Example Problem 1 In what proportion should alcohols of 95% and 50% be mixed to make 70% alcohol? Proportion (or ratio) = 4 parts of A : 5 parts of B

Transcription

1 Module 0: Practice Problems Example Problem In what proportion should alcohols of 95% and 50% be mixed to make 70% alcohol? C A = 95% [70-50]= 20 parts A [20/5]= 4 parts A C F = 70% C B = 50% [95-70]= 25 parts B [25/5]= 5 parts B 45 parts total [45/5]= 9 parts total Proportion (or ratio) = 4 parts of A : 5 parts of B Example Problem 2 A hospital pharmacist wants to use 3 lots of zinc oxide ointment containing, respectively, 50%, 20%, and 5% zinc oxide. In what proportion should they be mixed to prepare a 0% zinc oxide ointment? st Pair C A = 50% 5 parts A 5 parts A C F = 0% C C = 5% 40 parts C 50 parts C 2 nd Pair C B = 20% 5 parts B 5 parts B C F = 0% C C = 5% 0 parts C Proportion: 5 parts of A : 5 parts of B : 50 parts of C 70 parts total We could reduce all of the components by 5 for the lowest whole numbers Proportion: 5 parts of A : part of B : 0 parts of C

2 Example Problem 3 In what proportions may a manufacturing pharmacist mix 20%, 5%, 5%, and 3% zinc oxide ointments to produce a 0% ointment? We are able to make two pairs and use all four components while following our rules. This may not always be the case for other problems and you may need more than two pairs to ensure that all components are used and the rules are followed. st Pair C A = 20% 7 parts A 7 parts A C F = 0% C D = 3% 0 parts D 0 parts D 2 nd Pair C B = 5% 5 parts B 5 parts B C F = 0% C C = 5% 5 parts C 5 parts C 27 parts total Proportion: 7 parts of A : 5 parts of B : 5 parts of C : 0 parts of D 2

3 Example Problem 4 How many grams of zinc oxide should be added to 3200 g of 5% zinc oxide to prepare an ointment containing 20% of zinc oxide? There are multiple ways to solve this problem. The first way is by using the alligation alternate framework method and the second is by analyzing the components. When setting up this problem using the first method, we would consider the zinc oxide to have a concentration of 00%, because it is just zinc oxide and not diluted with anything. C A = 00% 5 parts A 3 parts A C F = 20% C B = 5% 80 parts B 6 parts B 95 parts total 9 parts total Knowing that we have 3200 g of the 5% zinc oxide (component B), we can use a ratio of the component we want (component A) and the known component (component B) to calculate the amount of that component needed. 3 parts of A 6 parts of B 3200 g of B = 600 g of A Using the second method we start by finding the amount of zinc oxide contained in the 5% ointment: 5% = 5 g 00 g 3200 g = 60 g of zinc oxide Then set a proportion up so that the final product will have a concentration of 20%: Cross multiply and solve for x: 20 g 00 g = 60 g + x (3200 g + x) 20 g( x) = 00 g(60 g + x) 64,000 g + (20 g)x = 6,000 g + (00 g)x [64,000 g 6,000 g] + [(20 g)x (20 g)x] = [6,000 g 6,000 g] + [(00 g)x (20 g)x] 48,000 g (80 g)x = 80 g 80 g 600 g = x 3

