OBJECTIVE. that carbohydrates, fats, and proteins play in your body.

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1 OBJECTIVE Describe the roles that carbohydrates, fats, and proteins play in your body.

2 JOurnall How was your weekend? What did you do? Did you practice any of the lessons you have learned thus far? What are you doing this evening? Do you believe in Halloween? What do you think Halloween started out as being?

3 Quick Quiz Which of these statements are always true? Which are sometimes true? Which are always false? Foods that are high in calories are unhealthy. You should avoid foods with sugars in them. You should avoid fats in your diet. Vegetarian diets are low in protein. Snacking is bad for you. For each of your responses, explain why you gave the answer you did.

4 WORD OF THE DAY Nutrient

5 NUTRIENT A substance in foods that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissues, and obtain energy.

6 8.1 NUTRITION petersen

7 WHAT IS A NUTRIENT? Nutrient - a substance in food that the body needs to function. The body needs nutrients to: regulate bodily functions promote growth repair body tissues obtain energy

8 TYPES OF NUTRIENTS There are 6 classes/types of nutrients: carbohydrates fats proteins vitamins minerals water Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins can all be used by the body as sources of energy.

9 BODY Metabolism is the chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release this energy. The amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is measured in units called calories.

10 CHECK 1 classification or type of nutrient is.. carbohydrates fats proteins vitamins minerals water

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13 CHECK The amount of energy released when nutrients are broken down is measured in units called. Calories

14 CARBOHYDRATES Carbohydrates nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that supply energy for your body s functions. 2 Types Simple carbohydrates Also known as sugars, provide quick energy Complex carbohydrates Also known as starches and fiber provide long energy made up of sugars that are linked together chemically to form long chains.

15 WHAT FOODS I GET CARBOHYDRATES FROM? Simple (sugars) Sugars Fruits Vegetables milk Complex (starches and fiber) Starches Potatoes Rice tortillas Fiber Whole grain Bread fruits nuts 45 to 65 % of a person s daily calorie intake come from carbohydrates.

16 YOUR BODY S ENERGY RESERVES At a meal, you usually eat more carbohydrates than your body can immediately use. The extra glucose is converted into a type of starch called glycogen. If you eat so many carbohydrates that the body s glycogen stores are full, then the excess carbohydrates are stored as fat instead.

17 CHECK The 2 types of carbohydrates are. Simple (sugars) Complex (starches and fiber)

18 FATS Fats nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that supply energy for your body s functions. The body needs fats to supply energy form your cells maintain body temperature protect your nerves.

19 TYPES OF FATS Unsaturated Fats have at least one unsaturated bond in a place where hydrogen can be added usually liquid at room temperature. classified as either monounsaturated fats or polyunsaturated fats. Sources Vegetable Oils (olive and canola) Nuts and seeds (peanuts) seafood

20 TYPES OF FATS Saturated fats Fats that have all the hydrogen they can hold usually solid at room temperature Too much in your diet can lead to heart disease. Sources Animal Fat Butter Cheese 20 to 35 % of your calories come from fat, primarily unsaturated fat.

21 CHECK The body needs fat to. energy form your cells maintain body temperature protect your nerves

22 WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL? Cholesterol a waxy, fatlike substance that is found only in animal products. Your body needs cholesterol to make cell membranes make nerve tissue make certain hormones too much cholesterol can lead to blockages in blood vessels and damage the heart

23 PROTEIN Proteins Nutrients that contain as well as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen The most important function of proteins is growth of body tissues. repair of body tissues

24 WHERE DOES PROTEIN COME FROM?? Proteins are long chains of smaller links that are bound together called Amino Acids The proteins in your body are made up of 20 Amino Acids 9 of the 20 Amino Acids cannot be made by the body They must come from food. The 9 Amino Acids are called Essential Amino Acids

25 TYPES OF PROTEIN Complete Protein contains all 9 essential amino acids Found in Meat (chicken, beef, pork) Fish Incomplete Protein does not contain all 9 essential amino acids Found in plant productions (beans, rice) 10 to 35% of a person s daily calorie intake should come from Protein

26 CHECK The proteins in your body are made up of Amino Acids 20

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29 CHECK The smaller links that form proteins are called. Amino acids

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31 EXIT QUESTION Choose one of the following nutrients (Carbohydrates, Fats or Proteins) And describe their role or function in our body. Use specific details from your notes.