Fungicide performance update for wheat, barley and oilseed rape
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1 Fungicide performance update for wheat, barley and oilseed rape Release date: 6 December 217 (at the AHDB Agronomists Conference)
2 Note: These slides contain curves up to 1 per cent label dose. The curves are different to those displayed on the screen at the AHDB Agronomists Conference, which showed results up to 2 per cent label dose. The data used to produce the curves is the same.
3 Fungicide performance update for wheat
4 Wheat trial sites in harvest year 217 Site (organisation) Target disease Variety Rosemaund (ADAS) Septoria tritici Santiago Sutton Scotney (NIAB) Septoria tritici (double trial) Dickens Fife (SRUC) Septoria tritici (double trial) Consort Cardigan (ADAS) Septoria tritici KWS Santiago Carlow (TEAGASC) Septoria tritici KWS Lumos Terrington (ADAS) Yellow rust Reflection Cambridge (NIAB) Brown rust Crusoe Gleadthorpe (ADAS) Fusarium Grafton
5 Wheat septoria data 217 Site and timing Target leaf Protectant Eradicant Rosemaund T2 Flag Sutton Scotney T1 Leaf 3 (brown rust) Sutton Scotney T2 Flag Fife T1 Leaf 3 Fife T2 Flag Cardigan T2 Flag Carlow GS33 Leaf 2
6 Wheat septoria products 217 Product Active(s) UK sites Carlow Bravo chlorothalonil * * Ignite** epoxiconazole Proline prothioconazole Imtrex fluxapyroxad Vertisan penthiopyrad Elatus Era Librax Ascra Xpro benzovindiflupyr + prothioconazole fluxapyroxad + metconazole bixafen + fluopyram + prothioconazole *Bravo at 5% dose only **Or Bassoon EC
7 Fungicide performance trials >Since 1994 >Wheat trial locations Septoria tritici Yellow rust Brown rust Fusarium
8 Trial methods Each trial is sprayed just once Four rates of application tested 25%, 5%, 1%, and 2% of full label rate per fungicide, plus untreated Activity observed on each leaf layer and categorised as: Eradicant If a leaf emerged before fungicides were applied Protectant If a leaf had just emerged or was still emerging when fungicides were applied
9 Elatus Era Registered for use in January 217 Contains a new SDHI active, plus a triazole 75 g/l benzovindiflupyr (Solatenol), plus15g/l prothioconazole Full label dose 1.l/ha Maximum one application Approved for use in wheat and barley In fungicide performance trials since 216
10 Septoria protection 217 (n=6) Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Bravo Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Bravo % disease % disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate 4 2 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
11 Septoria protection 215/16/17 (over trial) % disease AviatorXpro Vertisan+Ignite Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Bravo % disease 1 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 5 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate 5 Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Bravo % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full lable rate
12 Septoria curative activity 217 (n-3) Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % disease 15 1 % disease Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate 5 Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
13 Septoria curative 215/16/17 (over trial) 25 2 AviatorXpro Vertisan+Ignite Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax 25 2 Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex % disease 15 1 % disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate 5 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full lable rate
14 Septoria yields 217 (n-5) Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Bravo Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Yield (t/ha) Yield (t/ha) Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 7. % 25% 5% 75% 1% 7. % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate Percentage of full label rate
15 Septoria trial yield 215/16/17 (over trial) AviatorXpro Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Bravo Proline Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Bravo Yield (t/ha) Yield (t/ha) % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full lable rate
16 Rusts in 217 June conditions Checked yellow rust development Promoted brown rust 75% of varieties have a RL disease rating of 6 or less for yellow or brown rust Most susceptible: Yellow rust Reflection, Cordiale, Gallant, JB Diego, Grafton and Skyfall Brown rust Crusoe, Zulu, Savello and Shabras Oakley 27 April 215 Nr Kings Lynn
17 Brown rust 217 (inoculated) Use Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % disease Proline Elatus Era Vertisan Caramba 9 Yield (t/ha) % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate Proline Elatus Era Vertisan Caramba 9 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
18 Yellow rust Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Priaxor Keystone Proline Ignite Imtrex Comet % disease % disease Use Imtrex only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 5 5 % 25% 5% 75% 1% % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate Percentage of full label rate
19 Yellow rust efficacy Three-year mean (215 to 217) % disease AviatorXpro Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Priaxor Keystone % disease Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Comet % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate 1 5 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
20 Yellow rust trial yields Three-year mean (215 to 217) Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen Yield (t/ha) AviatorXpro Elatus Era AscraXpro Librax Priaxor Keystone % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate Yield (t/ha) Ignite Vertisan Imtrex Comet % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
21 Fusarium Proline Ignite Caramba 9 Folicur % ears infected % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
22 Fusarium efficacy Three-year mean (215 to 217) Proline Ignite Caramba 9 Folicur % ears infected % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label rate
23 Fusarium DNA and mycotoxins (215 to 217) 35 DON 3.5 Fusarium DNA 3 3. DON ppb Fusarium DNA (pg/ng)
24 Azole: septoria activity (full dose) 1 Protectant 1 Curative prothioconazole epoxiconazole % Variance accounted for = % Variance accounted for = Mean value for all sites in fungicide performance trials in each year for percentage control (21 to 217)
25 SDHIs (Imtrex): septoria tritici control (213 to 217, protectant situations) % control Dose Dose Dose Dose Dose Bold lines show the mean response in each year. Dotted lines show the highest and lowest percentage control achieved.
