Name: Date: Block: Biology 12

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Name: Date: Block: Biology 12"

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Block: Biology 12 Provincial Exam Review: Cell Processes and Applications January 2003 Use the following diagram to answer questions 1 and Which labelled organelle produces most of the ATP in the cell? A. V B. W C. Y D. Z 2. Which labelled organelle has a bilayer of phospholipids and pores through which mrna passes? A. U B. V C. X D. Y 3. What could be produced by a cell with a large amount of smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. enzymes B. antibodies C. hemoglobin D. testosterone Use the following diagram to answer question What type of bond is represented by X? A. ionic B. peptide C. covalent D. hydrogen 5. Gastric juice contains a high concentration of which of the following? A. H B. bile C. OH + D. NaHCO3 6. Which of the following are lipids? A. ATP B. DNA C. steroids D. glycogen

2 Use the following diagram to answer question Which labelled part of the molecule is associated with energy storage? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 8. What is found in RNA but not in DNA? A. uracil B. thymine C. deoxyribose D. sugar-phosphate backbone 9. During what process are polypeptides assembled at the ribosomes? A. hydrolysis B. translation C. replication D. transcription 13. What process does not require the use of ATP? A. exocytosis B. pinocytosis C. active transport D. facilitated transport 14. Which of the following is an example of pinocytosis? A. Transport vesicles are formed at the Golgi bodies. B. Small particles move because of osmotic pressure. C. Large molecules are engulfed and brought into the cell. D. A white blood cell forms a vacuole around a bacterium. 15. What will happen to an animal cell when it is placed into a concentrated salt solution? A. It will excrete salt. B. Its volume will decrease. C. It will absorb more water. D. Its volume will remain the same. Use the following diagram to answer question What could the structure labelled X contain? A. bacteria B. glycogen C. white blood cells D. protein molecules 17. Increased secretion by the thyroid gland results in which of the following? A. increased use of oxygen B. decreased body temperature

3 C. increased synthesis of glycogen D. decreased carbon dioxide production 18. What could be added to an enzyme-catalyzed reaction to decrease its rate? A. enzymes B. substrate C. lead ions D. coenzymes Use the following graph to answer question What would cause the change in the rate of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction at X? A. an increase in enzyme concentration B. an increase in the temperature to 37 C C. a decrease in the substrate concentration D. a decrease in the competitive inhibitor concentration June Which of the following cells could produce the greatest amount of lipase? 2. Phagocytosis involves the infolding of what structure? A. the nucleolus B. the mitochondria C. the cell membrane D. the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

4 Use the following diagram to answer question The polarity of the molecule above accounts for which of the following characteristics? A. an acidic ph B. low density as a liquid C. its ability to act as a solvent D. its ability to buffer reactions Use the following diagram to answer questions 4 and What does the molecule labelled Y represent? A. ATP B. water C. oxygen D. carbon dioxide 5. If the molecules at X represent amino acids, then what does the molecule at Z represent? A. insulin B. glycerol C. glycogen D. messenger RNA Use the following diagram to answer question What is the molecule illustrated above? A. glycogen B. a nucleotide C. an amino acid D. a disaccharide Use the following diagram to answer question Where in the cell does this process take place? A. in the nucleus B. in the ribosome C. in the Golgi body D. in the rough endoplasmic reticulum

5 8. Which of the following are characteristics of DNA but not of RNA? Use the following diagram to answer questions 9, 10 and What process produces molecule X? A. translation B. replication C. denaturation D. transcription 10. What type of bond joins the structure in box Y with the structure in box Z? A. ionic B. peptide C. covalent D. hydrogen 11. What two components are part of the structure shown in box Y? A. ribose and guanine B. ribose and cytosine C. deoxyribose and uracil D. deoxyribose and adenine 12. What is produced during translation? A. messenger RNA B. steroid hormones C. a polypeptide chain D. new DNA molecules 13. What molecules act as carriers of glucose in the cell membrane? A. proteins B. nucleic acids C. phospholipids D. carbohydrates 14. Which of the following describes active transport? A. Water moves across the cell membrane. B. Small molecules are pushed into the tissue fluid by blood pressure. C. Molecules are moved against the concentration gradient using energy. D. Molecules are moved with the concentration gradient without using energy. Use the following list to answer question 15.

