MURILLO José M., CABRERA Francisco, LÓPEZ Rafael, VÁZQUEZ Benjamín.
|
|
- Gordon Dean
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Scientific registration nº 385 Symposium nº 40 Presentation: poster Humic amendment derived from alpechin compost. A worthwhile liquid organic fertilizer Amendement humique obtenu à partir du compost d alpechin. Un fertilisant organique liquide intéressant MURILLO José M., CABRERA Francisco, LÓPEZ Rafael, VÁZQUEZ Benjamín. Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS - CSIC), P.O.Box Seville, Spain. INTRODUCTION The production of olive oil in Andalucía (S Spain) is ca. 20 of the total from the Mediterranean region. The olive oil processing industry produces alpechín (a wastewater) at a rate of ca L kg -1 of olive (ca m 3 year -1 ). The disposal of alpechín is a serious problem because of its high organic load and salt content. Since in 1981, the Spanish Government prohibited the discharge of alpechín into the rivers and subsidized the construction of ponds for its storage and drying, around 1000 evaporation ponds have been constructed in Andalucía (Cabrera et al. 1997). The olive mill sludge obtained from ponds can be composted with other plant residues to produce a high quality compost for agriculture (Cabrera et al., 1990). A liquid humic amendment may also be obtained from the alpechín compost by further moistening and fermentation. The present study deals with the effect of this humic amendment (Fertiormont ) on growth and nutritional status of a ryegrass and on selected soil properties after the experiment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The assay was carried out in a greenhouse, using pots of about 1.5 kg of dry soil. The first horizon of a light yellowish-brown sandy clay loam Xerochrept typical of SW Spain (ph 7.9, CaCO 3 25, OM 0.5) was used as a substrate, after grinding to a particle size of 2mm. The liquid humic amendment Fertiormont (F, Table 1) was used as organic fertilizer. A complex 15N-15P 2 O 5-15K 2 O inorganic fertilizer was mixed with the soil (0.32 g fertilizer/pot) to establish four fertilizing treatments: irrigation with deionized water (inorganic fertilizer treatment, IF), and irrigation with solutions of water/f at ratios of 1/200, 1/100 and 1/25 (LF, MF and HF treatments, respectively). Soil without any fertilizer was used as a control (treatment C). The sowing was set up with 1g of seeds per pot of Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Tewera. Three replicates per treatment (15 pots in total), randomly arranged in a complete block design, were established. Six irrigations 1
2 per pot were carried out to complete a total amount of 700ml of deionized water or the corresponding F solution. Table 1. Analysis of Fertiormont (F) Electrical conductivity (ds m -1 ) 11.6 Total P ( ) 1100 Dry matter (, w/w) 41.7 Total K ( ) Ashes (, w/w) 6.6 Total Ca ( ) 2200 Organic matter (, w/w) 35.0 Total Mg ( ) 500 Total humic extract (, w/w) 29.2 Total Fe ( ) 3670 Humic acids (, w/w) 1.5 Total Cu( ) 3.5 Fulvic acids (, w/w) 27.7 Total Mn ( ) 34 N-Kjeldahl (, w/w) 0.96 Total Zn ( ) 8.0 C/N ratio 12.3 Total Na ( ) 900 Ryegrass was harvested three times at monthly intervals from sowing, recording plant fresh and dry weight for each pot (by drying at 70 o C for 48 h). After grinding, plant material was analyzed for N-Kjeldahl, and mineral elements were analyzed following dry ashing and dissolution in HCl as described by Jones et al. (1991). After the last ryegrass harvest, a germination bioassay for cress (Lepidium sativum L.) and ryegrass was set up using 3g soil from each treatment (40 moisture) in Petri dishes (5.5 cm diameter) lined with a filter paper (Whatman no. 1) (Murillo et al., 1995). Five dishes per treatment and species (five seeds per dish) were randomly arranged in the dark at room temperature. Germinated seeds and root length were recorded after 48 h, and a germination index (GI) was obtained for each species by multiplying the germination percentage by the root length percentage divided by 100. The soil of each treatment was analyzed for ph and electrical conductivity (soil:water ratio of 1:5), oxidizable organic matter (OM), N-Kjeldahl, P-Olsen, K-acetate (ph 7), and DTPA extractable Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu (Lindsay and Norvell, 1978). The soil of C, IF, and HF treatments was also analyzed for urease, phosphatase, arylsulphatase, β-glucosidase, and dehydrogenase activities (Tabatabai, 1982). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The total humic extract of F, ca. 30, is twofold the minimum established by Spanish legislation (BOE nº 146, 19/06/91) for a product to be considered a liquid humic amendment. However, despite its promising effects on plant growth and soil properties, it might be advisable to try to increase its humic acids concentration, which is only 1.5 (Table 1). The accumulation of F in the soil (leaching was prevented) had a positive effect on ryegrass growth. The dry matter yielded in the third cut in the MF and HF treatments was significantly greater than that of the IF treatment. The HF treatment yielded the maximum total dry matter production, the differences with those of the other treatments being strongly significant (P << 0.05). In addition, F accumulation tended to increase plant moisture content, not only in relation to the control (C), but also in relation to the IF treatment (Table 2). This would be a consequence of the enhanced plant nutrient uptake, especially N (Bailey, 1973), resulting from F application. 2
