Effectiveness of whole dried Dunaliella salina marine microalgae in the chelating and detoxification of toxic minerals and heavy metals.
|
|
- Melina Warner
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Effectiveness of whole dried Dunaliella salina marine microalgae in the chelating and detoxification of toxic minerals and heavy metals. Zac Bobrov, Ian Tracton, Kathrine Taunton, Dr Megan Mathews March 6, 2008 Background The microalgae Dunaliella salina (DS) is an edible, nutrient rich, single cell, marine phytoplankton (micromarine algae). Dunaliella salina is one of the most ancient life forms on earth and is considered to be an extremophile as it lives in an extreme saline environments where it is commonly exposed to severe UV radiation. As a response to these environments Dunaliella salina produces high levels of antioxidants and Dunaliella salina has recently been developed as a novel food source/nutraceutical with high levels of carotenoid antioxidants, minerals and trace elements with whole dried Dunaliella salina being listed on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods (AUSTL ) and available as an over-the-counter nutritional supplement sold under the trade name Algotene. Dunaliella salina is one of the highest natural sources of dietary carotenoids. It is richest in beta-carotene. Natural beta-carotene consists of several isomers, with the two main isomers 9-cis and all-trans having different functions. The 9-cis isomer is known as one of nature s most powerful antioxidants. The all-trans isomer is a major pro-vitamin A nutrient, but has little antioxidant activity. In contrast to synthetic beta-carotene, which only contains the alltrans isomer, natural (all-trans) beta-carotene is found together with other carotenoids. Both synthetic and natural forms of all-trans beta-carotene are readily converted by the body into vitamin A and thus play an essential role in vision, growth, reproduction and regulation of the immune system and in helping maintain the health and integrity of the skin and mucous membranes. (Braun 2005). However, while high doses of vitamin A can be toxic, betacarotene is only converted to vitamin A by the body as required, thus making it non-toxic even when given at doses of up to 180mg/day for long periods of time. (Mathews-Roth 1990). Studies involving microalgae, such as chlorella, have suggested that dried algae consumed in sufficient quantities may be beneficial in the removal of toxic elements from the body. Whole Dunaliella salina cells contain particularly high levels of carotenoids, minerals and other phytonutrients making this algae potentially useful in assisting with elimination of toxic elements and heavy metals. To date most of the clinical research on Dunaliella salina has been on beta- carotene containing extracts of Dunaliella salina rather than the whole organism. Human studies suggest that Dunaliella salina extracts can protect against exercise-induced asthma (Neuman, Nahum et al. 1999; Moreira, Moreira et al. 2004), normalise high LDL oxidation in patients with diabetes (Levy, Zaltsberg et al. 2000) and male hyperlipidaemic smokers (Chao, Huang et al. 2002). Dunaliella salina also protects against radiation damage, as demonstrated by its use in children exposed to the Chernobyl disaster (Ben-Amotz, Yatziv et al. 1998). It protects the skin from sun damage by providing double the skin s protection against sunburn. This was shown when 24mg of beta-carotene derived from Dunaliella salina was taken daily for more than 10 weeks (Heinrich, Gartner et al. 2003). Animals studies further suggest that natural beta-carotene from Dunaliella salina can protect against
2 gastrointestinal inflammation (Lavy, Naveh et al. 2003), water immersion stress (Takenaka, Takahashi et al. 1993), whole body irradiation (Ben-Amotz, Rachmilevich et al. 1996) and CNS oxygen toxicity (Bitterman, Melamed et al. 1994). The purpose of the study is to determine the bioavailability of the carotenoids in whole dried Dunaliella salina cells and its effect on mineral stores when given over a 14 week period. The study also aimed to assess the effect of Dunaliella salina supplementation on the heavy metal content of hair, which is recognized by the World Health Organization, the International Atomic Energy Agency, and the US Environmental Protection Agency as being an indicator of heavy metal contamination. It was hypothesized that the supplementation with Dunaliella salina will: Increase the body s beta-carotene stores in a dose dependent fashion. Improve the bodies mineral stores and balances Produce a noticeable alteration in skin colour. Increase serum beta-carotene that will reach a plateau within Materials and Methods Subjects recruited were healthy male and female adults with normal diets, able to provide informed consent and attend the study site for required tests. Blood serum carotenoid levels were monitored at regular intervals weeks 0 (baseline), 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 14. Hair mineral levels were assessed at baseline and week 14. These assessments included analysis of nutrient and trace minerals as well as heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Be and Al using established ICP-Mass Spectrometry analytical techniques. Subjects were also given a questionnaire asking about demographic data, smoking status, skin appearance, side effects and general health. Three grams of whole dried Dunaliella salina were administered to participants in capsule form as three 500mg capsules (Algotene ) taken twice daily over a fourteen week period. The product used consisted of encapsulated whole dried Dunaliella salina cells which contained around 1.5 beta-carotene. The active product all came from the same batch. An analysis of that batch including a precise breakdown of carotenoids, antioxidants and minerals was performed. Serum Carotenoid Testing Methods Samples of 1.0ml serum were analysed using the Shimadzu HPCL (High performance liquid chromatography ) system. The method used for serum carotenoid testing involved the precipitation of plasma proteins followed by extraction of compounds in an organic phase, separation on a reverse phase HPLC column and measurement using a programmed variable wavelength UV-visible detector. The reference range was established by the testing laboratory with a normal Range for beta- Carotene of µmol/L with a detection limit of 0.1µmol/L.
