FURTHER STUDIES UPON THE PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF MALT AMYLASE

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "FURTHER STUDIES UPON THE PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF MALT AMYLASE"

Transcription

1 FURTHER STUDIES UPON THE PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF MALT AMYLASE BY H. C. SHERMAN, M. L. CALDWELL, AND S. E. DOEBBELING (From the Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York) (Received for publication, January 9, 1934) Reports by Liiers and Sellner (1) upon the purification of malt amylase as well as our own experience (2) in the purification of pancreatic amylase led us to continued efforts to increase the activity and presumably the purity of preparations of malt amylase. These have resulted in the development of a new method by which preparations of much higher saccharogenic activity than any previously reported for this amylase may be consistently obtained. Additional insight into the properties of the enzyme has also resulted from this work. The method of obtaining these highly active preparations consists of fractional precipitation of extracts of barley malt by ammonium sulfate, solution of the most highly active fraction, dialysis to remove sulfate, repeated fractionation by ammonium sulfate with solution and dialysis of the best fraction in each case until no further increase in the activity per mg. of solid in the dialyzed solution occurs, concentration of the final dialyzed solution, fractional precipitation by alcohol, and finally precipitation by alcohol and ether. A typical product of such a procedure formed approximately 10,000 times its weight of maltose from 2 per cent starch in 30 minutes at 40 (3) at a dilution of 1:9,000,000. The activities of these preparations on the scale of Sherman, Kendall, and Clark (4) are 3800 to Thus, they show as high sugarforming activity as the most active preparations of pancreatic amylase so far obtained. 1 Barley malt of high diastatic activity was kindly supplied by Messrs. A. Schwill and Company through the courtesy of Mr. Robert Schwartz and Mr. Oscar Ruh. 591

2 502 Malt Amylase When freshly prepared, the material is readily soluble in water but becomes less soluble upon drying. It contains approximately 16 per cent nitrogen and gives the usual protein color reactions. Even in the relatively concentrated dialyzed solutions before the fractionation with alcohol, the Molisch test was negative. As purification is increased, the stability in solution is markedly decreased although to a much less extent than is observed with solutions of pancreatic amylase (5). The different conditions for optimal activity as well as other differences in properties show conclusively that malt and pancreatic amylases are different substances although of similarly high saccharogenic activity, and of protein nature. Some of the results obtained in developing the method, and observations made upon factors which influence the results may be of interest to other investigators. Injtuence of TemperatureIn order to obtain highly active preparations it is essential that the solutions be cold. This is emphasized by Liiers and Sellner (1) and has repeatedly been found to be true in our work. For this reason, solutions were kept at all times either in a refrigerator or in ice baths. We were fortunate in having available a mechanically cooled centrifuge2 which was regulated to approximately O so that even during the centrifuging the solutions remained cold. Dial~sisDialysis plays an important part in the purification. While this may be the source of large losses of enzyme (6) and of irregular results, it is a most useful step if suitably carried out. Many measurements of the activity of solutions of malt amylase before and after dialysis have shown that very little loss of this enzyme need occur during dialysis provided membranes free from mechanical defects are used, the temperature is maintained at approximately O, and the time of dialysis is kept as short as possible. We have found Thorns (7) dialyzers very helpful when sufficiently large volumes of solution are available for dialysis. The membranes were prepared as described by White (8) and soaked in 95 per cent alcohol for 24 hours to increase their permeability (9). For small volumes of solution, nitrocellulose membranes which * Manufactured by the International Equipment Company, Boston.

3 Sherman, Caldwell, and Doebbeling may be purchased3 in the form of tubing of different diameters and which may be cut and tied to any desired lengths have been found very satisfactory. By placing several such bags in a large volume of water in the refrigerator and changing the water frequently the dialysis can be made to proceed rapidly. Precipitation by Ammonium SulfateA systematic study was made of the use of ammonium sulfate for the separation of active from inert material in solutions of malt amylase. Fractional precipitation is more efficient than precipitation or reprecipitation with a single concentration of this salt and repeated fractionation with this reagent increases its efficiency. Typical data are given in Tables I and II. By treating aliquot portions of a malt extract4 each with a different weight of solid ammonium sulfate, including 10, 20, 30, 35,40, 45,50, 60, and 70 gm. per 100 cc., precipitates of different volumes and amylase activities were obtained. The greatest recovery of activity and the highest activity per volume of precipitate were found in the precipitates produced by the use of 20,30, and 35 gm. of ammonium sulfate per 100 cc. of extract. Fractional precipitation of malt extracts with use, consecutively, of the weights of ammonium sulfate given above, but with the removal of each precipitate as it formed, resulted in increased activity of the most active fractions which again followed the use of 20 to 35 gm. of the salt per 100 cc. of the extracts. In order to make possible quantitative comparisons of the activities of the different fractions, each precipitate was dissolved in water and dialyzed against cold distilled water until free from sulfate. Activity and total solids were then determined in the dialyzed solutions and activity per mg. of total solid calculated. The results were also calculated to activities on the scale of Sherman, Kendall, and Clark (4). Thus expressed, the original malt extract, in a typical case, had a power of 45 and the dialyzed solutions had powers of 80, 760, 954, and 103, respectively, after the fractional precipitation with 0 to 10, 10 to 20, 20 to 35, and 35 to 40 gm. of ammonium sulfate per 100 cc. of original extract. 3 Visking Corporation, Chicago. 4 The extracts were prepared in all cases by mixing finely ground barley malt with 2.5 times its weight of cold distilled water, letting it stand with occasional shaking in the refrigerator for 2 hours, and centrifuging.

4 504 Malt Amylase The solution remaining after the removal of the 35 to 40 gm. fraction had no measurable activity. Closer fractionation did not improve the results. The power of the most active dialyzed solutions thus obtained and of the products resulting from them by subsequent alcohol precipitation may be further increased by repeating the fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate, solution, and dialysis, several times. In attempts to obtain as highly active final products as possible, the fractional precipitation with ammonium sulfate and dialysis are repeated until fractionation of inert material from the amylase no longer occurs and the activity of the resulting dialyzed solution fails to increase. The number of fractionations necessary to reach this point may differ with different solutions. Fractional Precipitation with AlcoholAfter being dialyzed free from sulfate and tested for activity, the solutions resulting from the treatment with ammonium sulfate were fractionally precipitated with alcohol. Even with such solutions, of an already relatively high degree of purification, a severalfold increase in activity is thus attained. In one case, a solution with a power of 1950 yielded a precipitate with a power of 4500 when fractionally precipitated with alcohol. This increase in saccharogenic activity per mg. of solid was accompanied by a correspondingly large increase in activity per mg. of nitrogen showing the removal of a relatively large amount of inactive nitrogenous material which had been carried along with the enzyme in the previous repeated fractionations with ammonium sulfate. The data assembled in Tables I and II confirm previous findings (10) that fractionation with alcohol is an efficient method for the separation of inert material from malt amylase either in crude extracts or in partially purified solutions, and show that, in general, the more highly purified the solution subjected to the alcohol treatment the higher will be the saccharogenic activity of the resulting products. They also show that repeated fractionation with ammonium sulfate as well as fractionation with alcohol is necessary to remove much of the inactive material which accompanies this enzyme in extracts of barley malt. In the fractionation with alcohol of solutions of malt amylase of widely different degrees of purity, the precipitates produced by

