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1 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 THE SCIENCE LLR-G

2 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 ORGANIC SILICON G5 Established in 1999, LLR-G5 quickly took hold of the Organic Silicon market with its range of Organic Silicon G5 supplements. LLR-G5 consistently invests in high calibre research and development of their products. Collaboration with several groups of international scientists have ensured the advancement of its worldwide reputation and expertise in Organic Silicon and making LLR-G5 market leaders in Silicon Supplements. Silicon in the Environment Silicon is an element of the periodic table that sits below carbon and has atomic number 14. Silicon is always found with oxygen. Together they are the most common elements in our environment forming over 50% of the elements of the earth s crust. Silicon and Health: It s all about Connective Tissue Health Silicon is one of the essential elements of living materials and, after iron and zinc, is the third most abundant trace element in the human body. Silicon is found in all cells and tissues but is especially prevalent in connective tissues. Connective tissue is a vital component for the health of every organ throughout the body. Connective tissue makes up a variety of physical structures including joints, cartilage, bones, skin (nails and hair) and blood vessels including the heart. Therefore, organs require silicon to restore or conserve their health and equilibrium but with the ageing process the concentration of silicon present in the organs diminishes in a seemingly irreversible manner. 2

3 Dietary Silicon and Connective Tissue Health LA SCU TU RE VA RTILAGE CA and its smooth, elastic motion. Collagen gives strength and flexibility to connective tissue which, in turn, gives health and wellbeing to all organs of the body from the brain through to skin and bones. Collagen fibres, collagen structure - intertwined. ND IR A SK IN HA BONES JOINTS NAILS What is Silicon actually doing? Silicon deficiency negatively affects organs and tissues containing collagen. It s still not perfectly understood how or why this occurs, but the silicon atom appears to sit inside the collagen, perhaps acting as glue for individual collagen fibres. Overall the collagen structure, like the famous DNA molecule, is coiled into a spring, giving cells and organs their elasticity and easy gliding movements. Silicon may therefore be vital to the springy structure of collagen Procollagen Subunit Tripple Helix (collagen fibril) Collagen fiber (collagen bundle) What real evidence is there to show that Silicon helps the human body? Silicon and skin Scientists have published a great deal of convincing evidence regarding silicon and health over the past 50 years. A scientific study has shown Silicium Organique G5 LLR-G

4 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 gel significantly improves skin health in 78% of subjects after using G5 gel twice daily for 28 days [1]. Specifically: The skin s condition in terms of brightness and firmness was enhanced in over 80% of subjects. 66% of respondents noted a marked increase in the skin s hydration and a further 74% in smoothness. validated skin health questionnaires after 28 days of regular application of Silicium Organique G5 gel alongside their regular skin care regime. The results reported above are all to a certainty of greater than 99.9% (ie p < 0.001). Volunteers who reported improvement The skin s facial pores and blemishes were reduced in about two-thirds of all women. 66% IMPROVED HYDRATION 84% 82% IMPROVED SKIN S BRIGHTNESS IMPROVED SKIN S FIRMNESS The study tested the potential benefit of Silicium Organique G5 gel on the skin of healthy women. Sixty female subjects between the ages of 25 and 70 years old were studied and all had apparently healthy skin. The study was designed in conjunction with, and conducted by, a global independent research organisation. The research was conducted according to the Colipa (Cosmetics Europe) guidelines for the evaluation of the efficacy of cosmetic products. The female volunteers completed detailed and independently 74% IMPROVED SKIN S SMOOTHNESS 66% LESS VISIBLE WRINKLES 74% IMPROVED SKIN S SUPPLENESS 64% IMPROVEMENT OF SKIN S PORES 66% IMPROVED APPEARANCE OF SKIN S BLEMISHES 78% OVERALL IMPROVEMENT AFTER USING G5 GEL Ref.1 Allard, S. G5 gel efficacy claims study report. Ayton Global Research, 2013; United Kingdom. 4

