Vol-3, Issue-4, Suppl-1, Nov 2012 ISSN: Patel et al PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR
|
|
- Fay Chapman
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL TABLET OF DOMPERIDONE Rahul B. Patel *, K. R. Patel, M. R. Patel, N. M. Patel Shri B. M. Shah College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, College Campus, Dhansura Road, Modasa, Dist. Sabarkantha, , Gujarat, India. ABSTRACT The object of this research work is to design efficacious and prolonged release buccal tablet of Domperidone. It is Anti-emetic agent. It has very low bioavailability 15%. It undergoes first pass metabolism that lowering bioavailability. Direct access to the systemic circulation bypasses drug from the hepatic first pass metabolism, leading to high bioavailability. Moreover, the buccal route is easily accessible, has a good patient compliance and can be used in patients who can t swallow. Bilayer buccal tablet was prepared by using mucoadhesive polymers combination of HPMC K4M and Carbopol 934P, by direct compression method using HP-β-CD as solubility enhancer and ethyl cellulose as backing layer. The formulation was optimized by 32 full factorial statistical designs by selecting independent variables, Ratio of polymer as factor X 1 and Concentration of polymer as factor X 2. The prepared formulations were evaluated for various evaluation studies. Statistical analysis as well as kinetic studies performed. Statistical study showed that both factors X 1 and X 2 had significant effect on dependable variables Q 8 (P=0.000), Mucoadhesive strength (P=0.000) and Swelling index (P=0.00).By using HP-β-CD with drug in complex formation enhance the solubility of drug, as well as dissolution of tablet, Formulation D1 was selected as an optimum formulation as it shows more similarity in dissolution profile with theoretical profile (f 2 = and f 1 = 1.24). The optimized formulation D1 had given release of 92.28% after 8hrs and it had optimum swelling, mucoadhesive property and permeation from buccal mucosa. It also had desired drug release kinetic and found to be stable for the period of 1 month. Keywords: HydroxyPropyl-β-Cyclodextrine, HPMC K4M, Carbopol 934P, Ethyl cellulose, 3 2 factorial designs. INTRODUCTION The buccal region of the oral cavity is an attractive target for administration of the drug of choice, particularly in overcoming deficiencies associated with the latter mode of administration. Problems such as high first-pass metabolism and drug degradation in the gastrointestinal environment can be circumvented by administering the drug via the buccal route. Moreover, rapid onset of action can be achieved relative to the oral route and the formulation can be removed if therapy is required to be discontinued. It is also IC Value
2 possible to administer drugs to patients who unconscious and less co-operative. To prevent accidental swallowing of drugs adhesive mucosal dosage forms were suggested for oral delivery, which included adhesive tablets, adhesive gels, adhesive patches and many other dosage forms with various combinations of polymers, absorption enhancers. In addition to this, studies have been conducted on the development of controlled or slow release delivery systems for systemic and local therapy of diseases in the oral cavity. [1] Domperidone is a dopamine receptor (D2) antagonist. It is used as an antiemetic agent for short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting of various etiologies. It is also used for its prokinetic actions. It is rational to formulate the mucoadhesive dosage form of Domperidone as it is known to have a low oral bioavailability due to extensive first-pass effect. Sudden death may occur when Domperidone is administered intravenously in high doses. The plasma half-life of Domperidone is 7 hrs. It has a low molecular weight (425.92) and no objectionable taste. These make it an appropriate candidate for being incorporated into the mucoadhesive formulation. [2-3] Systematic optimization techniques have frequently been employed for the design and development of pharmaceutical dosage forms. Embodying the use of appropriate experimental designs, generation of polynomial relationships and optimum search methods, generally using pertinent software. Factorial designs (FDs), where all the factors are studied in all possible combinations, are considered to be the most efficient in estimating the influence of individual variables (main effects) and their interactions using minimum experimentation. An FD for two factors at three levels each (3 2 ) is considered. Identical to a two-factor composite design. The aim current study was to develop and optimize the mucoadhesive buccal tablet of Domperidone for buccal delivery. A computer-aided optimization process using a 3 2 FD was employed to investigate the effect of two independent variables, i.e. ratio of polymer (Carbopol 934P: HPMC K4M) (X 1 ) and concentration of polymers (Carbopol and HPMC K4M) (X 2 ). [4] MATERIAL AND METHOD Materials Domperidone was a gift sample from CADILA Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. (Ahmadabad, India), HP-β-CD from Triveni interchem pvt. Ltd., Methocel K4M and ethyl cellulose by IC Value
3 Colorcon Asia Pvt. Ltd. (Goa, India), Carbopol 934P from M/s Lobe Chemie Ltd. (Mumbai, India) and lactose and magnesium stearate from ACME Chemicals. Were procured from commercial sources. All other chemicals used in the study were of analytical grade. Compatibility study [5] This study has been done to check whether there is any compatibility related problems are associated with drug and excipients used for the formulation of tablet. The drug and excipients must be compatible with one another to produce a product that is stable, efficacious, attractive and easy to administer and safe. If the excipients are new and not been used in formulations containing the active substance, the compatibility studies are of paramount importance. The IR spectral analysis of a drug and other excipients were taken using Press pellet technique (using KBr). The IR spectra s were determined by using Shimadzu FTIR 8400 S. All the spectra were recorded in the range of cm 1. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) Thermo grams were obtained by using differential scanning calorimeter at a heating rate 20 C/min over a temperature range of C by using instrument Differential Scanning Calorimeter. The sample was hermetically sealed in an aluminum crucible. Thermo grams of drug and formulation were compared for any disappearance or shifting in characteristic peak of drug melting point. Formulation of Inclusion Complex Preparation of Physical mixture (PM): Equimolar physical mixtures were prepared by blending exact weighed amounts of drug and HP-β-CD until homogenous mixture is obtained. Preparation of inclusion complex by kneading method (KM): In this method the equimolar physical mixture (1:1) was prepared as discussed above and then slowly 1.5 times of water to the total weight of physical mixture was added slowly during continuous kneading. The mixture is kneaded for about 1 hour to get the paste. Then this paste was allowed to dry at room temperature for 24 hour and then the dried powder sieved to get uniform particle size distribution. In vitro dissolution study of prepared inclusion complex: IC Value