3 Tissue Mineral Analysis Procedure Hair specimens were obtained by normal and accepted collection protocol, i.e. approximately 150 mg. of untreated hair obtained from four to five different locations of the posterior vertex and posterior temporal regions of the scalp, not exceeding one and one-half inches in length from the scalp. Excess distal hair was discarded prior to sending the specimen to the lab. In the trace element laboratory, the hair specimen was cut into hair strands less than 3mm in length and mixed to allow a representative sub-sampling. After cutting, each specimen was weighed accurately (+/ g) then transferred into a 15 ml acid-washed polypropylene centrifuge tube to which ultra-pure trace-metal grade HNO3 was added. The specimen tubes containing the HNO3 and hair were then introduced into a CEM Mars 5 Plus Microwave Digestion apparatus. Under precise microprocessor control, the hair specimen was subject to the HNO3 acid and a uniform high temperature digestion via a twostage temperature ramping sequence, utilizing a fibre optic temperature probe placed into a representative specimen tube within the microwave digestion tray. In the first stage, the samples were taken to 70 degrees centigrade and held for 20 minutes. After 20 minutes, the temperature was slowly increased (ramped) to 115 degrees centrigrade and held for an additional 15 minutes. After digestion, the samples were cooled, uncapped and then accurately diluted to a set volume with a deionized water/gold solution, recapped and placed on a vortexer for thorough mixing of each hydrated specimen. All measurements were performed on a Perkin-Elmer Mass Spectrometer (Sciex Elan 6100 or 9000). Instrument calibration for all analytes was performed with the linear regression method by means of a four-point calibration curve using commercially available (NIST sourced) stock standard solutions. Accuracy of study calibration and entire methodology was verified by the appropriate use of; reagent blanks, independent calibration verification, standard check solutions, and the use of pooled hair specimen, pooled hair aqueous solutions and other hair material with established reference ranges. Verification of calibration linearity and recalibration of the mass spectrometer was performed after every 24 specimens. Results Carotenoid levels Table 1 presents the results of vitamin A and carotenoid testing at each time point. All participants showed a marked increase in serum carotenoid levels, with larger increases seen among the non smokers. The greatest increase during the 14 week study was 767 from baseline, with other non smoking participants showing increases of 247, 290 and 511. In the two smokers, blood serum carotenoids increased by 111 and 193. The participant who reported having the highest intake of fruit and vegetables in the questionnaire also had the highest baseline carotenoid level at the beginning of the test. The increase in serum carotenoid level at week 14 for this participant was in the mid-range of results observed (290). Responses to the questionnaire showed at least one participant noticed an increase in skin tone and colour, believing it was an improvement. While no patients reported any adverse reactions, one patient reported cold and flu symptoms during the study.
4 Table 1 Serum carotenoid and Vitamin A analysis at baseline and TEST SUBJECT No. WEEKS DATE VITAMIN A ( umol/l)* Carotene ( umol/l)* Participant 1 4/04/ year old, male 1 19/04/ non-smoker, 3 28/04/ high consumption 6 17/05/ of fruit & vegetables 9 6/06/ /06/ /07/ Participant 2 5/04/ year old, female 1 11/04/ non-smoker, 3 26/04/ low-moderate consumption 6 10/05/ of fruit & vegetables 9 30/05/ /06/ /07/ Participant 3 9/04/ year old, female 1 20/04/ smoker, 3 3/05/ moderate consumption 6 15/05/ of fruit & vegetables 9 9/06/ /06/ /07/ Participant 4 13/04/ year old, male 1 20/04/ non smoker, 3 5/05/ moderate consumption 6 22/05/ of fruit & vegetables 9 9/06/ /06/ /07/ Participant 5 6/04/ year old, female 1 13/04/ non-smoker, 3 28/04/ moderate consumption 6 11/05/ of fruit & vegetables 9 1/06/ /06/ /07/ Participant 6 7/04/ year old, male 1 20/04/ smoker; 3 8/05/ high consumption of 6 26/05/ fruit & vegetables 9 16/06/ /07/ /07/
5 * Reference ranges established by the testing laboratory Tissue Mineral Analysis Results Results showed significant reductions in the levels of heavy metals and toxic elements across the majority of participants in particular Arsenic, Lead Cadmium and Copper. Table 2 presents the results of the Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis testing. Arsenic (As) Arsenic levels were consistently lower across all participants at week 14 with the largest reduction being 77 and the smallest reduction 23 of baseline levels. Cadmium (Cd) Four out of six sets of results showed reductions in levels of cadmium. The maximum reduction was shown at 75. One participant with the highest baseline level of cadmium showed a 93 increase in their results along with increased levels of mercury and lead. Lead (Pb) Five out of six participants showed a notable reduction from the baseline levels with the highest reduction being 78. Copper (Cu) Copper levels were reduced in five out of six participants. One participant who was well below the reference range at baseline testing showed an increase in copper of 18 placing the result closer to the recommended reference range for copper. The participant who showed the most dramatic reduction in copper levels also had the highest baseline copper level. This was the same participant with the highest baseline levels of mercury, cadmium and lead. Nickel (Ni) Four out of six participants showed notable nickel reductions. Tin levels were increased in one of the participants, again in the same individual who had shown the highest levels in other metals. Tin (Sn) Four out six participants showed a reduction in tin levels. One patient s level remained static. Mercury (Hg) Two of the six participants showed slightly elevated mercury and both these showed a 25 and 8 reduction respectively. The other patients showed statistically low levels of mercury at the lowest end of the reference scale, with variations at this level of little statistical significance. Aluminium (Al) All participants registered as below the reference scale for aluminium at baseline testing, however five out of six participants showed further reductions. Beryllium (Be) There were no changes in any participants beryllium levels. All six participants tested below calibration levels at baseline and in final testing.