4 Module 0: Practice Problems. If 250 ml of a :800 (v/v) solution were diluted to 000 ml, what would be the ratio strength (v/v)? Answer: :3200 v/v 2. If a pharmacist added 2 g of azelaic acid to 50 g of an ointment containing 5% azelaic acid, what would be the final concentration of azelaic acid in the ointment? Answer: 3. 5% w/w 3. If 400 ml of a 20% w/v solution were diluted to 2 liters, what would be the percentage strength (w/v)? Answer: 4% w/v 4. Bactroban ointment contains 2% mupirocin. How many grams of a polyethylene glycol ointment base must be mixed with the contents of a 22-g tube of Bactroban ointment to prepare an ointment with a concentration of 5 mg/g? Answer: 66 g 5. How many grams of an 8% w/w progesterone gel must be mixed with.45 g of a single-use 4% w/w progesterone gel to achieve a gel of 5.5% w/w strength? Answer: g (of 8% progesterone) 6. If 50 ml of a 7% (w/v) concentrate of benzalkonium chloride are diluted to 5 gallons, what will be the ratio strength (w/v) of the dilution? Answer: : Agenerase oral solution contains.5% amprenavir. A pharmacist wished to change the drug concentration to 5 mg/ml by using a diluent of polyethylene glycols. How many milliliters of the oral solution and how many milliliters of the diluent should be used to prepare 8 fluidounces of the mixture? Answer : ml (of.5% oral solution) Answer 2: 57.7 ml (of diluent) 8. Consider the following prescription: Tetracaine HCl 0.75% w/v Epinephrine HCl :4000 w/v Cocaine HCl 3% w/v NS ad 30 ml Sig. Use in eyes as directed. How many milliliters each of a 2% w/v solution of tetracaine HCl and a :000 (w/v) solution of epinephrine HCl should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer :.25 ml (of tetracaine solution) Answer 2: 7.5 ml (of epinephrine solution) 4

5 9. If 2 tbsp of povidone iodine solution (0% w/v) were diluted to quart with purified water, what would be the ratio strength (w/v) of the solution? Answer: : How many milliliters of a :50 w/v boric acid solution can be prepared from 500 ml of a 5% w/v boric acid solution? Answer: 250 ml. How many milliliters of water must be added to 250 ml of a 25% w/v stock solution of sodium chloride to prepare a 0.9% w/v sodium chloride solution? Answer: ml of diluent (water) 2. How many milliliters of undecylenic acid would need to be added to 30 ml of a 20% undecylenic acid topical solution to change the concentration to 25%? Answer: 2 ml 3. A certain product contains benzalkonium chloride in a concentration of :5000 w/v. How many milliliters of a 7% stock solution of benzalkonium chloride should be used in preparing 4 liters of the product? Answer: 4.7 ml (of 7% benzalkonium solution) 4. How many milliliters of a 0% stock solution of a chemical are needed to prepare 20 ml of a solution containing 0 mg of the chemical per milliliter? Answer: 2 ml 5. How many milliliters of water should be added to gallon of 70% isopropyl alcohol to prepare a 30% solution for soaking sponges? Answer: 5047 ml (of water) 6. Neoral oral solution contains 00 mg/ml of cyclosporine. If, on prescription, a pharmacist desired to prepare 30 ml of an oral solution containing 0% cyclosporine, how many milliliters of diluent should be used? Answer: The product is already at the desired strength, so no diluent should be added. 7. The formula for a buffer solution contains.24% w/v boric acid. How many milliliters of a 5% w/v boric acid solution should be used to obtain the boric acid needed in preparing liter of the buffer solution? Answer: 248 ml 5

6 8. Consider the following prescription: Menthol 0.% Hexachlorophene 0.% Glycerin 0.0% Alcohol 70%, to make 500 ml Label: Menthol and Hexachlorophene Lotion How many milliliters of a 5% w/v stock solution of menthol in alcohol should be used to obtain the amount of menthol needed in preparing the lotion? Answer: 0 ml 9. Consider the following prescription: Gentian Violet Solution :00, ml Sig. Mouthwash How many milliliters of ½% stock solution of gentian violet should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer: ml 20. How many milliliters of Burrow s solution (containing 5% w/v of aluminum acetate) should be used in preparing 2 liters of a :800 (w/v) solution to be used as a wet dressing? Answer: 50 ml 2. Consider the following prescription: Rhus Toxicodendron Extract 0 µg/ml SWFI ad 00 ml How many milliliters of a 00 mg/ml concentrate of Rhus toxicodendron extract should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer: 0.0 ml 22. If a pharmacist fortified 0 g of a 0.% w/w tacrolimus (Protopic) ointment by adding 2.5 g of an ointment containing 0.03% w/w of the same drug, what would be the percentage strength (w/w) of the mixture? Answer: 0. 06% w/w 23. A physician prescribes an ophthalmic suspension to contain 00 mg of cortisone acetate in 8 ml of NS solution. The pharmacist has on-hand a 2.5% suspension of cortisone acetate in NS. How many milliliters of NS should be used in preparing the prescribed suspension? Answer: 4 ml of diluent (normal saline) 24. Consider the following prescription: Benzalkonium chloride solution 240 ml Make a solution such that 0 ml diluted to a liter equals a :5000 solution. Sig. 0 ml diluted to a liter for external use. How many milliliters of a 7% stock solution of benzalkonium chloride should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer: ml (of 7% benzalkonium) 6