26 SDHIs (Vertisan): septoria tritici control (213 to 217, protectant situations) % control Dose.5 1 Dose.5 1 Dose.5 1 Dose.5 1 Dose Bold lines show the mean response in each year. Dotted lines show the highest and lowest percentage control achieved.
27 Are we selecting for less sensitivity? (217 treatments in FP trials) Cumulative frequency (%) SDHI sensitivity (post treatment application) untreated 7 Ignite 6 5 Imtrex EC5 (μg ml 1) Single AHDB site from 217 (SDHI = bixafen. Data courtesy of Bart Fraaije, Rothamsted Research)
28 Septoria sensitivity to SDHIs (lab tests) (early spring 217) Data courtesy of Bart Fraaije, Rothamsted Research. SDHI = bixafen
29 SDHI sensitivity (laboratory) Ireland 211 to % Population a LogEC5 IZM Data courtesy of S. Kildea, Teagasc
30 Fungicide performance for wheat summary Septoria tritici SDHIs highly active but some evidence of decline in efficacy Elatus Era, Librax and Ascra comparable for protection Use azoles and multisites to slow resistance development Rusts Epoxiconazole highly effective in curative situations Pyraclostrobin showed good activity (especially on yellow rust) New SDHI Elatus Era, highly effective on yellow and brown rust Fusarium Prothioconazole leads. Metconazole, tebuconazole, and epoxiconaozle are all close behind
31 Fungicide performance update for barley
32 Barley targets and sites in harvest year 217 Target disease Sites Number of trials Powdery mildew Midlothian 1 Rhynchosporium Lanark, Carlow, and 3 Cardigan Net blotch Norfolk and East Yorkshire 2 Ramularia Scotland 1
33 Rhynchosporium protection 217 (n=2) Siltra Xpro Elatus Era Priaxor Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % Disease 1 8 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose Proline Comet Imtrex Vertisan % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
34 Rhynchosporium protectant data (215 to 217) Siltra Xpro Elatus Era Priaxor Proline Comet Imtrex Vertisan 1 1 % Disease 8 6 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 2 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
35 Rhynchosporium trial yields (215 to 217) Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen Yield (t/ha) Siltra Xpro Elatus Era Priaxor % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose Yield (t/ha) Proline Comet Imtrex Vertisan % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
36 QoI (strobilurin) efficacy on rhynchosporium (21 to 217) % control 1 9 5% label rate R² = % control Full label rate R² = Data based on efficacy of Comet (pyraclostrobin)
37 Previously on ramularia: 211 to 215 (n=3) % Disease Siltra Xpro Bontima Adexar % Disease Use Imtrex and Zulu only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen Proline Imtrex Zulu Ignite Bravo % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
38 8 7 6 Ramularia 217 (single site) Siltra Xpro Elatus Era Treoris 8 6 Use Imtrex, Vertisan and Zulu only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 5 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose % Disease 4 2 Proline Imtrex Zulu Vertisan Bravo % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose Midlothian 217 (mean of two leaves)
39 SRUC Ramularia - additional trial (Scotland) Note: All fitted lines are the same except bravo Disease (%) 6 Disease (%) 6 3 Siltra Xpro Treoris % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 3 Proline Imtrex Zulu Vertisan Bravo % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
40 Net blotch 217 (two sites) 4 Siltra Xpro Elatus Era 4 Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 3 3 Proline Imtrex Vertisan % Disease 2 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
41 Net blotch: changes in protectant activity (single active products) % Disease trials (n 2) Proline Comet Imtrex Zulu Vertisan Use Imtrex, Vertisan and Zulu only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen % Disease trials (n 3) Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen 2 2 Proline 1 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 1 Comet Imtrex Vertisan % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