6 Table 2 Heavy metal and elemental analysis at baseline and SUBJECT As Cd Pb Cu Ni Sn Hg Al <.020* <.014* <.30* * * * < 0.18* <1.8* * Reference ranges established by the testing laboratory Decrease Increase - statistically insignificant Dark shading indicates above reference range at baseline
7 Discussion The study demonstrated that whole dried Dunaliella salina cells contain bioavailable carotenoid antioxidants and significantly elevated blood serum carotenoid levels in all participants. It is interesting to note that at baseline all participants had carotenoid levels at the lower end of the laboratory reference range, indicating that the wider Australian population may have low carotenoid levels and that supplemental sources may be of value in the diet. Of further interest is the number of subjects who had significant levels of heavy metals in hair specimens above the reference range at baseline. This suggests that heavy metal contamination may possibly be a feature of the general population. Results showed significant reductions in the hair levels of heavy metals and toxic elements across most participants. These results strongly suggest that whole dried Dunaliella salina may be extremely useful in detoxification and chelation and warrant further investigation. While we hypothesize that the high level of carotenoid antioxidants, nutrient minerals other properties found within the algae are primarily responsible for the detoxification results, the exact mechanism is unproven. Conclusion Whole dried Dunaliella salina cells are an effective source of bioavailable carotenoids and 14 weeks of supplementation with Dunaliella salina can produce favourable shifts in heavy metals and elemental minerals. The results of this preliminary observational study now need to be confirmed in a more rigorous randomized controlled trial. For more information contact: lab@interclinical.com.au References Braun, L., Cohen, M. (2005) Herbs and Natural Supplements : An evidence based guide. Sydney, Elsevier Mathews-Roth, M. M. "Carotenoid functions in photoprotection and cancer prevention" Journal Of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology And Oncology: Official Organ Of The International Moreira, A., P. Moreira, et al. (2004). "Increased dietary beta-carotene intake associated with better asthma quality of life." Alergologia e Inmunologia Clinica 19(3): Neuman, I., H. Nahum, et al. (1999). "Prevention of exercise-induced asthma by a natural isomer mixture of beta-carotene." Annals Of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology: Official Publication Of The American College Of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology 82(6): Ben-Amotz, A., S. Yatziv, et al. (1998). "Effect of natural beta-carotene supplementation in children exposed to radiation from the Chernobyl accident." Radiation And Environmental Biophysics 37(3): Levy, Y., H. Zaltsberg, et al. (2000). "Dietary supplementation of a natural isomer mixture of
8 beta-carotene inhibits oxidation of LDL derived from patients with diabetes mellitus." Annals Of Nutrition & Metabolism 44(2): Chao, J. C.-J., C.-H. Huang, et al. (2002). "Effects of Β-carotene, vitamin C and E on antioxidant status in hyperlipidemic smokers." Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 13(7): Heinrich, U., C. Gartner, et al. (2003). "Supplementation with beta-carotene or a similar amount of mixed carotenoids protects humans from UV-induced erythema." The Journal Of Nutrition 133(1): Lavy, A., Y. Naveh, et al. (2003). "Dietary Dunaliella bardawil, a & Beta;-carotene-rich alga, protects against acetic acid-induced small bowel inflammation in rats." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 9(6): Takenaka, H., H. Takahashi, et al. (1993). "Protective effect of Dunaliella bardawil on waterimmersion-induced stress in rats." Planta Medica 59(5): Ben-Amotz, A., B. Rachmilevich, et al. (1996). "Natural beta-carotene and whole body irradiation in rats." Radiation And Environmental Biophysics 35(4): Bitterman, N., Y. Melamed, et al. (1994). "Beta-carotene and CNS oxygen toxicity in rats." Journal Of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985) 76(3):
MULTI-COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS
MULTI-COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF HEAVY METALS in Various Foods Using Shimadzu s AA, ICP, ICPMS & EDX HEAVY METALS TESTING HEAVY METALS POSE A SIGNIFICANT THREAT TO HUMAN HEALTH The U.S. Food and Drug Administration
More informationAnalysis of trace elements in nutraceuticals in compliance with USP chapter <2232> Elemental Contaminants in Dietary Supplements
APPLICATION NOTE 43445 Analysis of trace elements in nutraceuticals in compliance with USP chapter Elemental Contaminants in Dietary Supplements Authors Sanja Asendorf, Application Specialist, Thermo
More informationβ-carotene-rich Extract From Dunaliella Salina
0 out of 5 Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 84th meeting 2017 β-carotene-rich Extract From Dunaliella Salina This monograph was
More informationDETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN WATERS AND WASTES BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA - MASS SPECTROMETRY EPA Method (Revision 5.
