Roughage Type & Level & Grain Processing Interactions with Distiller s s Grains Diets. Matt May High Plains Bio Fuels Co-Product Nutrition Conference

Transcription

1 Roughge Type & Level & Grin Processing Interctions with Distiller s s Grins Diets Mtt My High Plins Bio Fuels Co-Product Nutrition Conference

2 Why do we flke grin? Stem-flked corn (SFC) vs. dry-rolled rolled corn (DRC) Decrese or no chnge in DMI 12% decrese Increse or no chnge in ADG Improve feed efficiency 12 to 16% In $4/u corn mrket, flking hs net vlue of pproximtely $40/niml fed Owens et l., 1997

3 Ethnol Production Distiller s s grins hve een used extensively in the U.S. Corn Belt Dry-rolled rolled corn, high-moisture corn Production of fuel ethnol is expnding into the High-Plins Stem-flked corn

4 Plnts in Production (115) Plnts Under Construction (79) Renewle Fuels Assocition: As of 4/3/07

5 Composition of Energy Source Item, % Corn DDG Corn Dry Mtter Crude Protein Crude Ft Crude Fier ADF NDF Clcium Phosphorus Sulfur R. L. Preston

6 Titrtion of Corn WDG in DRC 26 Diets DMI 24 l Liner (P<0.01) Wet Distiller's Grins, % Lrson et. l., 1993

7 Titrtion of Corn WDG in DRC 7 Diets F:G l 6 5 Liner (P<0.01) Qudrtic (P<0.05) Wet Distiller's Grins, % Lrson et. l., 1993

8 Optimizing the Use of Sorghum Wet Distiller s s Grins in Diets Comprised of Dry-rolled rolled Corn or Stem-flked Corn

9 Ojective Determine optimum level of sorghum wet distiller s s grins with solules (WDG) in diets comprised of SFC or DRC To compre performnce nd crcss chrcteristics of cttle fed DRC nd SFC diets contining WDG

10 Experimentl Diets Dry-rolled corn Wet distiller s grins Stem-flked corn Wet distiller s grins Item, % DM Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn Alflf hy Wet distiller s s grins Corn steep liquor Supplement Nutrients formulted Crude protein Clcium Phosphorus Formulted to provide 300 mg Rumensin,, 90 mg Tyln,, nd 0.5 mg MGA per heifer dily

11 Growth Performnce Dry-rolled corn Wet distiller s s grins Stem-flked corn Wet distiller s s grins P-Vlues Item SEM WDG G WDG*G No. pens No. steers Initil BW, l Finl BW, l DMI, l * - ** ADG, l/d ** ** F:G * - 1 Clculted using crcss djusted weights, using hot crcss weight nd dividing y common dressing percent of 63.5 % * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.10

12 Crcss Chrcteristics Dry-rolled corn Stem-flked corn Wet distiller s grins Wet distiller s grins P-Vlues Item SEM WDG WDG*G HCW, ls ** Dressing percent LM re, in KPH ft, % th ri ft, in USDA yield grde Choice % Select % Mrling score¹ ** - Liver scess, % Mrling score 300 = Trces **P-vlue < 0.10

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14 Implictions WDG hs greter vlue in finishing diets contining DRC thn in SFC diets Improving ADG, feed efficiency, nd crcss weight Adding WDG to SFC Decresed DMI, ADG, F:G, nd HCW

15 Dry Distiller s s Grins with Solules in Stem-flked or Dry- rolled Corn Diets with Reduced Roughge Levels

16 Ojective To evlute performnce nd crcss chrcteristics of cttle fed corn dry distiller s s grins with solules (DDG) s prtil replcement for SFC or DRC

17 Ojective To determine if dietry roughge levels cn e reduced when DDG re dded to the diet

18 Experimentl Diets Tril 1 Item, % dry mtter Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS Stem-flked corn Corn silge DDGS Soyen mel Ure Limestone Supplement Nutrients Crude protein Clcium Phosphorus Formulted to provide 300 mg Rumensin,, 90 mg Tyln,, nd 0.5 mg MGA per heifer dily

