The Environment and the Athlete New York State Association of Independent Schools. John Cottone, EdD,ATC SUNY Cortland May 4, 2010

Transcription

1 The Environment and the Athlete New York State Association of Independent Schools John Cottone, EdD,ATC SUNY Cortland May 4, 2010

2 Adapting to Environmental Heat Acclimatization (approximation) Takes 2-3 weeks Exercise early or late for 1 st week Drink approximately 3L of water daily Work your way to midday 4-8 oz of fluid every ¼ hour during activity

3 Hydration Proper Hydration=Prevention Proper Hydration=the right amount + the right stuff Water versus Sports Drink Objectives of hydration

4 Energy Drinks Sounds to good to be true? Nutritional fact panel? Research to back up claims?

5 Maintaining Body Fluids Monitor hydration by weight Before and after activity 1-2% can compromise performance 3+% puts an individual at risk 5% leans toward dehydration Should replace 80% of loss by next session

6 Maintaining Body Fluids Monitoring by Urine Color Chart

7 Index of Hydration Status Condition %BW Urine Color Well Hydrated +1 to -1 1 or 2 Minimal -1 to -3 3 or 4 Dehydration -3 to -5 5 or 6 Serious > 5 7 or 8

8 Prevention Weight, Thirst and Urine

9 Types of Heat Heat Rash Heat Syncope Heat Tetany Heat Edema Heat Cramps Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke

10 Heat Cramps Brief, intermittent, but often severe cramps Considered a sodium and chloride deficiency Lower legs Thighs Abdomen A change in electrolyte balance causing muscle not to relax

11 Heat Cramps Clinical S/S Urinalysis Cool environment Gentle stretching Oral fluid replacement IV fluid replacement Rest???

12 Heat Exhaustion Elevated core temperature ( F) Causes low fluid levels Decreased CV output Weakness Fatigue Nausea Cramping Prolonged sweating Dizziness Tachycardia Rapid, weak pulse

13 Heat Exhaustion Clinically, cool, pale and clammy skin Normal or lowered body temperature Urinalysis Cool, shady environment Elevate LE Replacement of fluid orally or IV It takes about 1 hour to get 1L back into circulation

14 Heat Stroke- Catastrophic Life-threatening Medical Emergency Core temperature >106 F Hallmark difference from heat exhaustion is CNS dysfunction

15 Heat Stroke CNS Disorientation Irritability Combativeness Seizures Delirium Hallucinations Altered mental status Rapid HR ( ) Hot, dry, and reddish skin Not sweating????

16 Heat Stroke Overall, the physiologic damage is dependant on: the degree of core temperature the length of exposure time

17 Prevention of Heat-Related Illness Understand the environmental conditions Be aware of the heat index and local relative humidity reading Focus on higher risk athletes; unfit, overweight, and not acclimatized

18 Measuring Environmental Conditions

19 Monitoring the Heat Index Universal Wet Bulb Globe Index (WBGT) Sling Psychrometer utilizes a dry and a wet bulb thermometer National and Local Weather Forecast, Hurricane, Radar and Report

20

21 Heat Index Calculator Heat Index Calculator

22 93

23 NCAA Guideline 2c, (09-10)

24 Suggested Adjustments Below 89 F F No need to modify activity Increase fluid/rest breaks Monitor warning signs Decrease exercise intensity/adjust equipment Change practice time

25 NYSPHSAA Heat Index Policy (Passed Safety Committee (4/2010) Heat index checked 1 hour before practice/contest by AD, ATC, designee Accuweather.com website (enter zip code) AccuWeather.com - International & Local Weather for your Life Heat index calculated (realfeel)

26 Heat Index Under 80 Full activity-no restrictions Heat Index Heat Index Heat Index Heat Index Over 95 Provide ample H2O and breaks Monitor environment Reduce practice session time Provide ample H2O and breaks Monitor environment Considering re-scheduling Reduce practice session time 1 hour recovery for each hour of practice Provide ample H2O and breaks Monitor environment Considering re-scheduling Reduce practice session time 1 hour recovery for each hour of practice Light weight and loose clothing No equipment except helmet No activity

27 Stay Hydrated Drink at least oz/2hr before Drink 8 oz. 15 minutes before Drink 4-8 oz. every 15 minutes to replace sweat Drink 24 oz. for ever 1lb of body weight deficit post-activity Overall, cups (80-96 oz) daily Up to 20 cups during heat and vigorous exercise

28 Stay Cool Start well conditioned and acclimated Know warning signs Do not rely on thirst!! Drink on schedule Sport drinks and water Monitor body weight Watch urine color Stay cool ALSO, avoid alcohol, caffeine, carbonated beverages