DETERMINATION OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN WATERS AND WASTES BY INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA - MASS SPECTROMETRY EPA Method 200.8 (Revision 5.4, 1994) Table 1A. Summary of Holding Times and Preservation for Trace
More informationISSN (Print), ISSN (online) 1 Okeke O.R. and 2 Okeke M.U.
ESTIMATION OF THE DIETARY INTAKES OF HEAVY METALS BY CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, ADULTS AND SENIORS CONSUMING CHICKEN MEATS WITHIN AWKA AND ENUGU METROPOLIS AND ITS ENVIRONS. 1 Okeke O.R. and 2 Okeke M.U. 1
More informationTRACE ELEMENTS IN URINE. Event #1, 2010
TRACE ELEMENTS IN URINE Event #, 00 March 6, 00 Event #, 00 Urine Arsenic The source of the test materials is human urine obtained from donor volunteers with informed consent. Urine was collected into
More informationIsolation of five carotenoid compounds from tangerine tomatoes
Isolation of five carotenoid compounds from tangerine tomatoes Thesis Thomas Haufe Advisor: Steven J. Schwartz, Ph.D Department of Food Science and Technology Presented in fulfillment of the requirements
More informationJournal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research
Available on line www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research ISSN No: 0975-7384 CODEN(USA): JCPRC5 J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 2011, 3(2):397-402 Analysis of heavy metals in citrus juice from
More informationLead and Cadmium Levels in Some Commercially Available Local and Imported Peach Juice Samples in Alkoms City
Human Journals Research Article September 2018 Vol.:13, Issue:2 All rights are reserved by Zaid M. Najah et al. Lead and Cadmium Levels in Some Commercially Available Local and Imported Peach Juice Samples
More informationHawaiian Spirulina Pacifica
Hawaiian Spirulina Pacifica World s Healthiest Food More nutrition gram-per-gram than any other product in the world Spirulina Nutrient Comparison Spirulina has 300% more calcium than whole milk Good for
More informationMercury, Cadmium and Lead Levels in Three Commercially Important Marine Fish Species of in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka J. Aquat. Sci. 15 (2010): 39-43 Mercury, Cadmium and Lead Levels in Three Commercially Important Marine Fish Species of in Sri Lanka B.K.K.K. JINADASA 1*, L.R.S. RAMEESHA 2, E.M.R.K.B. EDIRISINGHE
More informationDetermination of Copper in Green Olives using ICP-OES
Application Note Food and Agriculture Determination of Copper in Green Olives using ICP-OES Intelligent Rinse function reduced analysis time by 60%, saving 191.4 L of argon Authors Ryley Burgess, Agilent
More informationMETHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION: QUANTIFICATION OF METALS IN LIQUIDS AND AEROSOL OF E-CIGARETTES
METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION: QUANTIFICATION OF METALS IN LIQUIDS AND AEROSOL OF E-CIGARETTES Sandra Otte, Sonja Nowak & Michael Intorp Imperial Tobacco Group; Special Analytes Laboratory Hamburg,
More informationApplication Note. Agilent Application Solution Analysis of ascorbic acid, citric acid and benzoic acid in orange juice. Author. Abstract.
Agilent Application Solution Analysis of ascorbic acid, citric acid and benzoic acid in orange juice Application Note Author Food Syed Salman Lateef Agilent Technologies, Inc. Bangalore, India 8 6 4 2
More informationβ-carotene (trans or cis isomer)
β-carotene (trans or cis isomer) Overview Natural beta-carotene contains a mixture of different isomers (cis and trans) of the betacarotene molecule. Synthetically produced beta-carotene is nature identical.
More informationTHE EFFECT OF FRYING AND STEAMING ON β-carotene CONTENT IN ORANGE AND YELLOW SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.)
THE EFFECT OF FRYING AND STEAMING ON β-carotene CONTENT IN ORANGE AND YELLOW SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.) Yudha Amandangi S 1., Yunahara Farida 1 Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University 1
More informationTest Report No.T JP Date: FEB 22, 2017 Page 1 of 6
Test Report No.T51710190051JP Date: FEB 22, 2017 Page 1 of 6 JIAN PLASTIC & METAL PRODUCTS LTD NO.3-1, SOUTH GAOBU BLVD, GAOBU TOWN, DONGGUAN CITY, GUANGDONG PROVINCE, CHINA,ZIP CODE:523278 The following
More informationGB Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE
Translated English of Chinese Standard: GB5009.268-2016 www.chinesestandard.net Buy True-PDF Auto-delivery. Sales@ChineseStandard.net GB NATIONAL STANDARD OF THE PEOPLE S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GB 5009.268-2016
More informationSECTIOn 3. Multi-Element ClP Standards for ICP & ICP-MS
SECTIOn 3 Multi-Element for ICP & ICP-MS Your Science is Our Passion. Multi-Element for ICP & ICP-MS Every CLP standard allows you to Calibrate With Condfidence. The following standards are to be used
More information9. NUTRITIONAL AND NUTRACEUTICAL EVALUATION
9. NUTRITIONAL AND NUTRACEUTICAL EVALUATION Wild mushrooms are becoming more important in our diet due to their nutritional value in view of the high protein and low fat/energy contents (Diéz and Alvarez,
More informationHEAVY METAL DETOXIFICATION PROGRAM GUIDE METAL-FREE DETOXIFICATION PROGRAM
HEAVY METAL DETOXIFICATION PROGRAM GUIDE Thank you for your interest in Metal-Free. You have taken your first step to a healthy method of heavy metal detoxification. There are 4 parts to this program guide:
More informationApplication Note novaa 800 D. Determination of Macro and Trace Minerals as well as Toxic Trace Metals in Powdered Milk. Challenge.
