganic and organic selenium. sources on performance, eggshell quality and egg selenium
Comparative effects of inorganic and organic selenium sources on performance, eggshell quality and egg selenium content of laying hens M. Yousefi* and H. Sari Department of Animal Science, Islamic Azad
More informationIntroduction. Hypothesis
Introduction Effects of Feeding Babcock B300 Laying Hens Conventional Sanfandila Layer Diets Compared to Diets Containing 10% Norgold DDGS on Performance and Egg Quality Corn distiller s dried grains with
More informationPrevention of Mycotoxicosis in Poultry
Prevention of Mycotoxicosis in Poultry Aflatoxin B1 Ochratoxin A Fumonisin B1 Trichothecenes: T-2 DAS DON Aflatoxins are mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The most toxic
More informationUse of Distiller s s Dried Grains plus Solubles in Poultry Feeding Trials at the University of Georgia. University of Georgia
Use of Distiller s s Dried Grains plus Solubles in Poultry Feeding Trials at the University of Georgia Amy B. Batal Poultry Science Department University of Georgia Introduction Distillers dried grains
More informationENVIRONMENT, WELL-BEING, AND BEHAVIOR. Efficacy of Sodium Bentonite as a Detoxifier of Broiler Feed Contaminated with Aflatoxin and Fumonisin
ENVIRONMENT, WELL-BEING, AND BEHAVIOR Efficacy of Sodium Bentonite as a Detoxifier of Broiler Feed Contaminated with Aflatoxin and Fumonisin R. Miazzo,* M. F. Peralta,* C. Magnoli, M. Salvano, S. Ferrero,
More informationThe Effect of Feeding Starter Diets for Different Periods on Performance of Broilers
The Effect of Feeding Starter Diets for Different Periods on Performance of Broilers Baha Eddin Abu-Bakr Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
More informationThis is a refereed journal and all articles are professionally screened and reviewed
Advances in Environmental Biology, 5(13): 3861-3865, 2011 ISSN 1995-0756 3861 This is a refereed journal and all articles are professionally screened and reviewed ORIGINAL ARTICLE Feeding of Clay Materials
More informationPathological effects of Ochratoxin A in brain, heart and lung of chicks
Al-Anbar J. Vet. Sci., Vol.: 4 No. (2), 2011 ISSN: 1999-6527 Pathological effects of Ochratoxin A in brain, heart and lung of chicks F. A. Jameel College of Veterinary Medicine\ University of Baghdad Abstract
More informationEfficacy of natural zeolite and pigments on yolk color and performance of laying hens
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10(16), pp. 3237-3242, 16 April, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.1713 ISSN 1684 5315 2011 Academic Journals Full Length
More informationAccepted 27 may, 2010
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(26), pp. 4127-4131, 28 June, 2010 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/ajb ISSN 1684 5315 2010 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper Efficacy
More informationMycotoxin challenge in aquaculture feed. Maarten Jay van Schoonhoven, Aqua Care Manager Olmix
Mycotoxin challenge in aquaculture feed Maarten Jay van Schoonhoven, Aqua Care Manager Olmix mjvanschoonhoven@olmix.com THE MYCOTOXIN CHALLENGE Challenges of using plant ingredients Proteins of plant origin:
More informationDevelopment and Evaluation of a New Precision-Fed Chick Assay for Determining Amino Acid Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Feed Ingredients
Development and Evaluation of a New Precision-Fed Chick Assay for Determining Amino Acid Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Feed Ingredients C.M. Parsons University of Illinois 1207 W. Gregory Drive
More informationCounteractive Effects of Mycotoxin Adsorbent and Aspergillus parasiticus on Broilers Performance Traits
Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 6(4): 567-571, 2011 ISSN 1816-9112 567 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Counteractive Effects of Mycotoxin Adsorbent and Aspergillus parasiticus on Broilers Performance
More informationAlternative Feeding Regimen of Calcium Source and Phosphorus Level for Better Eggshell Quality in Commercial Layers
2003 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Alternative Feeding Regimen of Calcium Source and Phosphorus Level for Better Eggshell Quality in Commercial Layers H. A. Ahmad 1 and R. J. Balander 2 Center for
More informationMycotoxins and Poultry Health Natacha S. Hogan
