Lower limb summary. Anterior compartment of the thigh. Done By: Laith Qashou. Doctor_2016

Transcription

1 Lower limb summary Done By: Laith Qashou Doctor_2016 Anterior compartment of the thigh Sartorius Anterior superior iliac spine Upper medial surface of shaft of tibia 1. Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip 2. Flexes and medially rotates leg At knee Pectineus ramus of pubis Upper end of Linea aspera of shaft of Flexes and adducts thigh at hip Psoas major Transverse processes, bodies, and intervertebral discs of the T12 L5 Lesser trochanter of Lumbar plexus L1,L2,L3 1. Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed (The insertion is fixed while the origin is moving). 2. It flexes the trunk on thigh as in sitting up from lying down. Iliacus Iliac fossa of hip bone Lesser trochanter of medialis Upper end and shaft of (linear origin) 1. It Flexes thigh on trunk; if thigh is fixed (The insertion is fixed while the origin is moving). 2. It flexes the trunk on thigh as in sitting up from lying down. lateralis Upper end and shaft of (linear origin) intermedius Anterior and lateral surfaces of shaft of Rectus femoris 1. Straight head from anterior inferior iliac spine. 2. Reflected head from ilium above acetabulum 1. Flexes the thigh at hip 2. Extends the leg at knee 1 P age BY I Laith Qashou

2 Medial compartment of the thigh Adductor Body of pubis, medial to pubic shaft Adducts thigh at hip joint tubercle of (linea aspera) Adductor Inferior ramus of pubis shaft Adducts thigh at hip joint brevis of (linea aspera) Adductor magnus Ischio pubic ramus 1. linea aspera 2. gluteal tuberosity 3. medial supracondylar Adducts thigh at hip joint Gracilis externus Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium Outer surface of obturator membrane and pubic and ischial rami line Upper part of shaft of tibia on medial surface (SGS) area Medial surface of greater trochanter 1. Adducts thigh at hip 2. Flexes leg at knee Laterally rotates thigh at hip joint maximus Gluteal Region 1 Back of Ilium behind the 1.Gluteal tuberosity of Inferior posterior gluteal line. (1/4) gluteal 2 Back of sacrum and coccyx 2.iliotibial tract (3/4) (L5,S1,S2) and sacrotuberous ligament. 1. Extension, lateral rotation and abduction of thigh. 2. Extension of the knee. Tensor fasciae latae iliac crest iliotibial tract gluteal 1. Extension of the knee, 2. Flexion, abduction and medial rotation of thigh. medius minimus outer surface of Ilium outer surface of Ilium Greater trochanter of Anterior surface Greater trochanter of gluteal gluteal 1. Abduction and medial rotation of the thigh. 2. Help stabilize hip to allow balanced walk. 1. Abduction and medial rotation of the thigh. 2. Help stabilize hip to allow balanced walk. 2 P age BY I Laith Qashou

3 Lateral rotators of the thigh piriformis pelvic surface of the middle greater trochanter of the L5,S1,S2 3 pieces of the sacrum (top) internus gemellus Inferior gemellus Quadrats femoris externus 1. Pelvic surface of the obturator membrane. 2. Bones surrounding the obturator foramen. ischial spine 1. External surface of the obturator membrane. 2. The adjacent margin of the foramen. medial surface of the greater trochanter of the tendon of the obturator internus muscle tendon of the obturator internus muscle Into the quadrate tubercle of the inter trochanteric crest of the trochanteric fossa Nerve to obturator internus Nerve to obturator internus Nerve to quadratus femoris Nerve to quadratus femoris Posterior division of the Nerve (L3,L4) Posterior compartment of the thigh (Hamstring) Biceps femoris Long head: Ischial tuberosity Short head: 1. linea aspera 2. lateral supracondylar ridge of shaft of. Head(styloid process) of the fibula Long head; Sciatic Short head; common peroneal branch of Sciatic 1. Flexes and laterally rotates leg at knee 2. Long head extends thigh at hip Semitendinosus upper part of medial surface of the tibia (SGS) Semimembranosus medial condyle of the tibia Sciatic Sciatic 1. Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee 2. Extends thigh at hip 1. Flexes and medially rotates leg at knee joint 2. Extends thigh at hip Adductor Magnus (hamstring portion) Adductor tubercle of Sciatic Extends thigh at hip joint 3 P age BY I Laith Qashou

4 Anterior compartment of the leg Tibialis anterior 1. shaft of tibia. 2. Interosseous membrane. 1. Medial cuneiform. 2. Base of first metatarsal bone. 1. Extends foot at ankle 2. Inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal Joints. 3. Holds up medial longitudinal arch of foot. Extensor hallucis Base of distal phalanx of great toe. 1. Extends big toe. 2. Extends foot at ankle Joint. 3. Inverts foot at subtalar and Extensor digitorum Extensor expansion of lateral four toes. 1. Extends toes. 2. Extends foot at ankle Peroneus tertius Base of Fifth metatarsal bone. 1. Extends foot at ankle Fibularis (peroneus) Lateral compartment of the leg Superficial shaft of fibula peroneal (Upper 2/3) 1. Base of first metatarsal. 2. The medial cuneiform. 1. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 3. Supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot. Fibularis (peroneus) brevis shaft of fibula (Lower 2/3) Base of fifth metatarsal bone Superficial peroneal 1. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 3. Supports lateral longitudinal and transverse arches of foot. 4 P age BY I Laith Qashou

5 Posterior compartment of the leg (Superficial) Gastrocnemius 1. Lateral head from lateral condyle of. 2. Medial head from above Medial condyle. Tibial Plantaris Lateral supracondylar ridge of Soleus Shafts of tibia and fibula Tibial Tibial 1. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 2. Flexes knee 1. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 2. Flexes knee 1. Together with Gastrocnemius and Plantaris is powerful plantar flexor of ankle 2. Provides main propulsive force in walking. Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum Flexor hallucis Popliteus Posterior compartment of the leg (Deep) 1. Tuberosity of Tibial shafts of tibia and navicular bone and (S2,3) fibula. other neighboring 2. Interosseous bones. membrane. Arch of foot. shaft of tibia. shaft lateral condyle of. Bases of distal phalanges of lateral four toes. Base of distal phalanx of big toe. shaft of tibia above soleal line. Sorry for any mistake Good luck Tibial (S2,3) Tibial (S2,3) Tibial (L4,L5,S1) 1. Inverts foot at subtalar And 2. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 3. Supports medial longitudinal 1. Flexes distal phalanges of lateral four toes. 2. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 3. Supports medial and lateral longitudinal arches of foot. 1. Flexes distal phalanx of big toe. 2. Plantar flexes foot at ankle 3. Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot. 1. Flexes leg at knee 2. Unlocks knee joint by lateral rotation of on tibia and Slackens ligaments of 5 P age BY I Laith Qashou