4 In vitro dissolution study of inclusion complex was conducted using USP dissolution apparatus II at 50 rpm, using 500 ml phosphate buffer ph 6.8 as a dissolution media maintaining at 37 ± C. Quantity of inclusion complex equivalent to 10 mg of drug was taken. 5 ml Sample were withdrawn at time intervals of 5, 10, 20, and 30 up to 60 min. and filtered through a 45µm filter paper, diluted and assayed at 284 nm using UV/ Visible double beam spectrometer. The volume of dissolution fluid was adjusted to 500 ml by replacing each 5 ml aliquot withdrawn with 5 ml of phosphate buffer. Selection of drug: HP-β-CD ratio has been carried out by preparing inclusion complex of different ratio like 1:1, 1:2, molecular ratio and enhancement of solubility, which is proved as a best for the improvement of solubility. Preparation of Bilayer Buccal Tablets: Buccal tablets were composed of two layers i.e., Core layer and Backing layer, Core layer contains drug complex made by inclusion complexation, different mucoadhesive Polymers, Lactose, Talc, Magnesium stearate and Aspartame as a sweetener. This layer weighed about 100mg. Backing layer contains water impermeable compound, ethyl cellulose. The weight of this layer was 50 mg. Therefore total weight of the tablet was 150 mg. Preparation: Direct double compression technique was employed for the formulation. In this technique, first intermediate layer was formed and blend of second layer was placed on first intermediate layer and compressed to get bilayer tablet. Compositions of the core layer contains drug, mucoadhesive polymers. Pre-Compression Evaluation Parameters [6-7] Bulk Density: Weigh accurately 25g of powder, which was previously passed through 20# sieve and transferred in 100 ml graduated cylinder. Carefully level the granules without compacting, and read the unsettled apparent volume (V 0 ). Calculate the apparent bulk density in gm/ml by the following formula Tapped bulk density: Bulk density (Eq. 2.1) IC Value
5 Weigh accurately 25 g of granules, which was previously passed through 20# sieve and transfer in 100ml graduated cylinder. Then mechanically tap the cylinder containing the sample by raising the cylinder and allowing it to drop under its own weight using mechanically tapped density tester that provides a fixed drop of 14± 2mm at a nominal rate of 300 drops per minute. Tap the cylinder for 500 times initially and measure the tapped volume (V 1 ) to the nearest graduated units, repeat the tapping an additional 750times and measure the tapped volume (V 2 ) to the nearest graduated units. If the difference between the two volumes is less than 2% then final the volume (V 2 ). Calculate the tapped bulk density in gm/ml by the following formula: Tapped Density (Eq. 2.2) Carr s Index: The Compressibility Index of the granules blend was determined by Carr s compressibility index. It is a simple test to evaluate the BD and TD of a granules and the rate at which it packed down. The formula for Carr s Index is as below: Carr s Index (Eq. 2.3) Hausner s Ratio: The Hausner s ratio is a number that is correlated to the flow ability of a granular material. Hausner s Ratio (Eq. 2.4) IC Value
6 TABLE 1: EFFECT OF CARR S INDEX AND HAUSNER S RATIO ON FLOW PROPERTY Carr s Index (%) Flow Character Hausner s Ratio < 10 Excellent Good Fair Passable Poor Very poor >38 Very, very poor >1.60 Angle of repose: The flow characteristics are measured by angle of repose. Improper flow of powder is due to frictional forces between the particles. These frictional forces are quantified by angle of repose. Angle of repose is defined as the maximum angle possible between the surface of a pile of the powder and the horizontal plane. Where, h = Height of pile. r = Radius of the base of the pile. θ = Angle of repose (Eq. 2.5 TABLE 2: EFFECT OF ANGLE OF REPOSE (Θ) ON FLOW PROPERTY Sr. No. Angle of Repose (θ) Type of Flow 1 < 20 0 Excellent Good Passable 4 >35 0 Very poor 3 2 full factorial design A 3 2 randomized full factorial design was employed in the present study. In this design 2 factors were evaluated, each at 3 levels, and experimental trials were performed for all 9 possible combinations. The ratio of polymer (Carbopol:HPMC K4M) (X 2 ) and concentration of polymers Carbopol and HPMC K4M (X 2 ) were chosen as independent variables in 3 2 full factorial design, while Q 8 (% drug release after 8 hours), swelling IC Value
7 index, Mucoadhesive strength were taken as dependent variables. The composition of factorial design batches (D1-D9) is shown in Table 4.10 and Table The prepared formulations were evaluated for assay, friability and hardness and in vitro release study. Statistical treatment was carried out to the factorial design batches using design expert DX8 stat ease software. TABLE 3: CODING OF VARIABLE TABLE Actual Values Coded Values X 1 = ratio of polymers (Carbopol : HPMC K4M) X 2 = concentration of polymer (Carbopol and HPMC K4M) -1 1:2 10% 0 1:1 15% 1 2:1 20% Evaluation of Prepared Tablets: [8] Weight Variation: Twenty tablets were selected at random, weighed and the average weight was calculated. Not more than two of the individual weights should deviate from the average weight by more than 7.5 % as per IP. TABLE 4: OPTIMIZE FORMULATIONS OF BILAYER BUCCAL TABLET Ingredients R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 Ingredients (mg) Domperidone+HP-β- CD(10mg drug) Carbopol 934P HPMC-K4M Lactose Magnesium Stearate Talc Aspartame Backinglayer:-Ethyl Cellulose Total weight in mg IC Value
8 Friability: For each formulation, pre weighed tablet sample (20 tablets) were placed in the Roche friabilator which is then operated for 100 revolutions. The tablets were deducted and reweighed. Conventional compressed tablets that loose <1% of their weight are considered acceptable. Hardness: Hardness was measured by using Monsanto hardness tester. For each batch ten tablets were tested. It is measured in Kg/ cm 2 unit. Content Uniformity: Twenty tablets were weighed and powdered in a glass mortar. Quantity of powder equivalent to 10 mg of Domperidone was accurately weighed and transferred to 100 ml ph 6.8 phosphate buffers in volumetric flask. From the resulting solution 10 ml of the sample was withdrawn and adjusted final volume in volumetric flask up to 100 ml using ph 6.8 phosphate buffers. The solution was analyzed at λ max value of 284 nm by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The content of drug was calculated from calibration curve. In Vitro Swelling or Swelling Index: This test was carried out by using Petri dishes having 10 ml of phosphate buffer of ph 6.8 and tablet was placed in Petri dish. The initial weights of the drug loaded tablets in each batch were determined (W 0 ) using an electronic balance. Tablets from each batch were removed at different time intervals (1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8 hrs), wiped with filter paper to remove excess water from the tablet surface, and then reweighed (W 1 ). The swelling index (% w/w) was determined from the following relationship and plotted against time. The experiment was performed in triplicate. (Eq.4) Swelling index (Eq. 2.6) In Vitro Residence time test: The in vitro residence time is one of the most important physical parameters of buccal tablet. A buccal tablet was pressed over the excised goat buccal mucosa for 30 sec after previously being secured on a glass slide and was immersed in a beaker containing IC Value
9 ml of ph 6.8 isotonic phosphate buffer, at 37±0.2 C. One stirrer was fitted at a distance of 5 cm from the tablet and rotated at 25 rpm. The time for complete erosion or detachment of the tablet from the mucosa was recorded. Surface ph measurement: The buccal tablets were first allowed to swell by keeping them in contact with 5 ml of ph 6.8 phosphate buffer for 2 hrs. The surface ph was then found by bringing a combined glass electrode near the surface of the tablets and allowing the reading to stabilize for at least 1 min. The measurements were taken in triplicate for each batch of the buccal tablet. In Vitro Mucoadhesive strength test: Figure 1 Modified Mucoadhesive Strength Tester Mucoadhesive strength of the buccal tablets was measured by using the modified physical balance. The test assembly was fabricated as shown in schematic presentation (Figure 1). This method involves the use of goat buccal mucosa as the model mucosal IC Value
