Unit 3 Lesson 5 How Do Our Bodies Digest Food, Remove Wastes, and Send Messages? Copyright Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

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1 Unit 3 Lesson 5 How Do Our Bodies Digest Food, Remove Wastes, and Send Messages?

2 How do our bodies digest food, remove wastes and send messages?

3 Let s think together? Why do we need food? How could food reach all our body parts? What system is responsible for that process? This system is made up of a group of.

4 What Goes In... Food travels through your body until all the useful parts are absorbed. Food travels down the esophagus, a long tube that begins in the throat. The stomach is a muscular bag that mashes food into a liquid and mixes it with digestive juices. The food then passes to the small intestine.

5 What Goes In... The small intestine is a long coiled tube that digests food and absorbs nutrients. In the large intestine, water and minerals are soaked up, leaving only waste. Solid waste passes out of your body.

6 What Goes In... Identify the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine in the image below.

8 Exit slips: Q1- Q2-

9 Exit slips: Q3- Q4-

10 Q5 :

11 What Goes In... The liver makes bile that helps break large blobs of fat into tiny droplets so the fats can be broken down more easily. The pancreas makes juices that are released into the small intestine to break down fats and proteins to be absorbed by the body. The gallbladder stores bile from the liver and sends it to the small intestine only when food passes through.

12 Food for Thought Nutrition information on a package label can help you make healthy food choices. The number of servings, calories, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and nutrients and their daily recommended amounts are listed on the label. Calories are a way to measure how much energy your body will get from food.

13 ...Must Come Out The excretory system rids the body of waste and keeps water and salt levels in balance. When nutrients are broken down, waste products are made. The liver converts ammonia, which is very toxic, to urea, which is less toxic. Your body releases this as urine.

14 What are the parts of the EXCRETORY SYTSEM? 1-The lungs: The lungs are part of the excretory system. Your body produces carbon dioxide as a waste.(after food is burned) Carbon dioxide is released by your lungs when you breathe out. (exhale)

15 2- The skin: The skin helps you get rid of the excess salts and water in sweat.

16 3- The Urinary system: The urinary system filters the blood and rids the body of wastes as urine. The urinary system is formed of: -Kidneys - ureters - bladder - urethra

17 The kidneys are organs that remove (filter) waste from the blood and help to conserve water and keep the amount of salt in the blood balanced. Urine collects in tubes called ureters that move the urine to the bladder. The bladder stores urine until is released. The urethra is a small tube that moves urine from the bladder to outside of the body.

18 Q6: CW 1 Word bank: Bladder- ureters urethra - kidneys

19 Q7: CW 1

20 Q: Q1 CW:2

21 Chemical Messages Hormones are chemicals that carry messages through the body that result in growth and different changes. Groups of cells called glands produce hormones. Glands and hormones make up the endocrine system.

22 The pituitary gland, located underneath the brain, produces hormones that tell other glands what to do. It also releases growth hormones.( Master gland) The thyroid produces a hormone that goes up when you need energy and goes down when you have enough energy.

23 Q3: CW 2

) The pancreas produces a hormone that controls sugar in your blood.

24 The adrenal gland, located above each kidney, produces a hormone called adrenalin that helps the body to defend itself. (How?) The pancreas produces a hormone that controls sugar in your blood. When the amount of sugar is high, the hormone insulin is released. When your blood sugar is low, the pancreas stops releasing insulin.

25 Q4: CW 2

26 Q2 CW 2 body prepares to defend itself. Body grows. Body use of energy

27 Q5 CW 2 Large intestine Esophagus Stomach Gland Digestive Bladder Pancreas Liver Urinary Kidney Thyroid Endocrine

Nerves and Digestion. Chapter 6, Lesson 3

Nerves and Digestion. Chapter 6, Lesson 3 Nerves and Digestion Chapter 6, Lesson 3 Do Now. In your own words (without the book), answer the following questions. 1. What is the nervous system? 2. What are the cells called that make up the nervous