Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein of selected protein sources

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein of selected protein sources"

Transcription

1 SHORT COMMUNICATION Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein of selected protein sources A. F. Mustafa 1, D. A. Christensen 2, and J. J. McKinnon 2 1 Department of Animal Science, Macdonald College of McGill University, 2111 Lakeshore Road, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada H9X 3V9; 2 Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, 72 Campus Drive, S7N 5B5, Saskatoon, Saskatcherwan, Canada Received 26 April 2001, accepted 1 August Mustafa, A. F., Christensen, D. A. and McKinnon, J. J Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein of selected protein sources. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein (NDICP) for different protein sources was measured using two fistulated cows. Effective degradability of NDICP was highest (P < 0.05) for distillers grains, intermediate (P < 0.05) for canola meal heated at 125 C and lowest (P < 0.05) for canola meal heated at 145 C. Results showed variations in ruminal degradability of NDICP between protein sources. Key words: Neutral detergent insoluble protein, ruminal degradability Mustafa, A. F., Christensen, D. A. et McKinnon, J. J Dégradation des protéines insolubles dans le détergent neutre de diverses sources dans le rumen. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 81: Les auteurs ont mesuré la capacité de dégradation des protéines insolubles dans le détergent neutre (PIDN) de diverses sources dans le rumen de deux vaches fistulées. Les drêches de distillerie sont les PIDN les plus facilement dégradables (P < 0,05); viennent ensuite le tourteau de canola chauffé à 125 C (P < 0,05) et le tourteau de canola chauffé à 145 C (P < 0.05) Les résultats indiquent que la capacité de dégradation des PIDN dans le rumen varie avec l origine des protéines. Mots clés: Protéines insolubles dans le détergent neutre, capacité de dégradation dans le rumen 601 Ruminal kinetic parameters and degradability of protein sources are usually measured based on total CP rather than specific protein fractions. According to Sniffen et al. (1992), dietary true protein can be divided into rapidly, intermediately, and slowly degradable fractions based on rates of ruminal degradation. Degradation rates of these protein fractions are important inputs that will affect the ability of the National Research Council (NRC 1996) computer model to accurately predict animal performance. Neutral detergent insoluble protein is the main protein fraction in several plant protein sources. The NDICP is slowly degraded in the rumen and constitutes a major portion of the ruminal undegraded protein content (Sniffen et al. 1992; NRC 1996). Degradation rates and ruminal escape values of NDICP for some forages such as alfalfa and eastern gamagrass have been determined by Coblentz et al. (1999). However, such values for other protein sources with high levels of NDICP have not been determined. Three samples each of wheat wet distillers grains and heated canola meals were used. The wet distiller s grain samples were part of a previous study (Ojowi et al. 1997) and the heated canola meals were obtained by dry-heating commercially available canola meal at 125 and 145 C for 20 min. Moisture, Kjeldahl N and acid detergent fiber were determined according to the procedures of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC 1990). Samples were also analyzed for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) without the use of sodium sulfite (Van Soest et al. 1991). This was done because sodium sulfite reduces the NDF content by solubilizing part or all of the NDICP (Hintz and Mertens 1996). Acid detergent insoluble protein (ADICP) and NDICP contents were determined by analyzing the acid detergent fiber and NDF residues, respectively, for Kjeldahl nitrogen (Licitra et al. 1996). Ruminal undegraded protein (RUP) for the protein sources was determined following 12 h (O Mara et al. 1997; Klemesrud et al. 1997). Duplicate samples of each protein source were weighed into nylon bags (9 12 cm; 41 µm pore size) and incubated in the rumen of a ruminally fistulated non-lactating Holstein cow for 12 h. Following removal from the rumen, the bags were rinsed in tap water and dried at 55 C for 48 h. To measure ruminal kinetic parameters and degradability of NDICP, equal portions (100 g) of the three samples from each protein source were composited to obtain a single sample. Duplicate samples of each protein source were then weighed into nylon bags and incubated in the rumens of two ruminally fistulated non-lactating Holstein cows for 6, 12, Abbreviations: ADICP, acid detergent insoluble protein; CP, crude protein; NDF, neutral detergent fiber; NDICP, neutral detergent insoluble protein; RUP, ruminal undegraded protein

2 602 CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE Table 1. Chemical composition and ruminal undegraded protein content of selected protein sources CP NDF Corrected NDF NDICP ADICP RUP (g kg 1 ) (g kg 1 ) (g kg 1 ) z (g kg 1 of CP) (g kg 1 of CP) (g kg 1 of CP) Wet distillers grains 259b 724a 588a 528b 58b 415c Heated canola meal y 394a 435c 255c 452c 69b 751b Heated canola meal x 398a 577b 291b 725a 363a 876a SEM w z Corrected for associated NDICP. y Heated at 125 C for 20 min. x Heated at 145 C for 20 min. w SEM = pooled standard error of the mean. a c Means in the same column followed by different letters are different (P < 0.05). Table 2. Ruminal kinetic parameters and effective degradability of neutral detergent insoluble protein for selected protein sources Ruminal kinetic parameters Soluble Slowly degradable Degradation rate Effective degradability (% of CP) (% of CP) (% h 1 ) (%) Wet wheat distillers grains 15.3a 80.4a a Heated canola meal (125 C 20 min) 2.7b 50.9b b Heated canola meal (145 C 20 min) 1.3b 27.1c c SEM z z SEM = pooled standard error of the mean. a c Means in the same column followed by different letters are different (P < 0.05). 24 and 48 h. The animals were fed twice daily a 50:50 forage:concentrate diet (dry matter basis). The forage consisted of 50% barley silage and 50% alfalfa hay. Care for the cows was according to the guidelines of the Canadian Council on Animal Care (1980). Bags removed from the rumen were handled in a similar manner as described previously. Zero hour disappearance was estimated by rinsing duplicate bags of each protein source in tap water. Nylon bag residues were analyzed for moisture and NDICP as described previously. Disappearance of NDICP at each incubation time was determined by subtracting residual NDICP from original NDICP. Soluble, slowly degradable and rate of degradation of the slowly degradable NDICP were estimated using the equation of Ørskov and McDonald (1979). These kinetic parameters were estimated using an iterative nonlinear regression procedure of the SAS Institute, Inc. (1999). Effective degradability of NDICP was estimated using the equation of Ørskov and McDonald (1979) assuming a rumen outflow rate of 5% h 1. Chemical composition and RUP data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using the General Linear Model of the SAS Institute, Inc. (1999). Data of the NDICP kinetic parameters and effective degradability were analyzed as a randomized complete block design where cows served as blocks. Means were separated with the Student- Newman Keul s test. Neutral detergent insoluble protein ranged from 452 g kg 1 of CP for canola meal heated at 125 C to 725 g kg 1 of CP for canola meal heated at 145 C (Table 1). Acid detergent insoluble protein level was higher (P < 0.05) in canola meal heated at 145 C than in wet distillers grains or canola meal heated at 125 C, which had a similar ADICP level (64 g kg 1 of CP). Ruminal undegraded protein ranged from 415 g kg 1 of CP in wet distillers grains to 876 g kg 1 of CP in canola meal heated at 145 C (Table 1). The rapidly degradable NDICP fraction was higher (P < 0.05) for wet distillers grains than for heated canola meal (Table 2). Because NDICP is associated with the cell wall, the proportion of the rapidly degradable fraction NDICP is generally small. Coblentz et al. (1999) determined in situ NDICP degradation characteristics for different plant tissues of alfalfa and gamagrass. The authors reported values for rapidly degradable NDICP ranging from 1.1% of NDICP for alfalfa stems to 10.7% of NDICP for gamagrass stems. The slowly degradable NDICP fraction was highest (P < 0.05) for wet distiller s grain, intermediate for canola meal heated at 125 C and lowest (P < 0.05) for canola meal heated at 145 C (Table 2). These results suggest that NDICP from canola meal heated at 145 C is potentially less available for ruminal degradation than the other protein sources. The high ADICP likely contributed to the smaller slowly degradable NDICP fraction of the canola meal heated at 145 C relative to the other two protein sources. The rate of degradation of the slowly degradable NDICP fraction was similar for the three protein sources (average 1.7% h 1 ). Rates of degradation of NDICP reported in this study are higher than those reported by the NRC (1996) for the slowly degradable true protein (B3) fraction. According to the NRC (1996), the rate of degradation of the B3 true protein fraction for distiller s grains and canola meal averages 0.10 and 0.20% h 1, respectively. In accordance with our results, Coblentz et al. (1999) also reported a higher degradation rate for the NDICP of alfalfa than the value reported by NRC (1996) for the B3 true protein fraction. Effective degradability of NDICP was highest (P < 0.05) for wet distillers grains, intermediate (P < 0.05) for canola meal heated at 125 C and lowest (P < 0.05) for canola meal heated at 145 C (Table 2). The higher ruminal degradability of NDICP for wet distillers grains is likely a reflection of their high soluble NDICP fraction. These results suggest

