Key Findings of Recent Food Consumption and Nutrition Surveys in ASEAN - Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS)2014

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1 of Recent Food Consumption and Nutrition Surveys in ASEAN - Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS)214 Presenter : Mohamad Hasnan Bin Ahmad Nutritionist Institute For Public Health Ministry of Health 559 Jalan Bangsar, Kuala Lumpur 1 2 Introduction Introduction An understanding of common types of food consumed is crucial to identify the population s food choices Food consumption data provide an estimation on the quantity of each prepared food consumed by individuals The food consumption data vary considerably from country to country and even within a country due to variations in sociodemographic and socioeconomic status such as ethnicity, geographical areas, age, sex and income (Malik et al., 213) 3 The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that each countries should estimate their own food consumption pattern data. This is because the data can be used for a variety of purposes such as examining the dietary pattern, evaluating the frequency of food intake, assessing adequacy of nutrient intake, as well as establishing policies and recommendation. In Malaysia, nationwide food consumption data have been collected in Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) in 23 and

2 Objectives General objectives To evaluate the food consumption intake of the Malaysian adult population Specific objectives 1.To determine the top ten foods frequently or regularly consumed by Malaysian adult population 2.To determine the changes in top ten foods frequently or regularly consumed with the previous study (MANS 23) 3.To determine daily intake of energy, macro- and micronutrients 4.To determine the changes in daily intake of energy, macro- and micro- nutrients with the previous study (MANS 23) Methodology MANS was a nationwide cross-sectional study conducted in March until June 214. Multistage stratified sampling design was used to select a representative sample of Malaysian adult population, aged 18 to 59 years old. Data on food consumption were derived from : 1. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) which contains 165 common consumed foods/ beverages 2. One day 24-hour diet recall. NutriPro and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) softwares were used for nutrient and statistical analyses. 5 6 MANS 214 Table 1. Comparison of prevalence and mean intake of the top ten foods consumed among Malaysian adult between MANS 23 and MANS 214 Figure 1. of the top ten foods consumed among Malaysian adult population Cooked rice Cooked C rice Green leafy vege Hen egg Marine fish Green leafy vege Hen egg Chicken Chicken Marine fish Local kuih Local L kuih Noodles Bread Mee-hoon/ kuewtiatiaw Mee-hoon/ M kuew Bean vege Noodles Cabbage Soy sauce

3 MANS 214 MANS 214 Table 2. Comparison of prevalence and mean intake of the top ten foods consumed daily in the urban and rural area in MANS 214 Figure 2. of the top ten foods consumed daily among Malaysian adult population Urban Rural White rice White rice Sugar Sugar Leafy green vege Marine fish Marine fish Leafy green vege Chilies Condensed milk Condensed milk Chilies Soy sauce Soy sauce Chicken Local kuih Hen egg Condiment Condiment Anchovy MANS 214 Table 3. Comparison of prevalence and mean intake of the top ten foods consumed daily by men and women in MANS 214 Men Women White rice White rice Sugar Sugar Leafy green vege Leafy green vege Marine fish Marine fish Condensed milk Chilli Chilli Condensed milk Soy sauce Soy sauce Hen egg Cream cracker Chicken Condiment Condiment Full cream milk Table 4. Comparison of prevalence and mean intake of the top ten food consumed daily among Malaysian adult between MANS 23 and MANS 214 White rice White rice Sugar Sugar Marine fish Leafy green vege Leafy green vege Marine fish Condensed milk Chilies Bread Condensed milk Full cream milk Soy sauce Biscuits Condiment Hen Egg Hen egg Anchovy Cream crackers

4 MANS 214 Findings Table 6. and mean intake of top ten beverages consumed daily among Malaysian adult population No. Beverages ml/day 1 Plain water Tea Coffee Malted drink (milo, horlick, etc) Pre-mixed drink (3 in 1) Fruit juice Soy milk Cordial syrup Ready to drink beverage (air kotak, air tin etc) Pre-mixed herbal drink (3 in 1 with herbal) MANS % Malaysian adult consumed plain water daily with mean intake 1519ml/day MANS % Malaysian adult consumed plain water daily with mean intake 1688ml/day Energy (kcal/day) Malaysia Urban Rural Figure 4. Median energy intake per day of Malaysian adult by strata Energy (kcal/day) Malaysia Men Women Figure 5. Median energy intake per day of Malaysian adult by gender 15 16