5 TABLE Influence of Ptedpitation and Fractional Precipitation with Ammonium Sulfate upon Purijication of Malt Amulase from Extracts of Barley Malt Experi. merit NO. Treatment ammonium with sulfate Solution after dialysis *In. par loo cc. power 1 None, malt extract 46* O None, malt extract 46* O Remaining solution Negligible * Not dialyzed. TABLE I II T Fractional precipitation with alcohol O60 era?" Jcoho T 50w cr ten,icohol 6065 K?r call dcohol power PWe+ power pourer Negligible Negligible Znjluence of Repeated Fractional Precipitation by Ammonium Sulfate upon Purification of Malt Amylase Treatment with ammonium sulfate *m. per loo 1. None, malt extract gm. fractiont Repeated, 2035 gm. fraction O35 ( i: 2. None, malt extract gm. fractiont..... Repeated, 2035 gm. fraction Xl o35 ;.. cc. I solution after dialysis &SO 6060 Br ten ler Cal t,lcohol rlcohol Power 54* ; Power power p0ujtp pouw ooo l Not dialyzed. t In each case the precipitates obtained by the use of 0 to 10 and then 10 to 20 gm. of ammonium sulfate per 100 cc. were discarded. Those formed by the use of 20 to 35 gm. per 100 cc. were dissolved in as little water as possible and dialyzed free from sulfate. t No precipitate formed upon the addition of 20 gm. of the salt per 100 cc. of dialyzed solution. 505

6 506 Malt Amylase bringing the solutions to 50 and then to 60 per cent alcohol by volume were both invariably of low saccharogenic activity. More highly active final products resulted, however, if each of these fractions was precipitated and removed separately than if one 60 per cent alcohol fraction was obtained and discarded. After the removal of these precipitates, the solutions were brought to 65 per cent alcohol and after being centrifuged were treated with ether equal in volume to that of the original enzyme solution. The highest activity per mg. of solid may be found in the precipitate produced by the 65 per cent alcohol fraction, in the alcohol plus ether fraction, or in both. Precipitates produced by fractions of alcohol higher than 65 per cent were invariably low in saccharogenie activity. While fractional precipitation with alcohol is an efficient means for the purification of malt amylase, any prolonged contact of this enzyme with alcohol causes rapid loss of activity which becomes more noticeable as the purification increases. If the precipitates produced by the alcohol and ether are immediately redissolved in water and activity and total solids determined, higher powers will usually be obtained than if the precipitate is allowed to dry on a watch crystal over sulfuric acid in a dessicator kept in the refrigerator. It is, therefore, preferable, when feasible, to study this enzyme in freshly prepared solutions of its freshly precipitated undried preparations. The decrease in power upon drying, however, is variable and may be reduced by removing the supernat,ant alcohol as completely as possible from the precipitates before drying. Touching the precipitates on the watch crystal with the torn edges of filter paper to remove alcohol is helpful in this connection. The products are typically protein and it is probable that the alcohol causes a denaturation of the protein with resulting loss of activity. Influence of Concentration of Solutions of Malt Amylase upon Activity of Final ProductsThe activity of the product obtained by fractional precipitation by alcohol depends not only upon the degree of purification or activity per mg. of solid of the solution used for the fractionation as shown in Tables I and II but also upon its concentration or activity per volume of the solution. Solutions of malt amylase of approximately the same activity per mg. of solid will yield, upon alcohol fractionation, products of

7 Sherman, Caldwell, and Doebbeling 507 widely different activities depending upon their concentrations. This is shown by the data collected in Table III in which the data for the same solutions at different concentrations are compared. Concentration of Solutions of Malt Amy&xAs the activities of the final products are thus markedly influenced by the concentration of the solution used for the fractional precipitation by TABLE Injluence of Concentration of Solutions of Partially Purijled Malt Amylase upon Activities of Products Obtained by Fractional Precipitation by Alcohol Erperi O merit Treatment of solution* x?r cent mr cent mr cent No. alcohol slcohol rlcohol III Solutions Products of fractional precipitation 65 leer cant dcohol t ether. power Power polver power pout7 1 Dialyzed solution Concentrated 50 per centt Diluted 50 per cent Dialyzed solution Concentrated 50 per centt Dialyzed solution Concentrated 75 per centt Dialyzed solution Concentrated 25 per cent? t t * Each of these solutions was obtained by fractional precipitation of malt extract by ammonium sulfate, solution of most active precipitate, and dialysis until free from sulfate. t Concentrated at low temperature in nitrocellulose bags as explained in text. alcohol, the dialyses were arranged to take place with as little increase in volume of the enzyme solution as possible. The concentration of the dialyzed solution could be further increased by using, for the dialysis, saturated solutions or even suspensions instead of solutions of the precipitates produced by ammonium sulfate. The volume of water was just sufficient to transfer the suspended precipitates to the dialyzing membranes. As the sulfate was removed by dialysis the precipitates continued

8 Malt Amylase to dissolve. After such treatment the fractional precipitation by alcohol and ether gave products of higher activities than had previously been obtained. Lutz (11) has found it possible to concentrate solutions of invertase by evaporation brought about by fanning in air the nitrocellulose bags which contain the solutions. This is a suitable way in which to concentrate solutions of malt amylase also. The rapid evaporation keeps the solutions cool and usually little if any loss in activity occurred when the dialyzed solutions were thus concentrated 50 to 75 per cent. This is shown by the powers given in Table III for solutions before and after concentration. In a typical experiment a solution which was concentrated in this way to approximately onehalf its volume caused the formation of 344 mg. of maltose per 0.1 cc. before and of 685 mg. of maltose per 0.1 cc. after the concentration. Partial freezing has been suggested as a method for the concentration of enzyme solutions. It was found in this investigation that relatively dilute solutions of malt amylase may readily be concentrated in this way, the enzyme being concentrated in the unfrozen portion of the solutions. With dilute solutions very little loss of enzyme occurred either by removal with the ice or through inactivation. As the freezing of a solution was repeated and the solution became more concentrated, however, marked inactivation of the enzyme occurred. This is probably due to a denaturation of the protein such as occurs with other typical proteins under similar conditions. Adsorption by Alumina GelAdsorption of the enzyme from its solutions by alumina gel (1) with its subsequent elution (12) from the gel was introduced at different stages of the purification process. These steps were found to be relatively inefficient in the purification of this enzyme when compared with the precipitation by ammonium sulfate and alcohol described here, and their use in conjunction with the precipitation procedures did not increase the activity of the final products. SUMMARY A method for the purification of malt amylase which yields products of much higher saccharogenic activity than any previously reported for this enzyme has been developed. It is described briefly and discussed.

