Use of Deoiled DDGS in Poultry. S. L. Noll, Ph.D. Professor and Poultry Extension Specialist
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1 Use of Deoiled DDGS in Poultry S. L. Noll, Ph.D. Professor and Poultry Extension Specialist
2 Corn DDGs in poultry diets Initially lack of information on cddgs restricted dietary use Use increased as information increased (Purdum, 2013) Broilers: 3-5% Layers: 7-15% Turkeys: 5-7%
3 CDDGs in poultry diets Replaces in the diet: Corn (energy) SBM (protein) Use - economic decision based on cost of other ingredients and DDGS nutrient composition Corn, SBM, supplemental fat, supplemental lysine, phosphorus supplements DDGS - energy, digestible lysine, phosphorus
4 Diet energy for poultry Measured as metabolizable energy Gross energy energy lost via excreta and urine Two methods of determination True Metabolizable Energy (TMEn) Precision feeding of a small amount of ingredient after fasting followed by excreta collection for 48 hrs Another set of fasted birds endogenous secretions Apparent Metabolizable Energy (AMEn) Ingredient incorporated into a diet 5 day acclimation; 2-3 day excreta collection
5 ME of Conventional DDGS (kcal/kg) (as fed) Source AMEn TMEn Conventional NRC, Feedstuffs, Composite- range Reduced oil Feedstuffs, 2014 (7% fat) 2530
6 Removal of oil and DDGS composition Fats/oils concentrated energy sources Reduction in diet/ingredient concentration without adjustment Increased feed intake, poorer gain Poor feed conversion
7 Composition of Reduced Oil DDGS (as fed basis) Component (%) Waldroup et al 2007 Conv Composite Guney et al 2013 Sample 1 High oil Guney et al 2013 Sample 2 Reduced oil Moisture Crude Protein Crude Fiber Crude Fat Ash Guney et al 2013 Sample 3 Reduced oil
8 Pilot Study-Influence of syrup addition on DDGS fat content and TMEn (DM basis) Syrup addition (gal/min) TME (kcal/g) Fat (%) Noll, 2007
9 Metabolizable Energy of Low Oil DDGS* (Dale, 2013) Sample Percent Oil M.E. (kcal/kg) (*Solvent extracted)
10 Reductions in ME (kcal/kg) with each % reduction in oil Source TMEn Poultry Type Noll, Turkeys, immature Dale, Chickens, adult Guney et al Chickens, adult Noll et al , 171 Turkeys, immature
11 Correlation of proximate components with DDGS turkey AMEn (dm basis) AMEn of dried distillers grains with solubles categorized by crude protein content Range Number Average Analyzed (dm basis) Cr. Protein, dm of samples Cr. Protein Crude fat AMEn % % % kcal/kg a a b b P-value r=-.74 (crude protein and AMEn) Noll, 2014
12 Recent study (UM) TMEn of turkeys and DDGS fat content (DM basis) TME (kcal/g) Fat (%) TMEn #5 > 1,2,3,4 P< Noll, Shurson, Kerr 2014
13 Magnitude of reductions in ME relative to oil content Less confidence in adjusting for changes in product based on fat content Development of predictive equations
14 Use of predictive equations Use of prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy common Ingredient specific; limits in use Animal by-product meal (Dale et al 1993, 1997) Fat, ash (R 2 =.80) DDGS (Batal and Dale, 2006) Fat, crude fiber (R 2 =.44)
15 Predictive Equations- AMEn Rochell et al 2011 Corn co-products DDGs, corn germ, gluten, bran, etc Crude fat alone weak predictor of AMEn Equation Components R 2 =.89 Fat, ash, hemicellulose R 2 =.87 NDF, gross energy, crude protein