Application Note novaa 800 D Determination of Macro and Trace Minerals as well as Toxic Trace Metals in Powdered Milk Introduction The popularity of milk and dairy products is growing worldwide, resulting
More informationKinetics of carotenoid concentration in human skin after topical and systemic administration of antioxidants
Department of Dermatology and Allergology Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Kinetics of carotenoid concentration in human skin after topical and systemic administration of antioxidants M. E. Darvin
More informationDetermination of mercury in wine by vapour generation and atomic spectrofluorimeter (Resolution Oeno 15/2002)
Method OIV-MA-AS323-06 Type IV method Determination of mercury in wine by vapour generation and atomic spectrofluorimeter (Resolution Oeno 15/2002) 1. FIELD OF APPLICATION This method applies to the analysis
More informationLESSONS FROM THE RESULTS OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES AND TRIALS OF BETA-CAROTENE AND VITAMIN E?
LESSONS FROM THE RESULTS OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES AND TRIALS OF BETA-CAROTENE AND VITAMIN E? Julie E. Buring, ScD American College if Epidemiology Chicago, September 2003 BETA-CAROTENE AND CANCER At the
More informationDetermination of available nutrients in soil using the Agilent 4200 MP-AES
Determination of available nutrients in soil using the Agilent 4200 MP-AES Application note Agriculture Author Dharmendra Vummiti Agilent Technologies, India Introduction Multielement testing of soil samples
More informationLutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta
Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016 Lutein Esters from Tagetes Erecta This monograph was also published in: Compendium
More informationNANOVIT CAPSULES. Spirulina fusiformis.200mg Elipta alba 100mg Boerhaavia diffusa. 100mg Bacopu monnieri..100mg
NANOVIT CAPSULES NANOVIT CAPSULES Spirulina fusiformis.200mg Elipta alba 100mg Boerhaavia diffusa. 100mg Bacopu monnieri..100mg Spirulina fusiformis It is a freshwater blue green algae commonly harvested/
More informationAC Cinnamon Liposome Skin Brightening + Natural Skin Lightener + Antioxidant. Tomorrow s Vision Today!
AC Cinnamon Liposome Skin Brightening + Natural Skin Lightener + Antioxidant Tomorrow s Vision Today! AC Cinnamon Liposome Technical Information: Code: 16098 INCI Name: Water & Cinnamomum Cassia Bark Extract
More informationApp Note. Heavy Metal Contamination of Red Pepper Spices and Hot Sauce
Heavy Metal Contamination of Red Pepper Spices and Hot Sauce Introduction The consumption of botanical products has increased over the past two decades as consumers trend to what are perceived to be natural
More informationTest Report No.T JP Date: FEB 24, 2017 Page 1 of 6
Test Report No.T51710190071JP Date: FEB 24, 2017 Page 1 of 6 JIAN PLASTIC & METAL PRODUCTS LTD NO.3-1, SOUTH GAOBU BLVD, GAOBU TOWN, DONGGUAN CITY, GUANGDONG PROVINCE, CHINA,ZIP CODE:523278 The following
More informationUSP <232> and <233> Understanding Your Path to Compliance with the New Elemental Impurity Chapters. Steve Wall Agilent Technologies
USP and Understanding Your Path to Compliance with the New Elemental Impurity Chapters Steve Wall Agilent Technologies Outline, USP - USP Chapter - Chapter Limits -
More informationAnalysis of Micronutrients in Milk by Flame Atomic Absorption Using FAST Flame Sample Automation for Increased Sample Throughput
APPLICATION NOTE Atomic Absorption Author: Nick Spivey PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT Analysis of Micronutrients in Milk by Flame Atomic Absorption Using FAST Flame Sample Automation for Increased Sample
More informationA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS IN MOSQUITO REPELLENT COIL AND CIGARETTE SMOKE
Page462 IJPBS Volume 1 Issue 4 OCT-DEC 2011 462-467 A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS IN MOSQUITO REPELLENT COIL AND CIGARETTE SMOKE Deepak A. Phal 1 ROSS LIFESCIENCE PVT. LTD., Omkar, Survey No
More informationDetection of heavy metals in honey samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
Research Article Open Access Received: November 16, 2017 Accepted: December 22, 2017 Published: December 28, 2017 Detection of heavy metals in honey samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
More informationPOTENTIAL USE OF MOUGEOTIA SP. ALGAE IN FOOD PRODUCTION, BASED ON ITS CAROTENOID CONTENT. Abstract
E. Muntean, et all. Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies, Volume XIII, No.1 (2007), 143-148 Full Paper Natural Food Extract and Additives POTENTIAL USE OF MOUGEOTIA SP. ALGAE IN FOOD PRODUCTION,
More informationAmendment to CRL report (D08/FSQ/CVH/GS/D(2007) 11114) on the dossier EFSA-Q (Panaferd-AX )
EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements Community Reference Laboratory for Feed Additives Amendment to CRL report (D08/FSQ/CVH/GS/D(2007)
More informationANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL CARCINOGENIC CONTAMINANTS IN GRAIN AND VEGETABLES WITH FOCUS ON HEAVY METALS
ANALYSIS OF POTENTIAL CARCINOGENIC CONTAMINANTS IN GRAIN AND VEGETABLES WITH FOCUS ON HEAVY METALS N. Belc, V. Ionescu, M. Ionescu, E. Iorga and G. Mustatea National R&D Institute for Food Bioresources,
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 38