10 membrane. The fresh goat buccal mucosa was purchased from slaughter house and it was then washed in isotonic phosphate buffer ph 6.8. The two sides of the balance were balanced with a 5 gm weight on the right hand side. A piece of fresh membrane was glued to a support (glass block) with cyanoacrylate adhesive. The block was then lowered into the glass container, which was then filled with isotonic phosphate buffer ph 6.8 kept at 37± 1 C, such that the buffer just reaches the surface of mucosal membrane, and keeps it moist. This was then kept below the left hand setup of the balance. The test mucoadhesive tablet was glued with the same adhesive to a rubber block hanging on the left hand side and the balance beam raised with the 5 gm weight on the right pan was removed off the weight. This lowered the rubber block along with the tablet over the mucosa with a weight of 5 gm. The balance was kept in this position for 3 minutes and then slowly water was added to the plastic container in the right pan by pipette. The detachment of two surfaces was obtained. Weight of water was measured. Then the Mucoadhesive strength of tablet was calculated. Three tablets were tested on each goat buccal mucosal membrane. After each measurement, the tissues were gently and thoroughly washed with phosphate buffer ph 6.8 and left for 5 minutes before the next experiment. Fresh membrane was used for each batch of tablets. The experiment was performed in triplicate. In Vitro Dissolution study: The USP type II rotating paddle method was used to study the drug release from the bilayer tablet. The dissolution medium consisted of 500 ml of ph 6.8 phosphate buffer. The release study was performed at 37 ± 0.5 C, with a rotation speed of 50 rpm. The backing layer of the buccal tablet was attached to the glass slide with cyanoacrylate adhesive. The disk was placed at the bottom of the dissolution vessel. Aliquots were withdrawn at regular time intervals and replaced with fresh medium to maintain sink conditions. The samples were filtered, made appropriate dilutions with phosphate buffer and were thereafter analyzed spectrophotometrically at λ max value of 272 nm using a Shimadzu UV-Visible1800 double-beam spectrophotometer. Cumulative percentage drug release was calculated using an equation obtained from a calibration curve which was IC Value
11 developed in the range of 5-35µg/ml for ph-6.8 phosphate buffer. The experiment was performed in triplicate. Ex vivo permeation study Figure 2 Franz Diffusion Cell The fresh goat buccal mucosal membrane was obtained from slaughter house. It was than excised by removing the underlying connective and adipose tissue and was equilibrated at 37 ± 1.0 C for 30 min in ph 6.8 isotonic phosphate buffer. The buccal epithelium was carefully mounted in between the two compartments of Franz Diffusion Cell. Tablets were stuck to the mucosa in the donor side containing ph 6.8 phosphate buffers. Receiver medium was 20 ml of ph 6.8 phosphate buffer maintained at 37 ± 0.5 C under gentle stirring. From the receiver compartment, 5 ml aliquots were collected at predetermined time intervals and replaced by an amount of fresh buffer. The samples removed were filtered, diluted and analyzed at λ max value of 284 nm using a Shimadzu UV-Visible IC Value
12 double-beam spectrophotometer. The schematic representation of Franz diffusion apparatus was displayed in Figure 2. KINETIC TREATMENT ON DRUG RELEASE [9] Different mathematical models may be applied for describing the kinetic of the drug release process from the formulation matrix; the most suited being the one which best fits the experimental results. The kinetic of Domperidone release from tablets was determined by finding the best fit of the dissolution data (drug release Vs time) to distinct models: Zero order [eq.2.7], first order [eq.2.8], Higuchi [eq. 2.9], and Korsmeyerpeppas model [eq. 2.10]. Q t = k 0 t. (Eq. 2.7) Q t = Q (1 e k1t ). (Eq. 2.8) Q t = k H t 1/2. (Eq. 2.9) Q t /Q = k KP t n. (Eq. 2.10) Where, k 0 = Zero order rate constant expressed as concentration/time & t is the time. k 1 = First order constant. k H = Constant reflecting the design variables of the system. Q t = Amount of drug released in time t. Q 0 = Initial amount of drug in tablet. Qt/Q = Fraction of drug release. k KP = Release rate constant. n = Diffusion release exponent indicative of the drug release mechanism Accelerated Stability Study[10] Stability testing of drug products begins as a part of drug discovery and ends with demise of compound or commercial product. FDA and ICH specifies the guidelines for stability testing of new drug products, as a technical requirement for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use (ICH Q1C Guidelines). The samples of optimized batch were kept at 40 C temperature and 75% RH (Relative Humidity) for one month in HDPE bottle. Then samples were withdrawn and analyzed for physical evaluation and in-vitro dissolution study. IC Value
13 RESULTS & DISCUSSION Interference Study: FT-IR Spectroscopy: Overlapping of IR spectra indicate no significant difference in characteristic peak at wave numbers of the drug in presence of the excipients given in figure 3 & table %T Overlay spectra Figure 3 Overlapping of FTIR spectra Domperidone Formulation /cm TABLE 5: VIBRATION FREQUENCY OF FT-IR SPECTRA OF DOMPERIDONE Sr. No. Functional Group Frequency (cm -1 ) drug formulation 1 N-H stretching C=O stretching N-H Bending C-O IC Value
14 Upon comparing the IR spectra of the formulation with that of the pure drug (figure 5.1), it was noticed that the characteristic peaks of the pure drug were also present in the sample spectra revealing the inert nature of the carrier used for formulation. Overlapping of IR spectra indicate no significant difference in characteristic peak at wave numbers of the drug in presence of the excipients. DSC study: Figure 4 DSC study of drug Figure 5 DSC study of drug complex IC Value
15 From the study of DSC it was concluded that length of peak of drug was decrease and width was increase in formulation it means solubility of drug was increased. Evaluation of Domperidone Buccal Tablets: Precompression Evaluation Parameters: TABLE 6: PRECOMPRESSION EVALUATION OF FORMULATED INCLUSION COMPLEX AND EXCIPIENTS Parameter Angle of repose( 0 ) bulk density (g/ml) Tap density (g/ml) Hausner s ratio Carr s Index (%) D ± ± ± ± ±0.04 D ± ± ± ± ±0.05 D ± ± ± ± ±0.03 D ± ± ± ± ±0.07 D ± ± ± ± ±0.03 D ± ± ± ± ±0.04 D ± ± ± ± ±0.02 D ± ± ± ± ±0.06 D ± ± ± ± ±0.05 Post-compression Evaluation Parameters:- Tablets of each formulation were evaluated for parameters such as thickness, diameter, weight variation, hardness, friability and drug content in given table. Batch Code TABLE 7: POST COMPRESSION EVALUATION OF FORMULATED INCLUSION COMPLEX AND EXCIPIENTS Thickness (mm)±sd Weight variation (mg)±sd Hardness (Kg/cm 2 )±SD Friability (%)±SD Drug content (mg)±sd Surface ph±sd 2.03± ± ± ± ± ±0.02 D2 2.05± ± ± ± ± ±0.05 D3 2.02± ± ± ± ± ±0.06 D4 2.14± ± ± ± ± ±0.04 D5 2.05± ± ± ± ± ±0.05 D6 2.02± ± ± ± ± ±0.02 D7 2.05± ± ± ± ± ±0.07 D8 2.11± ± ± ± ± ±0.03 D9 2.03± ± ± ± ± ± IC Value
16 In-Vitro Drug Release Study: TABLE 8: IN-VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY OF FACTORIAL BATCHES D1- D9 Time(hr.) D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D The release of Domperidone from buccal tablets varied according to the ratio and concentration of Carbopol 934P and HPMC K4M polymers. From dissolution study it was found that D1, D2 and D3 formulations having 10% concentration of polymers but in ratio of 1:2, 1:1 and 2:1 respectively, it shows 92.28%, 89.65% and 87.30% release after 8 hours it shows in same concentration of polymers release decreased because of ratio of polymers, D1 to D3 Carbopol 934P increase and release was decrease so, it shows in formulation which having higher rate of Carbopol 934P shows lowering the release. In D4, D5 and D6 batches 15% of polymer concentration so, lower release rate and as concentration of Carbopol 934P increase release rate was decreased it shows 87.80%, 84.74% and 82.60% release respectively. In D7, D8 and D9 formulations retardation of release was higher than other because higher concentration of polymers. IC Value
17 Figure 6 In-vitro release of factorial batches D1-D3 Figure 7 In-vitro release of factorial batches D4-D6 IC Value
18 Figure 8 In-vitro release of factorial batches D7-D9 Swelling Study of Prepared Tablets: The swelling index of the tablets was increased with increasing concentration of polymer absorbed large volumes of water rapidly and swells to its maximum hydrated size without dissolving in aqueous media, TABLE 9: SWELLING INDEX OF FACTORIAL BATCHES D1-D9 Batch code Swelling index (%) D D D D D D D D D Mucoadhesive strength of Prepared Tablets: Mucoadhesive strength was determined by using self developed force detachment method and observed within the range of to 35.68gm. From study it was observed that as IC Value