3 MUSTAFA ET AL. NEUTRAL DETERGENT INSOLUBLE PROTEIN AND RUMINAL DEGRADABILITY 603 that in some protein sources such as wet distillers grains, a considerable amount of NDICP is susceptible to microbial degradation in the rumen. However, in other protein sources such as canola meal heated at 145 C, the NDICP fraction is almost completely undegraded in the rumen. Differences in ruminal escape NDICP values have also been reported for forages (Coblentz et al. 1999). Assuming a ruminal flow rate of 6% h 1, Coblentz et al. (1999) reported a ruminal escape NDICP value of 57% for alfalfa and 48 to 64% for gamagrass. It is clear that more NDICP from the two heated canola meals than from wet distillers grains will escape ruminal degradation and become potentially available for postruminal digestion. Intestinal digestibility of ruminal escape NDICP has not been determined in the present study. However, the intestinal availability of heated canola meal has been related to the ADICP level (Moshtaghi Nia and Ingalls 1992; McKinnon et al. 1995). McKinnon et al. (1995) found that while canola meal heated at 145 C had a higher ruminal escape protein value than canola meal heated at 125 C, its postruminal availability was compromised by high ADICP level. The results of this study show variations in ruminal kinetic parameters and degradability of NDICP among protein sources, suggesting that the contribution of NDICP to the ruminal microbial N pool varies from one protein source to another. Association of Official Analytical Chemists Official methods of analysis 15th ed. AOAC, Arlington, VA. Canadian Council on Animal Care Guide to the care and use of experimental animals. Vol. 1. CCAC, Ottawa, ON. Coblentz, W. K., Fritz, J. O., Fick, W. H., Cochran, R. C., Shirley, J. E. and Turner, J. E In situ disappearance of neutral insoluble nitrogen from alfalfa and eastern gamagrass at three maturities. J. Anim. Sci. 77: Hintz, R. W. and Mertens, D Effects of sodium sulfite on recovery and composition of detergent fiber and lignin. J. AOAC. Int. 79: Klemesrud, M. J., Klopfenstein, T. J., Lewis, A. J., Shain, D. H. and Herold, D. W Limiting amino acids in meat and bone meal and poultry by-product meals. J. Anim. Sci. 75: Licitra, G., Hernandez, T. M. and Van Soest, P. J Standardization procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Anim Feed Sci Technol 57: McKinnon, J. J., Olubobokun, J. A., Mustafa, A. F., Cohen, R. D. H. and Christensen, D. A Influence of dry heat treatment of canola meal on site and extent of nutrient disappearence of canola meal. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 56: Moshtaghi Nia, S. A. and Ingalls, J. R Effect of heating canola meal protein degradation in the rumen and digestion in the lower gastrointestinal tract of steers. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 72: National Research Council Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 7th rev. ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Ojowi, M. O., McKinnon, J. J., Mustafa, A. F., Christensen, D. A Evaluation of wheat-based wet distillers grains for feedlot cattle. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 77: O Mara, F. P., Murphy, J. J. and Rath, M The amino acid composition of protein feedstuffs before and after ruminal incubation and after subsequent passage through the intestines of dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 75: Ørskov, E. R. and McDonald, I The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighed according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci. (Camb.). 92: SAS Institute, Inc SAS/STAT user s guide. Version 8. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. Sniffen, C. J., O conor, D. J., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. J. and Russell, J. B A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J. Anim. Sci. 70: Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B. and Lewis, B. A Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74:

4

5 This article has been cited by: 1. A. Velásquez, G. Pichard Effects of rumen fluid pre-incubation on in vitro proteolytic activity of enzymatic extracts from rumen microorganisms. Animal Feed Science and Technology 162:3-4, [Crossref]

The Effect of Heat Treatment of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration

The Effect of Heat Treatment of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration The Effect of Heat Treatment of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration A. S. Leaflet R1547 M. A. Karsli, graduate research assistant, and J. R. Russell, professor of animal science.