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 38 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on October 4, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for
More informationLeaching Behavior of Coal Combustion Products and the Environmental Implication in Road Construction. Project Progress Report. Jianmin Wang NUTC R201
Leaching Behavior of Coal Combustion Products and the Environmental Implication in Road Construction Project Progress Report by Jianmin Wang NUTC R21 Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the
More informationDetermination of metals in industrial wastewaters by microwave plasmaatomic emission spectrometry
Determination of metals in industrial wastewaters by microwave plasmaatomic emission spectrometry Application note Environmental Author Terrance Hettipathirana Agilent Technologies Melbourne, Australia
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 30
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 30 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on August 14, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 37
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 37 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on October 2, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for
More informationPaper No.: 01. Paper Title: FOOD CHEMISTRY. Module 25: Fat soluble vitamins: Properties, stability and. modes of degradation
Paper No.: 01 Paper Title: FOOD CHEMISTRY Module 25: Fat soluble vitamins: Properties, stability and modes of degradation CHAPTER 25 FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS Properties, Stability & Modes of degradation Vitamins,
More informationNutrition and the Eye
Nutrition and the Eye A booklet provided to explain the importance of nutrition in ocular health Recent media and press coverage will have no doubt brought your attention to the new ideas involving nutrition
More informationCOMMISSION REGULATION (EU)
EN 7.12.2013 Official Journal of the European Union L 328/79 COMMISSION REGULATION (EU) No 1274/2013 of 6 December 2013 amending and correcting Annexes II and III to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 9
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 9 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on March 26, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for week
More informationDRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD
AFDC 04(4961) P3 REV. TZS 1432: 2011 DRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD Refined olive oil and refined olive pomace oil Specification TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS Refined olive oil and refined olive pomace oil Specification
More informationResearch Shows Healthy Living is Longer Living
December 2018 Research Shows Healthy Living is Longer Living Research shows that living a healthy lifestyle can add a Researchers from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health conducted a study of
More informationVitamin A-E Serum HPLC Analysis Kit
Vitamin A-E Serum HPLC Analysis Kit ZV-4013-0200-10 200 2-8 C ZIVAK TEKNOLOJI SANAYI VE TICARET LIMITED SIRKETI Gursel Mh. Eski Besiktas Cd. No:44/1-2 KAGITHANE-ISTANBUL-TURKEY www.zivak.com info@zivak.com
More informationPharmacopeial Perspectives on Vitamin Analysis
International Vitamin Conference May 15, 2014- Washington DC Pharmacopeial Perspectives on Vitamin Analysis Gabriel I. Giancaspro, Ph.D. Vice President, Foods, Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicines
More informationToxicology Extraction of Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in Blood, Urine and Other Fluids
Name of Procedure: Toxicology Extraction of Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in Blood, Urine and Other Fluids Suggested Uses: This is an extraction procedure for Gamma Hydroxybutyric Acid (GHB) in blood,
More informationTargeted Health Regimen Every Targeted Health Regimen builds upon the Foundations of Optimal Health Regimen. Vision Health Regimen
Targeted Health Regimen Every Targeted Health Regimen builds upon the Foundations of Optimal Health Regimen. Vision Health Regimen Declining vision is a result of the normal aging process. Why should we
More informationCharacterization and classification of tea herbs based on their metal content
Acta Universitatis Sapientiae Agriculture and Environment, 1 (2009) 11-19 Characterization and classification of tea herbs based on their metal content László KÉKEDY-NAGY 1, Artúr IONESCU 2 1 Babe -Bolyai
More informationPAPRIKA EXTRACT SYNONYMS DEFINITION DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL USES CHARACTERISTICS
PAPRIKA EXTRACT Prepared at the 77 th JECFA, published in FAO JECFA Monographs 14 (2013), superseding tentative specifications prepared at the 69 th JECFA (2008). An ADI of 0-1.5 mg/kg bw was allocated
More informationNutrition & Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Nutrition & Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a serious and currently untreatable disease that is the leading cause of acquired blindness among aging Americans.
More informationCardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular Health Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations
More informationGeneral Health. NOTE: PURE Products should be taken at least 1 hour before or after prescription medications.