19 ratio of Carbopol 934P increase the mucoadhesion was increase. Decreasing the content of the Carbopol 934P resulted in decreased adhesion force. TABLE 10: MUCOADHESIVE STRENGTH OF FACTORIAL BATCHES D1-D9 Formulation code Mucoadhesive strength (gm) D D D D D D D D D Kinetic of Domperidone Buccal Tablets:- In 3 2 full factorial design study, the effect of combination of independent variables i.e. ratio of polymer (Carbopol: HPMC K4M) (X 1 ), concentration of polymers (Carbopol and HPMC K4M) (X 2 ), on dependent variables Q 8 (Cumulative percentage drug release after 8 hr), swelling index and mucoadhesive strength. A statistical model incorporating interactive and polynomial terms was used to evaluate responses. To know the mechanism of drug release from these formulations the data were treated according to first-order (log cumulative percentage of drug remaining vs. time), Higuchi s (Cumulative percentage drug released vs. squared root of time & Korsmeyer and peppas (log cumulative percentage drug released vs. time) pattern. The results of kinetic treatment applied to dissolution profiles of tablet of each batch were shown in table All the formulation follows the zero order patterns as compare to first order. Zero order Correlation co-efficient value is nearest to as compare to first-order correlation co-efficient value. Here zero order values are between and first order values are between IC Value
20 TABLE 11: RESULTS OF DEPENDENT VARIABLES FOR 3 2 FULL FACTORIAL DESIGNS The kinetic of the dissolution data were well fitted to zero order, Higuchi model and Krossmayer-Peppas model as evident from regression coefficients (Table 11). In case of the controlled release formulations, diffusion, swelling and erosion are the three most important rate controlling mechanisms. Formulation containing swelling polymers show swelling as well as diffusion mechanism because the kinetic of swelling include relaxation of polymer chains and imbibitions of water, causing the polymer to swell and changing it from a glassy to rubbery state. The value of diffusion exponent n for most factorial formulations is between (Table 11) indicating Fickian drug release from the formulations. Batch code Q 8 Swelling index Mucoadhesive strength D D D D D D D D D TABLE 12: KINETIC TREATMENT OF DISSOLUTION PROFILE OF BATCH D1-D9 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 Zero Order Model B A R First Order Model B A IC Value
21 R Higuchi Model B A R Korsmeyer and Peppas Model n k R B = Slope, A = Intercept, R 2 = Square of Correlation co-efficient, n = diffusion exponent Full and Reduce Model for Q 8 : Surface response plot to depict the polymer ratio (x1) and polymer concentration (x2) on Q8, swelling index and mucoadhesive strength. Full Model of Q 8 = X X X X X 12 (Eq. 3.1) Reduce Model of Q 8 = X X X 12 (Eq. 3.2) From the reduced model generated based on study of magnitude of co-efficient and the mathematical sign it carries, the above polynomial equations can be used to draw the conclusion regarding the influence of independent variable on the given dependent variables. The positive and negative coefficient value of independent variables indicates the change in response of dependable variable. The results of reduced model depicts that dependable variable Q 8 has negative signs of coefficients of factor X 1 and X 2 which indicates as there was increase in concentration and ratio of polymers from 1:2, 1:1 to 2:1 was decrease in release of drug at 8 hr. Full and Reduce Model for Swelling Index Full Model of swelling index = X X X X X 12 Reduce Model of swelling index = X X X 11 (Eq. 3.4) The results of reduced model depicts that dependable variable swelling index has negative signs of coefficients of factor X 1 which indicates as there was increase in ratio IC Value
22 of polymers, means increase in concentration of matrix forming polymer HPMC K4M from 1:2 to 1:1 and 2:1 was decrease in swelling index of tablet. Full and Reduce Model for Mucoadhesive Strength Full Model of mucoadhesive strength = X X X X X 12 (Eq. 3.5) Reduce Model of mucoadhesive strength = X X 2 (Eq. 3.6) The results of reduced model depicts that dependable variable mucoadhesive strength has positive signs of coefficients of factor X 1 and X2 which indicates as there was increase in concentrations and ratio of polymers from 1:2 to 1:1 and 2:1 was increase in mucoadhesive strength of tablet because of mucoadhesive polymer Carbopol 934P. IC Value
23 Figure 9 Response surface plot of Q 8, Swelling Index and Mucoadhesive Strength TABLE 13: CALCULATIONS OF TESTING MODEL IN PORTIONS Regression FM RM Error FM RM Regression FM RM Error FM RM Regression FM RM Error FM RM For Q 8 DF SS MS F R 2 F Cal. F Crit. DF = (1,5) For swelling index DF SS MS F R 2 F Cal. F Crit. DF = (1,5) For Mucoadhesive strength DF SS MS F R 2 F Cal. F Crit. DF = (3,3) IC Value
24 SELECTION OF OPTIMUM BATCH The values of similarity factor (f 2 ) for the batch D1 showed maximum f 2 value as shown in Table Hence, formulation batch D1 was considered as optimum batch. TABLE 14: SIMILARITY FACTOR (F 2 ) FOR BATCHES D1-D9 Batch Similarity factor (f 2 ) Dis-similarity factor (f 1 ) D D D D D D D D D Figure 10 Comparisons of ex-vivo permeation study IC Value
25 TABLE 15: EX-VIVO PERMEATION STUDY OF OPTIMIZE BATCH Time(hr.) Ex-vivo Release of D1 batch In-vitro Release of D1 batch RESULTS OF ACCELERATED STABILITY STUDY In order to determine the change in in-vitro release profile on storage, stability study of formulation D1 was carried out at 40 C in a humidity jar having 75 % RH. Samples evaluated after one month showed no change in-vitro drug release pattern as shown in Table 16. The value of similarity factor (f 2 ) was (Table 16) indicating good similarity of dissolution profiles before and after stability studies. The similarity factor must be above 50. If the similarity factor value is near to 100, similarity factor is very good. The comparative dissolution profile of before and after accelerated stability study showed in figure 11. TABLE 16: ACCELERATED STABILITY STUDY Time (hr) CPR (Initial) CPR (After storage at 40 o C for 1month) le Similarity factor (f 2 ) Dissimilarity factor (f 1 ) IC Value
26 Figure 11 Accelerated Stability Study CONCLUSION Mucoadhesive bilayer buccal tablets contains Domperidone drug, Carbopol 934P and HPMC K4M as polymers. Mucoadhesive bilayer buccal tablets of Domperidone composed of a drug containing core layer of Carbopol 934P: HPMC K4M and backing layer ethyl cellulose. Magnesium stearate, lactose and sweetening agents. Tablets of all formulations showed good physical appearance, both layers of the tablet were easily distinguishable. Weight variation tests showed that tablets of all formulations passes USP specifications. Hardness and friability test indicates that, tablets of all formulations were having good compactness and mechanical strength. The content uniformity of tablets revealed that the drug was uniformly mixed in the polymers. The surface ph of tablets was almost within the range of salivary ph. Swelling study showed that, HPMC exhibited high swelling capacity and concentration of polymers increase the swelling index. Mucoadhesive strength studies of all formulations showed that mucoadhesion was increased with increasing concentration of Carbopol 934P. Highest mucoadhesion was found in (2:1) combination of Carbopol and HPMC K4M. In-vitro dissolution studies revealed that the drug release increased with decrease in concentration of Carbopol IC Value
