Improving Prune Irrigation Efficiency DP04002

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1 Improving Prune Irrigation Efficiency DP04002 Prune Quality Field Day Irrigation Donald Irving Primary Industries 21 April 2010

2 Aims Irrigation strategies Results Conclusions Future

3 Water balance Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) Partial root zone irrigation (PRZI, PRD)

4 Water balance - Available soil water reserve - ET O = E pan x ET C = ET O x K C

5 Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) Irrigate as required for water balance but withhold water during rapid shoot growth stage

6 I. Goodwin and A.-M. Boland (2002). Deficit irrigation practices Series title: Water reports - 22, 109 pp. ISBN:

7 Partial root zone irrigation (PRZI) Irrigate as required for water balance but apply to half the root system in alternate weeks

8 Strategy philosophy Control irrigation based on available water in the root zone and replacing ET C regularly RDI withholds water during stage 2 of shoot growth (shoots are sensitive to water stress) PRZI allows drying-side id roots to produce hormones that close stomata and reduce ET C

9 I. Goodwin and A.-M. Boland (2002). Deficit irrigation practices Series title: Water reports - 22, 109 pp. ISBN:

10 Strategy philosophy Control irrigation based on available water in the root zone and replacing ET C regularly RDI withholds water during stage 2 of shoot growth (shoots are sensitive to water stress) PRZI allows drying-side id roots to produce hormones that close stomata and reduce ET C

11 Trial site DPI Centre for Irrigated Agriculture d Agen prunes 3 m x 6 m on Marianna or Myrobalan 3 irrigation strategies

12 Water applied Treatment (ML/ha) (ML/ha) Control PRZI Total RDI

13 Water applied CIA v grower Water use CIA ML/ha KL/tree Grower ML/ha KL/tree

14 Fresh weight yield per tree Season Irrigation kg/tree Control 106 RDI 121 PRD Control 48 RDI 42 PRD Control 68 RDI 87 PRD 100

15 Fresh weight per fruit Season Irrigation g/fruit Control 28 RDI 27 PRD Control 22 RDI 20 PRD Control 21 RDI 20 PRD 20

16 Dry weight per fruit Season g/fruit

17 Dry out ratio Season Irrigation DOR Control 3.5 RDI 3.3 PRD Control 3.2 RDI 3.2 PRD Control 3.5 RDI 3.5 PRD 3.7

18 Soluble solids contents of fruit Season o Brix

19 Irrigation strategies t (RDI) were not implemented - fruit growth near linear - no shoot growth measurements - seasonal (climatic) interventions - equipment breakdown

20

21 Irrigation strategies t (RDI) were not implemented - fruit growth near linear - no shoot growth measurements - seasonal (climatic) interventions - equipment breakdown

22 RDI used 50% less water in Similar amounts applied in PRZI requires 2 lines Remain with replacement irrigation

23 Reduction in overall water use Plant water stress monitoring (orchard variation) Managing water stress during blue drop period Water application at harvest size v dehydration RDI need shoot growth pattern, spring soil water PRZI application volume on each side, stomatal t conductance California trip to study fruit tree irrigation Jul-Aug

24

25 Reduction in overall water use Plant water stress monitoring (orchard variation) Managing water stress during blue drop period Water application at harvest size v dehydration RDI need shoot growth pattern, spring soil water PRZI application volume on each side, stomatal t conductance California trip to study fruit tree irrigation Jul-Aug

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