A. Incorrect! The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column.

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "A. Incorrect! The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column."

Judith Wright
6 years ago
Views:

1 Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 07: The Skeletal System II No. 1 of Which of the following statements about the axial skeleton is correct? A. The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, and upper arm. B. The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column. C. The axial skeleton provides protection for the lower limbs. D. The axial skeleton provides protection for the upper limbs. The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column. The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column. The axial skeleton protects the brain, spinal cord and major organs of the chest. The axial skeleton protects the brain, spinal cord and major organs of the chest. The axial skeleton provides: (a) structural support for the body, (b) attachment points for ligaments and muscles, and (c) protects the brain, spinal cord and major organs of the chest. The axial skeleton includes bones of the skull, inner ear, chest and spinal column.

No. 2 of 10 2. The occipital bone of the skull. A. Articulates with the frontal bone. B. Makes up half of the passageway through which the brainstem extends into the spinal cord. C.

2 No. 2 of The occipital bone of the skull. A. Articulates with the frontal bone. B. Makes up half of the passageway through which the brainstem extends into the spinal cord. C. Is part of the orbit and nasal cavity. D. Makes up the back and floor of the cranium. Articulates with the parietal and temporal bones. B. Incorrect! Makes up the entire passageway through which the brainstem extends into the spinal cord. Makes up the back and floor of the cranium. D. Correct! Makes up the back and floor of the cranium. The Occipital bone makes up the back and floor of the cranium. The brainstem passes through this bone and then continues as the spinal cord.

3 No. 3 of Which of the following statements about the maxilla bones is correct? A. The maxilla bones form the lower jaw and hold the lower teeth. B. The maxilla bones are the largest bones of the face and form together to make the whole upper jaw. C. The maxilla bones move as part of chewing food. D. The maxilla bones are stationary and hold the lower teeth. The maxilla bones are the largest bones of the face and form together to make the whole upper jaw. The maxilla bones are the largest bones of the face and form together to make the whole upper jaw. The maxilla bones are stationary and hold the upper teeth. The maxilla bones are stationary and hold the upper teeth. The maxilla Bones are the largest bones of the face and form together to make the whole upper jaw. These bones hold the upper teeth.

4 No. 4 of Which of the following statements about the bones of the inner ear is correct? A. The Incus is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum, and therefore, it moves as the eardrum vibrates in response to incoming sound. B. The Malleus transmits sound waves directly to the cochlea. C. The bones of the inner ear are called the Malleus, Incus and Ethmoid. D. The bones of the inner ear are called the Malleus, Incus and Stapes. The Malleus is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum, and therefore, it moves as the eardrum vibrates in response to incoming sound. B. Incorrect! The Malleus transmits sound waves directly to the Incus. The bones of the inner ear are called the Malleus, Incus and Stapes. D. Correct! The bones of the inner ear are called the Malleus, Incus and Stapes. The bones of the inner ear are called the (a) Malleus (hammer), (b) Incus (anvil) and (c) Stapes (stirrup). These bones function together to transmit sound waves from the external environment to the fluid filled cochlea. The malleus or hammer is a hammer-shaped one that is attached to the incus. It is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum, and therefore, it moves as the eardrum vibrates in response to incoming sound. The incus or anvil is an anvilshaped bone in between the malleus and the stapes. It is the bridge that connects the incoming sound waved to the inner ear. The stapes or stirrup transmits the sound vibrations from the Incus to the oval window. The oval window connects the inner ear bones with the cochlea.

5 No. 5 of The ribs. A. Total 20 in number, 8 pairs with two articulations and 2 pairs with only one articulation with the thoracic spine. B. Total 24 in number, 10 pairs with two articulations and 2 pairs with only one articulation with the thoracic spine. C. Articulate with all 3 portions of the sternum. D. The floating ribs are the 2 nd and 3 rd pair of ribs, counting from the clavicle downwards. Total 24 in number, 10 pairs with two articulations and 2 pairs with only one articulation with the thoracic spine. Total 24 in number, 10 pairs with two articulations and 2 pairs with only one articulation with the thoracic spine. Articulate with the first 2 portions of the sternum, not the Xiphoid process. The floating ribs are the 11 th and 12 th pair of ribs, counting from the clavicle downwards. There are twelve ribs in the rib cage, 10 pairs which are joined to the sternum and spine and 2 floating pairs. The ribs protect the underlying organs, and assist in respiration. The floating ribs are two pairs of ribs at the bottom of the rib cage, which don t articulate with the sternum.