9 Sherman, Caldwell, and Doebbeling The material thus purified contains about 16 per cent nitrogen, shows all the ordinary protein color reactions, and also behaves like typical protein in respect to precipitation and denaturation. The denaturation of the protein and the loss of enzymic activity coincide. In respect to the relative prominence of its starchsplitting and sugarforming activities, the material purified by the method here described appears to correspond to the /3amylase discussed by Kuhn (13). BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Ltiers, H., and Sellner, E., Woch. Brau., 49, 97 (1925). 2. Sherman, H. C., Caldwell, M. L., and Adams, M., J. Biol. Chem., 68, 295 (1930). 3. Sherman, H. C., Thomas, A. W., and Caldwell, M. L., J. Am. Chem. Sot., 46, 1712 (1924). 4. Sherman, H. C., Kendall, E. C., and Clark, E. D., J. Am. Chem. SOL, 32, 1073 (1910). 5. Sherman, H. C., and Schlesinger, M. D., J. Am. Chem. SOL, 33, 1195 (1911). 6. Sherman, H. C., Caldwell, M. L., and Adams, M., J. Am. Chem. Sot., 43, 2947 (1926). 7. Thorns, H., Ber. them. Ges., 69,1253 (1917). 8. White, W., Dissertation, Columbia University (1926). 9. Brown, W., Biochem. J., 9, 589 (1925). 10. Sherman, H. C., and Schlesinger, M. D., J. Am. Chem. Sot., 36, 1617 (1913). 11. Lutz, J. G., personal communication. 12. Caldwell, M. L., and Doebbeling, S. E., J. Biol. Chem., 98,553 (1932). 13. Kuhn, R., Ann. Chem., 443,1 (1925).

10 FURTHER STUDIES UPON THE PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF MALT AMYLASE H. C. Sherman, M. L. Caldwell and S. E. Doebbeling J. Biol. Chem. 1934, 104: Access the most updated version of this article at Alerts: When this article is cited When a correction for this article is posted Click here to choose from all of JBC's alerts This article cites 0 references, 0 of which can be accessed free at tml#reflist1

A STUDY OF THE CONCENTRATION AND PROPERTIES OF TWO AMYLASES OF BARLEY MALT

A STUDY OF THE CONCENTRATION AND PROPERTIES OF TWO AMYLASES OF BARLEY MALT A STUDY OF THE CONCENTRATION AND PROPERTIES OF TWO AMYLASES OF BARLEY MALT BY M. L. CALDWELL AND S. E. DOEBBELING (From the Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York) (Received for publication,

More information

THE ULTRAFILTRATION OF MALT AMYLASE SOLUTIONS

THE ULTRAFILTRATION OF MALT AMYLASE SOLUTIONS THE ULTRAFILTRATION OF MALT AMYLASE SOLUTIONS BY CORNELIA T. SNELL (From the Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York) (Received for publication, October 19, 1933) INTRODUCTION Semipermeable

More information

STUDIES ON CHOLINESTERASE*

STUDIES ON CHOLINESTERASE* STUDIES ON CHOLINESTERASE* III. PURIFICATION OF THE ENZYME FROM ELECTRIC TISSUE BY FRACTIONAL AMMONIUM SULFATE PRECIPITATION BY MORTIMER A. ROTHENBERG AND DAVID NACHMANSOHN (From the Departments of Neurology

More information

PURIFICATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND THROMBIN : CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED PREPARATIONS*

PURIFICATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND THROMBIN : CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED PREPARATIONS* PURIFICATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND THROMBIN : CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED PREPARATIONS* BY WALTER H. SEEGERS (Prom the Department of Pathology, State University of Zowa, Iowa City) (Received for publication,

More information

(From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey)

(From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Jersey) CRYSTALLIZATION OF SALT-FREE CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN AND CHYMOTRYPSIN FROM SOLUTION IN DILUTE ETHYL ALCOHOL BY M. KUNITZ (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New

More information

THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN THE ESTIMATION OF TRYPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN BY M. L. ANSON Am) A. E. MIRSKY (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, N. J., and the Hospital of The Rockefeller

More information

TRANSAMINASES IN SMOOTH BRUCELLA ABORTUS, STRAIN 19

TRANSAMINASES IN SMOOTH BRUCELLA ABORTUS, STRAIN 19 TRANSAMINASES IN SMOOTH BRUCELLA ABORTUS, STRAIN 19 BY ROBERT A. ALTENBERN AND RILEY D. HOUSEWRIGHT (From the Chemical Corps Biological Laboratories, Camp Detrick, Frederick, Maryland) (Received for publication,

More information

THE BACTERICIDAL PROPERTIES OF ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATED LIPIDS OF THE SKIN

THE BACTERICIDAL PROPERTIES OF ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATED LIPIDS OF THE SKIN THE BACTERICIDAL PROPERTIES OF ULTRAVIOLET IRRADIATED LIPIDS OF THE SKIN BY FRANKLIN A. STEVENS, M.D. (From the Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the

More information

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN V. ISOLATION OF CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN FROM BOVINE GASTRIC JUICE BY JOHN H. NORTHROP

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN V. ISOLATION OF CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN FROM BOVINE GASTRIC JUICE BY JOHN H. NORTHROP CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN V. ISOLATION OF CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN FROM BOVINE GASTRIC JUICE BY JOHN H. NORTHROP (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, N. J.) (Accepted

More information

Biochemical Techniques 06 Salt Fractionation of Proteins. Biochemistry

Biochemical Techniques 06 Salt Fractionation of Proteins. Biochemistry . 1 Description of Module Subject Name Paper Name 12 Module Name/Title 2 1. Objectives Understanding the concept of protein fractionation Understanding protein fractionation with salt 2. Concept Map 3.

