Muscle Anatomy Review Chart
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1 Muscle Anatomy Review Chart BACK Superficial (5) Trapezius Transverse cervical a. Latissimus dorsi Thoracodorsal a. Rhomboideus major Dorsal scapular a. Rhomboideus minor Levator scapulae Intermediate (2) Serratus posterior superior Intercostal a.
2 Serratus posterior inferior Splenius capitis Deep (4) Splenius cervicis Semispinalis Erector spinae: Iliocostalis Lonigissimus Spinalis Lateral sacral a.
3 SHOULDER AND PECTORAL REGION Shoulder (7) Deltoid Thoracoacromial a. (deltoid branch) Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Anastomoses from subclavian or axillar a. that include: Suprascapular a. Dorsal scapular a. Circumflex scapular a. Teres major Subscapularis Omohyoid
4 Pectoral region (4) Pectoralis major Thoracoacromial a. (pectoral branches) Pectoralis minor Serratus anterior Lateral thoracic a. Subclavius Thoracoacromial a. (clavicular branch)
5 ARM Anterior (3) Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii (long, short) Brachial a. & its branches Brachialis Posterior (2) Triceps brachii (long, lateral, medial) Anconeus Profunda brachii a.
6 FOREARM Pronator teres Ulnar a. & radial a. Anterior (superficial 5) Flexor carpi radialis Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar a. Flexor digitorum superficialis Palmaris longus Anterior (deep 3) Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus Anterior interosseus a. Flexor pollicis longus
7 Brachioradialis Radial recurrent a. Posterior (12) Extensor carpi Radial a. radialis longus Extensor carpi Radial a. radialis brevis Supinator Radial recurrent a. Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Ulnar a. Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indices Posterior interosseus a. from common interosseous a. branch from ulnar a. Extensor digiti minimi
8 FOREARM Thenar (3) Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Superficial palmar branch of the radial a. Opponens pollicis Hypothenar (3) Abductor digiti minimi Ulnar a. Flexor digit minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi Short (Palmar 9) Lumbrical Superficial palmar arch Deep palmar arch Common palmar digital a Dorsal digital a.
9 Lumbrical Superficial palmar arch Deep palmar arch Common palmar digital a Dorsal digital a. Palmar interossei (1-3) Palmaris brevis Dorsal metacarpal a. & palmar metacarpal a. Palmar branches of the ulnar a. Adductor pollicis Deep palmar arterial arch Short (Dorsal 4) Dorsal interossei (1-4) Dorsal metacarpal a. & palmar metacarpal a.
10 GLUTEAL REGION Gluteal Region (8) Gluteus maximus Superior a. & inferior gluteal a. Gluteus medius Superior gluteal a. Gluteus minimus Piriformis Inferior gluteal a. Internal pudendal a. Obturator internus Superior gluteal a. Superior gemellus Inferior gluteal a. Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris
11 THIGH Anterior (7) Iliopsoas Lumbar branch of iliopsoas branch of internal iliac a. Pectineus Medial circumflex femoral branch of femoral a. & obturator a. Sartorius Femoral a. branches Rectus femoris (quadriceps) Medial circumflex femoral a. Vastus lateralis (quadriceps) Lateral circumflex femoral a. Vastus medialis (quadriceps) Femoral a. Profunda femoris a. Superior medial genicular branch of popliteal a.
12 Vastus intermedius (quadriceps) Lateral circumflex femoral a. Gracilis Medial (5) Obturator externus Obturator a. Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Posterior (3) Semimenbranosus (hamstrings) Semitendinosus (hamstrings) Biceps femoris (long head) (hamstrings) Biceps femoris (short head) Perforating branches of: Profunda femoris a. Inferior gluteal a. Superior branches of popliteal a. N/a Tensor fasciae latae Superior gluteal a. Lateral circumflex femoral a.
13 LEG Tibialis anterior Anterior (4) Extensor hallucis longus Anterior tibial a. Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius Lateral (2) Fibularis longus Branches of fibular a. Fibularis brevis Posterior (superficial 3) Soleus Gastrocnemius Posterior tibial a.