More information

Protein and Carbohydrate Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows 1

Protein and Carbohydrate Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows 1 Protein and Carbohydrate Utilization by Lactating Dairy Cows 1 Bill Weiss Department of Animal Sciences Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691 email:

More information

Rumen degradation ratios, available protein, and structural and non-structural carbohydrates: Comparison of frost-damaged wheat with normal wheat

Rumen degradation ratios, available protein, and structural and non-structural carbohydrates: Comparison of frost-damaged wheat with normal wheat SHORT COMMUNICATION Rumen degradation ratios, available protein, and structural and non-structural carbohydrates: Comparison of frost-damaged wheat with normal wheat Peiqiang Yu and Vern Racz Department

More information

CHAMPION TOC INDEX. Protein Requirements of Feedlot Cattle. E. K. Okine, G. W. Mathison and R. R. Corbett. Take Home Message

CHAMPION TOC INDEX. Protein Requirements of Feedlot Cattle. E. K. Okine, G. W. Mathison and R. R. Corbett. Take Home Message TOC INDEX CHAMPION Feed Services Ltd. Protein Requirements of Feedlot Cattle E. K. Okine, G. W. Mathison and R. R. Corbett Take Home Message The new Nutrient Requirements (NRC) of Beef Cattle published

More information

Dietary Protein. Dr. Mark McGuire Dr. Jullie Wittman AVS Department University of Idaho

Dietary Protein. Dr. Mark McGuire Dr. Jullie Wittman AVS Department University of Idaho Dietary Protein Dr. Mark McGuire Dr. Jullie Wittman AVS Department University of Idaho Some slides adapted from Dairy Nutrition & Management (ANSCI 200/492), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,

More information

The Effect of Maturity and Frost Killing of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration

The Effect of Maturity and Frost Killing of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration The Effect of Maturity and Frost Killing of Forages on Degradation Kinetics and Escape Protein Concentration A. S. Leaflet R1546 M. A. Karsli, graduate research assistant, and J. R. Russell, professor

More information

ESTIMATING THE ENERGY VALUE OF CORN SILAGE AND OTHER FORAGES. P.H. Robinson 1 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION

ESTIMATING THE ENERGY VALUE OF CORN SILAGE AND OTHER FORAGES. P.H. Robinson 1 ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION ESTIMATING THE ENERGY VALUE OF CORN SILAGE AND OTHER FORAGES P.H. Robinson 1 ABSTRACT It is possible to estimate the energy value of ruminant feeds if some chemical assays of the feedstuffs, and the estimated

More information

Using the 2001 Dairy NRC to Optimize the Use of Dietary Protein for Milk Protein Production

Using the 2001 Dairy NRC to Optimize the Use of Dietary Protein for Milk Protein Production Using the 2001 Dairy NRC to Optimize the Use of Dietary Protein for Milk Protein Production Charles G. Schwab Department of Animal and Nutritional Sciences University of New Hampshire Durham, NH Introduction

More information

Characteristics and Utilization of Canola Seed Fractions in Ruminant Feeds A processing and value added research

Characteristics and Utilization of Canola Seed Fractions in Ruminant Feeds A processing and value added research Characteristics and Utilization of Canola Seed Fractions in Ruminant Feeds A processing and value added research Ravindra G. Heendeniya 1, D.A. Christensen 1, D.D. Maenz 2, J.J. McKinnon1, Peiqiang Yu

More information

Composition and Nutritive Value of Corn Fractions and Ethanol Co-products Resulting from a New Dry-milling Process 1

Composition and Nutritive Value of Corn Fractions and Ethanol Co-products Resulting from a New Dry-milling Process 1 Composition and Nutritive Value of Corn Fractions and Ethanol Co-products Resulting from a New Dry-milling Process 1 Greg B. Kleinhans 2, Robbi H. Pritchard 3, and Simone M. Holt 4 Department of Animal

More information

Abstract. Keywords: Tropical grasses, Degradability, Nutrient, Rumen fermentation. Introduction. Chaowarit Mapato a* and Metha Wanapat a

Abstract. Keywords: Tropical grasses, Degradability, Nutrient, Rumen fermentation. Introduction. Chaowarit Mapato a* and Metha Wanapat a 1 The use of the in vitro gas production technique to study the fermentation characteristics of tropical grasses at different roughage to concentrate ratios Chaowarit Mapato a* and Metha Wanapat a a Tropical

More information

DAIRY FOCUS AT ILLINOIS NEWSLETTER. Focus on Forages Volume 2, Number 1

DAIRY FOCUS AT ILLINOIS NEWSLETTER. Focus on Forages Volume 2, Number 1 Volume 2, Number 1 Focus on Forages 2015 Forages have always been an important source of nutrients for the dairy cow. Feeding high quality forages can increase dairy efficiency and help reduce the feed

More information

Using Wheat Distillers in Dairy Rations

Using Wheat Distillers in Dairy Rations Using Wheat Distillers in Dairy Rations John McKinnon Department of Animal & Poultry Science, Room 6D04, Agriculture Building, 51 Campus Drive University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8 Email: john.mckinnon@usask.ca

More information

In situ evaluation of ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of extruded soybeans

In situ evaluation of ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of extruded soybeans In situ evaluation of ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of extruded soybeans W. NOWAK, S. MICHALAK, S. WYLEGAŁA Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Agricultural University

More information

In-Vitro Starch and NDF Digestibility Using Rumen Fluid from Control and Bovamine Supplemented Cows

In-Vitro Starch and NDF Digestibility Using Rumen Fluid from Control and Bovamine Supplemented Cows In-Vitro Starch and NDF Digestibility Using Rumen Fluid from and Supplemented Cows Rachel Nelson Department of Animal Sciences Research Distinction The Ohio State University ABSTRACT: Probiotics are commonly

More information

Protein fractions and ruminal undegradable proteins in alfalfa

Protein fractions and ruminal undegradable proteins in alfalfa SHORT COMMUNICATION Protein fractions and ruminal undegradable proteins in alfalfa G. F. Tremblay, R. Michaud, and G. Bélanger Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Soils and Crops Research and Development

More information

FACTORS AFFECTING MANURE EXCRETION BY DAIRY COWS 1

FACTORS AFFECTING MANURE EXCRETION BY DAIRY COWS 1 FACTORS AFFECTING MANURE EXCRETION BY DAIRY COWS 1 W. P. Weiss Department of Animal Sciences Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State University Manure in an inevitable byproduct

More information

SHORT COMMUNICATION. R. G. Heendeniya 1, D. A. Christensen 1, D. D. Maenz 2, J. J. McKinnon 1, and P. Yu 3,4

SHORT COMMUNICATION. R. G. Heendeniya 1, D. A. Christensen 1, D. D. Maenz 2, J. J. McKinnon 1, and P. Yu 3,4 SHORT COMMUNICATION Utilization of canola seed fractions for ruminants: Effect of canola fibre-protein and can-sugar inclusion in dehydrated alfalfa pellets on palatability and lactation performance of

More information

ALMLM HAY QUALITY: TERMS AND DEFIN"IONS

ALMLM HAY QUALITY: TERMS AND DEFINIONS ALMLM HAY QUALITY: TERMS AND DEFIN"IONS Garry D. Lacefield Extension Forage Specialist University of Kentucky At the 22"d Kentucky Alfalfa Conference we discussed the relationship among Alfalfa - Yield-Quality-Persistence.