More information

A STUDY OF THE METABOLISM OF THEOBROMINE, THEOPHYLLINE, AND CAFFEINE IN MAN* Previous studies (1, 2) have shown that after the ingestion of caffeine

A STUDY OF THE METABOLISM OF THEOBROMINE, THEOPHYLLINE, AND CAFFEINE IN MAN* Previous studies (1, 2) have shown that after the ingestion of caffeine A STUDY OF THE METABOLISM OF THEOBROMINE, THEOPHYLLINE, AND CAFFEINE IN MAN* BY HERBERT H. CORNISH AND A. A. CHRISTMAN (From the Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, University of Michigan,

More information

STUDIES OF THE HEMAGGLUTININ OF HAEMOPHILUS PERTUSSIS HIDEO FUKUMI, HISASHI SHIMAZAKI, SADAO KOBAYASHI AND TATSUJI UCHIDA

STUDIES OF THE HEMAGGLUTININ OF HAEMOPHILUS PERTUSSIS HIDEO FUKUMI, HISASHI SHIMAZAKI, SADAO KOBAYASHI AND TATSUJI UCHIDA STUDIES OF THE HEMAGGLUTININ OF HAEMOPHILUS PERTUSSIS HIDEO FUKUMI, HISASHI SHIMAZAKI, SADAO KOBAYASHI AND TATSUJI UCHIDA The National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan (Received: August 3rd, 1953) INTRODUCTION

More information

ACETONE DERIVATIVES OF d-ribose. II.

ACETONE DERIVATIVES OF d-ribose. II. ACETONE DERIVATIVES OF d-ribose. II. BY P. A. LEVENE AND ERIC T. STILLER* (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York) (Received for publication, June 14, 1934) The

More information

THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED TRYPSIN

THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED TRYPSIN Published Online: 20 January, 1934 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.17.3.393 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on November 8, 2018 THE EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN ACTIVE NATIVE TRYPSIN AND INACTIVE DENATURED

More information

THE EFFECT OF DENATURATION ON THE VISCOSITY OF PROTEIN SYSTEMS BY M. L. ANSON A~D A. E. MIRSKY. (Accepted for publication, December 2, 1931)

THE EFFECT OF DENATURATION ON THE VISCOSITY OF PROTEIN SYSTEMS BY M. L. ANSON A~D A. E. MIRSKY. (Accepted for publication, December 2, 1931) THE EFFECT OF DENATURATION ON THE VISCOSITY OF PROTEIN SYSTEMS BY M. L. ANSON A~D A. E. MIRSKY (From tke Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, N. Y., and the ttospital

More information

STUDIES ON GLUTELINS. (Received for publication, March 2, 1927.)

STUDIES ON GLUTELINS. (Received for publication, March 2, 1927.) STUDIES ON GLUTELINS. I. THE 01- AND,8-GLUTELINS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM VULGARE).* BY FRANK A. CSONKA AND D. BREESE JONES. (From the Protein Investigation Laboratory, Bureau of Chemistry, United States Department

More information

DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS

DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY THE USE OF ADSORPTION INDICATORS THE USE OF DICHLOROFLUORESCEIN FOR THE VOLUMETRIC MICRODETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES IN ZINC FILTRATES OF BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

More information

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP. (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, iv. J.

CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP. (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, iv. J. CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN III. PREPARATION OF ACTIVE CRYSTALLINE PEPSIN FROM INACTIVE DENATURED PEPSIN BY JOHN H. NORTHROP (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton,

More information

A CHICK GROWTH FACTOR IN COW MANURE VII. ITS STABILITY AND SOLUBILITY BY H. R. BIRD, MAX RUBIN, AND A. C. GROSCHKE

A CHICK GROWTH FACTOR IN COW MANURE VII. ITS STABILITY AND SOLUBILITY BY H. R. BIRD, MAX RUBIN, AND A. C. GROSCHKE A CHICK GROWTH FACTOR IN COW MANURE VII. ITS STABILITY AND SOLUBILITY BY H. R. BIRD, MAX RUBIN, AND A. C. GROSCHKE (From the Bureau of Animal Industry, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville,

More information

FUNCTION OF PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE: RESOLUTION AND PURIFICATION OF THE TRYPTOPHANASE ENZYME OF ESCHERICHIA COLI

FUNCTION OF PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE: RESOLUTION AND PURIFICATION OF THE TRYPTOPHANASE ENZYME OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FUNCTION OF PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE: RESOLUTION AND PURIFICATION OF THE TRYPTOPHANASE ENZYME OF ESCHERICHIA COLI BY W. A. WOOD,* I. c. GUNSALUS, AND W. W. UMBREIT (From the Laboratory of Bacteriology, College

More information

Midi Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit

Midi Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit Midi Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit Cat #:DP022MD/ DP022MD-50 Size:10/50 reactions Store at RT For research use only 1 Description: The Midi Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit provides a rapid, simple

More information

THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN*

THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN* THE MILK-CLOTTING ACTION OF PAPAIN* BY A. K. BALLS.4ND SAM R. HOOVER (From the Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington) (Received for

More information

THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE*

THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE* THE HYDROLYSIS OF STARCH BY HYDROGEN PEROXIDE AND FERROUS SULFATE* BY W. R. BROWN (From Ihe Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati) (Received for publication, November 21, 1935)

More information

BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CARBOHYDRATES. XL. Preparation of Mucoitin* from Umbilical Cords.

BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CARBOHYDRATES. XL. Preparation of Mucoitin* from Umbilical Cords. The Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 28, No. 3. BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON CARBOHYDRATES. XL. Preparation of Mucoitin* from Umbilical Cords. MASAMI BY SUZUKI. (From the Medico-Chemical Institute, Hokkaido Imperial

More information

THE ISOLATION OF A MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM SYNOVIAL FLUID*

THE ISOLATION OF A MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM SYNOVIAL FLUID* THE ISOLATION OF A MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDE FROM SYNOVIAL FLUID* BY KARL MEYER, ELIZABETH M. SMYTH, AND MARTIN H. DAWSON (From the Department of Ophthalmology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University,

More information

ON THE DETERMINATION OF UROBILIN IN URINE.