14 Plantaris Posterior (deep 4) Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Popliteus
15 FOOT Flexor (layer 1) (3) Flexor digitorum brevis Medial plantar a. Abductor hallucis Abductor digiti minimi Lateral plantar a. Flexor (layer 2) (6) Flexor hallucis brevis Medial plantar a. Lumbrical 1 Lumbrical 2 Lateral plantar a. Lumbrical 3 Lumbrical 4
16 Quadratus plantae Flexor (layer 3) (2) Flexor (layer 4) (7) Adductor hallucis (transverse head) Adductor hallucis (oblique head) Lateral plantar a. Flexor digiti minimi brevis Plantar interossei (1-3) Dorsal interossei (1-4)
17 Filled - in Muscle Anatomy Review Chart BACK Superficial (5) Intermediate (2) Deep (4) Trapezius Latissimus dorsi rotate scapula; elevate, retract shoulder extend, ADduct, medially rotate humerus Accessory n. (CN XI) Transverse cervical a. Thoracodorsal n. Thoracodorsal a. Rhomboideus major retract and rotate scapula, fix scapula to thoracic wall Dorsal scapular n. Dorsal scapular a. Rhomboideus minor Levator scapulae elevate, rotate scapula Serratus posterior elevate ribs on inspiration 2 5 Intercostal n. Intercostal a. superior Serratus posterior ribs down, out on inspiration VPR T9 T12 inferior Splenius capitis laterally bend neck to ipsilateral side; extend head, Dorsal rami of spinal n. neck in conjunction Splenius cervicis Semispinalis extend neck; rotate head Dorsal rami of cervical spinal n. Erector spinae: Iliocostalis, Lonigissimus, Spinalis extend vertebral column, bend laterally Dorsal rami of respective spinal n. Lateral sacral a.
18 SHOULDER AND PECTORAL REGION Shoulder (7) Deltoid flex, extend, ABduct humerus Axillary n. Thoracoacromial a. (deltoid branch) Supraspinatus ABduct humerus Suprascapular n. Anastomoses from Pectoral region (4) Infraspinatus laterally rotate humerus Suprascapular n. Teres minor Axillary n. Teres major ADDuct, extend, medially Lower subscapular n. rotate humerus Subscapularis medially rotate humerus Upper & lower subscapular n. Omohyoid depress hyoid bone Cervical n. C1-C3 via ansa cervicalis Pectoralis major ADduct, medially rotate, extend, flex humerus subclavian or axillar a. that include: Suprascapular a. Dorsal scapular a. Circumflex scapular a. Lateral & medial pectoral n. Thoracoacromial a. (pectoral branches) Pectoralis minor protract, depress scapula Medial pectoral n. Serratus anterior protract, rotate scapula Long thoracic n. Lateral thoracic a. Subclavius depress scapula Subclavian n. Thoracoacromial a. (clavicular branch)
19 ARM Anterior (3) Posterior (2) Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii (long, short) Brachialis Triceps brachii (long, lateral, medial) Anconeus flex, ADduct arm flex arm, forearm; supinate forearm flex forearm extend arm, forearm extend forearm Musculocutaneous n. Brachial a. & its branches Radial n. Profunda brachii a.
20 FOREARM Anterior (superficial 5) Anterior (deep 3) Posterior (12) Pronator teres pronate, flex forearm Median n. Ulnar a. & radial a. Flexor carpi radialis flex hand, ABduct wrist Flexor carpi ulnaris flex, ADduct wrist Ulnar n. Flexor digitorum flex PIP; flex MP Ulnar a. superficialis Median n. Palmaris longus flex wrist; tighten palmar aponeurosis Flexor digitorum profundus flex DIP of digits Medial: ulnar n. Lateral: median n. Anterior interosseus a. Pronator quadratus pronate forearm Anterior interosseus n. of Flexor pollicis longus flex IP of thumb median n. Brachioradialis flex forearm Radial recurrent a. Extensor carpi extend, ABduct wrist; Radial n. Radial a. radialis longus fist clenching Extensor carpi Deep branch of radial n. Radial a. radialis brevis Supinator supinate forearm, rotate radius Radial recurrent a. Extensor carpi extend, ADduct wrist Ulnar a. ulnaris Extensor digitorum Abductor pollicis longus extend MP of digits; extend IP extend IP, ABduct, extend thumb Posterior interosseus n. of radial n. Posterior
21 Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor indices Extensor digiti minimi extend IP thumb, ABduct, extend thumb extend MP and MCP of thumb, ABduct, extend thumb extend 2 nd digit extend MP 5 th digit; extend IP interosseus a. from common interosseous a. branch from ulnar a.
22 HAND Thenar (3) Hypothenar (3) Short (Palmar 9) Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digit minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi Lumbrical ABduct/oppose thumb flex thumb oppose, medially rotate thumb ABduct 5 th digit flex MPC of 5 th digit oppose 5 th digit to thumb flex MPC joint; extend IP joint Recurrent branch of median n. Superficial palmar branch of the radial a. Deep branch of ulnar n. Ulnar a. Median n. Superficial palmar arch Deep palmar arch Common palmar digital a Dorsal digital a. Lumbrical Deep branch of ulnar n. Superficial palmar arch Deep palmar arch Common palmar digital a Dorsal digital a.