More information

DIET DIGESTIBILITY AND RUMEN TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO FEEDING WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND A PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR

DIET DIGESTIBILITY AND RUMEN TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO FEEDING WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND A PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR Dairy Day 2002 DIET DIGESTIBILITY AND RUMEN TRAITS IN RESPONSE TO FEEDING WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND A PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR E. E. Ferdinand, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer,

More information

Effective Practices In Sheep Production Series

Effective Practices In Sheep Production Series Effective Practices In Sheep Production Series Understanding Feed Test Analysis Terms The key to accurate feed tests is correct sampling of your forages and grains. Equally important, is understanding

More information

Reference methods for assessing rumen degradation characteristics of nutreints

Reference methods for assessing rumen degradation characteristics of nutreints Feed evaluation for dairy cows Reference methods for assessing rumen degradation characteristics of nutreints Peter Lund, Maria Chrenková & Martin Weisbjerg Department of Animal Science, AU-Foulum, Aarhus

More information

Influence of the method of conservation of lucerne on ruminal degradability. II. Nitrogen

Influence of the method of conservation of lucerne on ruminal degradability. II. Nitrogen Influence of the method of conservation of lucerne on ruminal degradability. II. Nitrogen Andueza D., Muñoz F., Pueyo J., Delgado I., Roza B. de la in Delgado I. (ed.), Lloveras J. (ed.). Quality in lucerne

More information

Understanding Dairy Nutrition Terminology

Understanding Dairy Nutrition Terminology Understanding Dairy Nutrition Terminology Mat Haan, Penn State Dairy Educator, Berks County Lucas Mitchell, Penn State Department of Animal Science Dairy Cattle Nutrition Workshop November 15, 2017 Interpreting

More information

Crude protein degradation in leaves and stems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Crude protein degradation in leaves and stems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Crude protein degradation in leaves and stems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Michaud R., Tremblay G.F., Bélanger G., Michaud J. in Delgado I. (ed.), Lloveras J. (ed.). Quality in lucerne and medics for animal

More information

TRANSITION COW NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT. J.E. Shirley

TRANSITION COW NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT. J.E. Shirley Dairy Day 2003 TRANSITION COW NUTRITION AND MANAGEMENT J.E. Shirley Summary Dairy cows are generally provided with a 60-day dry period. The first part of the dry period is called the far-off dry period

More information

ABSTRACT FORAGE SAMPLING AND TESTING ACCURACY CHOOSING A FORAGE TESTING LAB

ABSTRACT FORAGE SAMPLING AND TESTING ACCURACY CHOOSING A FORAGE TESTING LAB PARAMETERS FOR GOOD QUALITY ALFALFA HAY Glenn E. Shewmaker, Mireille Chahine, and Rikki Wilson 1 ABSTRACT When alfalfa hay is tested in a laboratory analysis, several forage quality factors are considered.

More information

Original article. In situ degradability of feed ingredients. at two proportions of concentrate. HV Petit. Degradability of protein within a given

Original article. In situ degradability of feed ingredients. at two proportions of concentrate. HV Petit. Degradability of protein within a given Original article In situ degradability of feed ingredients at two proportions of concentrate HV Petit Experimental Farm, Agriculture Canada, La Pocatiére, Quebec GOR 1ZO, Canada (Received 6 February 1992;

More information

Title. Issue Date Doc URL. Type. File Information THE RUMEN DEGRADABILITY OF PROTEIN FOR VARIOUS FEEDS.

Title. Issue Date Doc URL. Type. File Information THE RUMEN DEGRADABILITY OF PROTEIN FOR VARIOUS FEEDS. Title THE RUMEN DEGRADABILITY OF PROTEIN FOR VARIOUS FEEDS Author(s)OKUBO, Masahiko; HANADA, Masaaki; SEKINE, Junjiro; M CitationJournal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido Univ Issue Date 1986-12

More information

Nonstructural and Structural Carbohydrates in Dairy Cattle Rations 1

Nonstructural and Structural Carbohydrates in Dairy Cattle Rations 1 CIR1122 Nonstructural and Structural Carbohydrates in Dairy Cattle Rations 1 Barney Harris, Jr. 2 Carbohydrates are the largest component in the dairy ration and contribute 60 to 70% of the net energy

More information

Effects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility

Effects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility Animal Industry Report AS 661 ASL R3003 2015 Effects of Increased Inclusion of Algae Meal on Lamb Total Tract Digestibility Rebecca S. Stokes Iowa State University, rsstokes@iastate.edu Megan L. Van Emon

More information

SUBSTITUTING STEAM-FLAKED CORN WITH DISTILLER S GRAINS ALTERS RUMINAL FERMENTATION AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY

SUBSTITUTING STEAM-FLAKED CORN WITH DISTILLER S GRAINS ALTERS RUMINAL FERMENTATION AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY Beef Cattle Research 2008 SUBSTITUTING STEAM-FLAKED CORN WITH DISTILLER S GRAINS ALTERS RUMINAL FERMENTATION AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY S. Uwituze, G.L. Parsons, M. K. Shelor, B.E. Depenbusch, K. K. Karges

More information

Know Your Feed Terms. When you are talking nutrition and feeds with your

Know Your Feed Terms. When you are talking nutrition and feeds with your Revised July 2006 Agdex 400/60-2 Know Your Feed Terms When you are talking nutrition and feeds with your feed salesperson, livestock nutritionist, veterinarian or neighbour, it is important that you both

More information

INTERPRETING FORAGE QUALITY TEST REPORTS

INTERPRETING FORAGE QUALITY TEST REPORTS INTERPRETING FORAGE QUALITY TEST REPORTS Donna M. Amaral-Phillips, Ph.D. Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Kentucky Forages are the foundation for building diets for beef and dairy cattle,

More information

Normand St-Pierre The Ohio State University. Copyright 2011 Normand St-Pierre, The Ohio State University

Normand St-Pierre The Ohio State University. Copyright 2011 Normand St-Pierre, The Ohio State University Normand St-Pierre The Ohio State University Forages are Feeds Animals do not require feeds! Feeds are packages of nutrients. The value of a feed is the sum of the values of the nutrients that it contains.