3 Table 2. Mean values per pot of dry matter (DM) and moisture (M) of ryegrass Treatment 1st cut 2nd cut 3rd cut Total DM DM (g) M () DM (g) M () DM (g) M () (g) C 0.39 a 88.4 a 0.62 a 80.4 a 0.12 a 82.6 a 1.13 a IF 1.50 b 90.1 b 0.94 b 85.5 b 0.22 ab 84.2 ab 2.66 b LF 1.46 b 90.2 b 0.92 b 87.2 cb 0.30 bc 85.4 ab 2.69 b MF 1.40 b 90.5 b 0.90 b 88.2 cd 0.41 c 87.3 b 2.59 b HF 1.47 b 90.3 b 1.42 c 89.4 d 1.01 d 87.4 b 3.89 c Ryegrass N and K increased in the F treatments from the first cut, compared with the C and IF treatments; Ca and Na showed in general the opposite trend. The most surprising effect was on the Mn concentration, which exceeded four times that of the control in treatment HF (2nd and 3rd cuts, Table 3). Magnesium concentration (data not shown) showed in general little variation between treatments. Table 3. Ryegrass analysis (mean values from dry matter) Treatment N P K Ca Na Fe Mn Zn Cu 1st cut C 1.72 a 0.19 a 4.87 a 1.13 c 0.39 b 161 b 99 a 65 b 11 a IF 2.35 b 0.37 b 5.97 b 0.98 b 0.41 b 118 a 75 a 25 a 11 a LF 2.35 b 0.38 b 7.24 c 0.90 a 0.25 a 131 a 166 b 146 c 12 a MF 2.37 b 0.36 b 7.14 c 0.87 a 0.25 a 121 a 219 cb 65 b 11 a HF 2.41 b 0.26 a 6.96 c 0.94 b 0.24 a 161 b 269 c 47 b 12 a 2nd cut C 0.71 a 0.13 a 2.83 a 1.96 c 0.17 b 108 a 118 a 14 a 5.3 a IF 1.07 b 0.32 b 4.36 b 1.44 b 0.13 a 285 ab 159 a 32 b 26 b LF 1.40 c 0.43 d 5.56 c 1.54 b 0.10 a 377 b 420 b 42 cb 25 b MF 1.70 d 0.45 d 5.92 d 1.26 b 0.12 a 274 ab 545 c 45 c 32 b HF 2.24 e 0.39 c 6.89 e 0.93 a 0.11 a 183 a 539 c 39 cb 28 b 3rd cut C 1.06 a 0.18 a 2.03 a 1.35 b 0.28 b 50 a 82 a 45 a 9.0 a IF 1.06 a 0.33 b 3.20 b 2.16 c 0.32 b 282 c 159 b 47 a 9.0 a LF 1.38 b 0.36 c 4.19 c 1.60 b 0.25 a 301 c 187 b 44 a 6.0 a MF 1.63 c 0.51 d 4.49 c 0.99 a 0.29 a 120 b 196 b 69 b 10 b HF 1.88 d 0.38 c 5.86 d 0.79 a 0.24 a 122 b 328 c 110 c 12 b Values followed by the same letter in the same column (for each cut) do not differ significantly (P < 0.05). From Tables 2 and 3, it can be deduced that the HF treatment led to a strong synergism in the uptake of N, K, and Mn (and Zn in the 3rd cut), since their concentrations and accumulations increased (significantly, in general, in comparison with the other treatments) at the same time as the biomass increased. In the case of P and Ca, a dilution effect could be present, with Na and Fe showing the same tendency. Except for Na and Zn, the HF treatment yielded the highest above-ground nutrient accumulations (Table 4), N, K, and Mn generally showing the greatest increases. 3
4 Nitrogen, K, and Mn (besides OM, P, and Fe) were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the soil by the HF treatment, compared with the other treatments (Table 5). This, among other factors, could influence the observed enhanced plant nutrient uptake. Except for P, LF and MF treatments also tended to increase the above mentioned soil parameters, compared with the C and IF treatments, the differences being significant in same cases. Table 4. Total nutrient accumulations per pot in ryegrass (three cuts, mean values from dry matter) Treatment N P K Ca Na Fe Mn Zn Cu C 12.4 a 1.8 a 38 a 18.2 a 2.9 a 0.14 a 0.12 a 0.04 a 0.01 a IF 47.6 b 9.3 b 138 b 33.0 b 8.1 c 0.51 b 0.30 a 0.26 b 0.04 b LF 51.3 b 10.7 b 170 b 32.1 b 4.8 b 0.63 c 0.69 b 0.26 b 0.04 b MF 55.0 b 11.3 b 172 b 27.3 b 5.8 b 0.47 b 0.88 b 0.16 b 0.05 b HF 81.1 c 13.3 c 259 c 35.2 b 6.3 b 0.62 c 1.50 c 0.24 b 0.07 c Table 5. Soil analysis after application of the treatments Treatment OM NKjeldhal POlsen Kacetate Fe-DTPA Mn-DTPA Zn-DTPA Cu-DTPA C 0.90 a a 1.4 a 125 a 4.09 a 11.9 ab 10.6 a 1.59 a IF 0.98 ab a 4.5 a 117 a 4.83 a 10.5 a 9.4 a 1.61 a LF 1.08 bc ab 5.0 ab 125 a 6.72 b 13.6 bc 15.6 b 1.81 b MF 1.19 dc b 4.3 a 163 a 8.65 c 14.2 c 14.9 b 1.69 ab HF 1.30 d c 8.7 b 462 b 24.30d 20.9 d 14.0 b 1.81 b It was also interesting that a high accumulation of F in the soil (HF treatment), significantly increased (P < 0.05) some soil enzyme activities in the treated soil (Table 6). Soil enzymes play an important role in soil microbial ecology by catalyzing innumerable reactions in soils, and considerable interest and effort has been devoted to including soil enzyme activities as a soil fertility and soil quality index (Dick, 1994). It has been verified that selected soil enzymes activities may correlate with crop yields better than does the sole microbial enumeration, although this relationship might be expected to be stronger in unmanaged or low-input systems. As pointed out by Dick (1994), high amounts of external inputs of nutrients and water can greatly stimulate plant growth without a corresponding response by soil microorganisms, and he cited an example in which soil respiration and enzyme activity increased in manure-amended soil, but soils amended with inorganic fertilizer showed lower biological activity. 4
5 Table 6. Soil enzyme activities for C (control), IF (inorganic fertilizer), and HF (high dose of F) treatments (µg g -1 h -1 ) Treatment Urease Phosphatase Arylsulphatase β-glucosidase Dehydrogenase C 125 a 50.3 a 99.7 b 34.9 a 2.15 a IF 101 a 79.1 b 11.0 a 47.4 a 1.13 a HF 141 a 90.2 c 122 c 114 b 9.50 b Treatment IF tended to decrease the assayed soil enzyme activities (Table 6), with a significant difference compared with C treatment in the case of arylsulphatase activity. However, despite the presence of the inorganic fertilizer, a high input of F restored (and significantly exceeded compared with IF and C treatments) all the assayed enzyme activities. This is important in connection with the increasing pressure for a judicious combination of mineral fertilizers with locally available organic sources to be used in a sustainable agriculture (Sequi, 1996). In the parameters analyzed in this study, the only potential constraint derived from the noticeable F accumulation in the soil was a significant increase in EC. HF treatment yielded an EC of 325 ds m -1, significantly greater (P < 0.05) than those of C (261 ds m -1 ), IF (264 ds m -1 ), LF (276 ds m -1 ), and MF (279 ds m -1 ). Electrical conductivity has frequently been included in the minimum data sets established for monitoring soil quality (Larson and Pierce, 1994), and, of course, soil fertility. Taking into account that F is a product with high EC and Na content (Table 