42 Net blotch: changes in protectant activity (mixtures) trials (n 2) trials (n 3) 5 Siltra Xpro Elatus Era 5 Siltra Xpro Elatus Era 4 Priaxor 4 Priaxor % Disease 3 2 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
43 Mildew control Siltra Xpro Elatus Era Use Imtrex and Vertisan only in mixture with at least one fungicide with an alternative mode of action and that has efficacy against the target pathogen Proline Imtrex Vertisan Cyflamid Talius % Disease 2 15 % Disease % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
44 Fungicide performance for barley summary Rhynchosporium: Excellent control from Proline or Imtrex alone or in mixes (Priaxor, Elatus Era and Siltra) Trend for a decline in activity of Comet observed Net blotch: Reduced sensitivity to SDHIs now confirmed Mixture products gave best efficacy Comet still adds usefully to efficacy Ramularia: Chlorothalonil (alone or in mixtures) still effective Little field efficacy of SDHI and azoles in 217 trials Mildew: Prothiocanzole effective (alone or in mixtures), as was Cyflamid. SDHIs add to efficacy
45 Modes of action and efficacy Rhynchosporium Net blotch Ramularia Powdery mildew Azoles Insensitive isolates in UK populations Strobilurins Insensitivity? Partial Insensitivity (F129L) Insensitivity (G143A) SDHIs Insensitive isolates in UK populations Insensitive isolates in UK populations Multisites -
46 Fungicide performance update for oilseed rape
47 Trial sites in harvest year 217 Target disease Site Organisation Phoma (two sprays*) Light Leaf Spot (two sprays**) Sclerotinia Stem Rot (single spray***) Norfolk Herefordshire North Yorkshire Dorset Midlothian Herefordshire Ceredigion ADAS ADAS ADAS NIAB SRUC ADAS ADAS *1 to 2 per cent of plants affected, followed by 4 to1 weeks (when reinfection evident) ** Autumn (November/December) overspray, followed by pre/early stem extension application (February to March) ***early to mid flowering application
48 Products included in trials in 217 Product Active(s) Full dose (l/ha) Phoma Light leaf spot Sclerotinia Untreated Proline 275 prothioconazole Refinzar a penthiopyrad + picoxystrobin Pictor a dimoxystrobin + boscalid Filan boscalid.5 (kg/ha) Amistar azoxystrobin = included in trials; = not included in trials a = used as autumn or two spray programme to fit experimental protocol (restrictions on label) Note: Products near to market are tested but data cannot be released until after registration
49 Phoma leaf spot/stem canker
50 Phoma leaf spot progress (Norfolk) September to November % Arrow = date and percentage of plants in the OSR crop with phoma leaf spot 2/9/217 27/9/217 4/1/217 11/1/217 18/1/217 25/1/217 1/11/217 8/11/ September to November % Spores per m3 air 2 3 2/9/216 27/9/216 4/1/216 11/1/216 18/1/216 25/1/216 1/11/216 8/11/216 Source: DuPont, University of Hertfordshire, Hutchinsons
51 Stem canker 217 (Norfolk) 5 4 Proline 275 Filan Canker index % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
52 Stem canker and yield 216 (Norfolk) Proline Pictor Filan Refinzar Canker index Yield (t/ha) % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 2.4 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
53 Phoma leaf spot/stem canker (summary) Season so far Early onset of the epidemic Thresholds met in late September/ early October in some areas Reinfection occurred 4 to 6 weeks after first sprays Fungicide efficacy Azole and nonazole products have activity Two applications in the autumn providing effective control No reports of resistance to fungicides Outlook: 217/218 Fungicide programmes up to date May see more stem canker preharvest in some crops
54 Light leaf spot
55 Light leaf spot: Lowest levels in the spring in England since N O D A T A Percentage of crops affected D A T A Percentage of plants affected within crops cropmonitor.co.uk Source: Defra winter oilseed rape disease surveys N O
56 Light leaf spot trials in 217: Disease control and fungicide application timing (across 3 sites)* *Overspray applied in November 216 and stem extension treatments applied in early March 217, typically at GS3 (rosette stage: beginning of stem extension)