Mycotoxins and Poultry Health Natacha S. Hogan Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Outline Fusarium
More informationCalcium and phosphorus requirements for maximized growth in modern market poults. A. M. Pospisil and J. D. Latshaw. Introduction
Calcium and phosphorus requirements for maximized growth in modern market poults A. M. Pospisil and J. D. Latshaw Introduction Nutrient requirements are expressed in concentrations of the diet. The concentration
More informationTrue Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles
2006 Poultry Science Association, Inc. True Metabolizable Energy and Amino Acid Digestibility of Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles A. B. Batal 1 and N. M. Dale Department of Poultry Science, University
More informationEFFECT OF DIATOMACEOUS EARTH ON PERFORMANCE, INTERNAL ORGANS AND BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN T-2 TOXICOSIS OF BROILER CHICKENS
Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 15(2) 4983-4988 (2015) (Available online at www.tcrjournals.com) ISSN: 0973-0028; E-ISSN: 0974-0910 Original Article EFFECT OF DIATOMACEOUS EARTH ON PERFORMANCE,
More informationSupplemental vitamin E and selenium effects on egg production, egg quality, and egg deposition of α-tocopherol and selenium
2010 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Supplemental vitamin E and selenium effects on egg production, egg quality, and egg deposition of α-tocopherol and selenium S. E. Scheideler,* 1 P. Weber,* and D.
More informationACTA VET. BRNO 2011, 80: ; doi: /avb
ACTA VET. BRNO 2011, 80: 287 292; doi:10.2754/avb201180030287 The effect of feeding a diet naturally contaminated with deoxynivalenol on production traits and selected biochemical indicators of broiler
More informationTwo experiments were conducted to determine the influence of synthetic lysine
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 RUNNING TITLE: METHIONINE+CYSTEINE/LYSINE RATIO TITLE: Effects of Added Synthetic Lysine on Second Cycle Commercial Leghorns While Maintaining
More informationCalcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs
Calcium Digestibility and Requirements for Digestible Calcium by Growing Pigs Hans H. Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Phone: (217) 333-0013 hstein@illinois.edu
More informationEvaluation of the Effect of Mycotoxin Binders in Animal Feed on the Analytical Performance of Standardised Methods for
Evaluation of the Effect of Mycotoxin Binders in Animal Feed on the Analytical Performance of Standardised Methods for the Determination of Mycotoxins in Feed Follow-up study A. Kolossova, J. Stroka, A.
More informationFEED ADDITIVES FOR MYCOTOXIN DETOXIFICATION EFFICACY & AUTHORISATION
FEED ADDITIVES FOR MYCOTOXIN DETOXIFICATION EFFICACY & AUTHORISATION This article provides an overview of the different types of additives intended for use in animal feed for mycotoxin detoxification,
More informationMPRP Annual Report (January 2012)
MPRP Annual Report (January 2012) Further Evaluation of a New Precision-Fed Chick Assay for Determining Amino Acid Digestibility and Metabolizable Energy of Feed Ingredients C.M. Parsons University of
More informationAlternative Ingredients for Poultry Turkeys
Alternative Ingredients for Poultry Turkeys Sally Noll, Ph.D 1364 Eckles Avenue University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN 55108 Office phone: 612-624-4928 FAX: 612-625-5789 nollx001@umn.edu Alternative ingredients
More informationEffect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the performance and serum variables of broiler chickens intoxicated with aflatoxin B 1
97 Effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the performance and serum variables of broiler chickens intoxicated with aflatoxin B 1 M. Denli 1#, F. Okan 1 and F. Doran 2 1 Çukurova University, Agricultural
More informationEfficacy of Herbal Lysine Supplementation on Broiler Performance
doi: 10.5958/2231-6744.2016.00078.5 Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition Efficacy of Herbal Lysine Supplementation on Broiler Performance C. Kathirvelan *, M.R. Purushothaman, S.R. Janani and S. Banupriya
More informationBroiler performance in response to different methionine levels
Journal of Agricultural Technology 2013 Vol. 9(6):1399-1404 Journal of Agricultural Available Technology online http://www.ijat-aatsea.com 2013 Vol. 9(6):1399-1404 ISSN 1686-9141 Broiler performance in
