PHYS. ED. VCE student worksheets

Transcription

1 HARRY BROOKES ALLEN MUSEUM OF ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY PHYS. ED. VCE student worksheets PHOTOGRAPHY & FILMING IN THE MUSEUM ARE STRICTLY PROHIBITED Real people have generously donated their bodies so that students can learn about health and disease. Our donors deserve the utmost respect and admiration for their invaluable contribution to medical science. In accordance with the Human Tissue Act and out of respect for our body donors. Name Date School mdhs.unimelb.edu.au/harrybrookesallenmuseum facebook.com/harrybrookesallenmuseumofanatomyandpathology

2 Museum Annexe (refer to map on page 10 of this worksheet) The museum annexe contains displays that will give you a general introduction to the anatomy and pathology of the human body. Please take some time to familiarise yourself with the way the specimens are displayed. The Musculoskeletal System Activity One Anatomical Principles: a) Familiarise yourself with the various anatomical terms and principles displayed in cabinet 36. Vertebral Column: View the cross-sections in cabinet 36C and note the thick deep vertebral muscles, supporting the spinal column. b) Indicate with an arrow, the deep vertebral muscles on the image of the specimen below. Similarly, circle the thin dispersed muscles that surround the thoracic and abdominal walls: Activity Two Bones & Joints: View the developing humerus in cabinet 37D and identify the epiphyseal lines. These epiphyseal lines can also be viewed as epiphyseal plates on the juvenile skeletons in this museum. a) What does the epiphyseal plate represent in the developing skeleton? b) What does the epiphyseal line represent in the adult skeleton? c) What types of joints can be viewed in cabinet 36A? d) What movements would be allowed at each of the joints listed above: 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 2

3 Activity Three Muscles: a) List the three different muscle types that can be found in the human body (see cabinet 36B): 1) 2) 3) b) Examine the different types of skeletal muscle shapes in cabinet 36B. Name each type of muscle shape and give an example of each: 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Activity Four Cardiovascular System: a) Cabinet 35B displays an Upper Limb specimen (100362) with veins exposed. What do you think the bumps in the veins represent? b) Why would the veins appear darker in colour than arteries? 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 3

4 Main Museum (refer to map on page 10 of this worksheet) Activity Five Vertebral Column: a) Refer to the vertebral columns in cabinet 22C and examine the curvatures of the spine. Note the lumbar and thoracic curvatures are these primary or secondary curvatures? Lumbar: Thoracic: b) See Specimen on top of cabinet 22A. Can you view the intervertebral discs in between each vertebra? Indicate with an arrow on the image below: Activity Six Bones & Joints: View the Tramond models of the shoulder joint in cabinet 22A. These models are made from real bone, with horse-hair and resin forming the tendons, ligaments and capsule. a) What type of joint is the shoulder and which movements are permitted? b) See specimen in cabinet 20D to view a cross section of the shoulder joint. c) View the articulated skeletal hands in cabinet 21A. Note the many bones (carpals) that make up the hand. d) View the Tramond models of the knee joint in cabinet 24C. What type of joint is the knee joint and which movements are permitted? e) You can view the bones of the foot (metacarpals) in cabinet 25A Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 4

5 Activity Seven Muscles: a) Label the superficial muscles of the back on specimen below (view specimen in the 'Back Bay'): View the deep, more longitudinal muscles of the back on specimen , located on the top of cabinet 22A. b) Identify the different muscle groups of the lower limb specimen in cabinet 24B. Label the groups on the image below: Anterior View Posterior View 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 5

6 Activity Eight Nervous control of muscles: A plexus of nerves supplies the Upper Limb muscles, the Brachial Plexus, specimen in cabinet 21B. a) Can you locate these nerves in the large specimen to the right of this cabinet, specimen 496? Label the following structures on the diagram below: A) Aorta B) Heart C) Brachial plexus D) A nerve E) Muscle b) View specimen in cabinet 25A. What is the large nerve running down the back of the leg? c) View specimen 481 also in cabinet 24B. Note the nerve exiting the pelvis, running down the anterior aspect of the thigh and branching out to supply this muscle group. Can you name this major nerve running down the front of the thigh? 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 6

7 Cardiovascular & Respiratory Systems Activity Nine The following question relates to specimen in the 'Thorax Bay': A B This specimen is a dissection showing structures in the neck and upper part of the thorax. The structure at the back is the spinal column. Also dissected are: the aorta (main artery from the heart) and trachea ( windpipe ). a) Identify the following structures (from image above): A) B) b) What are the four chambers of the heart? 1) 2) 3) 4) c) Label the chambers in the following diagram and show the direction of blood flow through the heart (use arrows to indicate flow direction): 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 7

8 The following image is specimen in cabinet 6A: d) What do you notice about the thickness of the walls of the atria and ventricles? e) Why do you think this might be so? This activity relates to specimen on top of cabinet 5C: A D B C E f) Can you identify the following structures in this specimen? A) B) C) D) E) g) Why is the right dome of the diaphragm higher than the left dome? h) Why is the wall of Structure C thicker than the wall of Structure A? 2012 Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 8

9 Activity Ten The lungs are made of functionally separate lobes. These lobes are serviced by air passages formed by bronchii. a) Label the trachea or windpipe, primary, secondary and tertiary bronchii on the diagram below: b) View the different lungs in the 'Thorax Bay' and see if you can identify the different lobes on each. In addition to the above activities, we recommend you spend some time exploring the following displays in the remaining time: Respiratory System: cabinets 4A 4C plus cabinets 5 and 6. Cardiovascular System: cabinets 5 and 6 plus cabinets 7A 7C. Musculoskeletal System bays on the right-hand side of the museum Harry Brookes Allen Museum of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Melbourne 9

10 MUSEUM MAP 92,37-873,4668:8 Screen HARRY BROOKES ALLEN MUSEUM OF ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY Store Room Meeting Room D A Curators Office 2. MAIN MUSEUM (E309) Reproductive & Urinary Systems Urinary and Male Reproductive System Female Reproductive System D E Brain & CNS Brain and CNS the Brain and CNS Abdomen Hepatobiliary System Gastrointestinal System C Computers F Musculoskeletal System Upper Limb & Back Musculoskeletal System Thorax Cardiovascular System Respiratory System B G Musculoskeletal System Lower Limb & Pelvis Musculoskeletal System Map Men Lymphatic & Endocrine Systems Lymphatic System Endocrine System A Skeletons Integumentary System the skin Head & Neck Hydrocephalus Skulls Fibrodysplasia ossificans Exit via Lecture Theatre