1), the latter parameter being a better guide because determination of EC in organic products may be somewhat erratic, and its value may be strongly affected by products other than phytotoxics, F-treatment soils were used for a germination bioassay. This was carried out using not only ryegrass Tewera, but also cress (Lepidium), the latter species because of its sensitivity to toxic substances and its speed of germination (International Seed Testing Association, ISTA, 1985; Zucconi et al., 1985). The soil of C and IF treatments were also assayed for comparison (Table 7). Despite the increase in soil electrical conductivity caused by the HF treatment, germination and main root length of cress and ryegrass were not affected, showing that F, either applied at a high rate or heavily accumulated in the soil, does not affect critical parameters related to soil quality. Symptoms of toxicity are more pronounced at an early stage of root growth, and can cause root shortening, even at low concentrations (Zucconi et al., 1985). In this assay, the root length of ryegrass was basically the same in all treatments, and in the case of cress, the root length was even enhanced to a some extent by HF treatment (Table 7). In both cases, the GI values of treatments including F were similar to or greater than those of the control, and much greater than 60, the level at which the toxic phase of organic matter is considered to be terminated (Zucconi et al., 1985). In the case of cress, the presence of F seemed to overcome some depressant effect of the IF treatment. 5
6 Table 7. Cress (Lepidium) and ryegrass germination bioassays in the soil of the different treatments (GI, germination index). Species Treatment Germination of control Root length mm Root length of control GI Cress C 100 a 9.8 b IF 90 a 4.2 a LF 140 a 7.2 ab MF 120 a 7.2 ab HF 90 a 10.3 b Ryegrass C 100 a 3.8 a IF 200 a 4.1 a LF 160 a 4.5 a MF 120 a 4.7 a HF 180 a 4.3 a Values followed by the same letter in the same column (for each species) do not differ significantly (P < 0.05). The high dose of F applied in this experiment may be excessive for agricultural purposes, because the aim of an appropriate organic fertilizer management, in relation to N, is to maximize its apparent recovery fraction (Harmsen, 1984), through reducing losses and increasing the N availability to the crops. This fraction generally decreases with increasing rates of fertilizer applied (Harmsen, 1984), which could imply an increased risk of NO 3 -N pollution of groundwaters. In this experiment, the apparent recovery fraction for N (data not shown) decreased from 0.73 in IF treatment to 0.21 in HF treatment, reaching a reasonable value, 0.46, in LF treatment. Thus, it seems that a continuous, but judicious, application of F (for example, in fertigation) could enhance soil properties and plant nutrition in the long term, although soil Na should be periodically monitored. As pointed out above, an increase in the humic fraction of F would be desirable. REFERENCES Bailey, R.W Water in herbage. In: Chemistry and Biochemistry of Herbage (Eds. G.W. Buttler and R.W. Bailey), Vol 2, Acad. Press. London, UK. Cabrera, F.; López, R.; Murillo, J.M. and Breñas, M.A Olive vegetation water residues composted with other agricultural by-products as organic fertilizer. Proc. 10th World Fertilizer Congress of CIEC, , Nicosia, Cyprus. Cabrera, F.; López, R.; Martín-Olmedo, P. and Murillo, J.M Aprovechamiento agronómico de composts de alpechín. Fruticultura Profesional, 88 (special issue: Olivicultura II), Dick, R.P Soil enzyme activities as indicators of soil quality. In: Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment (Eds. J.W. Doran; D.C. Coleman; D.F. Bezdicek 6
7 and B.A. Stewart), SSSA Special Publication no. 35, , SSSA, ASA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Harmsen, K Nitrogen fertilizer use in rainfed agriculture. Fertilizer Research, 5, International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) International rules for seed testing. Rules Seed Sci. Technol. 13, Jones, J.B. Jr.; Wolf, B. and Mills, M.A Plant Analysis Handbook. Micro-Macro Publishing, Athens, Georgia, USA. Larson, W.E. and Pierce, F.J The dynamics of soil quality as a measure of sustainable management. In: Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment (Eds. J.W. Doran; D.C. Coleman; D.F. Bezdicek and B.A. Stewart), SSSA Special Publication no. 35, 37-51, SSSA, ASA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Lindsay, W.L. and Norvell, W.A Development of a DTPA soil test for Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 42, Murillo, J.M.; Cabrera, F.; López, R. and Martín-Olmedo, P Testing low-quality urban composts for agriculture: germination and seedling performance of plants. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 54, Sequi, P The role of composting in sustainable agriculture. In: The Science of Composting (Eds. M. De Bertoldi, P. Sequi, B. Lemmes and T. Papi), Part 1, 23-29, Blackie Academic & Professional, London, UK. Tabatabai, M.A Soil Enzymes. In: Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties (Eds. A.L.Page; R.H. Miller and D.R.Keeney), Agronomy no. 9, , ASA, SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Zucconi, F.; Monaco, A.; Forte, M and De Bertoldi, M Phytotoxins during the stabilization of organic matter. In: Composting of Agricultural and other Wastes (Ed. J.K.R. Gasser), 73-86, Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, London, UK. Keywords: humic amendment, raygrass growth, nutrients, chemical properties Mots clés: amendement humique, raygrass, croissance, nutrition, propriétés chimiques 7
TSADILAS Christos, SAMARAS Vasilios, SIMONIS Asterios, SETATOU Helen
Scientific registration n o : 776 Symposium n o : 6 Presentation : poster Changes in DTPA-extractable iron, zinc, manganese and copper after liming Modification de la teneur du sol en fer, zinc, manganèse,