6 15. How many of the conditions above would affect the rate of diffusion across a semipermeable membrane? A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 Use the following diagram to answer question What is the next step in the process shown above? A. Water is drawn into the cell. B. Enclosed substances leave the cell. C. A lysosome fuses with the vacuole. D. A vesicle fuses with the cell membrane. August What organelle contains enzymes that hydrolyze proteins? A. ribosomes B. lysosomes C. rough endoplasmic reticulum D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum Use the following diagram to answer question Which labelled structure modifies polypeptides produced at the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z 3. Which of the following increases in concentration when amino acids are dissolved in water? A. H B. OH C. HCO 3 - D. COOH 4. What is the empirical formula of a carbohydrate? A. CH 4 B. CHO C. CHO 2 D. C 6 H 12 O 6

7 5. Which of the following would function as a structural component of plant cell walls? 6. What accounts for the secondary structure of a protein molecule? A. hydrolysis B. denaturation C. ionic bonding D. hydrogen bonding 7. Which of the following is an example of complementary base pairing? A. guanine uracil B. adenine cytosine C. cytosine thymine D. cytosine guanine 8. Which of the following is a characteristic of replication? A. Sugar joins to phosphate groups, producing new DNA. B. Anticodons bond to codons by complementary base pairing, producing proteins. C. Adenine bonds with thymine and cytosine bonds with guanine, producing mrna. D. Adenine bonds with uracil and cytosine bonds with guanine, producing new DNA. 9. What is meant by the term unzipping as it occurs during replication? A. denaturing of the DNA molecule B. formation of temporary bonds between mrna and trna C. breaking the bonds between the bases of DNA nucleotides D. breaking the bonds between the sugar and phosphate molecules Use the following diagram to answer question Which of the following correctly identifies the parts labelled W, X, Y and Z?

8 13. Which of the following does not affect the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? A. ph B. temperature C. osmotic pressure D. substrate concentration 14. Vitamins act as which of the following in biochemical reactions? A. buffers B. enzymes C. substrates D. coenzymes November 2003 Use the following diagram to answer questions 1 and Which of the following best describes the function of the structure labelled X? A. It produces ATP. B. It produces lipids. C. It produces ribosomal RNA. D. It stores hydrolytic enzymes. 2. Which of the following could be produced at the structure labelled Y? A. rrna B. trna C. testosterone D. hemoglobin 3. What is the function of the nucleolus? A. It produces mrna. B. It produces ribosomal subunits. C. It provides a site for transcription. D. It provides a site for ATP production. Use the following diagram to answer question This unit molecule is a component of which of the following polymers? A. protein B. fatty acid C. nucleic acid D. polysaccharide Use the following diagram to answer question What is the molecule above? A. glucose B. maltose C. cellulose D. glycogen

9 Use the following diagram to answer question What part of the molecule above allows it to serve as the energy currency of cells? A. W B. X C. Y D. Z Use the following diagram to answer question What determines the level of protein structure in the molecule above? A. dehydration synthesis of amino acids B. hydrogen bonding between amino acids C. two or more polypeptides forming the molecule D. covalent bonding between the R-groups of amino acids Use the following diagram to answer question Which of the following molecules is a major structural component of the organelle above? A. starch B. glucose C. neutral fat D. phospholipid 9. What property of water allows it to form hydrogen bonds? A. It has a neutral ph. B. Its molecules are polar. C. It is an excellent solvent. D. Its molecules can dissociate. 10. What is the function of HCO3 - (bicarbonate ion) when it helps to maintain the blood ph at about 7.4? A. to act as a base B. to act as an acid C. to buffer the blood D. to catalyze reactions 11. During which process would adenine bond with thymine but not uracil? A. translation B. replication C. transcription D. dehydration synthesis

10 12. Which of the following is found in RNA but not in DNA? A. ribose B. adenine C. maltose D. phosphate 13. What is the percentage of guanine in a DNA sample containing 20% thymine? A. 10% B. 20% C. 30% D. 40% Use the following diagram to answer question In which organelle does the above process occur? A. nucleus B. nucleolus C. rough endoplasmic reticulum D. smooth endoplasmic reticulum 15. Consider the following portion of an mrna strand: UAC GGG AUA What are the anticodons that will be paired to this strand? A. AT G CCC TAT B. AT A GGG TAC C. AUG CCC UAU D. UAC GGG AUA 16. During transcription, hydrogen bonds form between which of the following? A. amino acid pairs B. mrna and DNA C. mrna and ribosomes D. sugar and phosphate molecules 17. Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of a cell membrane? A. phospholipids floating in a layer of glycoproteins B. cholesterol embedded between a double layer of protein C. a layer of protein molecules between two layers of cellulose D. protein molecules embedded in a double layer of phospholipids 18. Which of the following is an example of osmosis? A. the absorption of water by the large intestine B. the absorption of amino acids by the small intestine C. the movement of carbon dioxide into the blood from the tissues D. the movement of fluids from the glomerulus to Bowman s capsule 19. Which of the following processes results in the production of ADP and phosphate? A. the absorption of water by the large intestine B. the absorption of oxygen into the blood by the alveoli C. the movement of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the blood D. the re-absorption of glucose by the proximal convoluted tubule 20. What process allows chloride ions to move into a cell without the use of energy? A. osmosis B. endocytosis C. active transport D. facilitated transport