More information

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS. Rumen Escape Protein of some Dairy Feedstuffs

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS. Rumen Escape Protein of some Dairy Feedstuffs UC CE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Rumen Escape Protein of some Dairy Feedstuffs P.H. Robinson Cooperative Extension Specialist University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8521 Dairy

More information

Supplementation of High Corn Silage Diets for Dairy Cows. R. D. Shaver Professor and Extension Dairy Nutritionist

Supplementation of High Corn Silage Diets for Dairy Cows. R. D. Shaver Professor and Extension Dairy Nutritionist INTRODUCTION Supplementation of High Corn Silage Diets for Dairy Cows R. D. Shaver Professor and Extension Dairy Nutritionist Department of Dairy Science College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University

More information

Nutritive Value of Feeds

Nutritive Value of Feeds Nutritive Value of Feeds Chapter 12 A working knowledge of the nutrient composition of available feeds is an integral part of a successful beef cattle operation. * The rumen fermentation process allows

More information

Measuring detergent fibre and insoluble protein in corn silage using crucibles or filter bags

Measuring detergent fibre and insoluble protein in corn silage using crucibles or filter bags Animal Feed Science and Technology 133 (2007) 335 340 Short communication Measuring detergent fibre and insoluble protein in corn silage using crucibles or filter bags Gonzalo Ferreira a,, David R. Mertens

More information

PREDICTION OF CORRECTED IN SITU FORAGE PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY BY THE CORNELL METHOD

PREDICTION OF CORRECTED IN SITU FORAGE PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY BY THE CORNELL METHOD 2011, Scienceline Publication Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research Volume 2, Issue 2: 149-154 (2012) ISSN 2228-7701 PREDICTION OF CORRECTED IN SITU FORAGE PROTEIN DEGRADABILITY BY THE CORNELL METHOD

More information

USE OF DISTILLERS GRAINS AND CO-PRODUCTS IN RUMINANT DIETS

USE OF DISTILLERS GRAINS AND CO-PRODUCTS IN RUMINANT DIETS USE OF DISTILLERS GRAINS AND CO-PRODUCTS IN RUMINANT DIETS Jean-Marie Akayezu Cargill Animal Nutrition Center, Elk River, MN Dr. James G. Linn, Summer R. Harty, and James M. Cassady. Department of Animal

More information

The nutritive value of hemp meal for ruminants

The nutritive value of hemp meal for ruminants The nutritive value of hemp meal for ruminants A. F. Mustafa, J. J. McKinnon, and D. A. Christensen Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan 72 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Canada

More information

SUPPLEMENTAL DEGRADABLE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR CATTLE FED STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS FORAGE. Authors:

SUPPLEMENTAL DEGRADABLE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR CATTLE FED STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS FORAGE. Authors: SUPPLEMENTAL DEGRADABLE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR CATTLE FED STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS FORAGE 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 96-99 J.S. Wheeler, D.L. Lalman, S. Janloo and

More information

NEED FOR RUMINALLY DEGRADED NITROGEN BY FINISHING CATTLE FED PROCESSED GRAINS Mike Brown West Texas A&M University Canyon, TX

NEED FOR RUMINALLY DEGRADED NITROGEN BY FINISHING CATTLE FED PROCESSED GRAINS Mike Brown West Texas A&M University Canyon, TX NEED FOR RUMINALLY DEGRADED NITROGEN BY FINISHING CATTLE FED PROCESSED GRAINS Mike Brown West Texas A&M University Canyon, TX msbrown@mail.wtamu.edu ABSTRACT Assuring an adequate supply of ruminally degraded

More information

Making Forage Analysis Work for You in Balancing Livestock Rations and Marketing Hay

Making Forage Analysis Work for You in Balancing Livestock Rations and Marketing Hay A3325 Making Forage Analysis Work for You in Balancing Livestock Rations and Marketing Hay Dan Undersander, W. Terry Howard, and Randy Shaver Forage and grain samples differ in their chemical composition

More information

THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE.

THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE. THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE. ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA UNITED STATES OF MINNESOTA Introduction Energy in the 2001 Dairy NRC: Understanding the System Jim Linn Department

More information

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS

COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS UC CE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS Dried Corn Distillers Grains in Dairy Cattle Feeding Part 2 Nutrient Profiles, Variability and Key Impacts on Cattle P.H. Robinson Cooperative

More information

MICROBIAL INOCULANT EFFECTS ON IN SITU RUMINAL DRY MATTER AND NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER DISAPPEARANCE OF CORN SILAGE

MICROBIAL INOCULANT EFFECTS ON IN SITU RUMINAL DRY MATTER AND NEUTRAL DETERGENT FIBER DISAPPEARANCE OF CORN SILAGE MROBAL NOULANT EFFETS ON N STU RUMNAL DRY MATTER AND NEUTRAL DETERGENT FBER DSAPPEARANE OF ORN SLAGE Kathryn E. owles and Michael R. Murphy TAKE HOME MESSAGES Addition of an inoculant blend improved the

More information

Introduction. Carbohydrate Nutrition. Microbial CHO Metabolism. Microbial CHO Metabolism. CHO Fractions. Fiber CHO (FC)

Introduction. Carbohydrate Nutrition. Microbial CHO Metabolism. Microbial CHO Metabolism. CHO Fractions. Fiber CHO (FC) Introduction Carbohydrate Nutrition Largest component of dairy rations CHO comprise to 80% of ration DM Major source of energy for milk production One-third of milk solids is lactose 4.9 lbs. of lactose

More information

Optimizing Starch Concentrations in Dairy Rations

Optimizing Starch Concentrations in Dairy Rations 73 Optimizing Starch Concentrations in Dairy Rations Rick Grant 1 W. H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute Abstract Currently, many nutritionists consider only the total nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC)

More information

COMPLETE LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COWS FED WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR

COMPLETE LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COWS FED WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR Dairy Day 2002 COMPLETE LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF COWS FED WET CORN GLUTEN FEED AND PELLET CONSISTING OF RAW SOYBEAN HULLS AND CORN STEEP LIQUOR E. E. Ferdinand, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer, J. M.