19 Growth Performnce Tril 1 Item Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM No. of pens (heifers) 8 (127) 8 (124) 8 (126) - Dys on feed Initil weight, l Finl weight, l Dry mtter intke, l Averge dily gin, l F:G Crcss djusted; 63.5 Dressing percent, Rows with uncommon superscripts differ (P = 0.05)

20 Item Crcss Chrcteristics Tril 1 Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM Hot crcss weight, l Dressing percent Mrling score Kidney pelvic hert ft, % Bck ft over 12 ri, in LM re, squre in Liver scess, % 1.62 c d Mrling Score 500 = Smll, Rows with uncommon superscripts differ (P = 0.05) c,d Rows with uncommon superscripts differ (P = 0.10)

21 Item Qulity Grde Tril 1 Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM Prime, % Choice, % Upper 2/3, % Select, %

22 Yield Grde Tril 1 Item Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM USDA yield grde Clculted yield grde 2.67 c 2.90 d Yield grde 1, % Yield grde 2, % Yield grde 3, % Yield grde 4 & 5, % 5.6 c 14.1 d 11.1 d 3.13 c,d Rows with uncommon superscripts differ (P = 0.10)

23 Conclusions Tril 1 Adding 25% DDG to flked grin rtions yielded performnce nd crcss trits tht were comprle to controls Tendency for greter ftness with DDG Reducing roughge decresed DMI Tendency to increse liver scess rtes Non-significnt improvement in efficiency

24 Experimentl Diets Tril 2 Item, % dry mtter Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn Corn silge DDG Soyen mel Ure Limestone Vegetle oil Supplement Formulted to provide 300 mg Rumensin, 90 mg Tyln, nd 0.5 mg MGA per heifer dily

25 Growth Performnce Tril 2 Item Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM No. of pens (heifers) 4 (93) 4 (95) 4 (94) 4 (94) 4 (91) 4 (94) - Dys on feed Initil weight, l Finl weight, l Dry mtter intke, l c Averge dily gin, l F:G 1c Crcss djusted; 63.5 Dressing percent Men of DRC diets vs. men of SFC diets; (P < 0.01) Men of 25% DDG nd 15% CS diets vs. men of 25% DDG nd 5% CS diets; ; (P 0.02) c Men of 0% DDG nd 15% CS diets vs. men of 25% DDG nd 5% CS diets; (P < 0.01)

26 Crcss Chrcteristics Tril 2 Item Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM Hot crcss weight, l Dressing percent Mrling score Kidney pelvic hert ft, % Bck ft over 12 ri, in LM re, squre in Liver scess, % Mrling score; 500 = Smll Men of 0% DDG nd 15% CS diets vs. men of 25% DDG nd 15% CS diets; ; (P = 0.04) Men of 25% DDG nd 15% CS diets vs. men of 25% DDG nd 5% CS diets; ; (P < 0.01) c Men of 0% DDG nd 15% CS diets vs. men of 25% DDG nd 5% CS diets; (P < 0.01)

27 Qulity Grde Tril 2 Item Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM Prime, % Choice, % Upper 2/3, % Select, %

28 Yield Grde Tril 2 Item Dry-rolled rolled corn Stem-flked corn 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG 25% DDG 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS 15% CS 15% CS 5% CS SEM USDA yield grde Clculted yield grde Yield grde 1, % Yield grde 2, % Yield grde 3, % Yield grde 4, % Yield grde 5, % Men of DRC diets vs. men of SFC diets; (P < 0.05)

29 Conclusions Tril 2 No significnt interctions etween grin source nd DDG Contrry to previous study, there were no deleterious effects of distiller s grins on performnce, or yield grde Performnce cn e improved with DDG diets y reducing roughge levels

30 Implictions When corn silge is used s the roughge source DDG is n effective replcement for SFC or DRC DDG cn replce portion of the roughge in diet with no deleterious effects on niml performnce

