Demonstrate the bony features of Cl and C2 vertebrae evident on this Xray

Transcription

1 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 7 September 2007 am. TOPIC: X-ray: Lateral C spine NUMBER: JL Demonstrate the bony features of Cl and C2 vertebrae evident on this Xray 1 Odontoid peg (dens) 2 Bodies of Cl andc2 3 anterior and posterior arches of atlas laminae and inferior articular process 5 spinous process What are the components of the soft tissue shadow located anterior to the upper cervical vertebrae? 1 Anterior longitudinal ligament 2 Longus colli muscle 3 Prevertebral fascia Retropharyngeal space 5 Buccopharyngeal fascia 6 Pharyngeal muscle 5/8 including dens to pass 3/6 to pass including retropharyngeal space J

2 ACEM PRIMARY VWA EXAMINATION SUBJECT: ANATOMY FRIDAY SEPTEMBER TOPIC: Bone: Humerus and Scapula NUMBER: 2 Describe the bony features of the proximal humerus. 1 anatomical neck Head Surgical neck 2 greater and lesser tubercles 3 intertubercular groove 5/6 to pass What factors contribute to the stability of the glenohumeral joint? 1 Muscular- rotator cuff- TM,SS,SSp,Infsp 2 Bony structures and labrura- poor 3 Ligaments- coracoacromial ligament capsule 3 / to pass

3 ACEM PRIMARY VIVA EXAMINATION SUBJECT: ANATOMY Friday 7 September 2007 am TOPIC: Ankle NUMBER: 3 Demonstrate the structures passing behind the medial malleolus 1)TP 2)FDL 3) Posterior tibial artery ) Tibial nerve 5) Flexor hallucis 5 6 What is the cutaneous innervation of the tibial nerve? 1) Medial plantar nerve...medial sole of foot 2) lateral plantar... lateral sole of foot 3) also calcaneal branches / 5 to pass l /2 to pass

4 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 7 September 2007 am TOPIC: Photo- PELVIS NUMBER: Identify the structures in this photo (prompt if needed) 1 Rectum No Uterus No. 6/12 3 Bladder No. 5 Sacrum Not numbered 5 Pubic symphysis No Anal canal No. 1 7 Cervix and vagina No. 7 and 2 Please show the potential spaces where free fluid can accumulate in the pelvis 1 rectouterine pouch (of Douglas) No vesicouterine pouch No. 3 3 Need 5/8 to pass Need 1 to pass

5 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 6 September 2007 pm TOPIC: PICTURE: CT SCAN BRAIN NUMBER: 1 Name the visible intracranial structures on this non contrast CT scan I Lobes (frontal.parietal/temporal.occipital) 2 lateral ventricles ( anterior and posterior horns) S.choroid plexus pineal gland 5 thalamus 6 internal capsule, basa! ganglia, caudate, globus pallidus, putamen, sylvian fissure or lateral sulcus 6 structures from 1st 5 Plus 1 of these for pass What structures does CSF pass through to reach the base of the brain? 1 Lateral venticles Mntervenrricular formen» 3 rd ventricle > aqueduct > ventricle (posterior to pons/medulla) 3 rt and th ventricles in sequence to pass THIRD Start at the lateral ventricle

6 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 6 September 2007 pm. TOPIC: Bones: Cl and C2 NUMBER: _2 Describe the features of this bone (C2) 1 odontoid peg (dens) and body 2 vertebral foramen (s.c.) transverse foramen (v.a.) 3 inferior/superior articular surfaces pedicle 5 transverse process 6 lamina 7 spinous process What ligaments stabilise the atlantoaxial joint? 1 Cruciate ligament which has two components Transverse- between lateral masses of Cl- strong Longitudinal- occiput to body C2- weak 6/10 to pass Identify it as C2 Cruciate and tectorial to pass i.e. 2/3 2 Alar ligament- side of peg to foramen magnum ; 3 tectorial membrane- continuation of PtL from body of C2 to internal occiput THIRD What movement occurs at the C1/C2 joint? Rotation of Cl onc2

7 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 6 September 2007 pm. TOPIC: MODEL: ANKLE NUMBER: 3 Demonstrate the attachments of the inferior extensor retinaculum 1 upper anterior surface of calcaneus 2 Y-shaped 1. medial malleolus 2. blends with plantar aponeurosis 3 Identify the structures passing beneath the IER 1 tibialis anterior 2 extensor ballads longus 3 ant tibial artery dorsalis pedis artery deep fibular nerve 5 extensor digitorum longus 6 fibularis tertius /6 to pass Level of ankle joint Deep peroneal nerve Peroneus tertius THIRD What is the function of the inferior extensor retinaculum? Prevent bowstringing of extensor tendons when ankle dorsiflexed.

8 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 6 September 2007 om. TOPIC: DISCUSSION: BRACHIAL PLEXUS NUMBER: _ Optional What is the brachial plexus and how is it formed? 1 Major nerve network supplying the upper limb, extends from neck to axilla. 2 Results in the formation of multisegmental peripheral nerves. 3 Initially formed by the union of the anterior rami (roots) lower cervical (C5-8) and first thoracic nerves. These roots unite to form 3 trunks; superior, middle and inferior 5 Each trunk divides into anterior and posterior divisions 6 These division then form 3 cords: Anterior divisions of superior and middle trunks for the lateral cord, anterior division of inferior trunk forms medial cord, posterior divisions of all 3 trunks unite to form posterior cord 7 Major peripheral nerves supplying upper limb form from these cords. Lateral cord gives rise to lateral pectoral n, musculocutaneous n and lateral root of median n. Medial cord gives rise to medial root median n, medial pectoral n, medial cutaneous n of arm, medial cutaneous n of forearm and ulnar n. Posterior cord gives rise to upper subscapular n, lower subscapular n, thoracodorsal n, axillary n, and radial n. 1. No need to describe supraclavicular branches of brachial plexus. 2. Would vou prefer to describe the formation of the brachial Start proximally to distal Need to know rootsjtrunksjdivisions, cords to pass Name at least medial and lateral roots median n, axillary n, radial n and ulnar n. THIRD DE08a Anatomy Viva workshop.rtf

9 SUBJECT: ANATOMY 6 September 2007 pm TOPIC: PHOTO - ABDOMEN NUMBER: _5 THIRD What are the unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta? I coeliac trunk 2 superior mesenteric artery 3 inferior mesenteric artery What are the branches of the coeliac trunk? 1 common hepatic artery 2 splenic artery 3 left gastric artery 5 6 Demonstrate the major venous structures in this photo 1IVC 2 right and left renal veins ( 23 and 12) 3 left adrenal vein (1) left gonadal vein (6) 3 for a pass 2/3 to pass /5 to pass