27 934p.the high cumulative release was obtained in the formulation of (1:2 ratio of Carbopol 934P and HPMC K4M) and 10% concentration of total polymer. The kinetic data showed that the optimized formulations were followed diffusion and erosion supported by regression coefficient(r) and followed non fickian behavior with nearly zero order release pattern. Stability study for the three months at 40 C in a humidity jar having 75 % RH as specified by ICH guideline, revealed that the selected batch D1 was stable(f1 value<50%<f2 value). REFERANCES 1. Gandhi PA A review article on mucoadhesive buccal drug delivery system Int. J. Pharma Research and Dev., 2011, 3, European pharmacopoeia. 3 rd ed. Strasbourg: Council of European, Strasbourg; pp British Pharmacopoeia. Vol. 1. London: HMSO; pp Rowe RC, Shesky PJ and Owen SC. Hand book of pharmaceutical excipients; 3rd Edn; American pharmaceutical association, Washington publisher, 2000, pp 398, 1446, Indian Pharmacopoeia, 6th Edn, the Indian Pharmacopoeia Commission, Ghaziabad, Sept. 2010, Volume-I, pp ICH guideline Q1A- Q1F, 7. Flese EF, Hugen TA. Preformulation, Lachman L., The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy, 4th Edn, Varghese publishing house, Mumbai, 1987, pp Indian Pharmacopoeia, volume I, Year 2010, Higuchi T. Mechanism of sustained action mediation, theoretical analysis of rate of release of solid drugs dispersed in solid matrices. J. Pharm. Sci. 1963, 52, Korsmeyer RW, Gurny R, Doelker E, Buri P and Peppas NA. Mechanism of solute release from porous hydrophillic polymers. Int. J. Pharma. 1983, 15, For Correspondence: Rahul B. Patel rahul1389patel@gmail.com IC Value
Formulation and Development of Sustained Release Tablets of Valsartan Sodium
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHARMACY, BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY Research Article Formulation and Development of Sustained Release Tablets of Valsartan Sodium G. Sandeep * and A. Navya Department of
More informationJournal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2, Issue 4, pp , Oct -Dec 2011
ISSN: 223-7346 Research Article Journal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol.2, Issue 4, pp -394-43, Oct -Dec 211 FORMULATION AND INVITRO EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF GLIMEPIRIDE
More informationSTABILITY STUDIES OF FORMULATED CONTROLLED RELEASE ACECLOFENAC TABLETS
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 8(1), 2010, 405-414 STABILITY STUDIES OF FORMULATED CONTROLLED RELEASE ACECLOFENAC TABLETS V. L. NARASAIAH, T. KARTHIK KUMAR, D. SRINIVAS, K. SOWMYA, P. L. PRAVALLIKA and Sk. Md. MOBEEN
More informationVolume: 2: Issue-3: July-Sept ISSN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF NICORANDIL
Volume: 2: Issue-3: July-Sept -2011 ISSN 0976-4550 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF NICORANDIL Ajaykumar Patil*, Ashish Pohane, Ramya Darbar, Sharanya Koutika, Alekhya
More informationFormulation and evaluation of immediate release salbutamol sulphate
5 Formulation, optimization and evaluation of immediate release layer of salbutamol sulphate Salbutamol is moderately selective beta (2)-receptor agonist similar in structure to terbutaline and widely
More informationAsian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Research Article ISSN: 2349 4492 Asian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal home page: www.ajrbps.com APPLICATION OF FACTORIAL DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE SUSTAINED
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC SODIUM BILAYER SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS
International Journal of ChemTech Research CODEN( USA): IJCRGG ISSN : 0974-4290 Vol.1, No.4, pp 1381-1385, Oct-Dec 2009 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACECLOFENAC SODIUM BILAYER SUSTAINED RELEASE TABLETS
More informationCHAPTER VI FACTORIAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF CYCLODEXTRINS AND SOLUTOL HS15 ON THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF EFAVIRENZ AND RITONAVIR
CHAPTER VI FACTORIAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF CYCLODEXTRINS AND SOLUTOL HS15 ON THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF EFAVIRENZ AND RITONAVIR Efavirenz and ritonavir, two widely prescribed anti retroviral
More informationFABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE CORDIA DICHOTOMA G.FORST FRUIT MUCILAGE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 7(4), 2009, 2555-2560 FABRICATION AND EVALUATION OF GLIMEPIRIDE CORDIA DICHOTOMA G.FORST FRUIT MUCILAGE SUSTAINED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS HINDUSTAN ABDUL AHAD *, B. PRADEEP KUMAR, C.
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research
Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2011, 3(3):159-164 Studies on formulation and in vitro evaluation
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PIROXICAM AND CELECOXIB TABLETS EMPLOYING PROSOLVE BY DIRECT COMPRESSION METHOD
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 6(3), 2008, 1270-1275 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF PIROXICAM AND CELECOXIB TABLETS EMPLOYING PROSOLVE BY DIRECT COMPRESSION METHOD K. P. R. CHOWDARY, P. TRIPURA SUNDARI and K. SURYA
More informationInternational Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Research
International Journal of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Research Journal Home Page: www.pharmaresearchlibrary.com/ijmpr Research Article Open Access Formulation and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating
More informationMaisammaguda, Dulapally, Secundrabad.
121 P a g e International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 2319-8141 International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 3(6): November-December 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL PHARMACY
More informationFormulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets of lisinopril
Journal of GROVER Scientific & Industrial AGARWAL: Research FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUBLINGUAL TABLETS OF LISINOPRIL Vol. 71, June 2012, pp. 413-417 413 Formulation and evaluation of sublingual tablets
More informationOPTIMIZATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE GASTRORETENTIVE BUOYANT TABLET WITH XANTHAN GUM AND POLYOX WSR 1105
Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures Vol. 9, No. 3, July September 2014, p. 1077-1084 OPTIMIZATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE GASTRORETENTIVE BUOYANT TABLET WITH XANTHAN GUM AND POLYOX WSR 1105
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE COLON TARGETED TABLETS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY Available online at www.ijrpc.com Research Article FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DILTIAZEM HYDROCHLORIDE COLON TARGETED TABLETS G. Subba Rao
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BILAYERED TABLET OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE
Academic Sciences International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN- 975-1491 Vol 4, Suppl 5, 212 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BILAYERED TABLET OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND PIOGLITAZONE
More informationEVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS. 6.7 Mathematical model fitting of obtained drug release data
EVALUATION OF EFFERVESCENT FLOATING TABLETS 6.1 Technological characteristics of floating tablets 6.2 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) 6.3 Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 6.4 In
More informationDESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FLURBIPROFEN
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(4), 2012, 2199-2208 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONTROLLED RELEASE MATRIX TABLETS OF FLURBIPROFEN K. V. R. N. S. RAMESH *, B. HEMA KIRNAMAYI
More informationVenkateswara Rao et.al Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology ISSN: (Print) ISSN: (Online)
Design and development of Metformin hydrochloride Tried sustained release tablets Venkateswara Rao T 1 *, Bhadramma N 1, Raghukiran CVS 2 and Madubabu K 3 Bapatla College of Pharmacy, Bapatla, Guntur-522101
More informationA Comparative Evaluation of Cross Linked Starch Urea-A New Polymer and Other Known Polymers for Controlled Release of Diclofenac
Asian Journal of Chemistry Vol. 22, No. 6 (2010), 4239-4244 A Comparative Evaluation of Cross Linked Starch Urea-A New Polymer and Other Known Polymers for Controlled Release of Diclofenac K.P.R. CHOWDARY*
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN-POLOXAMER 407-PVP K30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(1), 2012, 297-305 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF VALSARTAN TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN-POLOXAMER 407-PVP K30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES K. P.
