16) M. quadriceps femoris, m. tensor fasciae latae, m. sartorius

Transcription

1 Anatomy 1 - Lesson XIII: Myologia Part IV Objective: Students will examine the muscles of a canine in order to identify the musculature of the body.. Practical Tasks 15-18: 15) Medial muscles of the thigh, canalis femoralis 16) M. quadriceps femoris, m. tensor fasciae latae, m. sartorius 17) Tarsal flexors 18) Digital extensors of the hindlimb Practical Task 15: Medial muscles of the thigh & canalis femoralis

2 Clean and show the femoral canal between pectineus, Sartorius pars caudalis and iliopsoas. Separate gracilis from underlying muscles with your finger. You can move it or transect it. Beneath gracilis is semimembranosus (do not separate its heads). The large adductor (brevis and magnum) muscle is also visible cranially to gracilis and semimembranosus Clean and separate pectineus from the other muscles. Clean and separate Sartorius pars caudal and cranial. Start at the cranial border of the (femoral triangle. (Tensor faciae lata is also visible below the cranial part of Sartorius) (Find iliopsoas if there is time)

3 Practical Task 16: M. quadriceps femoris, m. tensor fasciae latae, & m. Sartorius

4 Start craniomedially with sartorius Dissect and transect the both parts of Sartorius. You will find rectus femoris under the the cranial part of Sartorius and vastus medialis under the caudal part. Lateral to rectus femoris can vastus lateralis be found. Lift rectus with your fingers and transect it to find vastus intermedius. Tensor faciae latae can be seen from medially. Go laterally and clean tensor fasciae latae (you can transect it to easily find vastus lateralis but first you have to separate it from biceps femoris Practical Task 17: Tarsal flexors

5 Start cranially with tibialis cranialis. Trace it to its insertion. It runs under the crural extensor retinaculum. Grab the next one more laterally. Trace it. It goes under both crural and tarsal retinaculum. It divides in four tendons of insertion. And is the long digital extensor. Its tendon is tiny and long. Next one is more caudally. Grab and trace it. It arise from the collateral ligament of stifle+ adjacent parts of fibula and tibia. It s turning laterally and is not covered by the crural or the tarsal retinaculum but it has a synovial sheet. Notice that its lying in a sulcus of the right malleolus and is inserted on the fourth tarsal bone. It s the peroneus longus. The peroneus longus tendon Is strong. Take next one more caudally. It s attached to fibula and is peroneus brevis. Transect the extensor retinaculum and divide tibialis cranialis and long digital extensor. You will find the small extensor hallicus longus. Trace it to its insertion on the first digit if it exists. Practical Task 18: Digital extensors of the hindlimb M. extensor digitorum brevis o Origin: cranial tarsal surface from connective tissue of hock o Insertion: 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th proximal phalanx o Action: Extends 2 nd, 3 rd, and 4 th digits

6 Start cranially with tibialis cranialis. Trace it to its insertion. It runs under the crural extensor retinaculum. Grab the next one more laterally. Trace it. It goes under both crural and tarsal retinaculum. It divides in four tendons of insertion. And is the long digital extensor. Its tendon is tiny and long. Next one is more caudally. Grab and trace it. It arise from the collateral ligament of stifle+ adjacent parts of fibula and tibia. It s turning laterally and is not covered by the crural or the tarsal retinaculum but it has a synovial sheet. Notice that its lying in a sulcus of the right malleolus and is inserted on the fourth tarsal bone. It s the peroneus longus. The peroneus longus tendon Is strong. Take next one more caudally. Trace it to its insertion. It s the lateral digital extensor. Take next one more caudally. It s attached to fibula and is peroneus brevis. Transect the extensor retinaculum and divide tibialis cranialis and long digital extensor. You will find the small extensor hallicus longus. Trace it to its insertion on the first digit if it exists. You will find the extensor digitalis brevis by lifting the long digital extensor. Do not cut laterally around the long digital extensor, if you do that, you will probably destroy the short digital extensor and the lateral digital extensor.