11 Use the following diagram to answer question What is the structure labelled X? A. a vesicle B. a glycoprotein C. a phospholipid D. a channel protein 22. What occurs when a cell is placed in a solution that has a higher concentration of solute than its cytoplasm? A. The volume of the cell increases. B. More solute diffuses out of the cell. C. More water leaves the cell than enters the cell. D. The concentration of solute in the cell decreases. 23. How do enzymes increase the rate of a reaction? A. They produce energy. B. They become denatured. C. They produce coenzymes. D. They decrease the energy of activation. 24. Why does maltase hydrolyze maltose but not starch? A. Maltose is a vitamin. B. Starch denatures the tertiary structure of maltase. C. The active site of maltase is complementary to maltose. D. Maltose provides activation energy and starch does not. 25. How are coenzymes involved in enzymatic reactions? A. They provide atoms for the reaction. B. They increase enzyme concentration. C. They provide energy for the reaction. D. They increase substrate concentration. 26. What is the function of thyroxin? A. to cause ovulation B. to increase metabolic rate C. to decrease the rate of digestion D. to control the concentration of sodium ions in the blood Use the following graph to answer question 27.

12 27. The graph shows changes in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. What accounts for the shape of the graph between X and Y? A. There is not enough substrate. B. All the active sites are occupied. C. More coenzyme has been added. D. Heavy metal ions have been added. Use the following diagram to answer question In an experiment, substrate S was added to a beaker containing equal amounts of enzymes E1 to E7. The metabolic pathway in the diagram shows the reactions that occurred. After 15 minutes a competitive inhibitor for E3 is added to the beaker and the reactions continue to completion. What would occur? A. The rate of production of T would increase. B. The rate of production of Z would increase. C. The rate of production of X would increase. D. The rate of production of E4 would decrease. Multiple Choice Answer Key 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. C 19. C January 2003 June 2003 August 2003 November A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. C 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D 13. C 14. D 1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. C 16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. D 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. B The short answer questions and answers can be found on the ministry of education website.

Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond

Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam KEY Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a(n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,

More information

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2.

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2. BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES REVIEW-UNIT 1 1. The factor being tested in an experiment is the A. data. B. variable. C. conclusion. D. observation. 2. A possible explanation for an event that occurs in nature is

More information

BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water.

BIOCHEMISTRY. How Are Macromolecules Formed? Dehydration Synthesis or condensation reaction Polymers formed by combining monomers and removing water. BIOCHEMISTRY Organic compounds Compounds that contain carbon are called organic. Inorganic compounds do not contain carbon. Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds with as

More information

Chapter 3 Review Assignment

Chapter 3 Review Assignment Class: Date: Chapter 3 Review Assignment Multiple Choice 40 MC = 40 Marks Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following organelles produces transport

More information

Do Now Makeups. 4. In which organelle would water and dissolved materials be stored? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5. A. mitochondria B.

Do Now Makeups. 4. In which organelle would water and dissolved materials be stored? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 5. A. mitochondria B. Do Now Makeups Name: Date: 1. Which organelle is primarily concerned with the conversion of potential energy of organic compounds into suitable form for immediate use by the cell? A. mitochondria B. centrosomes

More information

Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

Biological Molecules. Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Biological Molecules Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids Organic Molecules Always contain Carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H) Carbon is missing four electrons Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds

More information

Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam

Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam Biology 12 - Biochemistry Practice Exam Name: Water: 1. The bond between water molecules is a (n) a. ionic bond b. covalent bond c. polar covalent bond d. hydrogen bond 2. The water properties: good solvent,

More information

Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment

Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment Class: Date: Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment Multiple Choice dentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Corn seedlings A student wanted to design an investigation to see

More information

Review Quizzes Chapters 1-5

Review Quizzes Chapters 1-5 Review Quizzes Chapters 1-5 1.Which of the following constitutes the quarternary level of protein structure? a. bonding between side chains of amino acids b. sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

More information

Assignment #1: Biological Molecules & the Chemistry of Life

Assignment #1: Biological Molecules & the Chemistry of Life Assignment #1: Biological Molecules & the Chemistry of Life A. Important Inorganic Molecules Water 1. Explain why water is considered a polar molecule. The partial negative charge of the oxygen and the

More information

/ The following functional group is a. Aldehyde c. Carboxyl b. Ketone d. Amino

/ The following functional group is a. Aldehyde c. Carboxyl b. Ketone d. Amino Section A: Multiple Choice Select the answer that best answers the following questions. Please write your selected choice on the line provided, in addition to circling the answer. /25 1. The following

More information

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life. Chapter 3

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life. Chapter 3 The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent

More information

Biological Molecules

Biological Molecules The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent bonds. Carbon may

More information

WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT?

WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR MICROBIOLOGY WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT? An understanding of chemistry is essential to understand cellular structure and function, which are paramount for your understanding

More information

Essential Components of Food

Essential Components of Food Essential Components of Food The elements of life living things are mostly (98%) made of 6 elements: C carbon H hydrogen O oxygen P phosphorus N nitrogen S sulphur -each element makes a specific number

More information

Organic Molecules. 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1

Organic Molecules. 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1 Organic Molecules 8/27/2004 Mr. Davenport 1 Carbohydrates Commonly called sugars and starches Consist of C, H, O with H:O ration 2:1 Usually classified as to sugar units Monosaccharide are single sugar

More information

Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Carbon. Isomers. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Chapter 3 Framework of biological molecules consists primarily of carbon bonded to Carbon O, N, S, P or H Can form up to 4 covalent bonds Hydrocarbons molecule

More information

Biology 12. Biochemistry. Water - a polar molecule Water (H 2 O) is held together by covalent bonds.

Biology 12. Biochemistry. Water - a polar molecule Water (H 2 O) is held together by covalent bonds. Biology 12 Biochemistry Water - a polar molecule Water (H 2 O) is held together by covalent bonds. Electrons in these bonds spend more time circulating around the larger Oxygen atom than the smaller Hydrogen

More information

Biological Molecules

Biological Molecules Chemical Building Blocks of Life Chapter 3 Biological Molecules Biological molecules consist primarily of -carbon bonded to carbon, or -carbon bonded to other molecules. Carbon can form up to 4 covalent

More information

Biochemistry Name: Practice Questions

Biochemistry Name: Practice Questions Name: Practice Questions 1. Carbohydrate molecules A and B come in contact with the cell membrane of the same cell. Molecule A passes through the membrane readily, but molecule B does not. It is most likely

More information

Biomolecules. Biomolecules. Carbohydrates. Biol 219 Lec 3 Fall Polysaccharides. Function: Glucose storage Fig. 2.2

Biomolecules. Biomolecules. Carbohydrates. Biol 219 Lec 3 Fall Polysaccharides. Function: Glucose storage Fig. 2.2 Biomolecules Biomolecules Monomers Polymers Carbohydrates monosaccharides polysaccharides fatty acids triglycerides Proteins amino acids polypeptides Nucleic Acids nucleotides DNA, RNA Carbohydrates Carbohydrates

More information

Macromolecules. Honors Biology

Macromolecules. Honors Biology Macromolecules onors Biology 1 The building materials of the body are known as macromolecules because they can be very large There are four types of macromolecules: 1. Proteins 2. Nucleic acids 3. arbohydrates

More information

Cell Structure and Function Practice Exam - KEY

Cell Structure and Function Practice Exam - KEY Biology 12 Name: Cell Structure and Function Practice Exam - KEY Cell parts and Function 1. Identify each part of the cell indicated and give one role for each structure in the secretion and/or synthesis

More information

Chapter 2. Chemical Composition of the Body

Chapter 2. Chemical Composition of the Body Chapter 2 Chemical Composition of the Body Carbohydrates Organic molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen General formula C n H 2n O n -ose denotes a sugar molecule Supply energy Glucose Complex

More information

BIOLOGY 12 SAMPLE QUESTIONS

BIOLOGY 12 SAMPLE QUESTIONS BIOLOGY 12 SAMPLE QUESTIONS The following are examples of the cognitive levels: K (), U ( and Application) and H (). It should be noted that cognitive level does not necessarily reflect level of difficulty.

More information

Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules. Biology 12 Unit 2 Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules Inquiry into Life pages 20-44

Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules. Biology 12 Unit 2 Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules Inquiry into Life pages 20-44 Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules Biology 12 Unit 2 Cell Compounds and Biological Molecules Inquiry into Life pages 20-44 Basic Chemistry Matter anything that has mass and volume Element comprises

More information

Biology 12 Cell Structure and Function. Typical Animal Cell

Biology 12 Cell Structure and Function. Typical Animal Cell Biology 12 Cell Structure and Function Typical Animal Cell Vacuoles: storage of materials and water Golgi body: a series of stacked disk shaped sacs. Repackaging centre stores, modifies, and packages proteins

More information

The further from the nucleus, the higher the electron s energy Valence shell electrons participate in biological reactions

The further from the nucleus, the higher the electron s energy Valence shell electrons participate in biological reactions Chemistry of Life Revision: The further from the nucleus, the higher the electron s energy Valence shell electrons participate in biological reactions Atoms exchange electrons with other elements to form

More information

Macromolecules. Molecules of Life

Macromolecules. Molecules of Life Macromolecules Molecules of Life Learning Objectives know the difference between a dehydration synthesis reaction and a hydrolysis reaction know the different types of biological macromolecules be able

More information

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of. Organization. Copyright 2009, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Chapter 2: Organization The Chemical Level of Question Of the following functions, the major propose of RNA is to A. Function in the synthesis of protein. B. Transmit genetic information to offspring.

