Biology EOC Review. Saturday Session

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1 Biology EOC Review Saturday Session

2 Cells DNA Ribosome Cytoplasm Cell Membrane Prokaryote Eukaryote Prokaryotic Bacteria Flagellum Cell Membrane (Plasma) Cell Wall

3 Eukaryotic Animal Mitochondria Ribosome Nucleus Cell Membrane Eukaryotic Cell Wall Chloroplast Plant Nucleus Central Vacuole Mitochondria Chloroplast Cell Wall

4 Nucleus Cell Membrane Cell Wall Mitochondria Vacuole Chloroplast Ribosome

5 Oral Groove Cilia Contractile Vacuole Pseudopodia Food Vacuole Eyespot Flagellum

6 Occular lens X Objective lens e Electron microscope has a higher magnification power

7 structure Function D E A C F B paramecium muscle nerve sperm Red blood cell Vascular tissue specialized Identical Specialization = differentiation

8 Area Mitochondria Small Intestines Surface Organ Cells Organ System Organism Tissue

9 Homeostasis High Low Sweat evaporating from the skin releases heat and cools the body Cell Membrane aka Plasma Membrane Proteins Carbohydrates

10 Passive Equal Active Osmosis contractile vacuole Diffusion Pump Facilitated Diffusion Passive Active Passive Exocytosis Active

11 swelling Staying the same Cells shrink The water moved into the hypertonic solution. Pure H 2 O Distilled H 2 O Hypotonic Isotonic Solution Salt H 2 O Hypertonic The solute was too large to move across the membrane. Plants cells have a cell wall and therefore do not rupture Isotonic solution Hypotonic solution

12 Binary Fission Budding

13 Cancer gametes

14 Stem B E C A F D Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

15 gametes variation Somatic (Body Cells) Asexual limits 2 Skin, muscle, bone, nerve (46 chromosomes) Ovaries & Testes Sexual Increases variation 4 Egg or sperm 23 chromosomes

16

17 DNA nucleotides RNA Deoxyribose G, C, A & T Billions of bases (like a giant cookbook) Ribose G, C, A & U mrna, trna, rrna Thousands of bases (like a single recipe)

18 double helix complementary a weak nucleotide

19 divide (reproduce) nucleus Original strands New strands

20 ribosome amino acids peptide folded A strand of mrna DNA & mrna Nucleus a chain of amino acids mrna, trna & rrna Ribosome (in the cytoplasm) Transcription Translation folding A trait

21 mrna AUG CGA UUC UGA Met - Arg - Phen - STOP

22 UV Rays from the sun

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24

25

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35 Are these clones?

36 Are these clones?

37 Are these clones?

38 Change Environment

39 Genetic Exponentially Variation Limited Competition Environments Fittest Speciation

40 Simple Complex Eukaryotic

41 Proteins Fewer DNA DNA (Genes) Antibiotics Genetic

42 Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Plantae Genus Animalia species Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class Passer

43 Protista Fungi Plantae Animalia Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Chitin Heterotroph Cellulose Autotroph Heterotroph

44 Gibbons Roundworms Protists

45 Spotted Salamander Ambystoma maculatum Smaller Slimy Salamander

46 Amino Acids RNA

47 Monosaccharides Fatty acids Glycerol Glucose Glycogen Starch Cellulose Fats, Steroids Phospholipids Benedicts Sugar Blue Orange Iodine Starch Brown purplish-black Brown bag Translucent spot

48 Amino acids Insulin Hemoglobin Enzymes Biuret Blue Purple Nucleotides DNA RNA

49 Lipid (triglyceride) Protein (amino acid chain) Carbohydrate Nucleic Acid (nucleotide)

50

51

52 To break down sucrose into fructose & glucose Sucrose and water Fructose & Glucose No, the enzyme doesn t change so it will continue to break down the substrate.

53 Temperature ph Buffer has a specific job/function & substrate. No, the enzyme

54 Energy ADP di removed (break bond) Phosphate ADP

55 Mitochondria All Eukaryotes Chloroplast Plants, algae, some Bacteria Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) + Oxygen (O 2 ) ATP + Water (H 2 O) + Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Light + Water (H 2 O) + Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) Glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) + Oxygen (O 2 )

56 Oxygen (O 2 ) Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) PHOTOSYNTHESIS Anaerobic RESPIRATION (Fermentation)

57 Oxygen Alcohol CO 2 burn Aerobic It produces more ATP and doesn t cause lactic acid to build up.

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