More informationPreparation and Evaluation of Silymarin Controlled Release Tablets Prepared Using Natural Gums
1368 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology Volume 4 Issue 1 April-June 211 Research Paper International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology Volume 4 Issue
More informationDesign and In-vitro Evaluation of Silymarin Bilayer Tablets
CODEN (USA)-IJPRUR, e-issn: 2348-6465 International Journal of Pharma Research and Health Sciences Available online at www.pharmahealthsciences.net Original Article Design and In-vitro Evaluation of Silymarin
More informationSivakasi , Tamil Nadu, India. ABSTRACT KEYWORDS:
276 P a g e International Standard Serial Number (ISSN): 2319-8141 International Journal of Universal Pharmacy and Bio Sciences 4(1): January-February 2015 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UNIVERSAL PHARMACY AND
More informationFeasibility of using natural gums for development of sustained release matrix tablet of itopride
Available online at wwwscholarsresearchlibrarycom Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 215, 7 (3):114-123 (http://scholarsresearchlibrarycom/archivehtml) ISSN 975-571 USA CODEN: DPLEB4 Feasibility
More informationAvailable Online through Research Article
ISSN: 0975-766X Available Online through Research Article www.ijptonline.com DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE TABLETS FOR CONTROLLED DELIVERY OF NORFLOXOCIN Ganesh Kumar Gudas*, Subal Debnath,
More informationOptimization of valsartan tablet formulation by 2 3 factorial design
Research Article ISSN: 0974-6943 K. P. R. Chowdary et al. / Journal of Pharmacy Research 2014,8(9, Available online through http://jprsolutions.info Optimization of valsartan tablet formulation by 2 3
More informationScholars Research Library. Formulation and evaluation of buccoadhesive tablet of Atenolol
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2011, 3(2): 34-38 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4
More informationFormulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast Sodium
Available online on www.ijddt.com International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 214; (3); 98-13 Research Article ISSN: 97 441 Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast
More information3.1 Background. Preformulation Studies
Preformulation Studies 3.1 Background Delivery of any drug requires a suitable dosage form to get optimum therapeutic effects. The development of such dosage forms fundamental properties of the drug molecule
More informationSTUDIES ON EFFECT OF BINDERS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 10(4), 2012, 1934-1942 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com STUDIES ON EFFECT OF BINDERS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS K. VENUGOPAL * and K. P. R. CHOWDARY a Nirmala College
More information5.1 STANDARD CURVES OF DRUGS USED
223 Glipizide and Glimepiride matrix tablets were prepared by using Aloe barbadensis miller leaves mucilage, Guar gum, Povidone and were evaluated. Similarly Glipizide and Glimepiride transdermal patches
More informationResearch Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences
Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Formulation And Invitro Evaluation Of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets Of Ibuprofen S Shanmugam, T Vetrichelvan and P Niranjan* Adhiparasakthi
More informationAsian Journal of Pharmacy and Life Science ISSN Vol. 2 (2), July-Sept,2012
STUDIES ON EFFECT OF SUPERDISINTEGRANTS ON ETORICOXIB TABLET FORMULATIONS Chowdary K. P. R 1, Venugopal. K *2 1 College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Vishakapattanam. 2 * Nirmala college
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research
Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 211, 3(2):786-791 Development and optimization of colon targeted
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLETS OF NORFLOXACIN
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLETS OF NORFLOXACIN Ms. Jyoti Rathore 1*, Mr. Hitesh Kumar Parmar 1 Ujjain Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ujjain. Email- hkparmar7@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT
More informationInt. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 28(1), September October 2014; Article No. 21, Pages:
Research Article V.T. Iswariya 1 *, A Hariom Prakash Rao 1, V Lokeswara Babu 1, Mohd Abdul Hadi 1, A Srinivasa Rao 2 1 Dept. of Pharmaceutics, Bhaskar Pharmacy College, Bhaskar Nagar, Yenkapally (V), Moinabad
More informationVirendra Singh et.al, IJPRR 2014; 3(11) 22
Research Article Formulation and Development of Sustained Release Matrix Tablet of Ranolazine *Virendra Singh, Lokesh Kumar, Rakesh Kumar Meel Department of Pharmaceutics, Goenka College of Pharmacy, Vill.
More informationEffect of Polymer Concentration and Viscosity Grade on Atenolol Release from Gastric Floating Drug Delivery Systems
Effect of Polymer Concentration and Viscosity Grade on Atenolol Release from Gastric Floating Drug Delivery Systems 1 1 1 2 U.V. Bhosale*, V. Kusum Devi, Nimisha Jain and P.V. Swamy 1 Al-Ameen College
More informationJournal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences. Journal home page:
ISSN: 2230-7346 G Sridhar Babu et al. / JGTPS/ 5(4)-(2014) 2085-2092 (Research Article) Journal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal home page: www.jgtps.com FORMULATION AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION
More informationOptimization of Atenolol Core Tablet CHAPTER 5: OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION OF ATENOLOL CORE TABLETS
CHAPTER 5: OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION OF ATENOLOL CORE TABLETS 5.1. AIM OF THE STUDY The pulsatile type press coated colon targeted atenolol tablet release drug after 6 hr lag time. The compression coated
More informationFormulation and evaluation of sustained release matrix tablet of metoprolol succinate
17; 3(5): 448-453 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 17; 3(5): 445-453 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 15-03-17 Accepted: -04-17 Mangesh R Bhalekar Ashwini R Madgulkar
More informationFormulation and Evaluation of Metronidazole Enteric Coated Tablets for Colon Targeting
Human Journals Research Article May 2015 Vol.:3, Issue:2 All rights are reserved by Srilakshmi N et al. Formulation and Evaluation of Metronidazole Enteric Coated Tablets for Colon Targeting Keywords:
More informationFormulation and evaluation of oro-dispersible tablets of lafutidine
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2015, 7 (5):226-235 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4
More informationFormulation and evaluation of sustained release atenolol
9 Formulation, optimization and evaluation of sustained release layer of atenolol Atenolol is a cardioselective β-blocker widely prescribed for asymptomatic condition such as hypertension. It is poorly
More informationA FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF KETOPROFEN BY SOLID DISPERSION IN COMBINED CARRIERS
Research Article A FACTORIAL STUDY ON THE ENHANCEMENT OF DISSOLUTION RATE OF KETOPROFEN BY SOLID DISPERSION IN COMBINED CARRIERS K. P. R. Chowdary *, Tanniru Adinarayana, T. Vijay, Mercy. R. Prabhakhar
More informationFORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TELMISATAN SOLID DISPERSIONS
International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN (USA): IJPRIF ISSN : 974-434 Vol.2, No.1, pp 341-347, Jan-Mar 1 FORMULATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TELMISATAN SOLID DISPERSIONS Kothawade S. N. 1 *, Kadam
More informationImportant Characterization of Nicorandil Buccal Tablets
Human Journals Research Article February 2015 Vol.:2, Issue:3 All rights are reserved by Anil Kumar R et al. Important Characterization of Nicorandil Buccal Tablets Keywords: Surface ph, Mucoadhesive strength,
More informationENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY OF BICALUTAMIDE DRUG USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE
PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY OF BICALUTAMIDE DRUG USING SOLID DISPERSION TECHNIQUE Kantilal B. Narkhede *1, R. B. Laware 2, Y. P.