More information

What are the molecules of life?

What are the molecules of life? Molecules of Life What are the molecules of life? Organic Compounds Complex Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Organic Compounds Carbon- hydrogen based molecules From Structure to Function Ø Carbon

More information

Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules

Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules

More information

3. Hydrogen bonds form between which atoms? Between an electropositive hydrogen and an electronegative N, O or F.

3. Hydrogen bonds form between which atoms? Between an electropositive hydrogen and an electronegative N, O or F. Chemistry of Life Answers 1. Differentiate between an ionic and covalent bond. Provide an example for each. Ionic: occurs between metals and non-metals, e.g., NaCl Covalent: occurs between two non-metals;

More information

Chemistry Regents Review A. A B. B C. C D. D

Chemistry Regents Review A. A B. B C. C D. D hemistry Regents Review Name: ate: 1. Nitrogenous wastes result from the metabolism of 4. Which sugar solution was the first to liberate a measurable volume of O 2?. amino acids. glucose molecules. fatty

More information

All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds:

All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Biochemistry Organic Chemistry All living things are mostly composed of 4 elements: H, O, N, C honk Compounds are broken down into 2 general categories: Inorganic Compounds: Do not contain carbon Organic

More information

The building blocks for this molecule are A) amino acids B) simple sugars C) fats D) molecular bases

The building blocks for this molecule are A) amino acids B) simple sugars C) fats D) molecular bases 1. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. The diagram represents a portion of a starch molecule. The building blocks for this molecule are A)

More information

Macromolecules. Biology

Macromolecules. Biology Macromolecules Biology Intro Video https://vimeo.com/83005599 The Importance of CHNOPS CARBON Major structural atom in all organic molecules. Key component in photosynthesis, returned back to the environment

More information

Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life

Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life Chapter 3 The Molecules of Life State Standards Standard 1.h. Standard 5.a. Standard 4.e. Organic Molecules A cell is mostly water. The rest of the cell consists mostly of carbon based molecules organic

More information

Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name:

Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name: Bio 12 Important Organic Compounds: Biological Molecules NOTES Name: Many molecules of life are.(means many molecules joined together) Monomers: that exist individually Polymers: Large organic molecules

More information

Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES Chapter 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF LARGE BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES You Must Know The role of dehydration synthesis in the formation of organic compounds and hydrolysis in the digestion of organic compounds.

More information

Biology Kevin Dees. Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules

Biology Kevin Dees. Biology Chapter 5. Biological macromolecules Biology Chapter 5 Biological macromolecules Small molecules (like water and NaCl) have certain properties that arise from the bonds which hold atoms together in a particular arrangement. Many of the molecules

More information

Cells. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Euakryotic cells are generally one to one hundred times bigger than prokaryotic cells

Cells. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Euakryotic cells are generally one to one hundred times bigger than prokaryotic cells Cell Theory Cells 1. All living things are composed of one or more cell 2. Cell is the basic unit of life 3. All cells come from the division of pre-existing cells Cells are divided into 2 categories:

More information

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids Is it made of carbohydrates? Organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. A carbohydrate with 6 carbon atoms would have

More information

Macromolecules. 3. There are several levels of protein structure, the most complex of which is A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary

Macromolecules. 3. There are several levels of protein structure, the most complex of which is A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) quaternary Macromolecules 1. If you remove all of the functional groups from an organic molecule so that it has only carbon and hydrogen atoms, the molecule become a molecule. A) carbohydrate B) carbonyl C) carboxyl

More information

Activity: Biologically Important Molecules

Activity: Biologically Important Molecules Activity: Biologically Important Molecules AP Biology Introduction We have already seen in our study of biochemistry that the molecules that comprise living things are carbon-based, and that they are thought

More information

The Carbon Atom (cont.)

The Carbon Atom (cont.) Organic Molecules Organic Chemistry The chemistry of the living world. Organic Molecule a molecule containing carbon and hydrogen Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell and can share electrons with

More information

9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids 9.A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids o o o Food is a good source of one or more of the following: protein,

More information

Organic Molecules. 1. The structural formulas shown represent certain organic compounds found in living cells.