5 Lassus showed that silicon supplementation over 90 days of treatment led to a marked increase in skin thickness and elasticity: i.e. the skin became more elastic and younger looking [2] Again, like dietary silicon, organic silicon proves beneficial to skin. A study from 2007 shows the elasticity of the skin, i.e. the youth of the skin is also increased when using MMST compared to a placebo [3]. The study was of the forearms of 7 healthy volunteers with moderate photoaged skin using supplemental organic silicon over 10 weeks. An increase in the density of collagen and elastin fibres in skin with silicon treatment was shown. The Relationship between Silicon and Skin Total Skin thickness (mm) Epidermal thickness (mm) Treatment (days) Treatment (days) 65 Dermal thickness (mm) Elasticity Index (%) Treatment (days) Treatment (days) Ref. 2: Lassus J Int Med Res 1993 LLR-G

6 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 80 Silicon and Skin health The relationship between silicon intake and bone mineral density Collagen Fibers (rel unit) Placebo Si Elastin Fibers (rel unit) Placebo Si Adjusted BMD (g/cm2) at total HIP Si intake (mg/day) Ref. 3: Herreros et al., Arch Dermatol Res 2007 Silicon and Bone Dietary Silicon Study In 2004 the world s top journal for research into health and disease of bone (JBMR) published a research article from Harvard University, Cambridge (UK) and London (UK) looking at the association between dietary silicon intake and bone health in several thousand people [4]. For men and for pre-menopausal women a marked increase in the density (and therefore health) of the bone that correlated to their silicon intake was evident. For post - menopausal women, there was no such effect. Men Pre-menopausal women Post-menopausal women Ref. 4: Jugdaohsingh et al., Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (JBMR) 2004 Data from Jugdaohsingh et al (JBMR 2004), showing how the percentage increase in the bone mineral of the hip (trochanter site) varies with increasing units of 5 mg dietary silicon per day [4]. The apparent block for post menopausal women had been overcome by organic silicon supplementation in several previous studies. The reason for these differences, it turns out, is due to the presence of the hormone estrogen. It s very low levels in post menopausal women seems to block the effects of silicon. This study was carried out 6

7 using silicon from the diet, and a question that the researchers have since asked is whether higher levels of silicon could overcome this block? In fact, as we shall see a little later, doctors had already shown that Organic Silicon did indeed overcome this block and improved bone mineral density in older women (and men). Organic Silicon MMST MMST Voie orale As for dietary silicon, strong effects have been shown in the scientific literature for the increase in bone density using Organic Silicon, MMST [4]. Importantly, however, these effects were also observed in postmenopausal women where dietary silicon alone failed. Study 1 dates to 1979, which showed that 70% of subjects increased their hip bone volume with Organic Silicon as opposed to a placebo [5]. Placebo Study 2 also showed a marked increase in the hip bone density and the vertebrae [6]. MMST Voie intramusculaire Increase in bone volume (% of patients) % change in femoral BMD Placebo 4.7 MMST Voie intramusculaire Voie orale Ref. 5: Schiano et al., Revue du Rhumatisme 1979 Réf. 6: Eisinger & Clairet Magnesium Res 1993 LLR-G

8 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 Organic Silicon: What is it and why is it special? Organic Silicon is also commonly referred to as MMST and is the active moiety of G5. MMST stands for monomethylsilanetriol. In fact, the molecule looks very like natural, dietary derived silicon (which is orthosilicic acid ) but with one small but important difference. For Organic Silicon, a hydroxide group (that is oxygen plus hydrogen) has been replaced by a methyl group (that is carbon plus three hydrogens). A simple chemical representation of the molecule can be seen below: The Carbon (C)-Silicon (Si) linkage is one of very, very high energy and it also imparts some special characteristics to the molecule. This can be observed when one looks at the electric charge or energy surrounding the MMST molecule. On the right side of the above molecule, the calculated energy field is a mixture of red (negative charge), green (neutral) and blue (positive charge): in other words with varying polarity which makes it look like, and behave like, water. On the left side of the molecule, however, the area is all green (neutral) which means that on this side it behaves like a lipid (an oil). As a result, this molecule travels in water and also through lipid/oil, which is important in the body, because each cell is made up of 2 things: water and the lipid membranes around and in the cell. MMST therefore has the ability to pass into cells and travel around the body and so acts as a really efficient delivery system for silicon. This is referred to as an amphiphilic molecule *. 8