More informationReceived: 4 th April-2014 Revised: 24 th May-2014 Accepted: 26 th May-2014 Research article
Received: 4 th April-2014 Revised: 24 th May-2014 Accepted: 26 th May-2014 Research article BIOCHAR EFFECTS ON COPPER AVAILABILITY AND UPTAKE BY SUNFLOWER IN A COPPER CONTAMINATED CALCAREOUS SOIL Mina
More informationScientific registration n o : 2303 Symposium : 25 Presentation : poster
Scientific registration n o : 2303 Symposium : 25 Presentation : poster Evaluation of nutrients availability and metals toxicity by different universal extractants in brazilian soils 1 Evaluation de la
More informationUtilization of Slop Ash as a Source of Potassium for Corn Grown on the Pakchong Soil Series
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 44 : 17-23 (2010) Utilization of Slop Ash as a Source of Potassium for Corn Grown on the Pakchong Soil Series Pimolsiri Supasatienchai 1, Jongruk Chanchareoook 1 * and Ed Sarobol
More informationThe 1 th International and The 4 th National Congress on Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture April 2012 in Isfahan, Iran
PERIODIC MUNICIPAL COMPOST AND SEWAGE SLUDGE APPLICATION ON ACCUMULATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SOIL AND PLANTS Ali R. Marjovvi 1,* and Moslehedin Rezaei 1 1 Soil and Water Department, Isfahan Agricultural
More informationSoil Testing Options in High Tunnels. Bruce Hoskins University of Maine anlab.umesci.maine.edu
Soil Testing Options in High Tunnels Bruce Hoskins University of Maine hoskins@maine.edu anlab.umesci.maine.edu High Tunnel Project Yields (avg. yield ~ 3000 lb/1000 sq. ft. => 65 tons/a) Calculated (lb/a)
More informationInorganic Contaminants
Inorganic Contaminants Dr Stephen R Smith Dept Civil & Environmental Engineering Page 1 Scope of Presentation Sources and concentrations Qualifying environmental limits Phytotoxicity Dietary intake Grain
More informationUnderstanding a Soil Report
Understanding a Soil Report AGRONOMY SOIL ANALYSIS 1. Soil ph Soil ph is a measure of the acidity in the soil. An acidic soil has a greater amount of hydrogen (H+) ions and a ph below 7.0. Values above
More informationScientific registration number: 2271 Symposium n o : 25 Presentation : poster. OLIVEIRA Fernando Carvalho (2) ; MATTIAZZO Maria Emilia (2)
Scientific registration number: 2271 Symposium n o : 25 Presentation : poster Copper, Nickel and Zinc availability to corn plants in acid soils amended with sewage sludge (1) Disponibilité en cuivre, en
More informationAVAILABLE Cd CONTENT OF SALT AFFECTED AND NORMAL SOILS OF HALASTRA KALOHORI AREA
Global NEST Journal, Vol 9, No 3, pp 195-200, 2007 Copyright 2007 Global NEST Printed in Greece. All rights reserved AVAILABLE Cd CONTENT OF SALT AFFECTED AND NORMAL SOILS OF HALASTRA KALOHORI AREA TH.
More informationAssessment of Secondary and Micro Nutrient Status under Long-Term Fertilizer Experiment on Vertisol
Available online at www.ijpab.com Joga Rao et al Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 6 (4): 328-339 (2018) ISSN: 2320 7051 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.3068 ISSN: 2320 7051 Int. J. Pure App. Biosci.
More informationAUTHORS MWANSA MUKUKA DR. CHISHALA BENSON H. DR. MUTITI SAMUEL DR. UCHIDA YOSHITAKA APPSA CONFERENCE 6 TH NOVEMBER, 2017
EVALUATION OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF LEMON GRASS (Cymbopogon citratus) AND VETIVER GRASS (Chrysopogon zizanioides) IN LEAD CONTAMINATED SOILS AUTHORS MWANSA MUKUKA DR. CHISHALA BENSON H. DR.
More informationABREU Cleide Aparecida de (1), BERTON Ronaldo Severiano (1), KOEKKOEK Edwin Peter Josef (2)
Scientific registration number: 2207 Symposium number: 25 Presentation : poster Validation of annual and total cumulative loading limits stipulated by USEPA for Zn on oxisol. Validation des apports-limites
More informationSoil 4234 Guest Lecture
Soil 4234 Guest Lecture Soil Fertility in Potted Horticulture Crops Dr. Bruce Dunn Determine Water Quality Prior to selecting a site for a new business and periodically thereafter, test water Seasonally
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: FEEDSTOCKS COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY C10462 04/27/2018 Analyte COMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT (As is basis) Compost Test 3A (Dry weight basis) ph Soluble Salts Solids
More informationDETERMINATION OF SUITABLE CHEMICAL EXTRACTION METHODS FOR AVAILABLE IRON CONTENT OF THE SOILS FROM EDIRNE PROVINCE IN TURKEY
ORIGINAL ARTICLE DETERMINATION OF SUITABLE CHEMICAL EXTRACTION METHODS FOR AVAILABLE IRON CONTENT OF THE SOILS FROM EDIRNE PROVINCE IN TURKEY ADILOGLU A. ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to determine
More informationEffect of Fly Ash application on Microbial Population in Acid Soil
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 12 (2017) pp. 888-894 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.096
More informationUPTAKE OF MAJOR AND TRACE ELEMENTS BY GRASS BIOMASS AFTER AMELIORATION OF DEGRADED SOIL
General and Applied Plant Physiology 2010, Volume 36 (1 2), pp. 12 16 2010 ISSN 1312-8183 Published by the Institute of Plant Physiology Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Available online at http://www.bio21.bas.bg/ipp/
More informationPlant Nutrients in Mineral Soils
The Supply and Availability of Plant Nutrients in Mineral Soils Plant Nutrients in Mineral Soils Factors Controlling the Growth of Higher Plants 1. Light 2. Mechanical Support. Heat. Air 5. Water 6. Nutrients
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
Bob Watts LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: C09017 10/4/2016 Analyte COMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT (As is basis) Compost Test 3A (Dry weight basis) ph Soluble Salts Solids 56.6 % Organic Matter Total
More informationSoil Nutrients and Fertilizers. Essential Standard Explain the role of nutrients and fertilizers.