Organic Molecules. 1. The structural formulas shown represent certain organic compounds found in living cells. Name: ate: 1. The structural formulas shown represent certain organic compounds found in living cells. 1. (1) () (3) Which formula represents a monosaccharide? (4) (5). 1.. 3. 5. Which formula represents

More information

6/15/2015. Biological Molecules. Outline. Organic Compounds. Organic Compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules. What is organic?

6/15/2015. Biological Molecules. Outline. Organic Compounds. Organic Compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules. What is organic? Biological Molecules Biology 105 Lecture 3 Reading: Chapter 2 (pages 29 39) Outline Organic Compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Amino Acids and Proteins Nucleotides

More information

Chapter 3- Organic Molecules

Chapter 3- Organic Molecules Chapter 3- Organic Molecules CHNOPS Six of the most abundant elements of life (make up 95% of the weight of all living things)! What are they used for? Structures, enzymes, energy, hormones, DNA How do

More information

Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1

Lesson 2. Biological Molecules. Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Lesson 2 Biological Molecules Introduction to Life Processes - SCI 102 1 Carbon in Biological Molecules Organic molecules contain carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) Example: glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) Inorganic

More information

Chapter 2 The Molecules of Cells Complete using BC Biology 12, pages 20-61

Chapter 2 The Molecules of Cells Complete using BC Biology 12, pages 20-61 Biology 12 Name: KEY Cell Biology Per: Date: Chapter 2 The Molecules of Cells Complete using BC Biology 12, pages 20-61 2.1 Basic Chemistry pages 24-26 1. Only 92 naturally occurring elements serve as

More information

Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes. Unit 02

Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes. Unit 02 Biochemistry Macromolecules and Enzymes Unit 02 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. What is Carbon? Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent bonds

More information

Macromolecules. copyright cmassengale

Macromolecules. copyright cmassengale Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent

More information

Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.

Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Macromolecules Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent

More information

The Cell and Its Chemical Compounds

The Cell and Its Chemical Compounds Cell Theory Cell - The basic unit of structure and function in living things. All of an organism s process or functions are carried out in the cell. Robert Hooke - One of the first people to observe cells

More information

9. At about 0 C., most enzymes are (1.) inactive (2.) active (3.) destroyed (4.) replicated

9. At about 0 C., most enzymes are (1.) inactive (2.) active (3.) destroyed (4.) replicated Study Guide 1. Which of the following enzymes would digest a fat? (1.) sucrase (2.) fatase (3.) protease (4.) lipase 2. At high temperatures, the rate of enzyme action decreases because the increased heat

More information

The Atoms of Life. What are other elements would you expect to be on this list? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes)

The Atoms of Life. What are other elements would you expect to be on this list? Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes) Macromolecules The Atoms of Life The most frequently found atoms in the body are Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Oxygen Phosphorous Sulfur (sometimes) What are other elements would you expect to be on this list?

More information

The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules

The Building blocks of life. Macromolecules The Building blocks of life Macromolecules 1 copyright cmassengale 2 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 3 LIFE ON EARTH IS CARBON-BASED

More information

1. What substance could be represented by the letter X in the diagram below?

1. What substance could be represented by the letter X in the diagram below? 1. What substance could be represented by the letter X in the diagram below? A) carbohydrates B) ozone C) carbon dioxide D) water 2. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below. For

More information

CARBOHYDRATES. Produce energy for living things Atoms? Monomer Examples? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio.

CARBOHYDRATES. Produce energy for living things Atoms? Monomer Examples? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio. CARBOHYDRATES Produce energy for living things Atoms? Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in 1:2:1 ratio Monomer Examples? Sugars, starches MONOSACCHARIDES--- main source of energy for cells Glucose Know formula?

More information

Sample Questions BSC1010C Chapters 5-7

Sample Questions BSC1010C Chapters 5-7 Sample Questions BSC1010C Chapters 5-7 1. Which type of lipid is most important in biological membranes? a. oils b. fats c. wax d. phospholipids e. triglycerides 2. Which type of interaction stabilizes

More information

Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors.

Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Biochemistry II Most life processes are a series of chemical reactions influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Metabolism the sum of all biochemical processes 2 Metabolic Processes Anabolism-

More information

Carbon. Carbon. Carbon Skeleton 8/25/2016. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Carbon. Carbon. Carbon Skeleton 8/25/2016. The Chemical Building Blocks of Life The Chemical Building Blocks of Life Carbon Life as we know it is carbon-based. Biological molecules are built on a carbon skeleton. Small atom with a valence of 4. Carbon Can form up to 4 covalent bonds.