9 However, in its natural environment, the molecule is surrounded always by water; the water molecule sits adjacent to the MMST molecule: they pack together and therefore the correct concentration and ph is required to achieve the packing of the water molecules. In homeopathic medicine, memory is believed to be carried through the medium in this fashion. *Amphiphilic is a term that refers to the ability of a molecule to be both soluble (dissolved) in water and oil. It is unusual and allows molecules to travel through the water based blood stream of the body but equally across the oil based membranes of cells. Organic Silicon: How well is it assimilated by the human body? A comparative study on the absorption of silicon published in the British Journal of Nutrition, and carried out on human volunteers at St. Thomas Hospital in London, confirmed the very high bioavailability of Organic Silicon. This study used Organic Silicon G5, manufactured by LLR-G5 and showed that absorption of Si was high (circa 60% overall and up to 70% in some individuals)- the variation perhaps being related to individual s requirements. Serum Si (µg/l) Time (h) LLR-G

10 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 The absorption of Organic Silicon G5, into the blood stream, and as shown above, is considerably higher than for other known silicon supplements [7]. Indeed, the research shows the human body assimilates Organic Silicon G5 at least four times better than other known supplemental forms. For example, when Organic Silicon G5 is compared to Colloidal (Choline Stabilised) and mineral silica, they in comparison are poorly absorbed in the body, as they are made up of mineral particles that are difficult to break down in the gut. Only approximately 2% of Mineral Silica is assimilated and 15% of Colloidal silica is assimilated. There is also no evidence that these forms are carried into cells, unlike for Organic Silicon G5. The most recent research from the same group has shown that Organic Silicon G5 is not only very easily absorbed by the body, but also metabolised to biological silicon ( orthosilicic acid ). Absorption by the human body % Si absorption Réf. 7: Sripanyakorn et al., Bri J Nutr 2009 Silice minérale Silice colloïdale LLR-G5 Prior to undertaking this research the group confirmed the very high purity of Organic Silicon G5 manufactured by LLR-G5 Ireland [8]. These latest findings were presented at the 11th International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine in Cambridge in 2011 and will be published in full in the scientific literature. 10

11 References: 1. Allard, S. G5 gel efficacy claims study report. Ayton Global Research, 2013; United Kingdom. 2. Lassus A. Colloidal silicic acid for oral and topical treatment of aged skin, fragile hair and brittle nails in females. Journal of International Medical Research, 1993; 21(4): Herreros F, Cintra M, Adam R, Machade de Moraes A, Konradin M. Remodeling of the human dermis after application of salicylate silanol. Archives of Dermatological Research, 2007; 299: Jugdaohsingh R, Tucker KL, Qiao N, Cupples LA, Kiele DP, Powell JJ. Dietary silicon intake is positively associated with bone mineral density in men and pre-menopausal women of the Framingham Offspring cohort. Journal of Bone and Medical Research, 2004; 19: Schiano A, Eisinger F, Detelle P, Laponche AM, Brisou B, Eisinger J. Silicum, tissue osseux et immunité. Revue du Rhumatisme, 1979; 46: Eisinger J, Clairet D. Effects of silicon, fluoride, etidronate and magnesium on bone mineral density: a retrospective study. Magnesium Research, 1993; 6: Sripanyakom S, Jugdaosingh R, Dissayabutr W, Anderson SHC, Thompson RPH, Powell JJ. The comparative absorption of silicon from different foods and food supplements. British Jounal of Nutrition, 2009; 102: Jugdaohsingh R. Assessment of the toxicology and safety of chronic monomethyl silanetriol administration in the rat. 11th International Symposium on Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine, 2011; Cambridge. LLR-G

12 SILICIUM ORGANIQUE G5 LLR-G5 Ltd., Golden Mile Ind. Park, Breaffy Rd., Castlebar, Co. Mayo, Ireland. T: F: E: W: LLR-G

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