More informationLysine Requirements of Native Chicken, Hinai-jidori (Rhode Island
Lysine Requirements of Native Chicken, Hinai-jidori (Rhode Island Takayuki MURAMOTO*, Shinobu FUJIMURA, Motoni KADOWAKI and Teru ISHIBASHI Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University,
More informationAnti-Mycotoxin Additives
Anti-Mycotoxin Additives EFFICACY OF MYCOAD AGAINST AFLATOXIN IN LAYERS EXPERIMENTAL PROTOCOL Caged ISA Brown layers already in production were transferred from a commercial farm to an experimental unit
More informationPathology of Lymphoid Organs in Chlorpyriphos and T-2 Toxin Fed Broiler Chicken
International Journal of Poultry Science 6 (1): 71-76, 2007 ISSN 1682-8356 Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007 Pathology of Lymphoid Organs in Chlorpyriphos and T-2 Toxin Fed Broiler Chicken
More informationMycotoxin Testing Solutions
Mycotoxin Testing Solutions Mycotoxin Testing Solutions DON Fumonisin We Stand Behind Our Results AFLATOXIN is considered by many to be the most potent naturally-occurring carcinogen known. It has been
More informationAflatoxin Material Properties
Aflatoxin Material Properties Aflatoxin is a kind of mycotoxin that was discovered from the mass poisoning of turkeys in UK in 1960, and has strong carcinogenicity. The typical mold that produces this
More informationEFFICACY AGAINST MOLDS
01999 Applied Poultq Science. lac. EFFICACY AGAINST MOLDS OF SEVERAL ORGANIC ACIDS CARRIE HIGGINS and FlUEDHELM BlUNKHAUS' Research & Development Department, Kemin Indusbies, Inc., 2100 Maury Street, Des
More informationUse of nonlinear programming to determine the economically optimal energy density in laying hens diet during phase 2
2011 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Use of nonlinear programming to determine the economically optimal energy density in laying hens diet during phase 2 M. Afrouziyeh,* 1 M. Shivazad, M. Chamani, G.
More informationTHE QUALITY OF EGGSHELLS IN HENS THAT PRODUCE EGGS FOR CONSUMPTION (GOC) AND WERE FED WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND PHYTASE
THE QUALITY OF EGGSHELLS IN HENS THAT PRODUCE EGGS FOR CONSUMPTION (GOC) AND WERE FED WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND PHYTASE Marcel ROŞU 1, Horea SĂRĂNDAN 2, Violeta TURCUȘ 3, Radu SĂRĂNDAN
More informationUse of Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles in Growing-finishing Diets of Turkey Hens
International Journal of Poultry Science (6): 389-393, 003 Asian Network for Scientific Information 003 Use of Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles in Growing-finishing Diets of Turkey Hens Kevin D. Roberson
More informationThe Effects of Different Levels of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes Powder on Productive Performance Characteristics of Laying Hens
The Effects of Different Levels of Ginger and Turmeric Rhizomes Powder on Productive Performance Characteristics of Laying Hens Moeini, M. M 1. Malekizadeh, M., Sh. Ghazi Abstract : This study was conducted
More informationDietary biotin supplementation does not alleviate the development of footpad dermatitis in broiler chickens
2012 Poultry Science Association, Inc. Dietary biotin supplementation does not alleviate the development of footpad dermatitis in broiler chickens Ö. Cengiz,* 1 J. B. Hess, and S. F. Bilgili * Department
More informationAisha Khatoon 1, Muhammad Zargham Khan 1, Ahrar Khan 1,* and Ijaz Javed 2
Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 53(4), 977-984; 2016 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906 DOI: 10.21162/PAKJAS/16.5573 http://www.pakjas.com.pk TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL AND SERUM BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS
More informationUse of Deoiled DDGS in Poultry. S. L. Noll, Ph.D. Professor and Poultry Extension Specialist
Use of Deoiled DDGS in Poultry S. L. Noll, Ph.D. Professor and Poultry Extension Specialist Corn DDGs in poultry diets Initially lack of information on cddgs restricted dietary use Use increased as information
More informationSUPPLEMENTATION OF L-CARNITINE AND PAYLEAN IMPROVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN A COMMERCIAL FINISHING FACILITY
Swine Day 2002 SUPPLEMENTATION OF L-CARNITINE AND PAYLEAN IMPROVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF PIGS IN A COMMERCIAL FINISHING FACILITY B. W. James, M. D. Tokach, R. D. Goodband, J. L. Nelssen, S. S. Dritz 1,