More information

CHANGES IN RUMINAL MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS

CHANGES IN RUMINAL MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS Dairy Day 22 CHANGES IN RUMINAL MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN TRANSITION DAIRY COWS A. F. Park, J. E. Shirley, E. C. Titgemeyer, R.C. Cochran, J. M. DeFrain, E. E. Ferdinand, N. Wallace, T. G. Nagaraja 1, and

More information

ID # EFFECTT OF SUPPLEMENTS ON FORAGE DEGRADABILITY OF Brachiaria. brizantha cv. Marandu GRAZED BY STEERS *

ID # EFFECTT OF SUPPLEMENTS ON FORAGE DEGRADABILITY OF Brachiaria. brizantha cv. Marandu GRAZED BY STEERS * ID # 19-05 EFFECTT OF SUPPLEMENTS ON FORAGE DEGRADABILITY OF Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu GRAZED BY STEERS * J. R. A. Pereira 1, R. A. Reis 2, L. R. de A. Rodrigues 2 and. D.Freitas 3. 1 Depto. de

More information

Feedstuff NE l content calculation 5 steps : STEP 1

Feedstuff NE l content calculation 5 steps : STEP 1 NRC energy evaluation system Eastridge, M.L. 2002. Energy in the New Dairy NRC. Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State t University, it pp. 7. NRC. 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. Seventh

More information

Heidi Rossow, PhD UC Davis School Of Veterinary Medicine, VMTRC Tulare, CA. Interpreting Forage Quality from the Cows Perspective

Heidi Rossow, PhD UC Davis School Of Veterinary Medicine, VMTRC Tulare, CA. Interpreting Forage Quality from the Cows Perspective Heidi Rossow, PhD UC Davis School Of Veterinary Medicine, VMTRC Tulare, CA Interpreting Forage Quality from the Cows Perspective Interpretation of chemical nutrient analyses Plant Nutrient Analyses Digestibility

More information

In situ ruminal degradation characteristics of dry matter and crude protein from dried corn, high-protein corn, and wheat distillers grains

In situ ruminal degradation characteristics of dry matter and crude protein from dried corn, high-protein corn, and wheat distillers grains Lee et al. Journal of Animal Science and Technology (2016) 58:33 DOI 10.1186/s40781-016-0115-3 RESEARCH Open Access In situ ruminal degradation characteristics of dry matter and crude protein from dried

More information

Protein requirements of beef cattle fed palm oil by-products in the South-Thailand

Protein requirements of beef cattle fed palm oil by-products in the South-Thailand แก นเกษตร 38 ฉบ บพ เศษ : 158-163 (2553). KHON KAEN AGR. J. 38 SUPPLMENT : 158-163 (2010). Protein requirements of beef cattle fed palm oil by-products in the South-Thailand O. Pimpa 1*, B. Khamseekhiew

More information

Rumination or cud chewing consists of regurgitation, remastication, reinsalvation, and reswallowing.

Rumination or cud chewing consists of regurgitation, remastication, reinsalvation, and reswallowing. Nutrition 115 Midterm Exam 2 February 25, 2000 Name Please be sure to put your name at the top of each page. Any page without a name in the appropriate place will not be graded. Read each question carefully,

More information

Estimation of the Proportion of Feed Protein Digested in the Small Intestine of Cattle Consuming Wet Corn Gluten Feed

Estimation of the Proportion of Feed Protein Digested in the Small Intestine of Cattle Consuming Wet Corn Gluten Feed University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Papers and Publications in Animal Science Animal Science Department 2007 Estimation of the Proportion of Feed Protein

More information

Quick Start. Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Sheep

Quick Start. Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Sheep Quick Start Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System for Sheep The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) for Sheep is a feeding system derived from the CNCPS for cattle (Fox et al., 2003).

More information

BENCHMARKING FORAGE NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY. R. D. Shaver, Ph.D., PAS

BENCHMARKING FORAGE NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY. R. D. Shaver, Ph.D., PAS BENCHMARKING FORAGE NUTRIENT COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY R. D. Shaver, Ph.D., PAS Professor and Extension Dairy Nutritionist Department of Dairy Science College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University

More information

EFFECT OF RYEGRASS SILAGE DRY MATTER CONTENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING HOLSTEIN COWS

EFFECT OF RYEGRASS SILAGE DRY MATTER CONTENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING HOLSTEIN COWS EFFECT OF RYEGRASS SILAGE DRY MATTER CONTENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING HOLSTEIN COWS J. JUAN CASTRO, NATASHA MULLIS, J. K. BERNARD, and J. W. WEST ABSTRACT Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows were

More information

IN SITU RUMEN DEGRADATION KINETICS OF FOUR SORGHUM VARIETIES IN NILI RAVI BUFFALOES ABSTRACT

IN SITU RUMEN DEGRADATION KINETICS OF FOUR SORGHUM VARIETIES IN NILI RAVI BUFFALOES ABSTRACT Nawaz et al., The Journal of Animal & Plant Sciences, 26(2): 2016, Page: J. 355-359 Anim. Plant Sci. 26(2):2016 ISSN: 1018-7081 IN SITU RUMEN DEGRADATION KINETICS OF FOUR SORGHUM VARIETIES IN NILI RAVI

More information

The Real Value of Canola Meal

The Real Value of Canola Meal The Real Value of Canola Meal Essi Evans Technical Advisory Services Inc Brittany Dyck Canola Council of Canada Canola Survey: 2011 Commissioned to assess awareness of canola meal by the dairy industry,

More information

Amino Acid Balancing in the Context of MP and RUP Requirements

Amino Acid Balancing in the Context of MP and RUP Requirements Amino Acid Balancing in the Context of MP and RUP Requirements Charles G. Schwab, Ryan S. Ordway, and Nancy L. Whitehouse Department of Animal and Nutritional Sciences University of New Hampshire Durham,

More information

Soybean, Canola and Cottonseed Meal

Soybean, Canola and Cottonseed Meal Soybean, Canola and Cottonseed Meal In- Sacco technique for estimation of ruminal degradability of soybean, canola, and cottonseed meal Authors: K. Jafari Khorshidi H. Kioumarsi S. Abedi C M. Ahmady G.

More information

Stretching Limited Hay Supplies: Wet Cows Fed Low Quality Hay Jason Banta, Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Texas A&M AgriLife Extension

Stretching Limited Hay Supplies: Wet Cows Fed Low Quality Hay Jason Banta, Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Texas A&M AgriLife Extension ASWeb - 145 September 2018 Stretching Limited Hay Supplies: Wet Cows Fed Low Quality Hay Jason Banta, Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Many producers are facing low hay supplies

More information

Gut Fill Revisited. Lawrence R. Jones 1 and Joanne Siciliano-Jones 2 1. American Farm Products, Inc. 2. FARME Institute, Inc. Introduction.

