Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment
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1 Class: Date: Chapter 1-2 Review Assignment Multiple Choice dentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Corn seedlings A student wanted to design an investigation to see if auxin, a plant growth hormone, would affect the germination and growth of corn seedlings. He obtained corn seeds of the same species and placed them in pots with the same amount of soil. Each pot was given the same amount of water and exposed to the same amount of light each day for 20 days. 1. Use the information above to answer the next question. Which of the following descriptions outlines what should be in the experimental design? Formulate a hypothesis: Corn seedlings grow faster when sprayed with a solution of auxin. Determine the sample size: Two corn seeds will be enough for the experiment, one for each type of treatment. Explain the treatment for the experimental group and treatment for the control group: The experimental group would be sprayed with a solution of auxin, while the control group would be sprayed with water. a. and only b. and only c. and only d., and 2. Use the information above to answer the next question. The student s hypothesis for this investigation was: Corn seedlings sprayed with auxin will not grow as tall as the corn seedlings sprayed with water. Which of the following results would support this hypothesis? a. There was no growth in the corn seedlings that were sprayed with auxin or water. b. Both the corn seedlings sprayed with auxin and water were the same height after 20 days. c. Corn seedlings sprayed with water grew taller than corn seedlings sprayed with auxin after 20 days. d. Corn seedlings sprayed with auxin grew taller than corn seedlings sprayed with water after 20 days. 1
2 Vitamin C Cough Drops A student believed that by taking vitamin C cough drops, this would make a cold go away faster. He conducted an investigation using students at his school to test out his hypothesis. 3. Use the information above to answer the next question. Which of the following describes what the control and experimental groups should look like in this investigation? a. Experimental group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students with a cold. Control group: give candy to 50 students with a cold. b. Experimental group: give candy to 50 students with a cold. Control group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students without a cold. c. Experimental group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students without a cold. Control group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students with a cold. d. Experimental group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students with a cold. Control group: give vitamin C cough drops to 50 students without a cold. 4. Use the information above to answer the next question. What data should be collected during this investigation? a. the severity of the cold b. the gender of the student who has the cold c. the number of days it took to get over the cold d. the amount of time a person coughs while having the cold 5. Use the information above to answer the next question. Which of the following factors should be kept the same in the experimental and control groups in this investigation? the age of the students the number students in each group the number of vitamin C cough drops and candy given to each group a. and b. and c. and d.,, and 6. Which of the following descriptions are functions of glucose? acts as a source of energy speeds up cellular respiration is a building block of starch, cellulose, and glycogen a. and only b. and only c. and only d.,, and 2
3 7. How are DNA and mrna similar? a. They have uracil. b. They have a ribose sugar. c. They are polymers of nucleotides. d. They are double stranded molecules. 8. What type of bonds are responsible for the tertiary structure of a polypeptide chain? peptide bonds covalent bonds hydrogen bonds a. and only b. and only c. and only d.,, and 9. Which of the following descriptions are functions of water? to act as a solution to serve as a lubricant to regulate temperature a. and only b. and only c. and only d.,, and 10. Which of the following molecules provides padding for organs in the body? a. lipids b. proteins c. nucleic acids d. carbohydrates 11. Which of the following characteristics apply to saturated fatty acids? a. four fused rings of carbon b. a polar head and a nonpolar tail c. double bonds between the carbon atoms d. only single bonds between the carbon atoms 12. Which of the following molecules is required for the hydrolysis of polymers into monomers? a. water b. phospholipids c. nucleotides d. carbohydrates 3
4 13. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What is bond X? a. an ionic bond b. a peptide bond c. a covalent bond d. a hydrogen bond 14. Which of the following descriptions explains why water is a polar molecule? a. Electrons are transferred from the hydrogen atoms to the oxygen atom. b. The oxygen has a slight positive charge, while the hydrogen has a slight negative charge. c. The electrons are equally shared between the hydrogen and the oxygen in the water molecule. d. The electrons are unequally shared between the hydrogen and the oxygen in the water molecule. 15. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What cellular process produces this molecule? a. replication b. photosynthesis c. protein synthesis d. cellular respiration 16. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What other biological molecule contains structure A? a. DNA b. steroid c. triglyceride d. phospholipid 4
