A Good Start is a Golden Finish

Transcription

1 A Good Start is a Golden Finish Optimising production through nutrition - Feeding sows and piglets to reach genetic potential Simon Tibble Global Species Technology Specialist Swine 1

2 Presentation Plan Challenges to Post Weaning Performance The Importance of a GOLDEN Start Maximise early post weaning growth The Importance of Weight for Age Birth Weight Weaning Weight Weight at 20 days Post weaning Targeted Nutrition to Maximise Profit 2

3 Introduction Number of piglets weaned has increased significantly Piglet weaning weights have decreased significantly Sow parity profile has decreased Total born Born alive Weaned Year 3

4 Sow Milk Production limits Piglet Growth Pre / Post weaning Milk production is not sufficient to maximise piglet potential Artificial Sow Period (days) Harrel, Boyd

5 Effect of Increased Litter Size

6 DLWG g/day Influence of parity origen on piglet performance Post Weaning Milk production is not sufficient to maximise piglet potential *** *** *** Gilts Multiparous 0 DLWG days DLWG days DLWG days PigChamp

7 DLWG to Slaughter 7 Effect of DLWG Post Weaning on DLWG in the Finisher Phase Piglets that grow the fastest post weaning, GROW the fastest to slaughter. 0.9 R 2 =25% DLWG Post Weaning Provimi Research 2001

8 Factors effecting Survival and Growth Rate of Piglets Rate of gain 0-13 days after weaning Survival from 26 days until 150 days Birth Wt Vitality Score Time until 1st milk intake Rectal temp (60mins after birth) + ++ hrs hrs Teat Order + + Weaning Wt Time till first meal after weaning

9 Challenges to Piglet Performance Genetic Advancement Larger Litters Smaller Piglets Parity Profile Sow Milk Production Digestive system maturation Transition from liquid sows milk to dry feed 9

10 Presentation Plan Challenges to Post Weaning Performance The Importance of a GOLDEN Start Maximise early post weaning growth The Importance of Weight for Age Birth Weight Weaning Weight Weight at 20 days Post weaning Targeted Nutrition to Maximise Profit 10

11 Live weight(kg) Growth Post Weaning Influences Life Time Performance < >230 Gain 0-8d post-weaning Tokach

12 Analysis of Factors to Predict Piglet Body Wt at end of the Nursery Phase A total of 77,868 piglets were analysed from 3 data sets between 2005 to Piglet data was analysed from 3 research centres: Swine Innovation Centre Sterksel Netherlands 330 Gyorkshire x Dutch landrace Sows X Dutch landrace x Tempo Sires Nutreco Swine Research Centre Netherlands 155 Hypor Sows X Topigs or Hypor Sires IFIP Research Centre France LW x LD sows X Pietran x LW sires Paredes

13 Analysis of Factors to Predict Piglet Body Wt at end of the Nursery Phase BW at end of the nursery was mainly correlated to Sex (P< 0,001) Birth Wt (P< 0,001) Weaning Wt (P< 0,001) BW at 6wks of age (P< 0,001) Season (P< 0,001) These variables explained 70% of the overall variation at end of the nursery phase. 30% of the variation in the performance at slaughter wt (110kg) was explained by the differences in BW at the end of the nursery phase. Correlation between slaughter Wt and Wt at the end of the nursery was over 10% higher when compared to the correlation of slaughter Wt to Weaning Wt. Paredes

14 Benefits of a GOLDEN START in Commercial Conditions Weaner Period Correlation Grower / Finish Feed Efficiency 0,3353 Feed Efficiency 0,2861 DLWG DLWG % Mortality 0,2491 % Mortality Comments: A good converison in weaner phase, leads to a good converison in the fattenening phase. Growth rate is positively correlated. High mortlaity in weaner phase predisposes to a high mortality in fattening SIP / Provimi

15 Return on Investment The True Cost of Piglet Feeds 0,2 0, Weaner Grower 1 Grower 2 Finisher Grower 2 Pre-Starter Starter Starter 2 BUT determines 30% of the variation in growth until slaughter 15