7 25. How many milliliters of water must be added to 00 ml of a :25 w/v solution to make a solution such that 25 ml diluted to 00 ml will yield a :4000 dilution? Answer: 700 ml diluent (water) 26. How many milliliters of a lotion base must be added to 30 ml of oxiconazole nitrate (Oxistat) lotion % w/v, to reduce its concentration to 6 mg/ml? Answer: 20 ml diluent (lotion base) 27. Consider the following prescription: Lactic acid 0% w/v Salicylic acid 0% w/v Flexible collodion qs 5 ml Sig. Use externally as directed for warts. How many milliliters of an 85% w/w solution of lactic acid with a specific gravity of.2 should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer:.45 ml (of 85% w/w solution) 28. How many milliliters of water should be mixed with 200 g of a 65% w/w alcohol to make 45% w/w alcohol? Answer: ml diluent (water) 29. How many milliliters of a syrup containing 85% w/v of sucrose should be mixed with 50 ml of a syrup containing 60% w/v of sucrose to make a syrup containing 80% w/v of sucrose? Answer: 600 ml (of 85% w v sucrose) 30. Consider the following prescription: Castor oil 5 ml Resorcinol monoacetate 5 ml Alcohol 85% ad 240 ml How many milliliters each of 95% v/v alcohol and water should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer: ml (of 95% v/v alcohol) 3. How many milliliters of 95% w/w sulfuric acid having a specific gravity of.820 should be used in preparing 2 liters of 0% w/v acid? Answer: 5.67 ml (of 95% w/w sulfuric acid) 32. A pharmacist mixes 00 ml of 38% w/w hydrochloric acid with enough purified water to make 360 ml. If the specific gravity of the 38% w/w hydrochloric acid is.20, calculate the percentage strength (w/v) of the resulting dilution. Answer: 2.67% w/v 33. How many milliliters of a 28% w/w strong ammonia solution having a specific gravity of 0.89 should be used in preparing 2000 ml of 0% w/w ammonia solution with a specific gravity of 0.96? Answer: 74.3 ml (of 28% w/w ammonia solution) 7