More information

Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds

Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds Chapter 2 Part 3: Organic and Inorganic Compounds Objectives: 1) List the major groups of inorganic chemicals common in cells. 2) Describe the functions of various types of inorganic chemicals in cells.

More information

Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates

Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates Organic Compounds: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates include sugars and starches Contain the elements C,H,O (H & O ratio like water, 2 H s to 1O), ex. glucose C 6 H 12 O 6 Word means hydrated carbon Classified

More information

Biology 5A Fall 2010 Macromolecules Chapter 5

Biology 5A Fall 2010 Macromolecules Chapter 5 Learning Outcomes: Macromolecules List and describe the four major classes of molecules Describe the formation of a glycosidic linkage and distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

More information

From Atoms to Cells: Fundamental Building Blocks. Models of atoms. A chemical connection

From Atoms to Cells: Fundamental Building Blocks. Models of atoms. A chemical connection From Atoms to Cells: A chemical connection Fundamental Building Blocks Matter - all materials that occupy space & have mass Matter is composed of atoms Atom simplest form of matter not divisible into simpler

More information

DNA and Protein Synthesis Practice

DNA and Protein Synthesis Practice Biology 12 DNA and Protein Synthesis Practice Name: 1. DNA is often called the "code of life". Actually it contains the code for a) the sequence of amino acids in a protein b) the sequence of base pairs

More information

Human Anatomy & Physiology

Human Anatomy & Physiology PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Barbara Heard, Atlantic Cape Community College Ninth Edition Human Anatomy & Physiology C H A P T E R 3 Annie Leibovitz/Contact Press Images 2013 Pearson Education,

More information

(impermeable; freely permeable; selectively permeable)

(impermeable; freely permeable; selectively permeable) BIOL 2457 CHAPTER 3 Part 1 SI 1 1. A is the basic structure of life. 2. The gelatinous inside of the cell is called the. 3. Name the structure that increases the cell s surface area? 4. Name the structure

More information

Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O

Molecule - two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. Ex. = water, H O ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? ORGANIC CHEMISTRY NOTES Why study carbon? * All of life is built on carbon * Cells are made up of about 72% water 3% salts (NaCl, and K) 25% carbon compounds which

More information

Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes

Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes Honors Biology Chapter 3: Macromolecules PPT Notes 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon

More information

Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules.

Organic Compounds. Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. Macromolecules 1 Organic Compounds Compounds that contain CARBON are called organic. Macromolecules are large organic molecules. 2 Carbon (C) Carbon has 4 electrons in outer shell. Carbon can form covalent

More information

A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules

A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Molecules Biological Substances found in Living Tissues Lecture Series 3 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function A. Lipids: Water-Insoluble Lipids can form large biological molecules, but these aggregations

More information

Test Review Worksheet 1 Name: Per:

Test Review Worksheet 1 Name: Per: Test Review Worksheet 1 Name: Per: 1. Put the following in order according to blood flow through the body, starting with the lungs: Lungs, right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta,

More information

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES. Although many inorganic compounds are essential to life, the vast majority of substances in living things are organic compounds.

BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES. Although many inorganic compounds are essential to life, the vast majority of substances in living things are organic compounds. BIOLOGY 12 BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES NAME: Although many inorganic compounds are essential to life, the vast majority of substances in living things are organic compounds. ORGANIC MOLECULES: Organic molecules

More information

CELLS. Cells. Basic unit of life (except virus)

CELLS. Cells. Basic unit of life (except virus) Basic unit of life (except virus) CELLS Prokaryotic, w/o nucleus, bacteria Eukaryotic, w/ nucleus Various cell types specialized for particular function. Differentiation. Over 200 human cell types 56%

More information

Organic Molecules Worksheet: Read through each section and answer the following questions.

Organic Molecules Worksheet: Read through each section and answer the following questions. Name: Date: Period: Organic Molecules Worksheet: Read through each section and answer the following questions. Organic molecules are the molecules that exist in all living things. They are life s building

More information

9/16/15. Properties of Water. Benefits of Water. More properties of water

9/16/15. Properties of Water. Benefits of Water. More properties of water Properties of Water Solid/Liquid Density Water is densest at 4⁰C Ice floats Allows life under the ice Hydrogen bond Ice Hydrogen bonds are stable Liquid water Hydrogen bonds break and re-form Benefits

More information

the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids

the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids the nature and importance of biomacromolecules in the chemistry of the cell: synthesis of biomacromolecules through the condensation reaction lipids and their sub-units; the role of lipids in the plasma

More information

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all

More information

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials.