16 The Importance of Early Growth Post Weaning Early Post Weaning growth is a reflection of the adaptation process from Sows Milk to Solid Feed Post Weaning performance explains 30% of the variation in growth through to Slaughter Post Weaning Piglet feed programmes represent approximately 6% of the Total feed cost 16

17 Presentation Plan Challenges to Post Weaning Performance The Importance of a GOLDEN Start Maximise early post weaning growth The Importance of Weight for Age Birth Weight Weaning Weight Weight at 20 days Post weaning Targeted Nutrition to Maximise Profit 17

18 Effect of Birth Weight on Life Time performance Difference of BW, kg Difference of BW at weaning and at beginning of the fattening period Difference of age at 105 kg BW (Age at 105 kg BW) (At weaning) 6 (Beginning of the fattening period) kg 1.4 kg 2.0 kg Birth weight Age at105 kg BW, d Quiniou,

19 What does Weaning Weight Signify? Weight dispersion is MORE important than average Weaning Weight Weaned at 21 days of Age 20 A B 15 A+B= 54% % < ,5 5 5,5 6 6,5 7 7,5 8 8,5 9> kg/pig Consolidated Nutrition

20 DM Kg Piglet Dry Matter Requirements DM Req Milk Age (days) They start to eat according to their ability and continue according to their need. 20

21 Benefit of Creep Feeding The benefit of Creep feeding is in the maturation of the piglet digestive system Creep feed eating status Early-eaters Late-eaters Non-eaters Naïve SEM N pens BW, kg weaning d a a b a ADG 584a 560a 517b 564a 12.4 ADFI 923a 872ab 785bc 852b 18.6 FCR Feed intake Pre Weaning boosts Post Weaning Feed Intake 28% E.eaters, 61% late eaters, 11% non eaters Guillou

22 Effect of pre Weaning Feed intake on Weight variation at end of the nursey phase Consumption of solid feed pre weaning, leads to less variation at the end of the nursery phase Feed intake Pre Weaning boosts Post Weaning Feed Intake 28% E.eaters, 61% late eaters, 11% non eaters Guillou

23 When to start Creep Feeding? Start early to maximise benefit Starting too late reduces performance Duration of creep feeding DLWG, g pre Weaning Day Day Feacal Quality 4.25 b 4.75 b 6.20 ab 9.80 a Yan

24 DLWG Weaing 14 days P W Effect of early consumption on Future Consumption y = x R²= Feed Intake Between Weaning and 4 days after weaning Provimi

25 The percentage of piglets consuming Creep feed (introduced at 10 days of age) at 18,21,25 days of age according to their position at the udder. Age (days) Piglet Teat Position Front Middle Back 18 7 % 5 % 12 % % 13 % 21 % % 35 % 42 % Sola

26 Creep Feed benefits early and late weaned Piglets Bruininx 2002 Sulabo 2008

27 Diet Quality Influences Creep intake Subalo 2009

28 Effect of early consumption on Future Consumption Eaters Makkink 1993 Non Eaters Trypsin activity/g jejunum Total trypsin activitity in jejunum Optimising Pre Weaning Feed Intake accelerates digestive development 29

29 RescuePig 30

30 RescuePig Characteristics Put surplus piglets on from day 3 of life Put piglets on that stay behind form day 4 7 of life Way to avoid foster mothers. better internal bio-security Less non-productive days of the sows Less body condition loss of these sows Better fertility of sows in the next cycle Piglets on the Rescue Decks even outperform piglets suckling the sow No of piglets Total weight on day 29 (kg) Average weight on day 29 (kg) Total incl. Rescue deck piglets ,3 Total excl. Rescue deck piglets ,2 Total Rescue deck piglets ,5 31