More informationEffect of Aflatoxicosis on Hatching Egg Quality Parameters of Broiler Breeders
Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 6(4): 525-529, 2011 ISSN 1816-9112 525 ORIGINAL ARTICLES Effect of Aflatoxicosis on Hatching Egg Quality Parameters of Broiler Breeders Milad Manafi Department
More informationEffect of experimental feed additives on aflatoxin in milk of dairy cows fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2012.01311.x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Effect of experimental feed additives on aflatoxin in milk of dairy cows fed aflatoxin-contaminated diets L. Kissell 1,2, S. Davidson 1, B. A. Hopkins
More informationEfficiency of Utilization of Dietary Phosphorus By Caged Turkey Breeder Hens When Fed Rations Supplemented With Live Yeast Culture
POULTRY NUTRITION Efficiency of Utilization of Dietary Phosphorus By Caged Turkey Breeder Hens When Fed Rations Supplemented With Live Yeast Culture R.H. Thayer, R.F. Burkitt, R.D. Morrison and E. E. Murray
More informationOPTIFEED POULTRY. Introduction to the consumption of solid feed (starter)
OPTIFEED POULTRY Introduction to the consumption of solid feed (starter) Optifeed Poultry: principle Behavior management with sense of smell: Feeding behavior Stress reactions 2 ways: Use of molecules
More informationRevista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola ISSN: X Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas.
Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola ISSN: 1516-635X revista@facta.org.br Fundação APINCO de Ciência e Tecnologia Avícolas Brasil Faitarone, ABG; Garcia, EA; Pizzolante, CC; Molino, AB; Pelícia, K; Berto,
More informationDDGS IN POULTRY DIETS DOES IT MAKE SENSE
DDGS IN POULTRY DIETS DOES IT MAKE SENSE Sally Noll, Ph.D 1364 Eckles Avenue University of Minnesota St. Paul, MN 5518 Office phone: 612-624-4928 FAX: 612-625-5789 nollx1@umn.edu Distiller grains with
More informationExp Research Report. Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high
Exp. 582 Research Report Digestibility of energy and concentration of digestible and metabolizable energy in high protein and conventional DDGS fed to growing pigs. C. D. Espinosa and H. H. Stein University
More informationEffects of Ratios of Essential Amino Acids to Nonessential Amino Acids in Low Protein Diet on Nitrogen Excretion and Fat Deposition of Broiler Chicks
Effects of Ratios of Essential Amino Acids to Nonessential Amino Acids in Low Protein Diet on Nitrogen Excretion and Fat Deposition of Broiler Chicks Makoto YAMAZAKI, Hitoshi MURAKAMI and Masaaki TAKEMASA
More informationToxic Effects of Ochratoxin A on Calcium Metabolism during Chick Embryo Developmentand in Hatched Chicks ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION
Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science Revista Brasileira de Ciência Avícola ISSN 1516-635X Jul - Sept 2017 / v.19 / n.3 / 371-376 Toxic Effects of Ochratoxin A on Calcium Metabolism during Chick Embryo
More informationQuality Grain Management Effects on the Feed Industry. Ben Weaver Regional Account Manager
Quality Grain Management Effects on the Feed Industry Ben Weaver Regional Account Manager Topics to Cover What are mycotoxins How are they created What effects do mycotoxins have on animals when consumed
More informationEffects of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin combination on performance, biochemical and immune status of commercial broilers
Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916 Available at www.veterinaryworld.org/vol.6/nov-2013/24.pdf RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Effects of ochratoxin and T-2 toxin combination on performance, biochemical and
More informationEvaluation of limit feeding varying levels of distillers dried grains with solubles in non-feed-withdrawal molt programs for laying hens
Evaluation of limit feeding varying levels of distillers dried grains with solubles in non-feed-withdrawal molt programs for laying hens L. Mejia, E. T. Meyer, D. L. Studer, P. L. Utterback, C. W. Utterback,
More informationIMMUNOLOGY, HEALTH, AND DISEASE. Effects of Prolonged Oral Administration of Aflatoxin B 1 and Fumonisin B 1 in Broiler Chickens
IMMUNOLOGY, HEALTH, AND DISEASE Effects of Prolonged Oral Administration of Aflatoxin B 1 and Fumonisin B 1 in Broiler Chickens M. Del Bianchi,* C. A. F. Oliveira,,1 R. Albuquerque, J. L. Guerra, and B.
