Ligaments of the vertebral column:
|
|
- Laurence Chambers
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 In the last lecture we started talking about the joints in the vertebral column, and we said that there are two types of joints between adjacent vertebrae: 1. Between the bodies of the vertebrae; which is the intervertebral disc (cartilaginous) and we talked about it in the last lecture. 2. Between the superior articular facet of the lower vertebra and the inferior articular facet of the upper vertebra. The type of this joint is plane synovial and the movement in this joint is gliding. Ligaments of the vertebral column: There are TWO ligaments between the bodies of the vertebrae: 1. Anterior longitudinal ligament 2. Posterior longitudinal ligament Those were mentioned in previous lectures. And 4 types of ligaments between the arches of the vertebrae: 1. Supraspinous ligament: Connects the tips of all spinous processes. 2. Interspinous ligament: Connects the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae. 3. Intertransverse ligaments: connects the transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae. 4. Ligamentum flavum: Connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. It could be torn while performing Laminectomy. In the cervical spine, the interspinous and supraspinous ligaments thicken and combine to form Ligamentum nuchae; which is a triangular shaped ligament connects the external occipital protuberance (remember from the skull lab: it is the elevated area in the surface of the occipital bone) and the tip of the spinous
2 process of 7th cervical vertebra (which is the first cervical vertebra that can be felt). Curves of the vertebral column: First of all, we need to know two definitions: Kyphosis: is the concavity of the vertebral column anteriorly. Lordosis: is the convexity of the vertebral column anteriorly. - In the fetus, the vertebral column is concave anteriorly, but after birth, when the child becomes able to raise his head (4-5 months) the cervical part of the vertebral column becomes convex anteriorly (cervical Lordosis), and when the child begins to walk (1 year), the lumbar part of the vertebral column becomes convex anteriorly (lumbar Lordosis), while the thoracic area remains concave (thoracic kyphosis). Clinical application: abnormal curves: There are three different abnormalities in the vertebral column: 1. Kyphosis: there are several types of kyphosis: a. Acute: and it might be due to fractures or the destruction of the vertebrae by tuberculosis.
3 b. Senile: this type is mainly age-related and it might be caused by muscular weakness, osteoporosis or the degeneration of intervertebral discs. c. Round-shouldered: it is mild thoracic kyphosis caused by sitting for a long time. d. Congenital kyphosis: this type will be discussed later. 2. Lordosis: it can be caused by an increase in abdominal weight (due to pregnancy, tumor etc.) or a disease of the vertebral column (such as spondylolisthesis; in which case one vertebra slips over another). 3. Scoliosis: which is a lateral deviation of the vertebral column. It can be caused by Paralysis of muscles caused by poliomyelitis or it can be congenital which will be discussed later. Dislocations of the Vertebral Column: As with any other joint in the body, the vertebral column can be dislocated and this dislocation can be due to a fracture or without a fracture (the last occur ONLY in cervical vertebrae) and it can be unilateral (only one side is dislocated from its original place) or bilateral (where the two sides are dislocated in opposite directions). Unilateral dislocations can cause spinal nerve injury, while bilateral dislocations cause spinal cord injury and if it involves upper cervical vertebrae it can cause death due to injury of phrenic nerves C3 to C5 which will lead to diaphragm paralysis. Muscles of the back:
4 Muscles of the back are divided to three layers: 1. Superficial layer: the muscles related to the upper limb. 2. Intermediate layer: muscles that on the thoracic region and they help in the respiration. 3. Deep layer: those muscles are connected directly to the vertebral column. the line of gravity passes behind the centers of the hip joints and in front of the knee and ankle joints; so, most of the muscles are located behind the line and that what make us stand on our feet. (note that the gluteus maximus is not a gravity muscle because the line of gravity passes behind the hip joint). *The doctor said that you don t need to memorize the names of the muscles in the back.* Movement of the vertebral column: Flexion Extension Lateral flexion rotation Circumduction
5 Note that the most movable region is the cervical region. Venous plexus of the vertebrae: -located in the epidural space (which is the space between dura mater and the bone). - they are valve-less veins. -it is connected to many regions in the body; so, it is common to cancer to metastasize via those veins. - it is connected to a vein called the basivertebral vein which is located in the bodies of the vertebrae.