8 34. In using isoproterenol HCl solution (:5000 w/v), ml of the solution is diluted to 0 ml with sodium chloride injection before IV administration. What is the percentage concentration of the diluted solution? Answer: % w/v 35. A :750 w/v solution of benzalkonium chloride diluted with purified water in a ratio of 3 parts of the benzalkonium solution and 77 parts of purified water is recommended for bladder and urethral irrigation. What is the ratio strength of benzalkonium chloride in the final dilution? Answer: : 20,000 w/v 36. How many milliliters of a suspension base must be mixed with 250 ml of a paroxetine (Paxil) oral suspension, 0 mg/5 ml, to change its concentration to 0.% w/v? Answer: 250 ml diluent (suspension base) 37. An insect venom concentrate for immunotherapy contains 00 µg/ml. How man milliliters of water should be added to.2 ml of the venom concentrate to yield a :00,000 dilution? Answer: 0.8 ml diluent (water) 38. How many grams of a 2.5% w/w benzocaine ointment can be prepared by diluting lb of a 20% benzocaine ointment with white petrolatum? Answer: g (of 2.5% w/w benzocaine prepared) 39. How many grams of salicylic acid should be added to 75 g of a polyethylene glycol ointment to prepare an ointment containing 6% w/w of salicylic acid? Answer: 4.74 g 40. How many grams of an ointment base must be added to 45 g of clobetasol ointment, 0.05% w/w, to change its strength to 0.03% w/w? Answer: 30 g diluent (ointment base) 4. Consider the following prescription: Hydrocortisone acetate ointment 0.25% 0 g Sig. apply to the eye UD. How many grams of 2.5% ophthalmic hydrocortisone acetate ointment and how many grams of ophthalmic base (diluent) should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer : g (of 2.5% ophthalmic hydrocortisone) Answer 2: 9 g diluent (ophthalmic base) 42. How many grams of zinc oxide should be added to 3400 g of a 0% zinc oxide ointment to prepare a product containing 5% of zinc oxide? Answer: 200 g (of zinc oxide) 8

9 43. How many milliliters of a nonmedicated, flavored syrup base must be added to pint of ranitidine (Zantac) syrup, 5 mg/ml, to change its concentration to 5 mg/ml? Answer: ml diluent (non-medicated syrup base) 44. Consider the following prescription: Zinc oxide.5 Hydrophilic petrolatum 2.5 Purified water 5 Hydrophilic ointment ad 30 Sig. Apply to affected areas. How much zinc oxide should be added to the product to make an ointment containing 0% zinc oxide? Answer:.67 g 45. If equal portions of tretinoin gel (Retin-A Micro), 0.% w/w and 0.04% w/w, are combined, what would be the resultant percentage strength? Answer: 0. 07% w/w 46. A vaginal douche powder concentrate contains 2% w/w of active ingredient. What would be the percentage concentration (w/v) of the resultant solution after a 5-g packet of powder is dissolved in enough water to make quart of solution? Answer: 0.06 % w/v 47. How many milliliters of a 0.2% solution of a skin-test antigen must be used to prepare 4 ml of a solution containing 0.04 mg/ml of the antigen? Answer: 0.08 ml (of 0.2% solution) 48. How many milligrams of sodium fluoride are needed to prepare 00 ml of a sodium fluoride stock solution such that a solution containing 2 ppm of sodium fluoride results when 0.5 ml is diluted to 250 ml with water? 49. Consider the following prescription: Cyclosporine 2% Corn oil qs Sig. UD. Answer: 00 mg (of sodium fluoride) a. How many milliliters each of corn oil and a 0% solution of cyclosporine would be needed to prepare 30 ml of the prescription? Answer : 6 ml (of 0% cyclosporine solution) Answer 2: 24 ml of diluent (corn oil) b. If you then wished to dilute the prescription to a concentration of.5% cyclosporine, how many additional milliliters of corn oil would be required? Answer: 0 ml (of additional corn oil) 9