ON THE DETERMINATION OF UROBILIN IN URINE. ON THE DETERMINATION OF UROBILIN IN URINE. PRELIMINARY REPORT. RY S. MARCUSSEN AND SVEND HANSEN. (From the Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,.) (Received for publication, September 20,

More information

COMPLEX SALTS OF AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES

COMPLEX SALTS OF AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES COMPLEX SALTS OF AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES II. DETERMINATION OF Z-PROLINE WITH THE AID OF RHODAN- ILIC ACID. THE STRUCTURE OF GELATIN BY MAX BERGMANN (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT*

THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT* THE DETERMINATION OF SUGAR IN BLOOD AND SPINAL FLUID WITH ANTHRONE REAGENT* BY JOSEPH H. ROE (From the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, D. C.) (Received

More information

ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF A SEROLOGICALLY ACTIVE PHOSPHOLIPID FROM BEEF HEART

ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF A SEROLOGICALLY ACTIVE PHOSPHOLIPID FROM BEEF HEART SOLATON AND PURFCATON OF A SEROLOGCALLY ACTVE PHOSPHOLPD FROM BEEF HEART BY MARY C. PANGBORN (From the Division of Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany) (Received for

More information

CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE. Cellulosum microcristallinum. Cellulose, microcrystalline EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 7.0

CELLULOSE, MICROCRYSTALLINE. Cellulosum microcristallinum. Cellulose, microcrystalline EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 7.0 Cellulose, microcrystalline EUROPEAN PHARMACOPOEIA 7.0 Phthaloyl groups (C 8 H 5 O 3 ; M r 149.1): typically 30.0 per cent to 36.0 per cent (anhydrous and acid-free substance). Dissolve 1.000 g in 50 ml

More information

CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CONJUGATED CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEINS IV. Tm~ SX~TI~SlS of Tm~ p-amn~obenzx~ ETm~R OF THE SOLUBLE

CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CONJUGATED CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEINS IV. Tm~ SX~TI~SlS of Tm~ p-amn~obenzx~ ETm~R OF THE SOLUBLE Published Online: 1 September, 1931 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1084/jem.54.3.431 Downloaded from jem.rupress.org on October 31, 2018 CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON CONJUGATED CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEINS IV.

More information

A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE.

A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE. A MICRO TIME METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANALYSIS OF BLOOD AND URINE. BY JAMES A. HAWKINS. (From Ike Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research,

More information

COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URIC ACID.

COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URIC ACID. COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF URIC ACID. ESTIMATION OF 0.03 TO 0.5 MG. QUANTITIES BY A NEW METHOD. BY J. LUCIEN MORRIS AND A. GARRARD MACLEOD. (From the Biochemistry Laboratory of the School of Medicine,

More information

Further study has tended to confirm this interpretation.

Further study has tended to confirm this interpretation. PROPERTIES OF AN ANTICOAGULANT FOUND IN THE BLOOD OF A HEMOPHILIAC By F. L. MUNRO (From the Charlotte Drake Cardeza Foundation, Department of Medicine, College and Hospital, Philadelphia) Jefferson Medical

More information

XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES.

XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES. XXVI. STUDIES ON THE INTERACTION. OF AMINO-COMPOUNDS AND CARBOHYDRATES. II. THE PREPARATION OF GLUCOSE UREIDE. BY ALEXANDER HYND. From the Department of Physiology, University of St Andrews. (Received

More information

NEW ONE-STAGE PROCEDURES FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND LABILE FACTOR*

NEW ONE-STAGE PROCEDURES FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND LABILE FACTOR* NEW ONE-STAGE PROCEDURES FOR THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PROTHROMBIN AND LABILE FACTOR* MARIO STEFANINI, M.D.f From the Department ofbiochemistry, Marquette University School of Medicine, Milwaukee,

More information

THE ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A STARCH POLYSACCHARIDE FROM THE LEAF TISSUE OF THE APPLE TREE (MALUS MALUS)

THE ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A STARCH POLYSACCHARIDE FROM THE LEAF TISSUE OF THE APPLE TREE (MALUS MALUS) THE ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A STARCH POLYSACCHARIDE FROM THE LEAF TISSUE OF THE APPLE TREE (MALUS MALUS) BY CARL NIEMANN, ARTHUR B. ANDERSON, AND KARL PAUL LINK (From the Biochemistry Research

More information

THE EFFECT OF TITANIUM ON THE OXIDATION OF SULFHYDRYL GROUPS BY VARIOUS TISSUES

THE EFFECT OF TITANIUM ON THE OXIDATION OF SULFHYDRYL GROUPS BY VARIOUS TISSUES THE EFFECT OF TITANIUM ON THE OXIDATION OF SULFHYDRYL GROUPS BY VARIOUS TISSUES BY FREDERICK BERNHEIM AND MARY L. C. BERNHEIM (From the Departments oj Physiology and Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Duke

More information

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ACIDS ON THE DIGESTION OF PROTEINS BY PEPSIN.

THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ACIDS ON THE DIGESTION OF PROTEINS BY PEPSIN. Published Online: 20 July, 1919 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.1.6.607 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on August 20, 2018 THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS ACIDS ON THE DIGESTION OF PROTEINS BY PEPSIN. BY J.

More information

Experiment 1. Isolation of Glycogen from rat Liver

Experiment 1. Isolation of Glycogen from rat Liver Experiment 1 Isolation of Glycogen from rat Liver Figure 35: FIG-2, Liver, PAS, 100x. Note the presence of a few scattered glycogen granules (GG). Objective To illustrate the method for isolating glycogen.

More information

THE EFFECT OF TESTICULAR EXTRACTS ON THE BLOOD CALCIUM

THE EFFECT OF TESTICULAR EXTRACTS ON THE BLOOD CALCIUM 55 THE EFFECT OF TESTICULAR EXTRACTS ON THE BLOOD CALCIUM BY L. MIRVISH AND L. P. BOSMAN. (From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Cape Town.) {Received 12th February 1929.) IT has long been

More information

THE CHEMISTRY OF THE LIPIDS OF TUBERCLE BACILLI

THE CHEMISTRY OF THE LIPIDS OF TUBERCLE BACILLI THE CHEMISTRY OF THE LIPIDS OF TUBERCLE BACILLI LXXII. FATTY ACIDS OCCURRING IN THE WAX PREPARED FROM TUBERCULIN RESIDUES. CONCERNING MYCOCEROSIC ACID* BY LEONARD G. GINGER? AND R. J. ANDERSON (From the

More information

SOLUBILITY STUDIES ON PURIFIED TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS

SOLUBILITY STUDIES ON PURIFIED TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS SOLUBILITY STUDIES ON PURIFIED TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS BY HUBERT S. LORING (From the Department of Animal and Plant Pathology of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton, New Yersey) (Received

More information

II. IMPROVED METHOD OF ISOLATION; INHIBITION AND INACTIVATION; REACTION WITH OXYGEN. BY ERWIN HAAS, CARTER J. HARRER, AND T. It.