6 No. 6 of Which of the following statements about the cervical region of the vertebral column is correct? A. The first cervical vertebra is called the axis and it has a unique process call the dens. B. The second cervical vertebra is called the axis and it has a unique process call the dens. C. The first cervical vertebra is called the atlas and it has a large spinous process for muscle attachment. D. There are a total of eight cervical vertebra, of which the first and second are unique. The second cervical vertebra is called the axis and it has a unique process call the dens. The second cervical vertebra is called the axis and it has a unique process call the dens. The first cervical vertebra is called the atlas and it has no spinous process. There are a total of seven cervical vertebra, of which the first and second are unique. The cervical region is the first portion of the spinal column and is made up of 7 vertebras. The first and second vertebra is unique, and they are called the atlas and the axis. The cervical vertebra are the smallest vertebras in the spine. Movements of the head takes place predominantly at the joint between the first (atlas) and the overlying occipital bone. Although, the first 2 cervical vertebras and the last (7th) are unique, below is a typical cervical vertebra. The atlas is the first of the cervical vertebra; it lacks a body and spinous process. The superior articular facets are in contact with the occipital bone of the skull. This is where the skull and vertebral column are connected. The axis is the second cervical vertebra; it has a unique projection called the Dens process. The dens process projects up through the ring of the atlas. The dens make a pivot for the atlas and the skull, allowing rotation.

7 No. 7 of Which of the following statements about the thoracic region of the vertebral column is correct? A. The thoracic region of the vertebral column is located in the chest. It contains 13 vertebras. B. The thoracic vertebra has a smaller spinous process and have special articulations called facets and demifacets. C. The thoracic vertebra articulates with the ribs at the Facet and Demifacet. D. The thoracic vertebra articulates with the ribs at the Superior Articular Facet. Synovial joints contain a space between the articulating bones, which is filled with synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint. B. Incorrect! The thoracic vertebra has a larger spinous process and have special articulations called facets and demifacets. C. Correct! The thoracic vertebra articulates with the ribs at the Facet and Demifacet. The thoracic vertebra articulates with the ribs at the Facet and Demifacet. The thoracic region of the vertebral column is located in the chest. It contains 12 vertebras and is connected to the lumbar region of the spine. The thoracic vertebra is larger and stronger than the cervical vertebra. The thoracic vertebras have a larger spinous process and have special articulations called facets and demifacets. The thoracic vertebra articulates with the ribs at the Facet and Demifacet. The demifacets of two vertebras come together in the spine and articulate with the corresponding rib.

8 No. 8 of The lumbar region of the vertebral column. A. Contains seven vertebras which are fused together. B. Is connected to the pelvis, through the sacrum and coccyx. C. Is connected to the pelvis, through the facet joints. D. The spinous processes of the lumbar vertebra are small and project downwards. It contains five vertebras which are not fused together. It s connected to the pelvis, through the sacrum and coccyx. It s connected to the pelvis, through the sacrum and coccyx. The spinous processes of the lumbar vertebra project almost vertebra straight out. The lumbar region of the vertebral column is the last main portion of the vertebral column and is located in the lower back. It contains 5 vertebras and is connected to the pelvis, through the sacrum and coccyx. The lumbar vertebra is the thickest and largest of the entire spine. The spinous processes of the lumbar vertebra project almost vertebra straight out. This provides a well adapted attachment point for the large back muscles.

9 No. 9 of Which of the following statements about the sacrum is correct? A. The sacrum is the last portion of the vertebral column. B. The sacrum is a triangular shaped bone that is made up of 5 fused sacral vertebras. C. The sacrum is a triangular shaped bone that is made up of 5 vertebras which move as the back moves. D. The sacrum provides a strong base for the upper arms. The sacrum is the 2 nd last portion of the vertebral column and it articulates with both the 5 th lumbar vertebra and the pelvis. The sacrum is a triangular shaped bone that is made up of 5 fused sacral vertebras. The sacrum is a triangular shaped bone that is made up of 5 fused sacral vertebras. The sacrum provides a strong base for the pelvis, through its articulations. The sacrum is a triangular shaped bone that is made up of 5 fused sacral vertebras. It articulates with and provides a strong foundation for the pelvis.

10 No. 10 of The coccyx. A. Is also a triangular shaped bone that is made of 4 fused coccygeal vertebras. B. It is attached to the sacrum by a non-cartilaginous joint and this allows some movement between them. C. It is attached to the sacrum by a small fused bone and this prevents movement between them. D. Is also a triangular shaped bone that is made of 4 separate vertebras. A. Correct! It s also a triangular shaped bone that is made of 4 fused coccygeal vertebra. B. Incorrect! It is attached to the sacrum by cartilage and this allows some movement between them. It is attached to the sacrum by cartilage and this allows some movement between them. It s also a triangular shaped bone that is made of 4 fused coccygeal vertebras. The coccyx is also a triangular shaped bone that is made of 4 fused coccygeal vertebra, and is also known as the tailbone. It is attached to the sacrum by cartilage and this allows some movement between them, and shock absorbance.

The Skeletal System. Parts of the skeletal system. Bones (Skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments

The Skeletal System. Parts of the skeletal system. Bones (Skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system Bones (Skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments Functions of the Bones Support Internal framework of the body Protection Skull and vertebrae protect brain