More informationEffect of probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii on experimental ochratoxicosis in broilers: hematobiochemical studies
J. Vet. Sci. (2004),G5(4), 359 367-2851$/ 2) 9HWHULQDU\ 6FLHQFH Effect of probiotic containing Saccharomyces boulardii on al ochratoxicosis in broilers: hematobiochemical studies S. B. Agawane*, P. S.
More informationPakistan Veterinary Journal
Pakistan Veterinary Journal ISSN: 253-8318 (PRINT), 274-7764 (ONLINE) Accessible at: www.pvj.com.pk Pathological Effects of Aflatoxin and Their Amelioration by Vitamin E in White Leghorn Layers Wajid A
More informationKey Words: Enzyme, Metabolizable Energy, Pigs
2000 Animal Science Research Report Effects of Hemicell Addition to Corn-Soybean Meal Diets on Energy and Nitrogen Balance in Growing Pigs Pages 117-122 L.A. Pettey, S.D. Carter and B.W. Senne Story in
More informationThe Effects of Feeding MIN-AD and Sodium Bicarbonate on Early Lactation Performance of Dairy Cattle
D-3.0-06/04 The Effects of Feeding MIN-AD and Sodium Bicarbonate on Early Lactation Performance of Dairy Cattle Abstract To determine the effects of MIN-AD on early lactation performance, 56 pregnant primi-
More informationEnergy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine
Energy utilization of reduced oil-dried distillers grains with solubles (RO-DDGS) in swine Brian J. Kerr,* Thomas E. Weber,* and Michael E. Persia *USDA-ARS-NLAE, Ames, Iowa 011; and Iowa State University,
More informationEffects of Aflatoxin on the Performance of Broiler Breeders and Its Alleviation through Herbal Mycotoxin Binder
J. Agr. Sci. Tech. (2013) Vol. 15: 55-63 Effects of Aflatoxin on the Performance of Broiler Breeders and Its Alleviation through Herbal Mycotoxin Binder M. Manafi 1, and H. Khosravinia 2 ABSTRACT This
More informationExamination of potential interactions between methods of coccidiosis control and nutrition in broilers
Examination of potential interactions between methods of coccidiosis control and nutrition in broilers J.S. RENNIE 1 and R.A.H.M. TEN DOESCHATE 2 1 Schering Plough Animal Health, Harefield, Uxbridge, UB9
More informationEffects of mycotoxin-contaminated diets and deactivating compound in laying hens: 2. Effects on white shell egg quality and characteristics
Effects of mycotoxin-contaminated diets and deactivating compound in laying hens: 2. Effects on white shell egg quality and characteristics J. T. Lee,* 1 K. A. Jessen,* R. Beltran, V. Starkl, G. Schatzmayr,
More informationL. E. Phillip, M.V. Simpson, E. S. Idziak H and S.F. Kubow*
Ruminal and metabolic effects of pure lignin in sheep fed low and high fibre diets. L. E. Phillip, M.V. Simpson, E. S. Idziak H and S.F. Kubow* Introduction Previous studies with cattle indicated that
More informationCHICKEN CROP MICROSCOPY 707
CHICKEN CROP MICROSCOPY 707 B. Chawan, 1973. Bovine G.I. tract mucosa studied Pritchard, P. J., 1972. Digestion of sugars in the crop. with SEM. J. Dairy Sci. 56: 1381. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 43A: 195-205.
More informationImproved performance of Cobb 500 birds fed increased amino acid density in Wheat or Maizebased
Improved performance of Cobb 500 birds fed increased amino acid density in Wheat or Maizebased diets D. PARKER 1 *, R. SHIRLEY 1, M. VAZQUEZ-AÑÓN 1, C. KNIGHT 1, L. AZEVEDO 1 and A. MARANGOS 2 1 Novus
More information