57 Significant yield increase with the November fungicide overspray (across 3 sites) Pre/at stem extension sprays reduced stem and pod disease severity *Overspray applied in November 216 and stem extension treatments applied in early March 217, typically at GS3 (rosette stage: beginning of stem extension)
58 Light leaf spot trials: Summary for 217 November sprays were important for light leaf spot control at the trial sites Spring epidemic was not as severe as previous years, which was unusual Both November and later applications (before or at stem extension) are important for good control Later applications reduced stem and pod disease severity
59 Light leaf spot control across years 5 trials in 215 and 216* Light leaf spot severity (% leaf area affected) Yield (t/ha) Proline 275 Orius Orius 2EW Pictor 1 % Percentage 25% of 5% full label 75% dose 1% 3.3 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose *Orius P in harvest year 215 only, all other products in both years
60 Light leaf spot (summary) Season so far Earlier-sown crops more at risk Lesions reported on incubated samples in November Fungicide efficacy Both azole and non-azole products provide control in the trials Anti-resistance management strategies Scottish sites yield benefits with higher doses Outlook: 217/218 Regional and local risk Monitor crops in new year and treat promptly, if symptoms seen
61 Sclerotinia stem rot
62 Sclerotinia risk: Ceredigion in 217 Yellow line = duration of flowering Red points = Sklero Pro infection events Blue bars = rainfall (mm) Arrow = fungicide application date (14 April)
63 Sclerotinia disease and yield: Ceredigion Proline Sclerotinia index Yield (t/ha) % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 3. % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
64 Sclerotinia risk: Herefordshire in 217 Yellow line = duration of flowering Red points = Sklero Pro infection events Blue bars = rainfall (mm) Arrow = fungicide application date (14 April)
65 Sclerotinia disease and yield: Rosemaund Proline 275 Amistar Filan Sclerotinia index Yield (t/ha) % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 3.5 % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose
66 Performance of sclerotinia fungicides across 5 sites (215 to 217) Sclerotinia index Yield (t/ha) Proline 275 Amistar Filan % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose 3. % 25% 5% 75% 1% Percentage of full label dose Cross site analysis: 5 sites 215 to 217
67 Sclerotinia stem rot (summary) Season so far Infection risk dependent on weather during flowering On-farm history can increase risk Fungicide efficacy Higher doses (75% of label dose and above) provide 3 weeks protection Range of active ingredients available No resistance to sclerotinia fungicides reported in UK Outlook: 217/218 Data available on efficacy of other products from previous projects Fungicides protectant activity only Application timing important for good control
68 Efficacy is in your hands Fungicide Futures combines anti resistance management information with the power of AHDB s communications channels cereals.ahdb.org.uk/fungicidefutures Fungicide Futures is a joint initiative between AHDB and the Fungicide Resistance Action Group UK (FRAG)
69 Arable Connections: Winter Bringing farmers, agronomists, processors and researchers together to share better ways of working cereals.ahdb.org.uk/events Agronomy 218 A series of free indoor events exploring technical developments and ways to improve farming businesses. Scotland 9, 11, 16 and 18 January 218 East Midlands 23 January 218 East Anglia 6 February 218 Wales 7 February 218 West 8 February 218 North 13 February 218 South East 15 February 218 South West 21 February 218 Milling Wheat Conference A conference focused on achieving excellence in the milling wheat market In association with nabim. Incorporating the YEN Wheat Quality Award. Cambridgeshire 1 March 218 United Oilseeds/AHDB Joint Seminar An opportunity to talk about the factors affecting establishment, cultivation and profitability of oilseed rape. Newbury 8 February 218
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