10 50. A prescription calls for g of morphine sulfate. How many milligrams of a :0 trituration may be used to obtain the morphine sulfate? Answer: 50 mg (of : 0 trituration) 5. If 00 mg of a :0 trituration of mechlorethamine HCl (Mustargen) are diluted to 0 ml with water for injection, how many milliliters of the injection should be administered to a 32-lb patient if the dose of mechlorathamine hydrochloride is 0. mg/kg? Answer: 6 ml 52. A hospital worker combined 2 fluidounces of a povidone-iodine cleaner, 7.5% w/v, with 4 fluidounces of povidone-iodine topical solution, 0% w/v. Calculate the strength of the resulting mixture. Answer: % w/v 53. If 60 g of a combination gel of hydrocortisone acetate, % w/w, and pramoxide, % w/w, are mixed with 2.5 g of a gel containing hydrocortisone acetate, 2.5% w/w, and pramoxide, % w/w, calculate the percentage strength of each of the 2 drugs in the mixture. Answer :. 26 % w/w hydrocortisone Answer 2: % w/w pramoxide 54. A drug is commercially available in capsules each containing 2.5 mg of drug and 37.5 mg of diluent. How many milligrams of additional diluent must be added to the contents of one capsule to make a dilution containing 0.5 mg of drug in each 00 mg of powder? Answer: 2450 mg of additional diluent 55. Calculate the percentage of alcohol in a lotion containing 2 liters of witch hazel (4% of alcohol), liter of alcohol (95%) and enough boric acid solution to make 5 liters. Answer: % v/v alcohol 56. In what proportion should 5% and % hydrocortisone ointments be mixed to prepare a 2.5% ointment? Answer: 3 (parts 5%) : 5 (parts %) 57. In what proportion should a 20% zinc oxide ointment be mixed with white petrolatum (diluent) to produce a 3% zinc oxide ointment? Answer: 3 (parts of 20%) : 7 (parts of petrolatum) 58. In what proportion should 30% and.5% hydrogen peroxide solution be mixed to prepare a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution? Answer: (parts of 30%) : 8 (parts of.5%) 59. The solvent for the extraction of a vegetable drug is 70% alcohol. In what proportion may 95%, 60%, and 50% alcohol be mixed to prepare a solvent of the desired concentration? Answer: 6 (parts of 95%) : 5 (parts of 60%) : 5 (parts of 50%) 0

11 60. A patient diluted ml ibuprofen oral drops with 5 ml of water prior to administering the medication. The drops contain ibuprofen 50 mg/.25 ml. Calculate the concentration of ibuprofen in the dilution a. in mg/ml. Answer: 2.5 mg/ml b. as a percentage strength. Answer: 0. 25% w/v 6. How many milliliters of a 2.5% w/v chlorpromazine HCl injection and how many milliliters of NS should be used to prepare 500 ml of a 0.3% w/v chlorpromazine HCl injection? Answer : 60 ml (of 2.5% w/v chlorpromazine) Answer 2: 440 ml of diluent (normal saline) 62. How many milliliters of a 2% w/v solution of lidocaine HCl should be used in preparing 500 ml of a solution containing 4 mg of lidocaine HCl per milliliter of solution? Answer: 00 ml (of 2% w/v lidocaine) 63. Dopamine HCl injection is available in 5-mL ampules containing 40 mg of dopamine HCl per milliliter. The injection must be diluted before administration. If a physician wishes to use sodium chloride injections as the diluent and wants a solution containing 0.04% w/v of dopamine HCl, how many milliliters of NaCl injection should be added to 5 ml of the injection? Answer: 495 ml of diluent (normal saline) 64. A solution of benzalkonium chloride is available in a concentration of :750 w/v. How many milliliters of purified water should be added to 30 ml of the solution to prepare a :5000 benzalkonium chloride solution for use as a wet dressing to the skin? Answer: 70 ml of diluent (purified water) 65. If an antibiotic injection contains 5% w/v of the drug, how many milliliters of diluent should be added to 5 ml of the injection to prepare a concentration of 5 mg of the antibiotic per milliliter? Answer: 45 ml of diluent 66. How many milliliters of SWFI should be added to a vial containing 5 μg/ml of a drug to prepare a solution containing.5 μg/ml of the drug? Answer: 2.33 ml diluent (SWFI) 67. Consider the following prescription: Zephiran chloride solution (7% w/v) qs Purified water, to make 480 ml Sig. tbsp diluted to gallon with water to make a :0,000 dilution. How many milliliters of zephiran chloride solution should be used in preparing the prescription? Answer: 7.25 ml (of 7% zephiran solution)