31 Why so different? Dry-rolled rolled nd Stem-flked corn responses to distiller s s grins Effect of incresed roughge levels nd type? Modultion of ruminl ph

32 Effect of Dry-Rolled or Stem-Flked Corn Finishing Diets with or without Distiller s s Dried Grins on Ruminl Fermenttion nd Apprent Totl Trct Digestion

33 Ojective The ojective of the study ws to evlute the digestiility of DDG in diets comprised of SFC or DRC

34 Mterils nd Methods 16 Holstein Steers (991 l) Ruminl cnnul Dosed with 200 mg Chromic Oxide Indigestile mrker 2 Smple periods 12 d dpttion period 3 d smple, 6 hour intervls 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22 h Fed once dily (8 m) Ad liitum

35 Experimentl Diets Dry-rolled corn Stem-flked corn Item, % DM 0% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG Stem-flked corn Dry-rolled corn Corn silge DDGS Vegetle oil Soyen mel Ure Limestone Supplement Minerls nd vitmins, % formulted to provide 1200 IU Vitmin A, 0.15 mg Co, 10 mg Cu, 0.5 mg I, 50 mg Mn nd 50 mg Zn per kg dry mtter. Feed dditive premix provided 200 mg monensin, nd 90 mg tylosin per niml dily in ground corn crrier.

36 Diet Composition Dry-rolled corn Stem-flked corn Item, % DM 0% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG Ether extrct Strch NDF Orgnic mtter

37 Apprent Totl Trct Digestion, % Dry-rolled corn Stem-flked corn Item 0% DDG 25% DDG 0% DDG 25% DDG SEM DM* OM* Strch* NDF* Ether extrct* *Grin processing effect (P < 0.01) Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.01)

38 Ruminl ph ph c c c c DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG * * Time, Hours *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05) Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.05) Grin processing y distiller s grins interction (P < 0.05),,c Within hour differ (P < 0.05)

39 Ruminl Lctte Concentrtion, mm DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG * 4* 6* 8* 10* 12* 14* 16* *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05) Time, Hours Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.05) Grin processing y distiller s grins interction (P < 0.05), Within hour differ (P < 0.05)

40 70 Ruminl Acette 60 Concentrtion, mm DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG 0 * * 16 * 18 * 20* 22* 24 *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05) Time, Hours Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.05),,c Within hour differ (P < 0.05) c c c c

41 Ruminl Propionte Concentrtion, mm DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG * 6 * 8 * 10 * 12 * 14 * 16 * *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05) Time, Hours Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.05), Within hour differ (P < 0.05)

42 3.00 A:P Rtio DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG 0 * 2 * 4 * 6* 8 * 10* 12 * 14 * 16 * 18* 20 * 22* 24 Time, Hours *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05),,c Within hour differ (P < 0.05) c c c c

43 Concentrtion, mm Rumen Ammoni DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG 0 * 2 4 6* 8 10 * 12 * 14 * 16* 18 * 20* 22* 24 *Grin processing effect (P < 0.05) Time, Hours Dry distiller s grins effect (P < 0.05) Grin processing y distiller s grins interction (P < 0.05),,c Within hour differ (P < 0.05) c c c c

44 Concentrtion, mm Rumen Ammoni DRC CON DRC DDG SFC CON SFC DDG Time, Hours Stter nd Slyter (1974)

45 Implictions Rumen mmoni concentrtion my e deficient when dding DDG to SFC Fier digestion when dding DDG ppers to e different etween DRC nd SFC Increses in lctte when feeding DDG my e prolemtic When feeding DDG in SFC diets decreses in ruminl ph my cuse prolems

46 Seminr Implictions When dding distiller s s grins to diets cttle performnce is more responsive in DRC diets Roughge source s well s level is importnt when formulting diets contining distiller s grins DIP possile limiting in SFC diet contining DDG Ruminl lctte is incresed when feed DDG

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