Soil Nutrients and Fertilizers Essential Standard 6.00- Explain the role of nutrients and fertilizers. Objective 6.01 Discuss macro and micro nutrients and the role they play in plant deficiencies. Macro
More informationSoil Conditions Favoring Micronutrient Deficiencies and Responses in 2001
Soil Conditions Favoring Micronutrient Deficiencies and Responses in 2001 K.A. Kelling and P.E. Speth Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin-Madison Why micronutrients now: Higher yield, therefore
More informationRemovalofToxicMetalsContaminatedSoilusingDifferentAmendmentsandSunflowerSpeciesHelianthusAnnuus
Global Journal of Science Frontier Research: H Environment & Earth Science Volume 16 Issue 2 Version 1.0 Year 2016 Type : Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals
More informationImprovement of Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency with Nitrification Inhibitors in Lowland Rice
Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2 (4): 1184-1187, 1999 Research Article Improvement of Nitrogen Fertilizer Efficiency with Nitrification Inhibitors in Lowland Rice Arafat, S.M., A. Abd El-Gal*
More informationEffect of Copper Contamination on Soil Biochemical Activity and Performance of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 45-51 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.605.006
More informationDiscuss the importance of healthy soils Soil properties, physical, chemical and biological that one can manage for soil health How organics play a
Andrew Ristvey The University of Maryland Extension programs are open to any person and will not discriminate against anyone because of race, age, sex, color, sexual orientation, physical or mental disability,
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
Analysis Report For: Copy To: Greg Gelewski OCRRA LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: FEEDSTOCKS COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY Jamesville 1/2" C06659 9/27/2013 Screened Compost Finished Compost Windrow
More informationNutritional Monitoring Series Petunias
Josh Henry 1 Brian E. Whipker 1 W. Garrett Owen 2 Nutritional Monitoring Series (Petunia atkinsiana) propagated from both seed and vegetative cuttings are considered to have a high fertilization requirement.
More informationWelcome. Greg Patterson C.C.A. President A&L Canada Laboratories
Welcome Greg Patterson C.C.A. President A&L Canada Laboratories Discussion Soil test levels Dropping P,K Organic matter levels dropping Cost of Fertilizer Increasing due to Global Demand Environmental
More informationTYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 - GRANULE (JAIVIZYME)
TYPE: ORGANIC NUTRIENTS CODE: BF4 GRANULE (JAIVIZYME) AVAILABLE: BULK, PRIVATE LABEL & BRANDS Composition Ingredient % Potassium Humate 5.00% w/w Min. Carrier Granules 95.00% w/w Max. Advantages Mode of
More informationPotential of Potassium Supply in Locally Available Soil Amendments for Use in Coconut Plantations
Journal of Food and Agriculture 2014, 7 (1 & 2): 18-24 DOI: http://doi.org/10.4038/jfa.v7i1-2.5190 Potential of Potassium Supply in Locally Available Soil Amendments for Use in Coconut Plantations H.M.I.K.
More informationSoil Organic Matter. Unit 2. Forms of Soil Organic Matter: OM OC x (assumes 30% C) (1.72 typically used as a conversion factor)
Unit 2 Soil Organic Matter OM OC x 1.7-2.0 (assumes 30% C) (1.72 typically used as a conversion factor) Histosol Alfisol Spodosol Forms of Soil Organic Matter: - dissolved (soil solution): DOM Nonliving
More informationInterpreting Soils Report. Beyond N P K
Interpreting Soils Report Beyond N P K What we will cover We will not discuss Macro Nutrients Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium. We will touch on Secondary Nutrients Magnesium, Calcium and Sulfur. We
More informationUse of A Multi-ionic Extractant to Determine Available P, K, Na, Ca, and Mg in Acid Soils of Sri Lanka
, 152-158 Use of A Multi-ionic Extractant to Determine Available P, K, Na, Ca, and Mg in Acid Soils of Sri Lanka W.S. Madurapperuma and D. Kumaragamage 1 Postgraduate Institute of Agriculture University
More informationBOTANY AND PLANT GROWTH Lesson 9: PLANT NUTRITION. MACRONUTRIENTS Found in air and water carbon C oxygen hydrogen
BOTANY AND PLANT GROWTH Lesson 9: PLANT NUTRITION Segment One Nutrient Listing Plants need 17 elements for normal growth. Carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen are found in air and water. Nitrogen, phosphorus,
More informationEffect of salinity on Cd and Zn availability
Symposium no. 33 Paper no. 08 Presentation: poster Effect of salinity on Cd and Zn availability KHOSHGOFTARMENSH A.H., JAAFARI B. and SHARIATMADARI H. Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture,
More informationUse of Soil and Tissue Testing for Sustainable Crop Nutrient Programs
Use of Soil and Tissue Testing for Sustainable Crop Nutrient Programs Kelly T. Morgan Soil and Water Science Department Southwest Florida Research and Education Center Immokalee 239 658 3400 conserv@ufl.edu
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
Analysis Report For: Copy To: Merlyn Akhtar Ulster County Resource Recovery Agency LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: FEEDSTOCKS COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY C09238 01/13/2017 Finished Compost Static
More informationEffect of Mineral and Organic Nitrogen Fertilization and K-Humate Addition on Soil Properties (Orchard Field Experiment) M.A. Eid
Effect of Mineral and Organic Nitrogen Fertilization and K-Humate Addition on Soil Properties (Orchard Field Experiment) M.A. Eid Dept. of Soil Sci., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Shobra El-Khiema,
More informationEffect of NPK and Humic Substance Applications on Vegetative Growth of Egazy Olive Seedlings