12 68. From the following formula for 40 sertraline capsules, calculate the factor that would be used if the pharmacist wished to prepare 250 capsules. Sertraline HCl 300 mg Silica gel 6 g Calcium citrate 4 g Answer: From the following formula for a progesterone nasal spray, calculate the factor that would be used if the pharmacist wished to prepare twenty-four 5-mL containers of the product. Progesterone 20 mg Dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin 62 mg Purified water ad ml Answer: From the following formula, calculate the quantities required to make 5 lb of hydrophilic ointment. Methylparaben 0.25 g Propylparaben 0.5 g Sodium lauryl sulfate 0 g Propylene glycol 20 g Stearyl alcohol 250 g White petrolatum 250 g Purified water, to make 000 g Answer : 0.57 g of methylparaben Answer 2: 0.34 g of propylparaben Answer 3: g of sodium lauryl sulfate Answer 4: g of propylene glycol Answer 5: g of stearyl alcohol Answer 6: g of white petrolatum Answer 7: 840 g of purified water 7. The formula for an ophthalmic ointment is as follows: Sulfacetamide sodium 0% w/w Prednisolone acetate 0.2% w/w Phenylmercuric acetate % w/w Mineral oil % w/w White petrolatum, qs ad 3.5 g How much of each ingredient would be needed to manufacture 2000 such tubes of ointment? Answer : 700 g of sulfacetamide sodium Answer 2: 4 g of prednisolone acetate Answer 3: g of phenylmercuric acetate Answer 4: 70 g of mineral oil Answer 5: g of white petrolatum 2

13 72. Calculate the quantity of each ingredient needed to prepare 5-mL of the following ophthalmic solution. Erythromycin lactobionate 500 mg Dexamethasone sodium phosphate 00 mg Glycerin 2.5 ml SWFI ad 00 ml Answer : 75 mg of erythromycin lactobionate Answer 2: 5 mg of dexamethasone sodium phosphate Answer 3: ml of glycerin Answer 4: up to 5 ml (total volume) using SWFI We are unable to calculate the exact volume of SWFI because some of our components are reported in milligrams. If we had specific gravity values for these components then we could convert them to volumes and solve for the amount of SWFI. 73. According to the literature, the biotechnology product Neulasta (pegfilgrastim) contains the following in 0.6 ml prefilled syringes: Pegfilgrastim 6 mg Sorbitol 30 mg Polysorbate mg SWFI ad 0.6 ml How much of the first 3 ingredients would be needed to manufacture 00,000 such syringes? Answer : 600 g of pegfilgrastim Answer 2: 3,000 g of sorbitol Answer 3: 2 g of polysorbate 74. From the following formula, calculate the quantity of each ingredient required to make 500 g of the powder. Calcium carbonate 5 parts Magnesium oxide part Sodium bicarbonate 4 parts Bismuth subcarbonate 3 parts Answer : g of calcium carbonate Answer 2: 5.4 g of magnesium oxide Answer 3: 46.5 g of sodium bicarbonate Answer 4: g of bismuth subcarbonate 75. Calculate the quantity of benzocaine needed to prepare 240 g of the following formula for a topical anesthetic. Benzocaine 4% w/w Butylaminobenzoate 2% w/w Tetracaine HCl 2% w/w Benzalkonium chloride.5% w/w Cetyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium bromide 0.005% w/w Aquagel ad 30 g Answer: g 3

14 76. The following is a formula for 00 triple estrogen capsules. Calculate the quantities of the first three ingredients, in grams, and the last 2 ingredients, in kilograms, required to prepare 5000 such capsules. Estriol 200 mg Estrone 25 mg Estradiol 25 mg Polyethylene glycol g Polyethylene glycol g Answer : 0 g of estriol Answer 2:.25 g of estrone Answer 3:.25 g of estradiol Answer 4: kg of polyethylene glycol 450 Answer 5: kg of polyethylene glycol According to the literature, when the product Amevive (alefacept) is reconstituted with SWFI to prepare 0.6 ml of injection, it contains the following in each 0.5 ml. Alefacept 7.5 mg Sucrose 2.5 mg Glycine 5 mg Sodium citrate, dihydrate 3.6 mg Citric acid, monohydrate 0.06 mg How much alefacept would be needed to manufacture a 5000 batch of vials for reconstitution? a. 2.5 mg b g c g d. 45 g Answer: 45 g 78. The formula for a ciprofloxacin otic drop is given in the literature as follows: Ciprofloxacin g Propylene glycol 50 ml Glycerin ad 00 ml How many grams of ciprofloxacin would be required to prepare 200 bottles that each contain 5-mL of the ear drop? Answer: 30 g 79. From the following formula for a progesterone vaginal suppository, calculate the amount of each ingredient needed to prepare 36 suppositories. Progesterone 75 mg Polyethylene glycol 3350 g Polyethylene glycol g Answer : 2.7 g of progesterone Answer 2: 36 g of polyethylene glycol 3350 Answer 3: 08 g of polyethylene glycol 000 4