II. IMPROVED METHOD OF ISOLATION; INHIBITION AND INACTIVATION; REACTION WITH OXYGEN. BY ERWIN HAAS, CARTER J. HARRER, AND T. It. CYTOCHROME REDUCTASE II. IMPROVED METHOD OF ISOLATION; INHIBITION AND INACTIVATION; REACTION WITH OXYGEN BY ERWIN HAAS, CARTER J. HARRER, AND T. It. HOGNESS (From the George Herbert Jones Chemical Laboratory

More information

Dr.N Damodharan Professor and Head. Department of Pharmaceutics SRM College of Pharmacy

Dr.N Damodharan Professor and Head. Department of Pharmaceutics SRM College of Pharmacy Dr.N Damodharan Professor and Head Department of Pharmaceutics SRM College of Pharmacy 1 Definition: - Medicines prepared according to the formulae of Galen. - A medicinal preparation composed mainly of

More information

THE VITAMIN B12-BINDING POWER OF PROTEINS

THE VITAMIN B12-BINDING POWER OF PROTEINS THE VITAMIN B12BINDING POWER OF PROTEINS BY 0. D. BIRD AND BARBARA HOEVET (From the Research Laboratories of Parke, Davis and Company, Detroit, Michigan) (Received for publication, December 26, 1950) Ternberg

More information

THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA- TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER

THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA- TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER THE EFFECT OF ANTICOAGULANTS ON DETERMINA TIONS OF INORGANIC PHOSPHATE AND PROTEIN IN PLASMA BY OLIVER HENRY GAEBLER (From the Department of Laboratories, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit) (Received for publication,

More information

THE RING STRUCTURE OF THYMIDINE

THE RING STRUCTURE OF THYMIDINE THE RING STRUCTURE OF THYMIDINE BY P. A. LEVENE AND R. STUART TIPSON (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York) (Received for publication, March 13, 1935) The 2-desoxy-ribose

More information

Purity Tests for Modified Starches

Purity Tests for Modified Starches Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016 Purity Tests for Modified Starches This monograph was also published in: Compendium

More information

Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit

Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit ab65400 Plasma Membrane Protein Extraction Kit Instructions for Use For the rapid and sensitive extraction and purification of Plasma Membrane proteins from cultured cells and tissue samples. This product

More information

the refrigerator and added to the colorimeter tubes by pipette, without the use of an ice bath. After preparing

the refrigerator and added to the colorimeter tubes by pipette, without the use of an ice bath. After preparing STUDIES IN ASCORBIC ACID WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE WHITE LAYER. I. DESCRIPTION OF METHOD AND COMPARISON OF ASCORBIC ACID LEVELS IN WHOLE BLOOD, PLASMA, RED CELLS, AND WHITE LAYER 1, 2 By ROSE LUBSCHEZ

More information

THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN Published Online: 20 September, 1938 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.22.1.79 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on July 1, 2018 THE ESTIMATION OF PEPSIN, TRYPSIN, PAPAIN, AND CATHEPSIN WITH HEMOGLOBIN

More information

Qualitative chemical reaction of functional group in protein

Qualitative chemical reaction of functional group in protein Qualitative chemical reaction of functional group in protein Certain functional groups in proteins can react to produce characteristically colored products. The color intensity of the product formed by

More information

FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS

FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS Published Online: 20 March, 1935 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.18.4.485 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on October 21, 2018 FREEZING POINTS OF ANTI-COAGULANT SALT SOLUTIONS B~ DAVID I. HITCI~OCK

More information

FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AS PRECIPITATING AND DRYING AGENTS OF IMMUNE SERA BY MALCOLM H. MERRILL ni~ MOYER S.

FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AS PRECIPITATING AND DRYING AGENTS OF IMMUNE SERA BY MALCOLM H. MERRILL ni~ MOYER S. Published Online: 20 November, 1932 Supp Info: http://doi.org/10.1085/jgp.16.2.243 Downloaded from jgp.rupress.org on November 3, 2018 FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE USE OF ORGANIC SOLVENTS AS PRECIPITATING AND

More information

(LM pages 91 98) Time Estimate for Entire Lab: 2.5 to 3.0 hours. Special Requirements

(LM pages 91 98) Time Estimate for Entire Lab: 2.5 to 3.0 hours. Special Requirements Laboratory 7 Chemical Aspects of Digestion (LM pages 91 98) Time Estimate for Entire Lab: 2.5 to 3.0 hours Special Requirements Incubation. Students should start these sections at the beginning of the

More information

THE COMPOSITION OF FLAXSEED MUCILAGE*

THE COMPOSITION OF FLAXSEED MUCILAGE* THE COMPOSITION OF FLAXSEED MUCILAGE* BY ERNEST ANDERSON AND HARRY J. LOWE (From the University of Arizona, Tucson) (Received for publication, January 20,1947) Flaxseed mucilage contains d-galacturonic

More information

Pur A Lyzer Mega Dialysis Kit Manual

Pur A Lyzer Mega Dialysis Kit Manual Pur A Lyzer Mega Dialysis Kit Manual Pur A Lyzer Mega Dialysis Kit Catalog Numbers PURG10010 PURG10015 PURG10020 PURG12010 PURG12015 PURG12020 PURG35010 PURG35015 PURG35020 PURG60010 PURG60015 PURG60020

More information

New immunomodulators with antitumoral properties; Isolation of active naturally-occurring anti-mitotic components of MR>1KD from pollen extract T60

New immunomodulators with antitumoral properties; Isolation of active naturally-occurring anti-mitotic components of MR>1KD from pollen extract T60 I M M U N O M O D U L A T O R S U P P O R T : GRAMINEX Flower Pollen Extract New immunomodulators with antitumoral properties; Isolation of active naturally-occurring anti-mitotic components of MR>1KD

More information

protein (Eaton 1936 a, 1937; Pappenheimer 1937). If other

protein (Eaton 1936 a, 1937; Pappenheimer 1937). If other COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE PURIFICATION OF TETANUS AND DIPHTHERIA TOXINS MONROE D. EATON AND AXEL GRONAU Department of Bacteriology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri Received

More information

Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4

Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4 Chemistry 201 Laboratory Fall 2006 page 1 of 4 Experiment: Determination of Iron in a Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate Sample (Fe) This experiment involves the determination of the percentage of ferrous iron in

More information

THE OCCURRENCE OF SOME PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED FATTY ACIDS IN PEANUT OIL

THE OCCURRENCE OF SOME PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED FATTY ACIDS IN PEANUT OIL THE OCCURRENCE OF SOME PREVIOUSLY UNREPORTED FATTY ACIDS IN PEANUT OIL BY HELEN L. WIKOFF, JOSEPH M. KAPLAN, AND ALVIN L. BERMAN (From the Department of Physiological Chemistry, The Ohio State University,

More information

THE ASSIMILATION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN BY THE TOBACCO PLANT: A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH ISOTOPIC NITROGEN. (Received for publication, July 3, 1940)

THE ASSIMILATION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN BY THE TOBACCO PLANT: A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH ISOTOPIC NITROGEN. (Received for publication, July 3, 1940) THE ASSIMILATION OF AMMONIA NITROGEN BY THE TOBACCO PLANT: A PRELIMINARY STUDY WITH ISOTOPIC NITROGEN BY HUBERT BRADFORD VICKERY AND GEORGE W. PUCHER (Prom the Biochemical Laboratory of the Connecticut

More information

ON THE TRUE SUGAR CONTENT OF SKIN AND OF MUSCLE IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PERSONS

ON THE TRUE SUGAR CONTENT OF SKIN AND OF MUSCLE IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PERSONS ON THE TRUE SUGAR CONTENT OF SKIN AND OF MUSCLE IN DIABETIC AND NONDIABETIC PERSONS BY HARRY C. TRIMBLE AND BENJAMIN W. CAREY, JR. (From the Biochemical Laboratory of Harvard Medical School, Boston) (Received

More information

analytical ultracentrifuge indicates that the final product has considerable

analytical ultracentrifuge indicates that the final product has considerable SEPARATION OF ENCEPHALOMYOCARDITIS VIRUS FROM TISSUE COMPONENTS BY MEANS OF PROTAMINE PRECIPITATION AND ENZYMIC DIGESTION' MARVIN L. WEIL, JOEL WARREN, SYDNEY S. BREESE, JR., SUDIE B. RUSS, AND HELEN JEFFRIES

More information

Pur A Lyzer Midi Dialysis Kit Manual

Pur A Lyzer Midi Dialysis Kit Manual Pur A Lyzer Midi Dialysis Kit Manual Pur A Lyzer Midi Dialysis Kit Catalog Numbers PURD10005 PURD35010 PURD60010 PURD35030 PURD60030 PURD35050 PURD60050 PURD35100 PURD60100 Product Description Pur A Lyzer

More information

Semimicro Determination of Cellulose in Biological Materials

Semimicro Determination of Cellulose in Biological Materials A*N-ALYTICAL BIOCtIEIVIISTRY 3:2, 420--424 (1969) Semimicro Determination of Cellulose in Biological Materials DAVID M. UPDEGRAFF Chemical Division, Denver Research Institute, University of Denver, Denver,

More information

INFLUENCE OF ESTROGEN ON THE ELECTROLYTE PATTERN OF THE IMMATURE RAT UTERUS*

INFLUENCE OF ESTROGEN ON THE ELECTROLYTE PATTERN OF THE IMMATURE RAT UTERUS* INFLUENCE OF ESTROGEN ON THE ELECTROLYTE PATTERN OF THE IMMATURE RAT UTERUS* BY N. B. TALBOT OLIVER H. LOWRY AND E. B. ASTWOOD (From the Biological Laboratories Harvard University Cambridge and the Departments

More information

RICINOLEATE UPON BACTERIA

RICINOLEATE UPON BACTERIA A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE ACTION OF SODIUM RICINOLEATE UPON BACTERIA From the Division of Laboratories and Research, New York State Department of Health, Albany Received for publication, May 14, 1928

More information

THE isolation and availability of crystalline

THE isolation and availability of crystalline Unidentified Factors in Poultry Nutrition. PROPERTIES AND PRELIMINARY FRACTIONATION OF A GROWTH FACTOR IN CONDENSED FISH SOLUBLES H. MENGE, C. A. DENTON, J. R. SIZEMORE, R. J. LILLIE AND H. R. BIRD Bureau

More information

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD

SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ISBN 978-0-626-31165-0 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Water Sulfide content Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27

More information

THE SOLUBILITY CURVE AND THE PURITY OF INSULIN

THE SOLUBILITY CURVE AND THE PURITY OF INSULIN THE SOLUBILITY CURVE AND THE PURITY OF INSULIN BY J. LENS (From the Organon Laboratories, Oss, Holland) (Received for publication, December 29, 1945) A method suitable for determining the degree of purity

More information

Studies on Barley and Malt Amylases. Part XIX. Activation of Zymogen Ĉ-amylase in vivo and Amylase. Formation in Isolated Aleurone Layers

Studies on Barley and Malt Amylases. Part XIX. Activation of Zymogen Ĉ-amylase in vivo and Amylase. Formation in Isolated Aleurone Layers [Agr. Biol. Chem., Vol. 36, No. 3, p. 378 `382, 1972] Studies on Barley and Malt Amylases Part XIX. Activation of Zymogen Ĉ-amylase in vivo and Amylase Formation in Isolated Aleurone Layers By Ryu SHINKE

More information

HISTAMINE AND PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES. (Received for publication, March 31, 1943)

HISTAMINE AND PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES. (Received for publication, March 31, 1943) HISTAMINE AND PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES LIBERATION OF HISTAMINE BY PAPAIN BY M. ROCHA E SILVA AND SYLVIA 0. ANDRADE (From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacodynamics, Instituto Biologico, &io Paulo,

More information

PYRROLE AS A CATALYST FOR CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL OXIDATIONS

PYRROLE AS A CATALYST FOR CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL OXIDATIONS PYRROLE AS A CATALYST FOR CERTAIN BIOLOGICAL OXIDATIONS BY FREDERICK BERNHEIM AND MARY L. C. BERNHEIM* (From the Departments of Physiology and Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham)

More information

Nitro-Grela-type complexes containing iodides. robust and selective catalysts for olefin metathesis

Nitro-Grela-type complexes containing iodides. robust and selective catalysts for olefin metathesis Supporting Information for Nitro-Grela-type complexes containing iodides robust and selective catalysts for olefin metathesis under challenging conditions. Andrzej Tracz, 1,2 Mateusz Matczak, 1 Katarzyna

More information

Development of Eye Colors in Drosophila: Extraction of the Diffusible Substances Concerned. Kenneth V. Thimann, and G. W. Beadle

Development of Eye Colors in Drosophila: Extraction of the Diffusible Substances Concerned. Kenneth V. Thimann, and G. W. Beadle Development of Eye Colors in Drosophila: Extraction of the Diffusible Substances Concerned Kenneth V. Thimann, and G. W. Beadle PNAS 1937;23;143-146 doi:10.1073/pnas.23.3.143 This information is current

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN URINE

THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN URINE THE DETERMINATION OF NICOTINE IN URINE BY A. C. CORCORAN, 0. M. HELMER, AND IRVINE H. PAGE (From the Lilly Laboratory for Clinical Research, Indianapolis City Hospital, Indianapolis) (8eceived for publication,

More information

Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN

Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN Feedstuffs Analysis G-22-1 PROTEIN PRINCIPLE SCOPE Many modifications of the Kjeldahl method have been accepted for the estimation of protein in organic materials. It comprises sample oxidation and conversion

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF ACETONE BODIES IN BLOOD AND URINE.