16 Predictive Equations- AMEn Meloche et al DDGS samples Crude fat range 3.2 to 13.2% (dm) Determined AMEn (dm) 1,869 to 2,824 kcal/kg Crude fat not correlated with AMEn Equation Components Gross energy Crude protein Starch Total dietary fiber R 2 =.86
17 Prediction equations Rochell et al 2011 (corn coproducts) AMEn kcal/kg (dm) Equation 1(all dm basis) =3517 +(46.02 x %crude fat) (82.47 x %ash)- (33.27x %hemicellulose) Equation 2 (all dm basis) =( x % NDF) + (.81 x gross energy kcal/kg) (12.26 x %CP) Meloche et al 2013 (DDGS) AMEn kcal/kg (dm) = -12,282 + (2.60 x gross energy) + (89.75 x CP) +(125.8 x starch) (40.67 x TDF)
18 Is performance changed with reduced oil DDGs? Study Guney et al 2013 Kriefels & Purdum 2012 Noll et al 2011 Inclusion Level Type of Poultry Positive Negative No change Oil content 20% Chicks BW, F/G 12.5% vs 7% 10% Chicks BW, F/G 20% Laying Hens 20% Market Turkeys 20% Market Turkeys FI BW, FI, F/G 12,5% vs 5.6, 7.3 7% vs 11% F/G, FI BW 9% vs 11%
19 Deoiled DDGS broiler chicks, 18 d at 10 and 20% (Guney et al, 2013) BW, g Feed/gain Source, P< Source, NS Conv RO-1 RO Conv RO-1 RO-2
20 Low Oil DDGS Trial in Chicken Laying Hens UNL (Kreifels and Purdum) Objectives: Substitute lower oil DDGS products for regular DDGS in laying hen rations (20% of ration) with no change in diet formulations Measure effects on feed intake, egg production parameters
21 Low Oil DDGS Nutrient Profiles (Kreifels and Purdum) Nutrient Normal DDGS Medium Oil DDGS Low Oil DDGS Protein Fat, % Fiber, % Lysine, % Methionine, % Cysteine, % TSAA, % Phos. %
22 Low Oil DDGS Treatment Effects Laying hens (Kriefels and Purdum) Feed Intake Egg Production Control Normal DDGS Med. Oil DDGS Low Oil DDGS
23 Low Oil DDGS Treatment Effects (Kreifels and Purdum) Diet Hen Body Wt. (gr.) Egg Wt. (grams) Feed Conversion (g feed:g egg) Control Normal DDGS Med. Oil DDGS Low Oil DDGS
24 Noll, 2011; * Different from ME-S P<.05 DDGS Source (20%) & Market Tom Feed Conversion (10-19 wks of age) * DDGS Source & Tom F/G (Not Isocaloric to ME-S) * ME-S ME-R DDGS11 DDGS9 DDGS7
25 Corn oil in turkey diets (Preliminary performance data) Turkey poult diets 0-6 wks of age Corn oil vs AV fat Two levels of inclusion 2% and 5% Turkey performance followed after 6 wks of age to market All fed a common diet Noll, 2014
26 Use of crude corn oil in tom turkey diets to 6 wks of age and carryover to market Turkey Body Weight at 6 wks of age (kg), P<.05 b a Turkey Body Weight at 17 wks of age (kg), P<.05 Carry-over effect** b a 2.60 AV Blend Cr. Corn oil AV Blend Cr. Corn oil Noll, 2014
27 Summary De-oiling and Poultry Use Changed DDGS composition & lowered ME Uncertainty exists for assignment of ME value Use of crude fat for adjustment problematic; fiber role Feeding of low oil product if adjusted for ME no negative effect on performance Costly to add fat, will limit its use to lower energy type diets such as layer feed Corn oil positive benefits for young birds
28 Acknowledgments University of Minnesota Turkey Research Program DDGS Funding: Agricultural Utilization and Research Institute (MN); MN Corn Research and Promotion Council Corn oil Funding: Minnesota Turkey and Research and Promotion Council U of MN Turkey research unit staff and students
29
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