15 80. The formula for a sports rub cream is given in the literature as follows: Methyl salicylate 5 ml Menthol 0 g Eucalyptus oil g Hydrophilic ointment ad 00 g If the specific gravity of methyl salicylate is.8, how many grams of each ingredient would be needed to prepare a dozen 30-g tubes of ointment? Answer : g of methyl salicylate Answer 2: 36 g of menthol Answer 3: 3.6 g of eucalyptus oil Answer 4: g of hydrophilic ointment 8. From the following formula for one rectal suppository, calculate the quantity of each ingredient required to prepare 24 such suppositories. Promethazine HCl 25 mg Ascorbyl palmitate % White wax 5% Cocoa butter ad 2 g Answer : 0.6 g of promethazine Answer 2: 0.48 g of ascorbyl palmitate Answer 3: 2.4 g of white wax Answer 4: g of cocoa butter 82. From the following formula for a synthetic elastoviscous fluid for injection into the knee to treat osteoarthritis, calculate the quantities, in grams, of each of the first four ingredients needed to prepare 5,000 2-mL prefilled syringes. Hylan polymers 6 mg NaCl 7 mg Disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.32 mg Sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.08 mg SWFI ad 2 ml Answer : 80 g of hylan polymers Answer 2: 85 g of NaCl Answer 3:.6 g of disodium hydrogen phosphate Answer 4: 0.4 g of sodium dihydrogen phosphate 83. From the following formula for gastric lavage prior to colonoscopy, calculate the quantity of sodium bicarbonate needed to prepare 00 liters of the formula. Polyethylene glycol ml NaCl.46 g KCl g Sodium bicarbonate.68 g Sodium sulfate 5.68 g Water ad 4 L Answer: 42 g 5

16 84. The following is a formula for the preparation of a suppository for the treatment of migraine headaches. Calculate the quantities of each ingredient to prepare 250 suppositories. Ergotamine tartrate 2 mg Caffeine 00 mg Hyoscyamine sulfate 0.25 mg Pentobarbital sodium 60 mg Fattibase ad 2 g Answer : 0.5 g of ergotamine tartrate Answer 2: 25 g of caffeine Answer 3: g of hyoscyamine sulfate Answer 4: 5 g of pentobarbital sodium Answer 5: g of fattibase 85. Each milliliter of an otic solution contains the following ingredients. Calculate the amount of each ingredient needed to manufacture mL containers of the product. Antipyrine 54 mg Benzocaine 4 mg Dehydrated glycerin, to make ml Answer : 540 g of antipyrine Answer 2: 40 g of benzocaine Answer 3: up to 0 L using dehydrated glycerin 86. From the following formula for an oral electrolyte solution, calculate the amount of each ingredient required to prepare 240 ml of the solution. Sodium 45 meq Potassium 20 meq Chloride 35 meq Citrate 30 meq Dextrose 25 g Water ad 000 ml Answer : 0.8 meq of sodium Answer 2: 4.8 meq of potassium Answer 3: 8.4 meq of Chloride Answer 4: 7.2 meq of citrate Answer 5: 6 g of dextrose Answer 6: up to 240 ml (total volume) using water 6