General Health Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations into your
More informationDRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD
AFDC 04(4960) P3 REV. TZS 1431: 2011 DRAFT TANZANIA STANDARD Refined edible rapeseed (canola) oil Specification TANZANIA BUREAU OF STANDARDS Refined edible rapeseed (canola) oil Specification 0 Forewords
More informationGUIDANCE FOR THE ACCREDITATION OF GENERIC METHODS & METHODS OF FLEXIBLE SCOPE OF DETERMINATION OF METALS IN FOODS
GUIDANCE FOR THE ACCREDITATION OF GENERIC METHODS & METHODS OF FLEXIBLE SCOPE OF DETERMINATION OF METALS IN FOODS ESYD G-METALS/01/01/20-10-2016 1/6 ESYD G-METALS Issue: 01 Revision: 01 Issue Date: 24-10-2008
More informationUS EPA SW-846 Method 6010D using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo
APPLICATION NOTE 43152 US EPA SW-846 Method 6010D using the Thermo Scientific icap 7400 ICP-OES Duo Authors James Hannan, Application Specialist, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hemel Hempstead, UK Keywords
More informationNational Standard of the People s Republic of China. National food safety standard. Determination of pantothenic acid in foods for infants and
National Standard of the People s Republic of China GB 5413.17 2010 National food safety standard Determination of pantothenic acid in foods for infants and young children, milk and milk products Issued
More informationDetermination of Tetracyclines in Chicken by Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Determination of Tetracyclines in Chicken by Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Application ote Food Safety Authors Chen-Hao Zhai and Yun Zou Agilent Technologies Co. Ltd.
More informationAntioxidants & Detoxification
Antioxidants & Detoxification How Antioxidants Help the Body Cleanse and How Supplementation Plays a Role in this Process Canada Antioxidants & Detoxification: What We ll Discuss TOXINS AND THE IMPORTANCE
More informationLeaving Certificate Notes
Leaving Certificate Notes VITAMINS Sources of vitamins Functions of vitamins Effects of vitamin deficiencies Recommended dietary allowances (RDA s) Properties of all the FAT-SOLUBLE & WATER-SOLUBLE vitamins
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 17
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 17 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on May 16, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for week
More informationSafety Assessment of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-rich oil from Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Safety Assessment of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-rich oil from Phaeodactylum tricornutum Name of Applicant: Simris Alg AB, Hammenhög, Sweden Contact person(s): Rhodri Evans, Exponent International Ltd.
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 12
Bottom Ash Data 2019 Week 12 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on April 11, 2019. The data represents bottom ash composite results for
More informationApplication note. Determination of metals in soil by microwave plasma - atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) using DTPA extraction.
Determination of metals in soil by microwave plasma - atomic emission spectrometry (MP-AES) using DTPA extraction Application note Agriculture Authors Marília S. Teodoro1, Daniela Schiavo2, Mônica Ferreira
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 49
Bottom Ash Data 2018 Week 49 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on December 20, 2018. The data represents bottom ash composite results for
More informationTRACE ELEMENTS IN SERUM
TRACE ELEMENTS IN SERUM Proficiency Test Report Event #, 0 March th, 0 Event #, 0 Serum Aluminum The test materials for serum Al were prepared from human serum obtained from Tennessee Blood Services,
More informationDetect, remove and re-use: a new paradigm in sensing and removal of Hg (II) from wastewater via SERS-active ZnO/Ag nano-arrays
Supporting Information 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Detect, remove and re-use: a new paradigm in sensing and removal of Hg (II) from wastewater via SERS-active ZnO/Ag nano-arrays
More informationAnalysis of Isoflavones with the PerkinElmer Flexar FX-15 UHPLC System Equipped with a PDA Detector
application Note UHPLC Author Njies Pedjie PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT 06484 USA Analysis of Isoflavones with the PerkinElmer Flexar FX-15 UHPLC System Equipped with a PDA Detector Introduction Foods
More informationTest Report No.: T TY Date: DEC 19, 2018 Page 1 of 10
Test Report No.: T51810301178TY Date: DEC 19, 2018 Page 1 of 10 GUANGDONG XINYU TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. LAIMEI INDUSTRIAL ZONE, CHENGHAI DISTRICT, SHANTOU, GUANGDONG The following samples were
More informationEXPERIMENT 4 DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, TOTAL REDUCING SUGARS, SUCROSE AND STARCH
Practical Manual Food Chemistry and Physiology EXPERIMENT 4 DETERMINATION OF REDUCING SUGARS, TOTAL REDUCING SUGARS, SUCROSE AND STARCH Structure 4.1 Introduction Objectives 4.2 Experiment 4a: Reducing
More informationTest Report No.: GZHL IP Date: Sep 01, 2016 Page 1 of 12
Test Report No.: GZHL1604014433IP Date: Sep 01, 2016 Page 1 of 12 DAILI DND GLOBAL CO., LTD. NO.5 ALY.3, IN.79, XINXING ST., YONGKANG DIST., TAINAN CITY 71C, TAIWAN (R.O.C) The following sample(s) was/were
More informationTest Report No.: T TY Date: DEC 19, 2018 Page 1 of 12
Test Report No.: T51810301175TY Date: DEC 19, 2018 Page 1 of 12 GUANGDONG XINYU TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL CO., LTD. LAIMEI INDUSTRIAL ZONE, CHENGHAI DISTRICT, SHANTOU, GUANGDONG The results of this report
More informationMeasuring Lipid Composition LC-MS/MS
Project: Measuring Lipid Composition LC-MS/MS Verification of expected lipid composition in nanomedical controlled release systems by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry AUTHORED BY: DATE: Sven
More informationTOXIC AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
TOXIC AND ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS Assessment of Key Minerals and Harmful Metals Whole Blood, Red Blood Cell and Serum Elements Urine Toxic and Essential Elements Creatinine Clearance Hair Elements Fecal Metals
More informationAnalysis of Milk for Major and Trace Elements by ICP-MS
APPLICATION NOTE ICP - Mass Spectrometry Author: Inorganic Applications Team PerkinElmer, Inc. Analysis of Milk for Major and Trace Elements by ICP-MS Introduction Milk is a widely consumed food product
More informationMood & Balance. v ALL Core and Daily Basics Products are recommended for general health purposes.