More informationDevelopment and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride
Development and evaluation of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of Tramadol Hydrochloride R. Margret Chandira*, C.M. Sahu and B. Jayakar Department of Pharmaceutics Vinayaka Mission s College of
More informationDEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED RELEASE FLOATING MATRIX TABLETS OF METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
ISSN: 0975-8232 IJPSR (2010), Vol. 1, Issue 8 (Research article) Received 11 April, 2010; received in revised form 17 June, 2010; accepted 13 July, 2010 DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF SUSTAINED
More informationFORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF BILAYER TABLETS OF AMOXICILLIN AND FAMOTIDINE
ISSN: 2395 1338 FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND IN-VITRO CHARACTERIZATION OF BILAYER TABLETS OF AMOXICILLIN AND FAMOTIDINE B. Venkateswara Reddy *, K. Navaneetha Department of Pharmaceutics, St.Paul s College
More informationFormulation Development, Evaluation and Comparative Study of Effects of Super Disintegrants in Cefixime Oral Disintegrating Tablets
Pharmaceutics Formulation Development, Evaluation and Comparative Study of Effects of Super Disintegrants in Cefixime Oral Disintegrating Tablets Remya KS, Beena P, Bijesh PV, Sheeba A Nazareth College
More informationFormulation development of Glipizide matrix tablet using different proportion of natural and semi synthetic polymers
Pharm Methods, 2017; 8(1): 45-53 A multifaceted peer reviewed journal in the field of Pharm Analysis and Pharmaceutics www.phmethods.net www.journalonweb.com/phm Research Article Formulation development
More informationFormulation and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet by Wet Granulation
ABSTRACT: Formulation and Evaluation of Bilayer Tablet by Wet Granulation Nishith Patel 1, Kanu R Patel 2, Rakesh kumar Jat 3 1 Research Scholar, JJT University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India 2 Asso. Professor,
More informationPreparation And Optimisation Of Valsartan Bilayered Sustained Release Matrix Tablets
ISSN 976 3333 Available Online at www.ijpba.info. International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological Archives 211; 2(3):914-92 ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE Preparation And Optimisation Of Valsartan Bilayered
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MELT-IN-MOUTH TABLETS OF DOMPERIDONE CONTAINING MULTICOMPONENT INCLUSION COMPLEX
Academic Sciences International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ISSN- 0975-1491 Vol 4, Issue 1, 2012 Research Article FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MELT-IN-MOUTH TABLETS OF DOMPERIDONE
More informationInt. Res J Pharm. App Sci., 2013; 3(6):42-46 ISSN:
International Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Sciences (IRJPAS) Available online at www.irjpas.com Int. Res J Pharm. App Sci., 2013; 3(6):42-46 Research Article ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY
More informationFORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF COLON TARGETED DOSAGE FORM OF IBUPROFEN
FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF COLON TARGETED DOSAGE FORM OF IBUPROFEN Pranjal Kumar Singh*, Sanjoo Kumar, T.S.Easwari, V.K.Shukla, Guru Sharan Department of Pharmaceutics, IIMT College of Medical
More informationPREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF STARCH - PEG 1500 CO-PROCESSED EXCIPIENT AS A NEW DIRECTLY COMPRESSIBLE VEHICLE IN TABLET FORMULATIONS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY Available online at www.ijrpc.com Research Article PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF STARCH - PEG 1500 CO-PROCESSED EXCIPIENT AS A NEW DIRECTLY COMPRESSIBLE
More informationFORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ER METOPROLAOL SUCCINATE TABLETS
International Journal of PharmTech Research CODEN( USA): IJPRIF ISSN : 0974-4304 Vol.1, No.3, pp 634-638, July-Sept 2009 FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ER METOPROLAOL SUCCINATE TABLETS K. Reeta Vijaya
More informationFormulation Development and Evaluation of Modified Release Tablet using a Fixed Dose Combination of Antidiabetic Agents
Research Article Formulation Development and Evaluation of Modified Release Tablet using a Fixed Dose Combination of Antidiabetic Agents Nishit Gohel 1*, D M Patel 2, Komal Patel 3, Jignasa Modi 4 1 School
More informationAnkarao A. et al. / International Journal of Biopharmaceutics. 2013; 4(1): International Journal of Biopharmaceutics
61 e- ISSN 0976-1047 Print ISSN 2229-7499 International Journal of Biopharmaceutics Journal homepage: www.ijbonline.com IJB FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BUCCOADHESIVE BILAYERED TABLETS OF CARVEDILOL Ankarao
More informationFormulation and Evaluation
Chapter-5 Formulation and Evaluation 5.1 OBJECTIVE After successful taste masking and solubility enhancement of drugs in preliminary studies, by using Mannitol Solid Dispersion, next step includes the
More informationEFFECT OF PVP ON CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXATION OF EFAVIRENZ FOR ENHANCING ITS SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY Available online at www.ijrpc.com Research Article EFFECT OF PVP ON CYCLODEXTRIN COMPLEXATION OF EFAVIRENZ FOR ENHANCING ITS SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION
More informationFormulation and evaluation of fast dissolving tablet of aceclofenac
International Journal of Drug Delivery 2 (2010) 93-97 http://www.arjournals.org/ijdd.html Research article ISSN: 0975-0215 Formulation and evaluation of fast dissolving tablet of aceclofenac Sudhir Bhardwaj
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATIONOF AMOXYCILLIN: THREE-LAYER GUAR GUM MATRIX TABLET
Gupta and Singh, IJPSR, 2013; Vol. 4(7): 2683-2690. ISSN: 0975-8232 IJPSR (2013), Vol. 4, Issue 7 (Research Article) Received on 05 March, 2013; received in revised form, 29 April, 2013; accepted, 29 June,
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ETORICOXIB TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN- POLOXAMER PVPK30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES
Volume: 2: Issue-4: Oct - Dec -2011 ISSN 0976-4550 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ETORICOXIB TABLETS EMPLOYING CYCLODEXTRIN- POLOXAMER 407 - PVPK30 INCLUSION COMPLEXES K.P.R. Chowdary*, K. Surya Prakasa
More informationPreparation and In vitro Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Tablets of Montelukast Sodium
Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(2): 123-131, 2017 Preparation and In vitro Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Tablets of Montelukast Sodium Farzana Akter Bithi, Tushar Saha, Nusrat Ahmed, Ikramul Hasan and
More information7. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
211 7. SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Drug absorption from the gastro intestinal tract can be limited by various factors with the most common one being poor aqueous solubility and poor permeability
More informationDesign and Characterization of Gastroretentive Bilayer Tablet of Amoxicillin Trihydrate and Ranitidine Hydrochloride for H.
Pharmaceutical Research Design and Characterization of Gastroretentive Bilayer Tablet of Amoxicillin Trihydrate and Ranitidine Hydrochloride for H. pylori Infection Shikha Jain, Vikas Jain, S.C. Mahajan
More informationAsian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research
ISSN: 2231-2560 Research Article Asian Journal of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Research Design and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Dipyridamole: Influence of Formulation Variables A.
