Fatty acids are to your brain & body what calcium is to your bones; or what protein is to muscle.

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B Healthcare Provider: Lawrence Lyons Date of Assessment: 10/02/2017 Office Address: 1950 East 17th Street #235, Lab Processing Date: 10/10/2017 Santa Ana, CA 92075 Barcode ID: HCP-09729 Office Phone

Xample Your blood results included in this report provide the foundation for your entire health and wellness, resilience to disease, and optimal performance of every organ system. Why is that?

1 B Healthcare Provider: Lawrence Lyons Date of Assessment: 10/02/2017 Office Address: 1950 East 17th Street #235, Lab Processing Date: 10/10/2017 Santa Ana, CA Barcode ID: HCP Office Phone Number: (714) Patient Name: E. Xample Your blood results included in this report provide the foundation for your entire health and wellness, resilience to disease, and optimal performance of every organ system. Why is that? The few droplets of blood from your card contains about 1 billion of your red blood cells, which were carefully analyzed in our lab for the optimal chemical composition. Over the past 3 months, the chemical makeup of these cells was determined by your diet. These cells from your blood accurately represent the composition of the trillions of cells in your body; including the 100+ billion in your brain. Together, these cells form your 12 organ systems such as the circulatory, digestive, immune, nervous, musculoskeletal, and so on. Therefore, by analyzing your blood spot sample, we have a very accurate window into the health of every major organ system in your body. Fatty acids are to your brain & body what calcium is to your bones; or what protein is to muscle. So what do we mean by the right chemical composition of a cell? In brief, it means having the optimal levels of fundamental building blocks to each cell, called essential fatty acids. These give every cell its proper shape, function and ability to fight disease. Most people in the United States, without knowing, have major imbalances in essential fatty acids - due to the way that we eat and grow food today. But there is good news. Once we measure your fatty acid levels, we can recommend simple steps to quickly optimize them. Improving your cell health - results in a better working body and brain - which results in a longer and more fulfilling life. The Cognitive Function Test: If you gradually noticed you were having trouble reading road signs on your way to work, you would probably schedule an appointment to have your eyes checked. However, when it comes to our brain function, early detection of problems can be difficult due to our brain's ability to compensate for weaknesses. Based on science, we know that most brain functions diminish over time starting in our 40's and 50's. But we also know that this age related decline can be largely slowed or even prevented with simple choices we make every day. Small improvements in brain function today can add years to your quality of life as you age. In the cognitive assessment, we provided you with several challenges and then compared your brain function with the largest, most scientifically validated brain health datbase in the world. Your results below provide you with information on how your brain is currently functioning based on your age and gender. By knowing your baseline scores, tracking your results over time, and following the recomendations below, you can improve your brain performance, slow the natural cognitive decline process, and enhance the quality of your life. By repeating this assessment over time, you will have new insights into the most powerful organ of all, your brain. Whether young or old, student or business executive, the awareness and action steps you receive from this test will have direct benefits to your life; including your career, school, sport, and even relationships. Your journey of health starts here and we are grateful you chose this tool to help provide a roadmap to maximize your longevity and quality of life.

N Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP-09729 Assessment Date: 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 BrainSpan Cellular Health Assessment Your results below quantify the health of the trillions of

This report provides you with personalized recommendations to improve and track your results as you age.

Therefore, follow-up testing in 3 months is necessary to help achieve and maintain optimal cell health.

composition of all cells throughout your body and brain.

2 N Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date: 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 BrainSpan Cellular Health Assessment Your results below quantify the health of the trillions of cells in your body and the functional connectivity of your brain. Proper cell function is the foundation of your resilience to disease and the optimal performance of every organ system in your body. This report provides you with personalized recommendations to improve and track your results as you age. Your diet, genetic factors, and lifestyle changes can slowly alter your cell composition every 90 days. Therefore, follow-up testing in 3 months is necessary to help achieve and maintain optimal cell health. Your Last Assessment This Assessment 10/02/2017 Your Next Assessment Blood Test Summary: The below graphs measure the levels of critical fatty acids inside your blood cells and reflects the composition of all cells throughout your body and brain. Getting to the green zone in each index below and staying there as you age, slows down the effects of aging, reduces inflammation/pain, improves metabolism/weight, improves hormonal regulation, enhances brain function, and helps prevent chronic diseases such as: diabetes, heart disease, cancer and Alzheimer's Disease. Cognitive Function Summary: The cognitive function assessment is powered by the Brain Resource International Database, the world's largest, international, integrated, standardized brain health database. Your results are compared to carefully screened controls of your same age and gender. Your results reflect the functional capacity and efficiency of the nerve cells that control your memory, attention, and processing speed. Optimizing these cognitive functions helps you stay sharp over your entire lifespan BrainSpan, LLC I Lab Director Brad Randall, MD. CLIA# 43D OmegaQuant, LLC I I Page 1

LABORATORIES Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP-09729 Assessment Date: 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 @ Omega- Index _ Are you getting enough Omega 3s.