5 17. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What is this molecule? a. a dipeptide b. a disaccharide c. a polysaccharide d. a monosaccharide 18. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. Which of the following descriptions is a function of this molecule? a. provides structural support in cell walls b. provides immediate energy for animals c. provides structural support in cell membranes d. provides long-term energy storage for animals 19. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. dentify this molecule. a. starch b. cellulose c. glycogen d. polypeptide 20. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. The hydrolysis of this molecule would produce which of the following molecules? a. steroid b. glucose c. nucleotide d. amino acid 5
6 21. Which of the following descriptions refers to a substance that keeps the ph constant even when a small amount of acid is added to a solution? a. a salt b. a base c. an acid d. a buffer 22. Which of the following properties allows water to dissociate ionic salts? a. its polarity b. its molecular size c. its neutral charge d. its covalent bonding 23. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. A molecule consisting of 20 of these monomers would produce a. a steroid. b. a nucleic acid. c. a fatty acid chain. d. a polypeptide chain. 24. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. Which of the following is a function of a polymer that is formed from this monomer? a. provides insulation b. carries genetic information c. provides structural support in cell walls d. act as chemical messengers in the body 6
7 25. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. The molecule shown is a component of a. a steroid. b. a nucleotide. c. a phospholipid. d. a carbohydrate. 26. Which of the following events would occur if the ph of blood dropped below 7.4? a. Buffers would add more hydrogen ions to the blood. b. Buffers in the body would take up excess hydrogen ions. c. Buffers in the body would take up excess hydroxide ions. d. Buffers in the body would produce more acids in the body. 27. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. f the monomer shown underwent several dehydration reactions (dehydration synthesis), which of the following molecules would form? a. starch b. triglyceride c. progesterone d. deoxyribonucleic acid 7
8 28. Which of the following molecules are polymers made up of monosaccharides? starch cellulose glycogen a. and only b. and only c. and only d., and 29. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. The hydrolysis of this molecule will require how many water molecules? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What does Y represent? a. hydrolysis b. dissociation c. peptide bond formation d. dehydration reaction (dehydration synthesis) 8
9 31. Which of the following sequences places the molecules in order of least side branches to most side branches? a. cellulose glycogen starch b. cellulose starch glycogen c. starch cellulose glycogen d. glycogen cellulose starch 32. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What accounts for this level of protein organization? a. covalent bonds between the R-groups b. peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids c. hydrogen bonds between two different amino acids d. ionic bonds between more than one polypeptide chain 33. Which of the following accounts for the difference in unsaturated fats and saturated fats? a. Unsaturated fats have a phosphate group, while saturated fats do not. b. Saturated fats can form bonds with glycerol, while unsaturated fats cannot. c. Saturated fats have double bonds, while unsaturated fats have only single bonds between the carbon atoms. d. Unsaturated fats have double bonds, while saturated fats have only single bonds between the carbon atoms. 9
10 34. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. Which of the following descriptions applies to the molecule shown? found in the cell membrane has a polar head and nonpolar tails is the structural component of cell membranes a. and only b. and only c. and only d.,, and 35. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. dentify the molecule. a. a steroid b. a glycerol c. a triglyceride d. a saturated fatty acid 10
11 36. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What is the arrow pointing to in the diagram? a. an ionic bond b. a peptide bond c. a covalent bond d. a hydrogen bond 37. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What bond would hold these two molecules together? a. ionic bond b. peptide bond c. disulfide bond d. hydrogen bond 11
12 38. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What is a function of this molecule? a. to store long-term energy b. to store genetic information c. to catalyze chemical reactions d. to provide structural support to ligaments 39. Use the diagram above to answer the next question. What is the complementary base pairing shown? a. adenine and thymine b. guanine and adenine c. cytosine and guanine d. thymine and cytosine 12
13 40. Use the above diagram to answer the next question. What two nitrogenous bases are shown? a. uracil and cytosine b. guanine and adenine c. adenine and thymine d. cytosine and guanine 13
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