23 Palmar interossei (1-3) ADduct digits; flex MCP joint; extend IP joint Dorsal metacarpal a. & palmar metacarpal a. Short (Dorsal 4) Palmaris brevis improves grip Superficial branch of ulnar n. Palmar branches of the ulnar a. Adductor pollicis ADduct thumb Deep branch of ulnar n. Deep palmar arterial arch Dorsal interossei (1-4) ABduct digits; flex MCP joint; extend IP joint Deep branch of ulnar n. Dorsal metacarpal a. & palmar metacarpal a.
24 GLUTES Gluteal Region (8) Gluteus maximus extend, laterally rotate thigh Inferior gluteal n. Superior a. & inferior gluteal a. Gluteus medius ABduct, medially rotate thigh Superior gluteal n. Superior gluteal a. Gluteus minimus Piriformis laterally rotate thigh Ventral rami of S1 and S2 Inferior gluteal a. Obturator internus Nerve to obturator internus Internal pudendal a. Superior gluteal a. Superior gemellus Inferior gemellus Nerve to quadratus femoris Inferior gluteal a. Quadratus femoris
25 THIGH Anterior (7) Iliopsoas Pectineus Sartorius Rectus femoris (quadriceps) Vastus lateralis (quadriceps) Vastus medialis (quadriceps) flex thigh; flex and laterally bend lumbar spine flex, ADduct, laterally rotate thigh at hip flex, ABduct, laterally rot hip; flex, medially rotate knee flex hip; extend knee extend leg at knee Femoral n. (for iliacus) & lumbar plexus (psoas) Femoral n. & obturator n. Femoral n. Lumbar branch of iliopsoas branch of internal iliac a. Medial circumflex femoral branch of femoral a. & obturator a. Femoral a. branches Medial circumflex femoral a. Lateral circumflex femoral a. Femoral a. Profunda femoris a. Superior medial genicular branch of popliteal a. Vastus intermedius (quadriceps) Lateral circumflex femoral a.
26 Medial (5) Posterior (3) Gracilis Obturator externus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor magnus Semimenbranosus (hamstrings) Semitendinosus (hamstrings) Biceps femoris (long head) (hamstrings) flex, ADduct, thigh at hip; flex, medially rot knee Obturator n. laterally rotate, ADuct hip; holds head of femur in acetabulum flex, ADduct thigh at hip flex, extend, ADduct, laterally rotate thigh at hip ADduct thigh; adductor flex Obturator n. & tibial n. thigh; hamstring extend thigh extend thigh; flex, medially rotate leg Tibial n. extend thigh; flex, laterally rotate leg Biceps femoris (short head) N/a Tensor fasciae latae ABduct, medially rotate, flex thigh flex, laterally rotate leg Common fibular n. Obturator a. Perforating branches of: Profunda femoris a. Inferior gluteal a. Superior branches of popliteal a. Superior gluteal n. Superior gluteal a. Lateral circumflex femoral a.
27 LEG Anterior (4) Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius dorsiflex ankle; invert foot dorsiflex ankle; extend 1 st digit dorsiflex ankle; extend 2 5 digit dorsiflex ankle; evert foot Lateral (2) Fibularis longus evert foot; weak plantarflexion of ankle Fibularis brevis Posterior (superficial 3) Posterior (deep 4) Soleus plantarflex ankle; raise heal to walk Gastrocnemius flex leg; plantarflex foot Plantaris Tibialis posterior plantarflex ankle; invert foot Flexor digitorum flex digits 2 5, plantarflex longus ankle, supports long arch Flexor hallucis flex 1 st digit; plantarflex ankle; longus support med long arch of foot Popliteus weakly flex knee; rotate femur on fixed tibia and unlocks leg; medially rotate tibia of unplanted limb Deep fibular n. Anterior tibial a. Superficial fibular n. Branches of fibular a. Tibial n. Posterior tibial a.
28 FOOT Flexor (layer 1) (3) Flexor (layer 2) (6) Flexor (layer 3) (2) Flexor (layer 4) (7) Flexor digitorum brevis Abductor hallucis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor hallucis brevis flex digits 2 5 Medial plantar n. Medial plantar a. ADduct 1 st digit; support transverse arch ABduct, flex 5 th digit Lateral plantar n. Lateral plantar a. flex proximal phalanx 1 st digit Medial plantar n. Medial plantar a. Lumbrical 1 flex PIP; extend DIP digit 2 4 Lumbrical 2 Lumbrical 3 Lumbrical 4 Quadratus plantae flex digits 2 5 Adductor hallucis (transverse head) Adductor hallucis (oblique head) Flexor digiti minimi brevis ADduct 1 st digit; support transverse arch Lateral plantar n. Lateral plantar a. Deep branch of lateral plantar n. plex proximal phalanx 5 th Superficial branch of lateral digit plantar n. Plantar interossei (1-3) ADduct digits 2 4; flex MP Lateral plantar n. Dorsal interossei (1-4) ABduct digits 2 4; flex MP Lateral plantar a.
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