These are the building blocks of the brain and are crucial molecules that determine the brain's integrity and ability to perform.

3 LABORATORIES Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date: 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: Omega- Index _ Are you getting enough Omega 3s. 7 0% 4% 8% 12%+ Deficient Insufficient Sufficient Optimal ' YOUR OMEGA-3 INDEX: The human brain is nearly 60 percent fat with the majority being Omega-3 fatty acids. These are the building blocks of the brain and are crucial molecules that determine the brain's integrity and ability to perform. Omega-3s cannot be made by your body, so it is critical to obtain them by eating fish or taking fish oil. However, when it comes to Omega-3s, the most important factor is how much is being absorbed by your blood cells. Consistently measuring your Omega-3 Index is the only way to maintain optimal levels. An Omega-3 Index over 8% is associated with improved memory, attention, learning, mood staibility, faster recovery from concussion as well as lower anxiety, depression, and inflammation. Additionally, tracking your Omega-3 Index over time is one of the most important ways to help prevent alzheimer's disease, cognitive decline, and inflammatory disease. Omega-3s are to your brain cells what calcium is to your bones; or what protein is to your muscles. RESEARCH & ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS: The graph below shows how your Omega-3 level compares to current research studies. Research has associated LOWER Omega-3 Index Scores with: Higher Risk of Dementia & Stroke [1.2,3J Decreased Short-Term Memory [4,5J ADHD & Slower Learning [6.7,8! Increased Stress & Anxiety [ Research has associated HIGHER Omega-3 Index Scores with: Up to 47% Lower Risk of Dementia [11 Improved Short-Term Memory [4.51 Better Focus & Learning at School [6,7,8J Improved Mood & Lower Anxiety [ PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS: To achieve an Omega-3 Index above 8% within 3 months, you will need to do one of the following: Eat a 3 oz. serving of oily fish (Salmon, Herring, Bluefin) at least 2 times per day i Take a high quality Omega-3 supplement with 3,000 milligrams of combined EPA & DHA per day Ask your doctor to recommend a quality Omega-3 supplement that has demonstrated a high level of cellular absorption. The most important factor is how much EPA and OHA is absorbed into your blood cells. How it gets there (fish or supplements) really doesn't matter, as long as its absorbed. ONLY choose high quality Omega-3 supplements with both EPA & OHA (from fish). Omega-3 supplements with ALA (from plants) will have little effect improving your cell health or your Omega-3 Index. See Appendix A of this report for information on how to choose quality Omega-3 supplements BrainSpan, LLC I Lab Director Brad Randall, MD. CLIA# 43D OmegaQuant, LLC I I Page 2

4 B Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 Q Cell Inflammation Balance How inflammatory is your diet? > Inflammatory Moderate Risk Optimal YOUR CELL INFLAMMATION INDEX: The majority of people in the United States have major imbalances in fatty acids due to the way we eat and grow our food. We have a significant deficiency of Omega-3s (from fish) in our diet and a significant excess of Omega-Gs (from corn, soy, vegetable oils, and processed foods). The fatty acids in your cell membrane are a reflection of the average fatty acids in your diet over the last 90 days. However, Omega-Gs tend to increase inflammation whereas Omega-3s tend to decrease inflammation. Balancing these fatty acids is foundational to properly regulating your body's inflammatory response. Everyone should track their dietary balance of pro-inflammatory Omega-Gs to anti-inflammatory Omega-3s. A ratio of 6 or less Omega-Gs to every 1 Omega-3 is essential to properly balancing inflammation, modulating pain receptors, and regulating immune system function. RESEARCH & ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS: The graph below shows how your Inflammation Index compares to current research studies. Research has associated a HIGHER Ratio of Cellular AA to EPA with: High Inflammatory Response (12.13,14,15] Increased Pain Response [16.17] Hormone/Immune Dysfunction [18,19,20J e Higher Risk of Cancer/Disease ( ] Research has associated a LOWER Ratio of Cellular AA to EPA with: Lower Inflammation Levels (12.13,14,15] Reduced Chronic Pain [16,17] Hormones/Immune Regulation [18,19,20J Lower Risk of Cancer/Disease ( ] PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS: To Improve your Cell Inflammation Index within 3 months, you will need to do the following: , Increasing your intake of anti-inflammatory Omega-3s EPA & DHA is the fastest, most efficient way to improve your inflammation ratio. Processed foods are high in pro-inflammatory Omega-Gs. Reducing these foods will help balance your inflammation ratio. Grass fed meat is higher in Omega-3s. Grain fed meat is high in Omega-Gs. Eating grass fed meat will improve your ratio. Replace commonly used vegetable oils with healthier alternatives such as olive, macadamia nut, or hioleic sunflower oils BrainSpan, LLC I Lab Director: Brad Randall, MD. CLIA#: 43D OmegaQuant, LLC I I Page 3

B Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP-09729 Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 0 C ar b o h y d rate I n d ex 29% 25% 21% 17% Is your body burning or stonng fat?

management (leptin and insulin). Maintaining an optimal Carbohydrate Index helps improve your metabolism, increase your energy, and keep your body in fat burning mode.

5 B Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 0 C ar b o h y d rate I n d ex 29% 25% 21% 17% Is your body burning or stonng fat? Excessive Optimal YOUR CARBOHYDRATE INDEX: Excessive carbohydrate intake is associated with alterations within the cell that can suppress the proper signaling of hormones critical to weight management (leptin and insulin). Maintaining an optimal Carbohydrate Index helps improve your metabolism, increase your energy, and keep your body in fat burning mode. Your brain communicates with your fat cells throughout your body using leptin signaling. Similar to how a thermostat turns on and off the air to keep the temperature in your house stable, leptin communicates to your cells to burn or store fat. When proper leptin signaling occurs, the brain properly stimulates a feeling of "full", increases energy, and starts burning body fat. When leptin signaling is suppressed, the brain stays in "hungry" mode, lowers energy output, and stores body fat. RESEARCH & ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS: The graph below shows how your Carbohydrate Index compares to current research studies. Research has associated HIGHER Cell Membrane Palmitic Acid with: Increased Feeling of Hunger [24J Lower Energy Levels [24,25,26] Increased Storage of Body Fat [26J Risk of Metabolic Syndrome [25,27,28] Research has associated LOWER Cell Membrane Palmitic Acid with: Proper Senstivity to Feeling Full [24J Increased Energy Levels [24,25,26] Optimal Metabolism/Fat Burning [26J Normalized Leptin & Insulin [25,27,28] PERSONALIZED RECOMMENDATIONS: To Improve your Cell Toxicity Index within 3 months, you will need to do the following:,< t Increasing Omega-3s Reduce your Eat smaller, low Increase exercise so EPA & DHA helps the consumption of simple glycemic meals more that your body uses body digest and process carbs (sugars) so they frequently throughout more calories and does saturated fats more don't convert to palmitic the day to stabilize not convert as much efficiently so they don't acid and store up in your blood sugar glucose to palmitic acid store in your cells. your cells. production. for storage BrainSpan, LLC I Lab Director: Brad Randall, MD. CLIA#: 43D OmegaQuant, LLC I I Page 4

B Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP-09729 Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 A Memory Capacity Working & Recognition Memory Tests 2 Poor Range 3 4 5 Low Range 6 7+ Expected