More informationskim milk as carrier by kneading method. They were evaluated for percentage yield, drug content, FT-IR
Available Online through ISSN: 0975-766X CODEN: IJPTFI Research Article www.ijptonline.com ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY & DISSOLUTION RATE OF LAMOTRIGINE BY KNEADING METHOD Gadhave M.V*, Mahakal A. J., Gaikwad
More informationFACTORIAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF HYDROXY PROPYL β- CYCLODEXTRIN AND POLOXAMER 407 ON THE SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF BCS CLASS II DRUGS
JChrDD Vol 2 Issue 2 2011: 89-93 ISSN 2249-6785 Journal of Chronotherapy and Drug Delivery Received: August 06, 2011 Accepted: Sep 12, 2011 Original Research Paper FACTORIAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECTS OF HYDROXY
More informationFormulation Development and Evaluation of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets of Guaiphenesin
3312 Int J Pharm Sci Nanotech Vol 9; Issue 3 May June 2016 International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology Research Paper Volume 9 Issue 3 May June 2016 MS ID: IJPSN-4-6-16-BASARKAR
More informationDesign and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate
Design and development of fast Melting Tablets of Terbutaline Sulphate Mathew T and Agrawal S Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy, Khandwa Road, Indore (MP), INDIA Available online at: www.isca.in (Received
More informationFORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE LOZENGES FOR TREATMENT OF COUGH
WORLD JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES Patel et al. Volume 3, Issue 5, 822-834. Research Article ISSN 2278 4357 FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF DIPHENHYDRAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE LOZENGES FOR TREATMENT
More informationFormulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Leflunomide Tablet with Enhanced Dissolution
ISSN 2395-3411 Available online at www.ijpacr.com 486 Research Article Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Leflunomide Tablet with Enhanced Dissolution Ghanshayma M. Patil*, Harshal K. Patil, Vipul
More informationResearch Article Formulation and Evaluation of Dual Component Tablets of Metoprolol tartrate
Research Article Formulation and Evaluation of Dual Component Tablets of Metoprolol tartrate Rashmin N. Patel 1 * and Praful D. Bharadia 2 Department of Pharmaceutics, B. S. Patel Pharmacy College, Saffrony
More informationFormulation And Evaluation Of Flurbiprofen Matrix Tablets For Colon Targeting
Formulation And Evaluation Of Flurbiprofen Matrix Tablets For Colon Targeting Biresh Kumar Sarkar* 1, Devananda Jain 1, Mamta Parwal 2 1. Bhagwant University, Dept.of Pharmaceutical Tech and Sciences,
More informationAsian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal home page:
Research Article ISSN: 2349 4492 Asian Journal of Research in Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences Journal home page: www.ajrbps.com DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
More informationThe Relevance of USP Methodology in the Development of a Verapamil Hydrochloride (240 mg) Extended Release Formulation
METHOCEL Premium Cellulose Ethers Application Data The Relevance of USP Methodology in the Development of a Verapamil Hydrochloride (240 mg) Extended Release Formulation INTRODUCTION Hydrophilic matrices
More informationINTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ISSN Research Article
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY www.irjponline.com ISSN 2230 8407 Research Article FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF CLARITHROMYCIN ORAL DOSAGE FORM AGAINST HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION
More informationResearch Article Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Rosiglitazone Sublingual Tablets
Research Article Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Fast Disintegrating Rosiglitazone Sublingual Tablets Bhanja Satyabrata *, Hardel Danendra K and Sudhakar Muvvala Department of Pharmaceutics, Malla
More informationPatel Krunal M et al. IRJP 2 (2)
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHARMACY ISSN 223 87 Available online http://www.irjponline.com Research Article DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF MODIFIED RELEASE TABLET OF MONTELUKAST SODIUM BY
More informationFormulation and evaluation of intraorally fast dissolving tablet of olmesartan medoxomil
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2013, 5 (1):232-237 (http://scholarsresearchlibrary.com/archive.html) ISSN 0975-5071 USA CODEN: DPLEB4
More informationPHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
PHARMA SCIENCE MONITOR AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES ULTRA VIOLET AND DERIVATIVE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHODS FOR ESTIMATION OF METOLAZONE IN PHARMACEUTICALS Shobha Manjunath, S. Appala
More informationFORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF FAMOTIDINE FLOATING TABLETS BY LIPID SOLID DISPERSION SPRAY DRYING TECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY Available online at www.ijrpc.com Research Article FORMULATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF FAMOTIDINE FLOATING TABLETS BY LIPID SOLID DISPERSION
More informationENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF NIMESULIDE BY CYCLODEXTRINS, POLOXAMER AND PVP
Int. J. Chem. Sci.: 9(2), 20, 637-646 ISSN 0972-768X www.sadgurupublications.com ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE OF NIMESULIDE BY CYCLODEXTRINS, POLOXAMER AND PVP K. P. R. CHOWDARY *, K.
More informationINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND BIO-SCIENCE
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND BIO-SCIENCE FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF BIOADHESIVE BILAYER BUCCAL TABLET OF ESOMEPRAZOLE PATEL DEVAL, PATEL RIPAL, DR. PATEL UPENDRA, MR. BHIMANI
More informationFormulation and Evaluation of Glicazide Mouth Dissolving Tablets
Research Article Vishakha S. Hastak*, Yogyata S. Pathare, Kiran C. Mahajan Department of Pharmaceutics, Shree Chanakya Education Society's Indira college of Pharmacy, Tathawade, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
More informationVolume: I: Issue-2: Aug-Oct ISSN NOVEL APPROACH IN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE
Volume: I: Issue-2: Aug-Oct -2010 ISSN 0976-4550 NOVEL APPROACH IN FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF MOUTH DISSOLVING TABLETS OF ONDANSETRON HYDROCHLORIDE * Hindustan Abdul Ahad, Anuradha CM, Chitta Suresh
More informationJournal of Advanced Scientific Research. Formulation and Evaluation of Glimepiride Solid Dispersion Tablets for Their Solubility Enhancement
Wagh V.T. et al, J Adv Sci Res, 2012, 3(4): 36-41 36 Journal of Advanced Scientific Research Available online through http://www.sciensage.info/jasr ISSN 0976-9595 Research Article Formulation and Evaluation
More informationScholars Research Library. Formulation Development of Pioglitazone Tablets Employing β Cyclodextrin- Poloxamer 407- PVP K30: A Factorial Study
Available online at www.scholarsresearchlibrary.com Scholars Research Library Der Pharmacia Lettre, 2011, 3 (6):24-30 (http:scholarsresearchlibrary.comarchive.html) ISSN 0974-248X USA CODEN: DPLEB4 Formulation
More informationMay Vol: 06 Issue: 01 (1-12)
May 16 Vol: 6 Issue: 1 (1-1) RESEARCH PAPER Formulation and Evaluation of Extended Release Tablets of Metformin HCl Anamika Chouhan*1, Deepak Marothia1, Khushboo Ranka1, Kamal Singh Rathore 1Department
More informationDevelopment And Evaluation Of Gastroretentive Floating Tablet Of Rosuvastatin
Development And Evaluation Of Gastroretentive Floating Tablet Of Rosuvastatin Amiya kumar Prusty, Archana P. Chand Institute of Pharmacy and Technology, salipur, Biju Patnaik University of technology,
More informationInternational Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Ramesh Naik M et al IJCPS, 2014, Vol.2(11): 1259-1264 Research Article ISSN: 2321-3132 International Journal of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Fabrication and Evaluation of Montelukastsodium Sustained
More informationFormulation and evaluation of gastro retentive floating tablets of Terbutaline sulphate
Formulation and evaluation of gastro retentive floating tablets of Terbutaline sulphate Lokesh Kumar*, Virendra Singh, Rakesh Kumar Meel Department of Pharmaceutics, Goenka College of Pharmacy, NH-11,
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF NON SODIUM EFFERVESCENT TABLET OF PARACETAMOL USING ARGININE CARBONATE
IJPSR (2013), Vol. 4, Issue 5 (Research Article) Received on 17 July, 2012; received in revised form, 23 February, 2013; accepted, 14 April, 2013 DEVELOPMENT OF NON SODIUM EFFERVESCENT TABLET OF PARACETAMOL
More information