What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. What is an atom? An atom is the smallest component of all living and nonliving materials. It is composed of protons (+), neutrons (0), and electrons (-). The Periodic Table Elements are composed of all

More information

Cell Biology. A few notes: Biological Molecules. Mono = one Monomer = one piece. Poly = many Polymer = many pieces

Cell Biology. A few notes: Biological Molecules. Mono = one Monomer = one piece. Poly = many Polymer = many pieces Cell Biology Biological Molecules A few notes: Mono = one Monomer = one piece - a basic building block - able to bond into long chains Poly = many Polymer = many pieces - many molymers 1 Polymerization

More information

2.2 Properties of Water

2.2 Properties of Water 2.2 Properties of Water I. Water s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth. A. Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water. B. Water is a polar molecule. 1. Polar molecules have slightly charged regions

More information

AMERICAN NATIONAL SCHOOL General Certificate of Education Advanced Level

AMERICAN NATIONAL SCHOOL General Certificate of Education Advanced Level MERIN NTIONL SHOOL General ertificate of Education dvanced Level IOLOGY 9700/01 Paper 1 Multiple hoice lass 1 dditional Materials: Multiple hoice nswer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type or H is

More information

Biological Molecules. Biol 105 Reading Chapter 2 (pages 31 39)

Biological Molecules. Biol 105 Reading Chapter 2 (pages 31 39) Biological Molecules Biol 105 Reading Chapter 2 (pages 31 39) Outline Organic compounds - definition Functional Groups Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids (DNA, RNA) Organic

More information

INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 3.1 I can explain why carbon is unparalleled in its ability to form large, diverse molecules. Diverse molecules found in cells are composed of carbon bonded to other elements

More information

C) amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the animal B) rate of respiration of the animal

C) amount of carbon dioxide absorbed by the animal B) rate of respiration of the animal Name: 1) A model of a section of a cell membrane is represented below. 4034-1 - Page 1 Which type of molecule is indicated by the arrow? A) carbohydrate B) protein C) lipid D) nucleotide 2) The movement

More information

Macro molecule = is all the reactions that take place in cells, the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism Anabolism:

Macro molecule = is all the reactions that take place in cells, the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism Anabolism: Macromolecule Macro molecule = molecule that is built up from smaller units The smaller single subunits that make up macromolecules are known as Joining two or more single units together form a M is all

More information

Outline. Biology 105: Biological Molecules. Carbon Review. Organic Compounds. Carbon 1/28/2016. Biological Molecules Functional Groups

Outline. Biology 105: Biological Molecules. Carbon Review. Organic Compounds. Carbon 1/28/2016. Biological Molecules Functional Groups Outline Biology 105: Biological Molecules Lecture 3 Reading: Chapter 2, Pages 29-40 Organic Compounds Functional Groups Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Amino acids and Proteins Nucleotides and

More information

Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function

Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules

More information

In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question.

In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. CHAPTER 3 TEST Cell Structure Circle T if the statement is true or F if it is false. T F 1. Small cells can transport materials and information more quickly than larger cells can. T F 2. Newly made proteins

More information

3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World

3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World BIOL 100 Ch. 3 1 3.1 Carbon is Central to the Living World Carbon Central element to life Most biological molecules are built on a carbon framework. Organic molecules Humans 18.5% Carbon Why is Carbon

More information

Molecules of Life. Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

Molecules of Life. Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Molecules of Life Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Molecules of Life All living things are composed of the following basic elements: Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Phosphorous Sulfur Remember

More information

Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function

Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Lecture Series 2 Macromolecules: Their Structure and Function Reading Assignments Read Chapter 4 (Protein structure & Function) Biological Substances found in Living Tissues The big four in terms of macromolecules

More information

Chapter 3: Macromolecules. 1. Carbohydrates. Polysaccharides. Maltose is a disaccharide. Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules are polymers

Chapter 3: Macromolecules. 1. Carbohydrates. Polysaccharides. Maltose is a disaccharide. Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules are polymers Chapter 3: Macromolecules Macromolecules is just a fancy word for: Giant Molecules Made From Smaller Building Blocks Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Macromolecules (in general) Most macromolecules

More information

Biological Molecules Ch 2: Chemistry Comes to Life

Biological Molecules Ch 2: Chemistry Comes to Life Outline Biological Molecules Ch 2: Chemistry Comes to Life Biol 105 Lecture 3 Reading Chapter 2 (pages 31 39) Biological Molecules Carbohydrates Lipids Amino acids and Proteins Nucleotides and Nucleic

More information

Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl.

Organic Chemistry. Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Chemistry Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. Biochemistry is the study of carbon compounds that crawl. Organic Compounds - have carbon bonded to other atoms and determine structure/function

More information