Fusarium vs. Soybean

Transcription

1 Fusarium vs. Soyban Gnsata, a company which proucs soyban s for commrcial sal in Nbraska, is rsponing to th migration of Sun Dath Synrom (SDS) into Nbraska soyban fils. An infstation of SDS is far which coul prov isastrous for th crop inustry. Whil yil losss vary throughout a fil, it is not uncommon to s 20 to 60% yil loss in a fil; loss of up to 100% has bn sn in isolat aras. Th company is rsponing to customrs concrns by incrasing th rsarch an vlopmnt bugt to prouc a varity that is rsistant to SDS. SDS is caus by a soil born fungi Fusarium virguliform. SDS was first iscovr in Arkansas in 1971 an has slowly bn xpaning its rach. Farmrs gnrally on t notic symptoms until aftr th bginning of flowring. Thy also notic mor loss in aras whr th soil is wt. Economic impact o Avrag soybans yil in NE in 2011: 41.8 bushls/acr o Avrag yil loss u to SDS: 40% o Avrag acrs soybans plant in NE, 2012: 5.05 million acrs o Estimat numbr of fils ffct in IA, 2011: 50% o Pric pr bushl of soybans, 2012: $12.60 Biological caus o SDS is caus by th soilborn fungus Fusarium solani f. sp. glycins, synonym: Fusarium virguliform. Environmntal factors o SDS is most svr whn soyban is plant arly into cool, wt soils an whn havy misummr rains saturat th soil. Symptoms Early symptoms: iffus chlorotic mottling, crinkling of th lavs (Figur 1). Latr symptoms: laf tissu btwn th major vins turns yllow, thn is an turns brown, laflts i an shrivl. Diagnosis o Roots will gav a blu coloration on th roots. Whn split, th lowr stm an taproot of a plant infct with SDS will xhibit a slightly tan to light brown iscoloration compar to a halthy plant. Th pith will rmain whit or slightly cram-color (Figur 2). Figur 1 Figur 2

2 Biotchnology Tam Activity Chaptr Nam Tam Mmbrs Your tam is a group of plant brrs trying to mak avancmnts in a soyban varity rsistant to Sun Dath Synrom (SDS). Us th information provi, an your knowlg of plant bring, to xplain your plan for bring a varity of soybans with rsistanc to SDS. 1. Goal Th migration of SDS into stats surrouning Nbraska has crat a markt for a SDS rsistant varity of soybans. Your tam will crat a plan for crating a soyban parnt lin that is rsistant to SDS an is an improvmnt of Gnsata 315. In aition to SDS rsistanc, it is also important that th varity hav a light s coat. 2. Starting Point Th brr has thr varitis of soybans as shown blow. Gnsata 315 is th bst-slling varity in Nbraska bst-slling bcaus it has provn to yil wll in Nbraska fils. AR11 SDS/SCN an AR10SDS ar grmplasm lins (varitis that farmrs o not grow but hav important gns which th brrs wish to utiliz). Rmmbr th F1 s is plant an it slf-pollinats; th F2 s is plant an it slfpollinats, tc. Short plants woul b prfrr, as it liminats th n for progny tsting. Soyban Grmplasm Sourcs Tabl: LINE S Coat EE an E ark light Growth Habit DD an D tall short SDS Rsistanc RR an Rr partial rsistanc rr suscptibl AR11SDS/SCN (EERR) EE RR AR10SDS (DDRR) DD RR Gnsata 315 (rr) rr Your tam will ci which of ths lins you will us to start your bring plan. Contst rquirmnts: 3. Multi- Gnration Bring Plan Outlin on th sht th first thr gnrations of your bring plan. Start with th two parnts you slct, bas on your goal, an us th iagrams to prict how th parnt gns will b pass on to thir offspring in ach gnration. Inicat th final gnotyp you want to slct. Intify th two routs for trmining whthr w hav tru bring homozygots slcting plants that hav th final slct homozygots gnotyp you ar looking for? 4. Gntic Enginring Plan Traitional plant bring is not working but a rsistanc to th fungus which causs SDS has bn foun in anothr organism. List th stps to crat a gntically nginr plant.

3 3. Bring Plan (parnt to F2 or F3 gnration) Parnt Gnration: Cross X F1 Gnration F1 to F2 Gnration: Cross X F2 to F3 Gnration: Slct F2: Intify 2 ways to intify tru bring homozygots:

4 Parnt Gnration: Cross DDRR X rr F1 Gnration D D R R r Rr Rr D D D D r Rr Rf F1 to F2 Gnration: Cross DRr X DRr D R R D D DD D R RR RR D D r Rr Rr F2 to F3 Gnration: Slct F2: RR Intify 2 ways to intify tru bring homozygots: 1. Slf pollinat F3s to slct homozygous rows 2. DNEA tst for DD an RR

5 4. Futur Gntic Enginring Plan - KEY Stp 1 Extract DNA from organism with SDS rsistanc Stp 5 Br soybans Clon SDS rsistanc gn Stp 2 Stp 4 Insrt SDS rsistanc gn into soyban clls Stp3 Moify SDS rsistanc gn

6 4. Futur Gntic Enginring Plan Stp 1 Stp 5 Stp 2 Stp 4 Stp3