5 Carbohydrate Protein Fat 7 12 Percentage contribution to energy % RNI Energy Protein Calcium Iron Vit C Vit A Figure 6. Percentage contribution macronutrient to daily energy intake. Figure 7. Percentage achievement of selected nutrient to Malaysia Recommended Intake Sodium intake (mg/day) Sodium intake (mg/day) Sex Combined Urban Rural Sex Combined Men Women Figure 8. Sodium intake per day among Malaysia adult by strata Figure 9. Sodium intake per day among Malaysia adult by gender 19 2

6 Discussion Discussion Several food items were consumed daily and weekly by Malaysian adult population, which consists of diversity of types of food consumed There was almost similar food patterns reported in current MANS 214 with previous MANS 23 s food consumption pattern, but an increase consumption of processed foods such as soy sauce & condiments was observed Higher consumption of processed foods added with salts and unhealthy condiments increases the likelihood of unhealthy eating pattern such as higher intake of food consumed (Brondel et al., 29) Malaysians had an energy intake that met only 64% of RNI which is 6% lower compared to MANS 23. The percentage contribution of macronutrients (protein, carbohydrate and fat) are within the recommended ratios. Intake of micronutrients in relation to RNI could be described as low particularly for calcium and vitamin C intake. For sodium, the median intake was 1935mg/day which is on par with cut-off 2mg/day as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) Conclusion Recommendation Majority of the Malaysian adults consumed white rice daily with an average intake 2 ½ plates per day Compared with MANS 23, consumption of processed foods added with salt and condiments had increased and it is appear among the top ten most consumed foods. Generally, most of nutrient intake by Malaysian adult show the positive trend in term of achievement to RNI except for energy. An increasing trend of processed foods added with salts and condiments among adults in Malaysia is of concern and alternative healthier condiments and low salt processed foods should be recommended Regular nutrition surveys should be carried out to provide valuable information on trends in food and nutrient intake among Malaysian population

7 References MANS 214 General Finding Acknowledgment Food Security 1. Malik, V. S., Pan, A., Willett, W. C., & Hu, F. B. (213). Sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 98(4), Wessex Institute of Public Health Medicine, Software Package for Food Frequency Questionnaire. 3. A Karim, N., Mohd Yusof, S., Hashim, J. K., Din, M., Haslinda, S., Harun, Z.,... & Sulong, F. (28). Food consumption patterns: findings from the Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS). Malaysian Journal of Nutrition, 14(1), Habitual Food Intake od Adults Aged 18 to 59 Years. Report Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey 23. Ministry of Health Malaysia. 5. Tee, E. (211). Development and promotion of Malaysian dietary guidelines.asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2(3), Brondel, L., Romer, M., Van Wymelbeke, V., Pineau, N., Jiang, T., Hanus, C., & Rigaud, D. (29). Variety enhances food intake in humans: role of sensory-specific satiety. Physiology & Behavior, 97(1), Meal Pattern Food Intake by Food GROUP Habits to Relation to Food Consumption Food Labelling Vitamin & Mineral Suplements Food Habit I would like to thank the Director General of Health of Malaysia for permission to present this finding. Our special appreciation goes to all the respondents their willingness to participate in this study. Not forget many thanks to all data collectors and team members for Malaysian Adult Nutrition Survey (MANS) 214. Nutritional Status 25 Intake 26 MANS 214 General Finding Food Security Meal Pattern Food Intake by Food GROUP Habits to Relation to Food Consumption MANS 214 For the details data and information in every scope, kindly refer to the MANS 214 report available in IKU website ( MANS 214 General Finding Food Security Meal Pattern Food Intake by Food GROUP Habits to Relation to Food Consumption Food Labelling Vitamin & Mineral Suplements Food Habit Food Labelling Vitamin & Mineral Suplements Food Habit THANK YOU Nutritional Status Nutritional Status Intake 27 Intake 28