American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 11 (6): 807-811, 2011 ISSN 1818-6769 IDOSI Publications, 2011 Effect of NPK and Humic Substance Applications on Vegetative Growth of Egazy Olive Seedlings Laila
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
Analysis Report For: Copy To: Loren Martin Terra-Gro Inc LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: FEEDSTOCKS COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY C08481 032016 Proselect 4/7/2016 GWD Finished Compost Windrow Lancaster
More informationABOUT TURF FORMULA. 36% Decrease in Brown Patch 35% Increase in Root Mass 33% Nematode Reduction 73% Salt Reduction in 90 Days
ABOUT TURF FORMULA Superintendents and turfgrass managers routinely see the benefits of using Turf Formula and Super- Cal to achieve and maintain healthy greens and turf. The value of these products is
More informationMulti-K. Potassium Nitrate Products For Healthy Crops
Multi-K Potassium Nitrate Products For Healthy Crops Contents Potassium in the plant Multi-K and its advantages Nutrigation with Multi-K Foliar nutrition with Haifa Bonus Multi-K properties Multi-K products
More informationChanges in C/N ratio and some chemical properties during decomposition of hazelnut husk under field conditions
PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION Changes in C/N ratio and some chemical properties during decomposition of hazelnut husk under field conditions Rıdvan Kızılkaya 1, Tayfun Aşkın 2, Oksana Fotina 3 1 Ondokuz Mayıs
More informationEstimating Micronutrient Status and their Relationship with Other Soil Properties of Rewa District in Fiji
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 01 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.701.335
More informationEssential quality and labelling requirements. Fertilisers Working Group meeting
Essential quality and labelling requirements Fertilisers Working Group meeting 2 June 2014 This revised presentation contains the latest contributions received from Member States and industry. It does
More informationINITIAL INVESTIGATIONS OF POOR SUGARBEET AREAS. D.W. Franzen, D.H. Hopkins, and Mohamed Khan North Dakota State University INTRODUCTION
INITIAL INVESTIGATIONS OF POOR SUGARBEET AREAS D.W. Franzen, D.H. Hopkins, and Mohamed Khan North Dakota State University INTRODUCTION There have recently been grower concerns over certain poor-growing
More informationin a uniquely natural way.
T e c h n i c a l b u l l e t i n The innovative way to cultivate strong, healthy crops in a uniquely natural way. SymTRX : Nutrition Innovation Growers know the key to bountiful crops is providing essential
More informationNutritional Monitoring Series Geraniums
Josh Henry 1 Brian E. Whipker 1 W. Garrett Owen 2 Nutritional Monitoring Series (Pelargonium hortorum) require medium levels of fertilization, growing best with 150 to 200 ppm N. Optimal substrate ph values
More information1101 S Winchester Blvd., Ste. G 173 San Jose, CA (408) (408) fax Page 1 of 2
San Jose Office September 28, 2018 Report 18-262-0106 Zanker Landscape Mateirals 675 Los Esteros Road San Jose, CA 95134 Attn: Beto Ochoa RE: ZB-PPM Reaction at 7.5 is slightly alkaline and with lime absent
More informationYield and quality of cumin as influenced by FYM enriched micronutrients
International J. Seed Spices 6(1), Jan 2016: 17-24 Abstract Yield and quality of cumin as influenced by FYM enriched micronutrients S. M. Patel, A. U. Amin, S. P. Patel and B. T. Patel Center for Research
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 22 May. 17 / 24 May. 17 Davenport Compost Facility Pat Linehan P.O. Box 3606 Davenport IA 52808 Product Identification Compost Compost- Soil Builder Compost Parameters Reported as
More informationANALYSIS OF RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT CHELATED ZINC SOURCES ON MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS UPTAKE IN MOONG PLANT AND SEED (VIGNA RADIATA)
ANALYSIS OF RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT CHELATED ZINC SOURCES ON MICRO AND MACRO NUTRIENTS UPTAKE IN MOONG PLANT AND SEED (VIGNA RADIATA) Jilani A A 1 1 Department of Chemistry, St. John s College, Agra-282003
More informationHow to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili. Robert R Smith
Essential Plant Nutrients How to Develop a Balanced Program for Pecan and Chili Robert R Smith Nutrition Management Involves Knowledge of: Site/Soil characteristics and chemistry Plant requirements Cropping
More informationEffective Organic Nutrition for a Premium Crop! Powered by MICRO CARBON TECHNOLOGY PRODUCT GUIDE
Effective Organic Nutrition for a Premium Crop! Powered by MICRO CARBON TECHNOLOGY PRODUCT GUIDE 1 TABLE of CONTENTS 3 Company Overview 4 Why Fertilgold? 5 Micro Carbon Technology SOIL PRODUCTS 6 Soil
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 07 Dec. 15 / 08 Dec. 15 A-1 Organics - Colorado Bob Yost 16350 WCR 76 Eaton CO 80615 Product Identification Compost ET007 120715 ECOGRO Compost Parameters Reported as (units of measure)
More informationTrends in Micro-Nutrient Soil Test Levels in Saskatchewan Pat Flaten, PAg 1, Brandon Green, PAg 2, Paul Routledge, PAg 3
Trends in Micro-Nutrient Soil Test Levels in Saskatchewan Pat Flaten, PAg 1, Brandon Green, PAg 2, Paul Routledge, PAg 3 1 Enviro-Test Laboratories, 124 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3 2 Enviro-Test
More informationUSERS GUIDE for the. report
USERS GUIDE for the report November, 2015 INTRODUCTION: AgVita has been conducting expresssoil analyses since the mid 1990 s, being a pioneer of this method of soil analysis in Australia. This test has
More informationLime Fertilizer Interactions Affecting Vegetable Crop Production' Delbert D. Hemphill, Jr., and T. L. ABSTRACT
109 Lime Fertilizer Interactions Affecting Vegetable Crop Production' Delbert D. Hemphill, Jr., and T. L. Jackson2 ABSTRACT Experiments at the North Willamette Experiment Station have evaluated response
More informationNi and N sources (Urea and ammonium sulphate) affecting growth, yield and quality in maize plant (Zea mays)