Mood & Balance Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations into your
More informationSTANDARD METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN FOOD OF ANIMAL ORIGIN
EN 13804 Performance criteria, general considerations and sample preparation 2013 EN 13805 Pressure digestion 2014 EN 13806 Determination of mercury by cold-vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS)
More informationIn USA, NASA have chosen to use it for astronauts food in space, and even plan to grow and harvest it in space stations in the near future.
What is Spirulina? Spirulina is 100% natural and a highly nutritious micro salt water plant. It was discovered in South American and Africa in natural alkaline lakes. This spiral shaped algae is a rich
More informationResidue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016.
Residue Monograph prepared by the meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), 82 nd meeting 2016 Aspartame This monograph was also published in: Compendium of Food Additive
More informationAn Investigative Study of Reactions Involving Glucosinolates and Isothiocyanates
An Investigative Study of Reactions Involving Glucosinolates and Isothiocyanates Alzea Chrisel H. Alea 1, Diane Elaine T. Co 2 and Marissa G Noel 3* 1,2,3Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401
More informationBottom Ash Data Week 8
Bottom Ash Data 2019 Week 8 The following analytical report was sent to the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy on March 6, 2019. The data represents bottom ash composite results for week
More informationSpeciation Analysis and Removal of Heavy Metals Zn, Cu, Cd from Sludge by Organic Acid
5th International Conference on Advanced Design and Manufacturing Engineering (ICADME 2015) Speciation Analysis and Removal of Heavy Metals Zn, Cu, Cd from Sludge by Organic Acid S.W. SONG 1*, L. WANG
More informationV. LAB REPORT. PART I. ICP-AES (section IVA)
CH 461 & CH 461H 20 V. LAB REPORT The lab report should include an abstract and responses to the following items. All materials should be submitted by each individual, not one copy for the group. The goal
More informationTrans Fat Determination in the Industrially Processed Edible Oils By Transmission FT-IR Spectroscopy By
Trans Fat Determination in the Industrially Processed Edible Oils By Transmission FT-IR Spectroscopy By Dr. Syed Tufail Hussain Sherazi E-mail: tufail_sherazi@yahoo.com National Center of Excellence in
More informationMemory Support. NOTE: PURE Products should be taken at least 1 hour before or after prescription medications.
Memory Support Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations into your
More informationTHE PRESENCE OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN EDIBLE MUSHROOMS PACKAGED FOR COMMERCIALIZATION
Scientific Bulletin. Series F. Biotechnologies, Vol. XIX, 2015 ISSN 2285-1364, CD-ROM ISSN 2285-5521, ISSN Online 2285-1372, ISSN-L 2285-1364 THE PRESENCE OF SOME HEAVY METALS IN EDIBLE MUSHROOMS PACKAGED
More informationGeneral Health. NOTE: PURE Products should be taken at least 1 hour before or after prescription medications.
General Health Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations into your
More informationNORTHERN CORRIDORSTANDARD NC 4:2018. Roasted Macadamia Specification
NORTHERN CORRIDORSTANDARD NC 4:2018 Roasted Macadamia Specification Roasted macadamia Specification 1 Scope This Northern corridor Standard specifies the requirements, methods of sampling and testing for
More informationPrunes from California
Prunes from California Nutrition & Health www.californiaprunes.co.uk California Prunes Prunes are the only natural, whole fruit to achieve an authorised health claim in Europe: Eating 10 California Prunes
More informationA significant dietary source of lead to Nunavik Inuit: Ptarmigan hunting
A significant dietary source of lead to Nunavik Inuit: Ptarmigan hunting Michael K. H. Kwan, Ph.D. Toxicologist Nunavik Research Centre, Kuujjuaq, Quebec March 2018 Abstract Lead concentration in ptarmigans
More informationEstimation Of Copper, Zinc And Lead In Choornas By Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Krishna veni N 1 *, Meyyanathan S N 1 and Suresh B 2
ISSN-2249-5746 International Journal Of Ayurvedic And Herbal Medicine 2:1 (2012) 176:179 Journal Homepage http://interscience.org.uk/index.php/ijahm Estimation Of Copper, Zinc And Lead In Choornas By Flame
More informationSummary and Conclusion
Chapter 7 7.1. Summary 7.2. Conclusion 100 7.1. Summary Evaluation of anti-aging efficacy of herbal drugs has become one of the major concerns with tremendous increase in the application of traditional
More informationWill an apple a day keep the doctor away?
Will an apple a day keep the doctor away? It's one of the most recognizable expressions around: "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." But besides the fact that it rhymes, which makes it fun to say and
More informationRoutine Analysis of Fortified Foods using the Agilent 7800 ICP-MS
Application Note Trace metals in food Routine Analysis of Fortified Foods using the Agilent 7800 ICP-MS Simple and robust quantitative analysis of 28 elements in food digests using helium mode Author Shuofei
More informationMemory Support. NOTE: PURE Products should be taken at least 1 hour before or after prescription medications.
Memory Support Below are recommendations to help your body achieve and maintain optimal health. Please seek the advice of a qualified medical professional before introducing any recommendations into your
More information