Gut Fill Revisited. Lawrence R. Jones 1 and Joanne Siciliano-Jones 2 1. American Farm Products, Inc. 2. FARME Institute, Inc. Introduction. 113 Gut Fill Revisited Lawrence R. Jones 1 and Joanne Siciliano-Jones 2 1 American Farm Products, Inc. 2 FARME Institute, Inc. Summary Generally, a dairy cow s daily dry matter intake (DMI) will be under

More information

Dietary Protein 10/21/2010. Protein is Required for: Crude Protein Requirement. Rumen Degradable Protein (RDP)

Dietary Protein 10/21/2010. Protein is Required for: Crude Protein Requirement. Rumen Degradable Protein (RDP) Dietary Protein Dr. Mark McGuire VS Department University of Idaho Some slides adapted from Dairy Nutrition & Management (NSI 200/492), University of Illinois at Urbana-hampaign, Dr. Mike Hutjens & Jimmy

More information

SUPPLEMENTAL PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR BEEF COWS GRAZING STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS. Authors:

SUPPLEMENTAL PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR BEEF COWS GRAZING STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS. Authors: SUPPLEMENTAL PROTEIN REQUIREMENT FOR BEEF COWS GRAZING STOCKPILED BERMUDAGRASS 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: Story in Brief Pages 92-95 J.S. Wheeler, D.L. Lalman, C.A. Lents and L.A. Redmon

More information

THE EFFECTS OF CORN MILLING CO-PRODUCTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY BY BEEF CATTLE

THE EFFECTS OF CORN MILLING CO-PRODUCTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY BY BEEF CATTLE THE EFFECTS OF CORN MILLING CO-PRODUCTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND DIET DIGESTIBILITY BY BEEF CATTLE C. M. Peter, D. B. Faulkner, N. R. Merchen, D. F. Parrett, T. G. Nash, and J. M. Dahlquist SUMMARY Ninety-six

More information

As Sampled Basis nutrient results for the sample in its natural state including the water. Also known as as fed or as received.

As Sampled Basis nutrient results for the sample in its natural state including the water. Also known as as fed or as received. Understanding & Significance of Forage Analysis Results (unless otherwise noted, the following information pertains to ruminants, cattle in particular). Moisture the percent water in a sample. Dry matter

More information

Exercise 2 Feed Composition and Nutrient Requirements 20 Points

Exercise 2 Feed Composition and Nutrient Requirements 20 Points Exercise 2 Feed Composition and Nutrient Requirements 20 Points The objective of this laboratory exercise is to familiarize the student with the feed composition and nutrient requirement tables in the

More information

Utilization of distillers grains from the fermentation of sorghum or corn in diets for finishing beef and lactating dairy cattle 1,2

Utilization of distillers grains from the fermentation of sorghum or corn in diets for finishing beef and lactating dairy cattle 1,2 Utilization of distillers grains from the fermentation of sorghum or corn in diets for finishing beef and lactating dairy cattle 1,2 S. Al-Suwaiegh, K. C. Fanning, R. J. Grant 3, C. T. Milton 4, and T.

More information

Measuring DM and NDF Digestibility and Defining Their Importance

Measuring DM and NDF Digestibility and Defining Their Importance Measuring DM and NDF Digestibility and Defining Their Importance David R. Mertens USDA-ARS US Dairy Forage Research Center Why do we measure digestibility Digestibility is important because feces represent

More information

Effects of Variable Sources of Distillers Dried Grains Plus Solubles on Milk Yield and Composition'

Effects of Variable Sources of Distillers Dried Grains Plus Solubles on Milk Yield and Composition' Effects of Variable Sources of Distillers Dried Grains Plus Solubles on Milk Yield and Composition' W. J. POWERS, H. H. VAN HORN, B. HARRIS, JR., and C. J. WlLCOX Department of Dairy and Poultry Science

More information

Evaluation of Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles for Lactating Cows in Taiwan. Yuan-Kuo Chen, Ph.D.

Evaluation of Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles for Lactating Cows in Taiwan. Yuan-Kuo Chen, Ph.D. Evaluation of Distiller s Dried Grains with Solubles for Lactating Cows in Taiwan Introduction Yuan-Kuo Chen, Ph.D. Distiller s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) has been fed to cattle for more than a

More information

IN SACCO DEGRADABILITY OF WHEAT STRAW TREATED WITH UREA AND FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES

IN SACCO DEGRADABILITY OF WHEAT STRAW TREATED WITH UREA AND FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES Indian J. Anim. Res., 48 (1) : 21-26, 2014 DOI- 10.5958/j.0976-0555.48.1.005 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE www.arccjournals.com IN SACCO DEGRADABILITY OF WHEAT STRAW TREATED WITH UREA AND

More information

Distillers Grains for Dairy Cattle 1. Dr. David J. Schingoethe 2 Dairy Science Department South Dakota State University

Distillers Grains for Dairy Cattle 1. Dr. David J. Schingoethe 2 Dairy Science Department South Dakota State University Distillers Grains for Dairy Cattle 1 Dr. David J. Schingoethe 2 Dairy Science Department South Dakota State University The feeding of distillers grains to dairy cattle is nothing new; such products have

More information

Oilseed Meal Processing and Feeding Trials. William Gibbons Michael Brown, Jill Anderson South Dakota State University

Oilseed Meal Processing and Feeding Trials. William Gibbons Michael Brown, Jill Anderson South Dakota State University Oilseed Meal Processing and Feeding Trials William Gibbons Michael Brown, Jill Anderson South Dakota State University Projects Oilseed meal processing Aquaculture trials Dairy cattle trials Oilseed Meal

More information

USES OF CORN COPRODUCTS IN BEEF AND DAIRY RATIONS

USES OF CORN COPRODUCTS IN BEEF AND DAIRY RATIONS USES OF CORN COPRODUCTS IN BEEF AND DAIRY RATIONS Terry Klopfenstein and Rick Grant University of Nebraska, Lincoln USE OF CORN COPRODUCTS FOR BEEF CATTLE Distillers grains (DG) are an excellent ruminant

More information

EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTING PRAIRIE HAY WITH TWO LEVELS OF CORN AND FOUR LEVELS OF DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN. II. RUMINAL PARAMETERS OF STEERS.

EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTING PRAIRIE HAY WITH TWO LEVELS OF CORN AND FOUR LEVELS OF DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN. II. RUMINAL PARAMETERS OF STEERS. 1999 Animal Science Research Report Authors: T.N. Bodine, H.T. Purvis II and C.J. Ackerman EFFECTS OF SUPPLEMENTING PRAIRIE HAY WITH TWO LEVELS OF CORN AND FOUR LEVELS OF DEGRADABLE INTAKE PROTEIN. II.