2018; 7(3): 80-84 ISSN (E): 2277-7695 ISSN (P): 2349-8242 NAAS Rating: 5.03 TPI 2018; 7(3): 80-84 2018 TPI www.thepharmajournal.com Received: 15-01-2018 Accepted: 16-02-2018 Priyanka Pannu HM Patel PV
More informationA Brief Description of Spatial Analysis and Superimposing of Essential Elements in Pomegranate Using GIS Technique
Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp 144-148 (2018) DOI: 10.5958/0974-0228.2018.00018.X A Brief Description of Spatial Analysis and Superimposing of Essential Elements in Pomegranate
More informationInterpretation of Soil Tests for Environmental Considerations
Interpretation of Soil Tests for Environmental Considerations Ray Ward Ward Laboratories, Inc Kearney, NE www.wardlab.com Guiding Producers Today to Feed the World Tomorrow www.wardlab.com Saline County
More informationEffect of Macro & Micro Nutrients on Occurrences of Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Effect of Macro & Micro Nutrients on Occurrences of Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) K.M.S Weerasinghe [a] A.H.K Balasooriya [b] S.L Ransinghe and L.C Wijethilka
More informationPRIMARY (MACRO) NUTRIENTS
Session 8 Earth: Fertility in the forest garden Lewis McNeill May 2014 Recap on nutrients Sixteen plant food nutrients are essential for proper plant and crop development. Each is equally important to
More informationUptake Potential of Some Heavy Metals by Vetiver Grass
asetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 35 : 46-5 (21) Uptake Potential of Some Heavy Metals by Vetiver Grass Nualchavee Roongtanakiat 1 and Prapai Chairoj 2 ABSTRACT The uptake potential of upland vetiver grass (Vetiveria
More informationINTRODUCTION TO GCiC
INTRODUCTION TO GCiC Contents Who are GCiC? Product Range Approach, features and benefits Who are GCiC? Incorporated on 26 March 2014. GCiC invests in: product research novel formulations registration
More informationMiletin d.o.o., Crepaja. Flora Bečej - MK Group, Bečej. Uljarice Bačka, Ruma. Blago 4 - Treatment of sugar beet
Miletin d.o.o., Crepaja Blago 4 - Treatment of sugar beet The analysis was carried out by the Scientific Institute of Food Technology in Novi Sad. In the sample from the treated plot the digestion was
More informationCHAPTER 5 EFFECT OF POULTRY LITTER-YARD WASTE COMPOST ON CORN GROWTH AND P UPTAKE IN GREENHOUSE STUDIES ABSTRACT
CHAPTER EFFECT OF POULTRY LITTER-YARD WASTE COMPOST ON CORN GROWTH AND P UPTAKE IN GREENHOUSE STUDIES ABSTRACT Application of animal waste compost to soil can be a valuable source of P for crop production.
More informationEvaluation of integrated nutrient diagnosis techniques to enhance productivity and quality in greenhouse rose crops
Progress Report Evaluation of integrated nutrient diagnosis techniques to enhance productivity and quality in greenhouse rose crops Raul I. Cabrera, John J. Franco-Hermida and Miguel Guzman 2 Department
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 16 Jul. 18 / 18 Jul. 18 Metro Waste Authority Yuta Naganuma 300 E. Locust Street - Suite 100 Des Moines IA 50309 Product Identification Compost Compost Sample Compost Parameters
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 18 Dec. 17 / 20 Dec. 17 Central Valley Water Reclamation Facility Tom Holstrom 800 W. Central Valley Road Salt Lake City UT 84119-3379 Product Identification Compost 1/4" Screened
More informationFertility management in soybean
Fertility management in soybean Dorivar Ruiz Diaz Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management In-depth Soybean Schools 2014 Overview Considerations for soil sampling and testing. Considerations for N, P and
More informationNutrient level (EC) in a pot is like a bank
Dirt, Fert and Squirt (1) Supplying Essential Nutrients What are the most common nutritional problems? Too much fertilizer Not enough fertilizer Paul Fisher pfisher@ufl.edu 1 ph too high ph too low 2 Nutrient
More informationTrace Elements in Manure
Trace Elements in Manure Purpose: Whenever soil profiles are examined for nutrient trace elements, it has been demonstrated that the metals tend to accumulate in the topsoil. Soil properties affect plant
More informationMICRONUTRIENT PRINCIPLES
MICRONUTRIENT PRINCIPLES MGGA Convention Great Falls December 1, 2015 Clain Jones clainj@montana.edu 994-6076 MSU Soil Fertility Extension Clickers are better than cell phones because: A. You don t listen
More informationInfluence of sewage sludge and organic composts on different soils under incubation periods: I. Zinc and copper releases
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN (USA): IJCRGG, ISSN: 0974-4290, ISSN(Online):2455-9555 Vol.10 No.15, pp 108-114, 2017 Influence of sewage sludge and organic composts on different soils
More informationCOMPOST ANALYSIS REPORT
Analysis Report For: Erth Products Copy To: Mandy Walls 561 Dogwood Trail Tyrone GA 30290 LAB ID: SAMPLE ID: REPORT DATE: SAMPLE TYPE: FEEDSTOCKS COMPOSTING METHOD COUNTY C07987 Jul 2015 STA 7/30/2015
More informationDAFFODILS ARE WHAT THEY EAT: NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF SOILS
DAFFODILS ARE WHAT THEY EAT: NUTRITIONAL ASPECTS OF SOILS Dick Wolkowski Extension Soil Scientist Department of Soil Science University of Wisconsin - Madison Basic concepts of soil fertility How plants
More informationAZOMITE and Coffee & Cacao
AZOMITE and Coffee & Cacao AZOMITE TESTING ON THE GROWTH OF COFFEE AND CACAO By : The Indonesian Center for Coffee and Cacao Research Report Summary Nutrients loss in coffee and cocoa farming system is
More informationSOIL TESTS & INTERPRETATION
SOIL TESTS & INTERPRETATION This technical note discusses most of the soil tests used at Hill Laboratories, and gives very general interpretive information for each. Information for this Technical Note
More informationEconovaPlus Fertiliser
