Update on Postbloom Fruit Drop and 2016 field trial results Natalia A. Peres
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1 Update on Postbloom Fruit Drop and 2016 field trial results Natalia A. Peres University of Florida Gulf Coast Research and Education Center
2 Postbloom Fruit Drop Symptoms
3 2016 TRIAL RESULTS (By Megan Dewdney)
4 Trial details o Navel oranges in Polk City area Heavily infected with HLB Off-season bloom on most trees Trees hedged in January Consequence much of bloom concentrated at the middle to end of March More uniform than previous year Trees selected for uniform disease pressure HLB and PFD o Applications made on recommendation of PFD model o Applications on March 16 and 22
5 PFD trials 2016 Navels Product Active Ingredient Rate/acre Quadris Top + Activator 90 Azoxystrobin + difenoconazole 15.4 fl oz. Quadris Top + Activator 90 Azoxystrobin + difenoconazole 15.4 fl oz. + Abound Azoxystrobin 3.2 fl oz. Abound + Activator 90 Azoxystrobin 15.5 fl oz. Abound + Ferbam Azoxystrobin 15.5 fl oz. Ferbam 6 lb Headline Pyraclostrobin 15 fl oz. Headline + Ferbam Pyraclostrobin 15 fl oz. Ferbam 6 lb Pristine Pyraclostrobin + boscalid 18.5 oz. Priaxor + Cohere Pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad 6 fl oz.* (9 fl oz) Ferbam Ferbam 4 lb Ferbam Ferbam 5 lb Topsin M Thiophanate-methyl 2.0 lb Untreated control -- --
6 Buttons in 0.25m 2 /tree side April 20 th, 2016 Number of old buttons per tree side (0.25 m 2 ) Priaxor + Cohere Pristine UTC Abound + Ferbam Quadris Top + Activator 90 Navel Old Buttons Polk City 2016 Ferbam 4 Ferbam 5 Headline Topsin M Quadris Top + Abound + Activator 90 Headline + Ferbam Abound + Activator 90 Fungicide treatment No significant difference
7 Buttons in 0.25m 2 /tree side April 20 th, 2016 Number of new buttons per tree side (0.25 m 2 ) A AB ABC ABC Navel New Buttons Polk City 2016 BCD BCD B-E UTC Quadris Top + Activator 90 Headline Ferbam 4 Ferbam 5 Pristine Priaxor + Cohere Topsin M Abound + Activator 90 Quadris Top + Abound + Activator 90 Fungicide treatment C-F D-G EFG FG G Abound + Ferbam Headline + Ferbam
8 Number of fruit per tree side June th, A AB AB AB AB AB Navel Fruit Polk City 2016 Number of fruit per tree BC CD DE E E 20 F 10 0 Headline + Ferbam Pristine Abound + Ferbam Priaxor + Cohere Headline Topsin M Quadris Top + Abound + Activator 90 Fungicide treatment Ferbam 5 Ferbam 4 Quadris Top + Activator 90 Abound + Activator 90 UTC
9 Conclusions o No difference in the number of buttons prior to trial initiation o The number of buttons from 2016 infection, does not always match fruit counts o All treatments significantly better than UTC o Topsin M did not perform better than strobilurin containing fungicides o Ferbam is best when mixed with other fungicides Similar conclusion to Pete Timmer s work in 1990s
10 Trial details o Valencia oranges in Fort Meade area Infected with HLB but relatively healthy Off-season bloom on most trees Trees in block were slow to bloom compared to others in area Trees selected for uniform disease pressure HLB and PFD o Applications made on recommendation of PFD model o Applications on March 17, 23, and April 1
11 PFD trials 2016 Valencia Product Active Ingredient Rate/acre Rhyme 2.08 SC Flutriafol 5 oz. Rhyme 2.08 SC Flutriafol 7 oz. Topguard EQ 4.3SC Flutriafol + azoxystrobin 5 oz. Topguard EQ 4.3SC Flutriafol + azoxystrobin 8 oz. Topguard EQ 4.3SC Ferbam Flutriafol + azoxystrobin Ferbam 5 oz. 5 lb Quadris Top Azoxystrobin fl oz. difenoconazole Luna Sensation Trifloxystrobin + fluopyram 5 oz. Luna Sensation Trifloxystrobin + fluopyram 7 oz. Untreated control -- --
12 Buttons in 0.25m 2 /tree side May 27 th, 2016 Number of old buttons per tree side (0.25 m 2 ) Topguard 5 Rhyme 5 Topguard + Ferbam Valencia Old Buttons Fort Meade 2016 UTC Luna Sensation 7 Rhyme 7 Fungicide treatment No significant difference Topguard 8 Quadris Top Luna Sensation 5
13 Buttons in 0.25m 2 /tree side May 27 th, 2016 Number of new buttons per tree side (0.25 m 2 ) A Rhyme 7 AB Valencia New Buttons Fort Meade 2016 BC C C UTC Rhyme 5 Luna Sensation 7 Topguard 5 C Luna Sensation 5 Fungicide treatment D D F Topguard 8 Quadris Top Topguard + Ferbam
14 Number of fruit per tree side June 30 th -July 1 st, A AB ABC Valencia Fruit Fort Meade 2016 Number of fruit per tree side BCD CD D DE E F 20 0 Topguard + Ferbam Topguard 8 Quadris Top Luna Sensation 5 Topguard 5 Luna Sensation 7 Fungicide treatment Rhyme 7 Rhyme 5 UTC
15 Conclusions o No difference in the number of buttons prior to trial initiation o The number of buttons for 2016 followed similar trend as fruit o All treatments significantly better than UTC o The addition of ferbam to Topguard treatment significantly improved performance o Three best treatments all contained a mixture of strobilurin and DMI fungicides
16 RECENT RESEARCH ON PFD CONDUCTED IN SAO PAULO, BRAZIL (Courtesy of Geraldo Silva Jr. from Fundecitrus)
17 Symptomatic flower (%) Spray volume No organosilicone With organosilicone UTC Volume (gal/ac) Courtesy: Geraldo da Silva Jr., Fundecitrus
18 Symptomatic flower (%) Sprayer speed Higher speed UTC Speed (miles/h) Courtesy: Geraldo da Silva Jr., Fundecitrus
19 Need to re-apply after rain? Rain (in/h) (mm/h) Rain events 0.15, 0.5, 1 in. Simulated 30 min after application of pyraclostrobin Fungicide still effective with up to 1 in. rain!! Courtesy: Geraldo da Silva Jr., Fundecitrus (in/h) Rain (mm/h)
20 Application timing ufl.edu/ o Timing specific to grove situation o Highly weather dependent
21 In mm; from in multiply by 25.4
22 Navel > Valencia > Hamlin
23 Strawberry Advisory System A B
24 Weather monitoring
25 Web, and SMS alerts, App SAS app Strawberry Alert Floral City. Botrytis: Mod Anthrac: Mod
26 Symptomatic flower (%) Predictive system field trial System similar to Strawberry one developed for citrus areas in SP Calendar based Predictive system No spray (4x) (1x) Courtesy: Geraldo da Silva Jr., Fundecitrus
27 Summary o Application timing is crucial!! Sometimes more important than product Bloom stage (pinhead, button bloom, open) + weather (rainy periods) o Need to be proactive for PFD Need to be able to react quickly Regular field scouting for bloom stages and symptoms o Some strategies Low volume, high speed, aerial applications Define priorities according to bloom stage, cultivar, disease history, plant age, yield potential, etc
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