More information

Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 1

Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 1 DS38 Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle 1 Barney Harris, Jr. 2 Proper feeding and good balanced rations remain the cornerstone of a successful dairy operation. Milk yield per cow and the cost of feed

More information

NEW/EMERGING MEASUREMENTS FOR FORAGE QUALITY. Dan Putnam 1 ABSTRACT

NEW/EMERGING MEASUREMENTS FOR FORAGE QUALITY. Dan Putnam 1 ABSTRACT NEW/EMERGING MEASUREMENTS FOR FORAGE QUALITY Dan Putnam 1 ABSTRACT A nationally accepted standard hay test for alfalfa hay has included measurement of Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Neutral Detergent Fiber

More information

The effect of age on in sacco estimates of rumen dry matter and crude protein degradability in veal calves

The effect of age on in sacco estimates of rumen dry matter and crude protein degradability in veal calves The effect of age on in sacco estimates of rumen dry matter and crude protein degradability in veal calves 212 L. Holtshausen and C.W. Cruywagen # Department of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch,

More information

Reproductive efficiency Environment 120 Low P ( ) High P ( ) ays

Reproductive efficiency Environment 120 Low P ( ) High P ( ) ays The impact of P on absorbable P in dairy cattle rations Why the concern over P in dairy rations Reproductive efficiency Environment Phosphorus and Dairy Nutrition Perceived relationship of P content of

More information

COW SUPPLEMENTATION: GETTING THE BEST BANG FOR YOUR BUCK. Low Quality Forage. Ruminant Digestive Anatomy. How do we get the best bang for the buck?

COW SUPPLEMENTATION: GETTING THE BEST BANG FOR YOUR BUCK. Low Quality Forage. Ruminant Digestive Anatomy. How do we get the best bang for the buck? COW SUPPLEMENTATION: GETTING THE BEST BANG FOR YOUR BUCK Ken Olson Extension Beef Specialist How do we get the best bang for the buck? 2 aspects: Biology: Use the right feeds to provide the right nutrients

More information

A Comparison of MIN-AD to MgO and Limestone in Peripartum Nutrition

A Comparison of MIN-AD to MgO and Limestone in Peripartum Nutrition A Comparison of MIN-AD to MgO and Limestone in Peripartum Nutrition D-9.0-03/17 Introduction Recent research has linked subclinical hypocalcemia, which impacts 11-25% of first lactation heifers and 42-60%

More information

,*+*. 1,*+* ,,- 0 0 ALT BMS, BCS, BFS, 0* 2+ (), ,,*+*

,*+*. 1,*+* ,,- 0 0 ALT BMS, BCS, BFS, 0* 2+ (), ,,*+* + + +,,, + + + 20+ ++3,, 233-/+0,*+* 1,*+* 1 +0 +,,- 0 0 / g-gtp, AST, ALT BMS, BCS, BFS, 0* 2+ (), 2+ 22,,*+* TDN,/,**2,**3 12 +*,**2 22,**3,**3 -*,**+,**- ;,**-,**-,**- : fax : *30,3 +**, e-mail : kamiqa#

More information

Nitrogen, Ammonia Emissions and the Dairy Cow

Nitrogen, Ammonia Emissions and the Dairy Cow Nitrogen, Ammonia Emissions and the Dairy Cow Virginia Ishler Topics: Nitrogen from the farm to the environment Ration balancing to minimize nitrogen excretion Feeding management strategies to minimize

More information

Nutritional evaluation of Erianthus spp., Saccharum spontaneum, and Saccharum spp. hybrids as feed

Nutritional evaluation of Erianthus spp., Saccharum spontaneum, and Saccharum spp. hybrids as feed JARQ 49 (1), 73-78 (2015) http://www.jircas.affrc.go.jp Nutritional evaluation of Erianthus spp., Saccharum spontaneum, and Saccharum spp. hybrids as feed Tomoyuki SUZUKI 1 *, Osamu ENISHI 2, Weraphon

More information

MODELING MILK COMPOSITION. J.P. Cant Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph, Canada INTRODUCTION

MODELING MILK COMPOSITION. J.P. Cant Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph, Canada INTRODUCTION MODELING MILK COMPOSITION J.P. Cant Department of Animal and Poultry Science University of Guelph, Canada INTRODUCTION "Modeling" has taken on the status of a buzz word in the past few years but animal

More information

Understanding and Managing Variation in Nutrient Composition

Understanding and Managing Variation in Nutrient Composition Understanding and Managing Variation in Nutrient Composition Bill Weiss Department of Animal Sciences Ohio State University Wooster 44691 Phone: 330-263-3622 email: weiss.6@osu.edu Normand St-Pierre Department

More information

Degradation Characteristics and Energy Value of Grains, Oil Seed Cakes and Agroindustrial By-Products

Degradation Characteristics and Energy Value of Grains, Oil Seed Cakes and Agroindustrial By-Products Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition Degradation Characteristics and Energy Value of Grains, Oil Seed Cakes and Agroindustrial By-Products Sonali Prusty*, S.S. Kundu, Umesh Sontakke and P.A. Bala Dairy Cattle

More information

EVOL VING FORAGE QUALITY CONCEPTS

EVOL VING FORAGE QUALITY CONCEPTS EVOL VING FORAGE QUALITY CONCEPTS Dr. Dan Undersander Forage Research and Extension Agronomist UniversityofWisconsin As we begin our discussion of forage quality concepts, we should remember why we are

More information

Randomness Rules: Living with Variation in the Nutrient Composition of Concentrate Feeds 1

Randomness Rules: Living with Variation in the Nutrient Composition of Concentrate Feeds 1 Randomness Rules: Living with Variation in the Nutrient Composition of Concentrate Feeds 1 William P. Weiss Department of Animal Sciences Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center The Ohio State

More information

Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements

Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements Beef Cattle Nutrient Requirements Nutrients Required by Beef Cattle Beef cattle require nutrients to support body maintenance, reproduction, lactation, and growth. The nutritional needs of beef cattle

More information

Production Costs. Learning Objectives. Essential Nutrients. The Marvels of Ruminant Digestion

Production Costs. Learning Objectives. Essential Nutrients. The Marvels of Ruminant Digestion Feeding for 2: Understanding How to Feed the Goat and her Rumen Robert Van Saun, DVM, MS, PhD Extension Veterinarian Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences The Marvels of Ruminant Digestion This

More information

Feeding Value of DDGS for Swine, Dairy, and Beef. Dr. Jerry Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota

Feeding Value of DDGS for Swine, Dairy, and Beef. Dr. Jerry Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota Feeding Value of DDGS for Swine, Dairy, and Beef Dr. Jerry Shurson Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota What is DDGS? By-product of the dry-milling ethanol industry Nutrient composition

More information

The Use of Apple Pomace in Rice Straw Based Diets of Korean Native Goats (Capra hircus)

The Use of Apple Pomace in Rice Straw Based Diets of Korean Native Goats (Capra hircus) 1599 The Use of Apple Pomace in Rice Straw Based Diets of Korean Native Goats (Capra hircus) J. H. Ahn*, I. H. Jo 1 and J. S. Lee 2 Department of Dairy Science, Dairy Extension Service Center, Hankyong

More information