EconovaPlus Fertiliser The complete plant growth fertiliser, bio-stimulater & carbon control solution. A bio-fertiliser based on the need for organic mineral complexes in the soil. Manufactured by building
More informationCOMPUTATION & PREPARATION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTIONS. Principles, properties & preparation of nutrient solutions
COMPUTATION & PREPARATION OF NUTRIENT SOLUTIONS Principles, properties & preparation of nutrient solutions Nutrient solutions Nutrient solutions are diluted water solutions containing one or more inorganic
More informationInvestigating the probable cause of crop decline in central Oahu A.P. Pant, N.V. Hue, J. Uyeda, J. Sugano, and T. Radovich
HanaiʻAi/The Food Provider June July August 2013 Investigating the probable cause of crop decline in central Oahu A.P. Pant, N.V. Hue, J. Uyeda, J. Sugano, and T. Radovich Summary Extension agents brought
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 03 Nov. 17 / 03 Nov. 17 Z-Best Products Kelli Lopez Gilroy CA 95020 (408) 846-1577 Product Identification Compost Compost Parameters Reported as (units of measure) Test Results Test
More informationUnderstanding Your Soil Report. Michael Cook 2018
Understanding Your Soil Report Michael Cook 2018 Soil Sampling Advantage gives nutrient concentrations may shed light on soil issues baseline so look for trends can be done pre-plant timing not as critical
More informationPlant Food. Nitrogen (N)
Plant Food Nitrogen (N) Functions: Promote plant growth Increase protein content of crops Improves quality of crop Makes plant more efficient with water Helps for stay green and dry down Plants take up
More informationPrinciples of Orchard Nutrition. Kevin Manning and Ross Wilson AgFirst
Principles of Orchard Nutrition Kevin Manning and Ross Wilson AgFirst General Principles Nutrition is generally a very small proportion of production costs ( < 2%). Poor nutrition management can severely
More informationAnalysis. Methods of. of Soils, Plants, Waters, Fertilisers & Organic Manures. Edited by HLS Tandon
Methods of Analysis of Soils, Plants, Waters, Fertilisers & Organic Manures Edited by HLS Tandon Fertiliser Development and Consultation Organisation 204204A Bhanot Corner, 12 Pamposh Enclave New Delhi
More informationCOMPOST TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Date Sampled/Received: 02 Feb. 18 / 09 Feb. 18 Sherrian Jones Plano TX 75086-0358 Product Identification Parameters Reported as (units of measure) Test Results Test Results Plant Nutrients: %, weight basis
More informationGreg Patterson C.C.A. President A&L Canada Laboratories
Welcome Greg Patterson C.C.A. President A&L Canada Laboratories Compost Quality Consumer of the Future Population dynamics - more and more people involved in use of compost Better educated on what is expected
More informationHumizone. Rich Nutrients to Soil. SINOTECH (BEIJING) DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD.
www.humizone.com Rich Nutrients to Soil SINOTECH (BEIJING) DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. - Since 2004 - www.humizone.com Found in March 2004, SINOTECH (BEIJING) DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. is a Leonardite source organic
More informationLayer Chicken Parent Stock Pelleted Litter as Fertilizer in Soybean Production
137 (1): 53-60, June 2008 ISSN 0031-7683 Layer Chicken Parent Stock Pelleted Litter as Fertilizer in Tawadchai Suppadit 1*, Laongdown Sangla 2 and Ladda Udompon 3 1 The Graduate Program in Environmental
More informationCorrection of Zinc Deficiency in Avocado
1997 California Avocado Research Symposium pages 9-12 California Avocado Society and University of California, Riverside Correction of Zinc Deficiency in Avocado Final Report for Project Year 4 of 4 Cooperating
More informationKeywords: hydroponic, media, soilless culture, zeolite
EXPLORING THE POSSIBILITY OF USING A ZEOPONIC-BASED MEDIUM FOR NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT OF GREENHOUSE TOMATOES 1 Richard G. Snyder, Boyett Graves, and Arthur Bufogle Mississippi State University P.O. Box 231,
More informationTotal zinc was determined by digesting the soil ZnSO 4
ADVANCE RESEARCH JOURNAL OF CROP IMPROVEMENT Volume 2 Issue 2 (December, 2011) Page : 203-207 Received : September, 2011; Revised : October, 2011; Accepted : November, 2011 Research Paper See end of the
More information26 27 April 2012 in Isfahan, Iran. Hamid Reza Rahmani. Scientific Member of Soil and Water Institute of Iran.
The 1 th International and The 4 th National Congress on Effect of Industrial Recycling and Municipal of Organic Effluent Waste On in Agriculture Soil, Water, and Plants in Isfahan Hamid Reza Rahmani Scientific
More informationThe Effect of Boron (B) Application on the Growth and Nutrient Contents of Maize in Zinc (Zn) Deficient Soil
387 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 12 (2006), 387-392 National Centre for Agrarian Sciences The Effect of Boron (B) Application on the Growth and Nutrient Contents of Maize in Zinc (Zn) Deficient
More informationUNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL PROPERTIES ON PLANT UPTAKE OF CADMIUM IN NEW ZEALAND AGRICULTURAL SOILS
Cavanagh, JE, Yi Y, Munir K, Lehto N, Robinson B, Gray C, Geretheran G, Jeyakumar J, Thompson-Morrison H, Anderson C 2017. Understanding the influence of soil properties on plant uptake of cadmium in New
More informationYaraTera KRISTALON. Premium water soluble NPK fertilizer. Growth stage based formulas. Top grade Crop Nutrition
YaraTera KRISTALON Premium water soluble NPK fertilizer Top grade Crop Nutrition Growth stage based formulas YaraTera KRISTALON The best nutrient solutions is a growth stage based, fully water soluble
More informationNutrient Management in Ornamental Production
Nutrient Management in Ornamental Production Paul Fisher, Environmental Horticulture Dept. 1 3 5 6 Topics Many factors affect substrate-ph 1. Managing ph and Iron Availability in Containers Lime Substrate
More information