6 B Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 A Memory Capacity Working & Recognition Memory Tests 2 Poor Range Low Range 6 7+ Expected Range What This Score Means to You On the memory capacity test, you scored a 5 out of 10 based on your age and gender. This is considered to be in the LOW range. Working memory is the process whereby your brain is able to temporarily store information in the moment and recall it when you need it. Poor working memory may be associated with nutritional deficits in the cells of the hippocampus - the part of the brain that stores memories. Poor working memory scores may suggest brain cell nutrient deficiencies, inflammation, insufficient neuronal connections, or poor quality sleep. How to Improve Your Memory Capacity../ Getting all three of your blood cell biomarkers into the green zone can optimize your working memory.../ Phosphatidylserine has been shown to enhance memory for words, faces, names, and numbers, and supports brain health across the lifespan.../ Quality sleep is necessary to consolidate memories so that they can be recalled in the future.../ Vitamin D - research shows that memory decline up to 300% faster in individuals with low levels of vitamin D. Only use a quality supplement with high cellular absorption.../ Aerobic exercise has been shown to boost the size of the hippocampus, the brain area involved in memory.../ Sage is excellent for better brain functioning and boosting memory recall Sustained Attention Sustained Attention Tests Poor Range Low Range Expected Range What This Score Means to You On the sustained attention test, you scored a 8 out of 10 based on your age and gender. This is considered to be in the EXPECTED range. To efficiently sustain your attention and 'tune out' competing distractions, your brain must produce specific neurotransmitters. However, your brain requires adequate nutrients to create these neurotransmitters. Attentional problems may be associated with deficiencies in the pre-frontal region of the brain, which controls selective attention, impulsivity, and motivation. These impairments may be caused from nutrient deficiencies, stress, or inflammation. How to Improve Your Sustained Attention../ Getting all three of your blood cell biomarkers into the green zone can optimize your sustained attention.../ Consume a good amount of protein each day. Proteins contain the amino acids that your brain needs in order to create dopamine and improve attention.../ Vitamin B6 with Magnesium supports attention by helping your brain cells to produce key neurotransmitters vital to sustaining attention.../ Sleep quality and quantity is essential to sustained attention.../ Zinc provides the brain with antioxidant protection and helps produce the sleep hormone melatonin. Zinc has consistently enhanced attention and behavior in clinical trials.../ Cinnamon has been shown to help attention and it helps regulate blood sugar All Rights Reserved, BrainSpan, LLC I I Page 5

B LABORATORIES Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP-09729 Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 8 Flexible Attention 1 2 3 4 5 6 7+ Switching of Attention Test Poor Range Low Range

Flexible attention is your capacity to rapidly adapt your thinking based on new information and not get stuck in compulsive behavior.

7 B LABORATORIES Example Name DOB: 05/07/58 Serial# HCP Assessment Date 10/02/17 Lab Processing Date: 10/10/17 8 Flexible Attention Switching of Attention Test Poor Range Low Range Expected Range What This Score Means to You On the flexible attention test, you scored a 2.5 out of 10 based on your age and gender. This is considered to be in the POOR range. Flexible attention is your capacity to rapidly adapt your thinking based on new information and not get stuck in compulsive behavior. Your brain must be able to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections. Poor flexible attention scores may be due to a decreased production of the neurotransmitters serotonin and GABA. How to Improve Flexible Attention../ Getting all three of your blood cell biomarkers into the green zone can optimize your flexible attention.../ Meditation - research has shown that mindfulness meditation can significantly enhance cognitive flexibility.../ Probiotics support gut microbiome function and optimize the production of neurotransmitters Serotonin and GABA, which help support Flexible Attention.../ 5-HTP is a metabolite naturally made in the brain, is converted to serotonin as needed to promote positive mood, relaxation, and quality sleep../ Vitamin B12 with Folate is essential for structural integrity of the brain and spinal cord. They produce neurotransmitters and key enzymes that improve overall cognitive skills. (i) Processing Speed Choice Reaction Speed Test Poor Range Low Range Expected Range WhatThis Score Means to You On the processing speed test, you scored a 7 out of 10 based on your age and gender. This is considered to be in the EXPECTED range. Processing speed is the pace at which you take in information, make sense of it and begin to respond. It has nothing to do with how smart you are -- just how fast you can take in and use information. Slow processing speed is associated with inefficient connections in the brain's gray matter. These weak connections may be due to nutrient deficiencies in brain cells, limited production of vital neurotransmitters, chronic stress, lack of quality sleep, and toxins in your diet (such as refined sugars and processed foods). How to Improve Processing Speed../ Getting all three of your blood cell biomarkers into the green zone can optimize your processing speed.../ Curcumin (Turmeric) keeps your brain sharp under pressure. It has also been shown to decrease plaques in the brain linked to Alzheimer's disease.../ Ginkgo Biloba & Acetyl-L-Carnitine have been shown to enhance cognition in healthy individuals as well as those with age related cognitive impairment.../ L-Tyrosine can increase the production of neurotransmitters that are essential for the brain's functions such as processing speed, problem solving, and making decisions.../ A recent study showed that one particular type of brain exercise - called "speed training" can increase processing speed and even significantly reduce the risk of developing dementia All Rights Reserved, BrainSpan, LLC I I Page 6

2.0. Cell Health Assessment. Healthcare Provider: Office Address:

2.0. Cell Health Assessment. Healthcare Provider: Office Address: Healthcare Provider: Office Address: Office Phone Number: Daniel T. Johnston, MD, MPH 2671 Avenir Place, Suite 2123 Vienna, VA 22180 (800) 535-1518 Date of Assessment: Lab Processing Date: Barcode ID: