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1 1 * - (Msc) - (Msc.) - (MD) - (MD) - (MD) 1 1 (MD) - (MD) * : dr_mohsen_mardani@yahoo.com : 9//14 : 91/1/0 :. : : ( 69/) :.. MRI ( 44/7) (). 4/ 75/8 : ( 1/6) ( 3/5). ( 31) ( 56) /.(P<0/0001). ( 89) ( 66). : : 87.(5 4).(6). / / / :.(1).(3 ).. /

2 minor.(11) knee distortion :. (MCL) () (MM) (LCL) (PCL) ) (LM). ( ( ).. P<0/05 - (Chicago, IL, USA)19 Spss. ( 69/) / ( 1068) 75/8 47/ ( 341) ( 665 ) ( 744) 5/8 ( 570) 76/6. direct ). ( 10) 16/ (contact 3/4 /4. ( 6) 10) 1/4 ( 18) 665. ( /6 33/4 ( ).(6-8) -.(9-1 ) (14 13) ( ) /87 / / 49

3 - -. (. ( ) (44/7) 404 (3/5) 1 (1/6) 195 (7/4) 67 (1/4) 13 (1/4) 13 (100) 887 MM LM MCL LCL PCL : Anterior Cruciate Ligament, MM: Medial Meniscus LM: Lateral Meniscus, MCL: Medial Collateral Ligament LCL: Lateral Collateral Ligament, PCL: Posterior Cruciate Ligament ( 43) ( 9) 193 ( 71) (P<0/0001) ( 56). ( 31) - ( 4) ( 8). ( 1) ( ).(1 ).1 ( ) (66/6) 443 (7/4) 18 (17/1) 114 (15/8) 105 (4/7) 3 (1) 6 (0/6) 4 (33/4) (1/) 81 (10/9) 73 (5/3) 35 (/6) 17 (1/1) 7 (1/3) 9 (100) 665 MM LM MCL LCL PCL +MM +LM +MCL +MM+LM +LCL +PCL : Anterior Cruciate Ligament, MM: Medial Meniscus, LM: Lateral Meniscus, MCL: Medial Collateral Ligament, LCL: Lateral Collateral Ligament, PCL: Posterior Cruciate Ligament 887 3/5 44/7 1/6.( ). 1/4. 1/ ( ) ) /87 / /

4 (6) 76.(6).. (Balistic movements) weight-bearing rotation.(18,17) : (Planting and Cutting) (Pivoting).(18 17).. ( 66).(P<0/05 ) ( 89).(11).(7)..(11 7) 9-0.(11).(1) 39) 1/45. ( 61) /5 (.(11) 69.(16 15) 9 8 sex-related skeletal - variation.(17) Q /87 / / 51

5 Gage BE, McIlvain NM, Collins CL, Fields SK, Dawn Comstock R. Epidemiology of 6.6 Million Knee Injuries Presenting to United States Emergency Departments From 1999 Through 008. Academic Emergency Medicine 01;19(4): Louw QA, Manilall J, Grimmer KA. Epidemiology of Knee Injuries Among Adolescents: a Systematic Review. Br J Sports Med 008;4(1): Smith AM, Scott SG, Wiese DM. The Psychological Effects of S ports Iinjuries. Coping. Sports Med 1990;9(6): Simon TD, Bublitz C, Hambidge SJ. Emergency Department Visits Among Pediatric Patients for Sports-Related Iinjury: Basic Epidemiology and Impact of Race/ Ethnicity and Insurance Status. Pediatr Emerg Care 006;(5): Yang J, Marshall SW, Bowling JM, Runyan CW, Mueller FO, Lewis MA. Use of Discretionary Protective Equipment and Rate of Lower Extremity Injury in High School Athletes. Am J Epidemiol 005;161(6): Kujala UM, Taimela S, Antti-Poika I, Orava S, Tuominen R, Myllynen P. Acute Injuries in Soccer, Ice Hockey, Volleyball, Basketball, Judo, and Karate: Analysis of National Registry Data. BMJ 1995;311(7018): Holzach P, Bruesch M, Matter P. [Epidemiology of Internal Knee Injuries in Alpine Skiing]. Helv Chir Acta. 1994;60(4): Wadley GH, Albright JP. Women's Intercollegiate Gymnastics. Injury P atterns and "Permanent" Medical Disability. Am J Sports Med 1993;1(): Adirim TA, Barouh A. Common Orthopaedic Iinjuries in Young Athletes. Current Paediatrics 006;16(3): Engstrom B, Johansson C, Tornkvist H. Soccer Injuries Among Elite Female Players. Am J Sports Med 1991;19(4): Majewski M, Susanne H, Klaus S. Epidemiology of Athletic Knee Injuries: A 10-Year Study. Knee 006;13(3): Hutchinson MR, Ireland ML. Knee Injuries in Female Athletes. Sports Med 1995;19(4): Arendt EA. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. Curr Womens Health Rep 001;1(3): Ingram JG, Fields SK, Yard EE, Comstock RD. Epidemiology of Knee Injuries Among Boys and Girls in US High School Athletics. Am J Sports Med 008;36(6): Giugliano DN, Solomon JL. tears in female Athletes. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am 007;18(3): v 16. Toth AP, Cordasco FA. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in the Female Athlete. J Gend Specif Med 001;4(4): Lewis T. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Female Athletes: Why are Women so Vulnerable?: Literature review. Physiotherapy 000;86(9): Moeller JL, Lamb MM. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Female Athletes: Why are Women More Susceptible? Phys Sportsmed 1997;5(4): /87 / /

6 Evaluation of the Factors Associated with Knee Injuries among Guilan Athletes * Mardani Kivi M. (MD) 1 - Asadi M. (MD) - Haghshenas M. (MD) - Rahimi Moghaddam S.R. (Msc) - Azizi A. (Msc) - Hashemi-Motlagh K. (MD) 1 - Saheb-Ekhtiari KH. (MD) 1 *Corresponding Address: Orthopedic Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Received: 0/ Feb/013 Abstract: Accepted: 04/ May/013 dr_mohsen_mardani@yahoo.com Introduction: The knee is the most commonly injured joint by adolescent athletes. Since there is almost no published study reporting the type and frequency of knee injuries among Iranian athletes, this study is sought to fill the mentioned gap. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the epidemiology of knee injuries among the patients presented to Sports Medicine Committee of Guilan Province from 010 to 01. Materials and Methods: Of the 035 patients, 1409 injuries (69.%) were associated with the knee joint. 68.1% of those patients were men and 31.6% were women. After recording the demographic characteristics and physical examination, plain antero-posterior and lateral radiographs were performed, if necessary, and in the suspected diagnosis, further evaluation such as MRI and arthroscopy were performed. Results: tear was the most common cause of internal knee injuries (44.7%), followed by medial meniscus (3.5%) and lateral meniscus (1.6%). Almost half of the patients were between the ages of 0-9 (43%). Despite the smaller number of women, the rate of tears was significantly higher in them than that in men. The most common sports associated with internal knee injuries were soccer/futsal (56%) and martial arts (31%). The highest risk for injury in male and female athletes was observed while performing soccer (66%) and martial arts (89%), respectively. Conclusion: Knowledge of the epidemiology and specific pattern of injury of the knee joint during sports may help prevent, diagnose, and treat knee joint injuries. Conflict of interest: non declared Keywords: Epidemiology/ Knee Joint/ Sports/ Trauma Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, No: 87, Pages: Please cite this article as: Mardani Kivi M, Asadi M, Haghshenas M, Moghaddam Rahimi SR, Azizi A, Hashemi- Motlagh K, Saheb-Ekhtiari KH Evaluation of the Factors Associated with Knee Injuries among Guilan Athletes J of Guilan University of Med Sci 013; (87): [Text In Persian] 1. Orthopedic Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. Sport Medicine Committee, Rasht, Guilan, Iran 139 /87 / / 53