Diabetes and oxidative stress: impact of natural antioxydants consumption

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Lesley Fitzgerald
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1 Diabetes and oxidative stress: impact of natural antioxydants consumption Dal-Ros S., Van Der Werf R., Walter C., Bietiger W., Seyfritz E., Mura C., Peronet C., Legrandois J., Werner D., Ennahar S., Digel F., Pinget M., Marchioni E., Sigrist S. «Nutrition, Diabetes & Obesity: What we can say in 2013?

2 Obesity, Diabetes and health plans nutrition Obesity Diabetes Diabesity + 84 % : ,1 % / 15 % in France second affected area 1/3 in alsatian population OMS, 2008 Diabetes Atlas, 2007 «An alarming obesity rate in Alsace» «A worrying situation including Alsace» Obépi % in 10 years 353 death / year (2,5%) «Top 3» of affected area 8-10% / 6% en France 2012

health advantage? Rich in antioxidants and vitamins Balance the body anti-/pro-oxidant homeostasis (Ruhe et al.

3 Obesity, Diabetes and oxidative stress Antioxidants macroangiopathies Diabetes Microangiopathies Oxidative stress Cardiovascular diseases Inflammatory diseases Neurodegenerative diseases Strategy Prooxidants Fruits and vegetables: a health advantage? Rich in antioxidants and vitamins Balance the body anti-/pro-oxidant homeostasis (Ruhe et al., 2001) Consumption: risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer (Gittelsohn et al., 1988 Montonen et al., 2005 Sluijs et al., 2010)

Cardiovascular diseases Inflammatory diseases Neurodegenerative

alsatien fruits and vegetables (chemical technics) Detect

4 Obesity, Diabetes and oxidative stress Antioxidants macroangiopathies Diabetes Microangiopathies Oxidative stress Cardiovascular diseases Inflammatory diseases Neurodegenerative diseases Strategy Prooxidants Our objectives: Characterize alsatien fruits and vegetables (chemical technics) Detect antioxidants activities (chemical and in vitro technics) Validate the beneficial effect on rats in vivo

5 Project partners and experiments Fruits and vegetables Lyophilisation and extraction Antioxidants properties Chemical experiments (Van der Werf et al., submitted, 2013) In vitro study In vivo study (unpublished data, 2013)

6 Nutraceutic strategy: protective effects of red cabbage and cherry on metabolic syndrome development? High fat diet Obese and prediabetic 2 months 2-4 months high fat high fructose diet (HFHF) High fructose beverage (25%) Glucose intolerance Plasmatic oxidative stress Tissues oxidative stress Hepatic steatosis (sc.2-3) (Dal-Ros et al., unpublished data, 2013) standard diet + water (ND) + red cabbage (10% in diet) (HFHF RC) + cherry (10% in diet) (HFHF Cherry)

Weight gain: Fasting glycemia: RC: Weight

ND HFHF Cherry HFHF HFHF RC ND 1,26g/L All:

Tissus oxidative stress ND HFHF * HFHF RC

7 Nutraceutic strategy: effects of red cabbage and cherry? Weight gain: Fasting glycemia: RC: Weight gain stabilisation HFHF HFHF Cherry HFHF RC ND HFHF Cherry HFHF HFHF RC ND 1,26g/L All: No beneficial effect Lipids peroxydation Tissus oxidative stress ND HFHF * HFHF RC HFHF Cherry # *# Liver Pancreas ND HFHF HFHF RC HFHF Cherry All: plasmatic oxidative stress protection RC: protection against oxidative stress Cherry: no protection

8 Nutraceutic strategy: Effects of red cabbage and cherry on hepatic steatosis? ND HFHF HFHF Cherry HFHF RC Hematoxiline /Eosine Oil Red O Cherry: no protection RC: low protection against steatosis evolution An enrichment of fruits and vegetables is not enough to prevent the development of diabetes

9 Dietary lifestyle strategy: Beneficial effect of red cabbage and cherry? Obese and prediabetic 2 months 2-4 months standard diet + water (HFHF-ND) + red cabbage (10% in diet) (HFHF-ND RC) + cherry (10% in diet) (HFHF-ND Cherry)

10 Dietary lifestyle strategy: effects of red cabbage and cherry? Weight gain: HFHF Fasting glycemia: All: Weight gain stabilisation HFHF-ND HFHF-ND RC ND HFHF-ND Cherry HFHF HFHF-ND Cherr 1,26g/L HFHF-ND RC HFHF-ND ND RC and ND: long terme stabilisation Lipids peroxydation ND HFHF * HFHF-ND HFHF-ND RC # HFHF-ND Cherry # # Liver Pancreas ND Tissus oxidative stress HFHF HFHF-ND HFHF- ND RC HFHF- ND Cherry All: plasmatic oxidative stress protection RC: protection against oxidative stress > ND Cherry: low pancreatic protection only

11 Dietary lifestyle strategy: Effects of red cabbage and cherry on hepatic steatosis? ND HFHF HFHF-ND HFHF-ND RC HFHF-ND Cherry Hematoxiline /Eosine Oil Red O ND: protection (4 months necessary) RC: protection (from 2 months) Cherry: protection (4 months necessary)

12 Red cabbage and cherry in the prevention of type 2 diabetes? The enrichment of a fatty and sugary food in red cabbage prevents oxidative stress in metabolic syndrome and diabetes evolution But without long-term improvement in metabolic parameters. The dietary measures (return to a "normal" diet) are necessary But not sufficient to address the evolution of metabolic syndrome. The enrichment of standard food in red cabbage prevents the evolution of all studied-parameters Despite significant antioxidant effects of cherry, its effectiveness is minimized by natural sugar intake.

Comparison between intraperitoneal and subcutaneous insulin infusion: link between routes of administration and hepatic oxidative stress

Comparison between intraperitoneal and subcutaneous insulin infusion: link between routes of administration and hepatic oxidative stress omparison between intraperitoneal and subcutaneous insulin infusion: link between routes of administration and hepatic oxidative stress S DAL, S Sigrist, W Bietiger, Peronet, M Pinget and N Jeandidier