THE DETERMINATION OF ACETONE BODIES IN BLOOD AND URINE. THE DETERMINATION OF ACETONE BODIES IN BLOOD AND URINE. REPLY TO CRITICISMS BY E. C. SMITH. BY DONALD D. VAN SLYKE. (From the Hospital of The Rockefeller Institute jar Medical Research, New York.) (Received

More information

Aim: To study the effect of ph on the action of salivary amylase. NCERT

Aim: To study the effect of ph on the action of salivary amylase. NCERT Exercise 28 Aim: To study the effect of ph on the action of salivary amylase. Principle: Optimal activity for most of the enzymes is generally observed between ph 5.0 and 9.0. However, a few enzymes, e.g.,

More information

Chapter MEMBRANE TRANSPORT

Chapter MEMBRANE TRANSPORT Chapter 3 I MEMBRANE TRANSPORT The cell membrane, or plasma membrane, is the outermost layer of the cell. It completely surrounds the protoplasm or living portion of the cell, separating the cell s interior

More information

SOME NUTRITIVE PROPERTIES OF NUTS.

SOME NUTRITIVE PROPERTIES OF NUTS. SOME NUTRITIVE PROPERTIES OF NUTS. II. THE PECAN NUT AS A SOURCE OF ADEQUATE PROTEIN.* BY F. A. CAJORI. (From the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Palo Alto.) (Received for publication, October

More information

THERMALLY OXIDIZED SOYA BEAN OIL interacted with MONO- and DIGLYCERIDES of FATTY ACIDS

THERMALLY OXIDIZED SOYA BEAN OIL interacted with MONO- and DIGLYCERIDES of FATTY ACIDS THERMALLY OXIDIZED SOYA BEAN OIL interacted with MONO- and DIGLYCERIDES of FATTY ACIDS Prepared at the 39th JECFA (1992), published in FNP 52 Add 1 (1992). Metals and arsenic specifications revised at

More information

ab Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay kit (Colorimetric/ Fluorometric)

ab Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay kit (Colorimetric/ Fluorometric) Version 10b Last updated 19 December 2018 ab118970 Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Assay kit (Colorimetric/ Fluorometric) For the measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in plasma, cell culture and tissue extracts.

More information

Protocol for protein SDS PAGE and Transfer

Protocol for protein SDS PAGE and Transfer Protocol for protein SDS PAGE and Transfer According to Laemmli, (1970) Alaa El -Din Hamid Sayed, Alaa_h254@yahoo.com Serum Selection of a protein source cell cultures (bacteria, yeast, mammalian, etc.)

More information

Human Saliva as a Convenient Source of Ribonuclease. By S. BRADBURY

Human Saliva as a Convenient Source of Ribonuclease. By S. BRADBURY Human Saliva as a Convenient Source of Ribonuclease 323 By S. BRADBURY (From the Cytological Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University Museum, Oxford) SUMMARY Saliva, heated to 80 C for 10 minutes

More information

BRIEFING Assay + + +

BRIEFING Assay + + + BRIEFING Sodium Starch Glycolate, NF 22 page 2933 and page 3202 of PF 22(6) [Nov. Dec. 1996]. The United States Pharmacopeia is the coordinating pharmacopeia for the international harmonization of the

More information

Student Practical Guide (1) Milk of Magnesia

Student Practical Guide (1) Milk of Magnesia School of Pharmacy Student Practical Guide (1b) Milk of Magnesia Facilitators Dr Mark Hewitt M.Hewitt@wlv.ac.uk Required Resources Pre-work: Read this guide Dr Rebecca Butler Rebecca.Butler@wlv.ac.uk Compulsory:

More information

HiPer Western Blotting Teaching Kit

HiPer Western Blotting Teaching Kit HiPer Western Blotting Teaching Kit Product Code: HTI009 Number of experiments that can be performed: 5/20 Duration of Experiment: ~ 2 days Day 1: 6-8 hours (SDS- PAGE and Electroblotting) Day 2: 3 hours

More information

PROTEIN COAGULATION AND ITS REVERSAL

PROTEIN COAGULATION AND ITS REVERSAL PROTEI COAGULATIO AD ITS REVERSAL THE PREPARATIO OF COMPLETELY COAGULATED HEMOGLOBI BY M. L. ASO AD A. E. MIRSKY (From the Laboratories of The Rockefeller Institute for Medical.Research, Princeton,. J.,

More information

Human Alpha 1 microglobulin ELISA Kit

Human Alpha 1 microglobulin ELISA Kit Human Alpha 1 microglobulin ELISA Kit Catalogue No.: EH4144 Size: 48T/96T Reactivity: Human Range:0.625-40ng/ml Sensitivity:

More information

MONOGRAPHS (USP) Saccharin Sodium

MONOGRAPHS (USP) Saccharin Sodium Vol. 31(4) [July Aug. 2005] HARMONIZATION 1225 MONOGRAPHS (USP) BRIEFING Saccharin Sodium, USP 28 page 1745 and page 612 of PF 31(2) [Mar. Apr. 2005]. The United States Pharmacopeia is the coordinating

More information

Hydrolysis of Irradiated Ovalbumin by Pepsin

Hydrolysis of Irradiated Ovalbumin by Pepsin Hydrolysis of Irradiated Ovalbumin by Pepsin HECTOR A. DIEU and V. DESREUX From the Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium ABSTRACT Solid ovalbumin has been irradiated at

More information

THE DETERMINATION OF CAROTENE IN BUTTER FAT

THE DETERMINATION OF CAROTENE IN BUTTER FAT THE DETERMINATION OF CAROTENE IN BUTTER FAT BY HAROLD M. BARNETT (From the Research Division of S. M. A. Corporation, Cleveland) (Received for publication, December 18, 1933) Since the discovery that carotene

More information

PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE*

PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE* PREPARATION OF LIPIDE EXTRACTS FROM BRAIN TISSUE* JORDI FOLCH, I. ASCOLI, M. LEES,? J. A. MEATH,$ AND F. N. LEBARON (From the McLean Hospital Research Laboratories, Waverley, Massachusetts, and the Department

More information

THE DIRECT DETERMINATION OF VALINE AND LEUCINE IN FRESH ANIMAL TISSUES*

THE DIRECT DETERMINATION OF VALINE AND LEUCINE IN FRESH ANIMAL TISSUES* THE DIRECT DETERMINATION OF VALINE AND LEUCINE IN FRESH ANIMAL TISSUES* BY B. S. SCHWEIGERT, J. M. McINTIRE, C. A. ELVEHJEM, AND F. M. STRONG (From the Departmerit of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture,

More information

THE CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF TUMORS.

THE CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF TUMORS. THE CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM OF TUMORS. II. CHANGES IN THE SUGAR, LACTIC ACID, AND CO COMBINING POWER OF BLOOD PASSING THROUGH A TUMOR. BY CARL F. CORI AND GERTY T. CORI. (From the State Institute for ihe

More information