31 Weight (kg) Feed intake (gr. dry matter) Cum. feed intake (gram/piglet) Effect of Introducing a Liquid Prestarter (Smooth) Pre Weaning on Post Weaning Piglet Performance Cumulative feed intake per piglet weaned at 20 days Milk replacer + Liquid prestarter Dry prestarter Provimi & Bröring 2013 Age (days after birth) Weight development of piglets weaned at 20 days, fed dry prestarter or Liquid prestarter Dry prestarter Liquid prestarter Cumulative feed intake postweaning Dry feed post weaning birth weaning (20 days) delivery Provimi & Bröring

32 The Importance of Weight for Age Optimise Piglet Weight at each productive stage to minimize variation and maximise growth Develop Feeding strategies that stimulate Pre Weaning Feed intake and gut maturation. Creep Feeding Supplementing Sows Milk Rescue Pig Concept 33

33 Presentation Plan Challenges to Post Weaning Performance The Importance of a GOLDEN Start Maximise early post weaning growth The Importance of Weight for Age Birth Weight Weaning Weight Weight at 20 days Post weaning Targeted Nutrition to Maximise Profit 34

34 Development Post Weaning Growth curve (gram/day) Practice Ideal Age (weeks) 1. Less sow milk lack of energy 2. Low feed intake weaning dip 3. Over eating Scouring 4. Compensator y growth Oedema disease 35

35 Nutritional Principles for a Successful Weaning ( Weaning till 10 wks) -1- Design a diet containing highly digestible raw materials that compliment the immature digestive system of the piglet, whilst stimulating consumption to help in gut maturation. -2- Maximise consumption to ensure the piglet consumes sufficient energy and nutrients to avoid the mobilisation of body reserves. -3- Adjust the piglets to a simple and relatively lower cost diet as quickly as possible COMPLEMENT STIMULAR MAXIMISE APPLIED NUTRITION 36

36 Daily food intake, g Development of Feed Intake Post Weaning Effect of Weaning Weight Days after weaning Light-weight Middle-weight Heavy-weight The Heaviest piglets take the longest time to initiate feeding Post Weaning! Bruininx et al

37 Who initiates Feeding Post Weaning? Reynolds

38 % Piglets Digestibility Effects Weight Distribution 24 days Post Weaning ,5 12,5 13,5 14,5 15,5 16,5 17,5 18,5 Weight (kg) Provimi

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40 Visits Gruel / Porridge Feeding Day Provimi LATAM

41 Gruel / Porridge Feeding (1 st Week Post Weaning) Stimulates consumption, Piglet does not need to learn new Feed and water sources % Control % Weaning + / DaysWeaning + 28 Days 42

42 Conclusion A Good Start is a Golden Finish 43

43 Piglet Feeding : Small Piglets Select the 15-20% smallest piglets for Targeted Nutrition Offer a higher quality, digestible feed for longer period Offer Feed post weaning in Gruel / Soup format to stimulate consumption Develop Feeding programmes based upon kg of feed / Piglet weight Budget Feeding 44

44 Piglet Feeding : Big Piglets Are slower at initiating feed intake Post Weaning Are more accustomed to sows milk and have little experience of solid feed Have higher energy reserves and so can last longer without eating High potential for lost growth and so Starve Outs Develop Feeding programmes based upon kg of feed / Piglet weight Budget Feeding 45

45 Conclusions Develop feeding programmes, concepts based upon Targeted Nutrition obtaining the best return in performance from those piglets that require nutritional support. Supplemental Milk Creep Feeding Split Weaning Rescue Concept The lower the feed intake and growth post weaning, the lower the growth rate to slaughter. Once growth is lost before or/and after weaning, the lost lean growth cannot be recuperated! Copyright Use Feed Cargill, Incorporated Programmes All rights reserved. based upon kg per piglet Budget Feeding 46

46 However some of these small piglets appear to have the capacity to compensate for low BW at birth, suggesting that there needs to be renewed focus in the earlier stages of production to maximise post natal growth of low weight pigs Identification of the Risk Factors Associated with Poor Post Weaning Performance Douglas, Edwards, Kyriazakis

47 Thank you for Your attention