6 Special joints in the vertebral column: 1. Atlanto-Occipital Joints: are the joints between the occipital condyles of the occipital bone (remember from the skull lab that those are located around the foramina magnum) and the superior articular surface of the atlas (the 1st cervical vertebra, which is ring-shaped and has two lateral masses connected by an anterior arch and a posterior arch). Type: Synovial condylar joints. Movements: They allow extension, forward and lateral flexion (note that there is no rotation here). Ligaments: Anterior Atlanto-occipital membrane: connects the anterior arch of the atlas to the anterior margin of the foramen magnum. Posterior Atlanto-occipital membrane: connects the posterior arch of the atlas to the posterior margin of the foramen magnum. 2. Atlanto-axial Joints: are the joints between atlas and axis (it is the 2 nd cervical vertebra, it has dens called the odontoid process). They are three joints; one median and two laterals. Dislocation of this joint causes injury to vital centers responsible for respiration, resulting in death. A: Median atlanto-axial Joint: it is the joint between the odontoid process and the anterior arch of the atlas. Type: Pivot synovial joint Movement: Rotation Ligaments: a. Apical ligament: connects the apex of the odontoid process to the anterior margin of foramen magnum. b. Alar ligaments: connect the odontoid process to the occipital condyles. c. Cruciate ligament: It consists of a transverse and a vertical part. -The transverse part is attached to the lateral mass of the atlas. -The vertical part runs from the body of the axis to cranial aspect of occipital bone.
7 B: Lateral atlanto-axial Joints: they are the joints between the Inferior atlantal and the superior axial articular facets (this joint is just like other vertebral articular facets joints is plane synovial). 3. Sacroiliac Joints: Type: plane synovial joint, allows gliding movement. Functions: It transmits the body weight from lumbar spine to the hip bones. Ligaments: a. The ventral sacroiliac ligament b. The interosseous sacroiliac ligaments. c. The dorsal sacroiliac ligament. The development of the vertebral column: The development of the vertebral column started from the paraxial somite 33 pairs of cube-shaped parts that is originated from mesoderm and the notochord. This event is divided into 3 stages: 1- Mesenchymal stage: it occurs at the 4 th week, in which the 33 pairs of somites and the notochord between them are formed. 2- Chondrification stage: it occurs at the 6 th week, in which each somite divides into 3 parts; dermatome (that forms the epidermis), sclerotome (forms bone and cartilage) and myotome (forms the muscles of the back). 3- Ossification stage: it occurs at the 8 th week, in which each somite is divided into light (cephalic) and dark (caudal) areas. After that, the sclerotome from all somites will fuse together to form the skin and the intersomiter spaces of the notochord form nucleus pulposus and the rest of the notochord fuses with the body of the vertebrae. Finally, the somites extend to form the vertebral canal, the spine, transverse processes and the costal facet (only in the thoracic vertebrae)
8 Congenital anomalies: Spina bifida: vertebrae didn t fuse. Cause: incomplete fusion of halves of the vertebral arches resulting in midline defect usually in lumbosacral region. It has three types: 1- spina bifida occulta: malformation of one or more vertebrae (bones of the spine). It is sometimes called closed spina bifida, causes no problems. 2- Myelomeningocele: a neural tube defect in which the bones of the spine do not completely form. This results in an incomplete spinal canal. the spinal cords may remain in its place covered by the skin (meningocele), or the spinal cord and meninges (the tissues covering the spinal cord) protrude from (stick out of) the child's back.
9 Hemivertebra: Cause: failure of one of the chondrification center to appear so failure of half of vertebra to Form. Feature: defective vertebrae produce scoliosis (lateral curvature). Congenital kyphosis: at the junction of the thoracic and lumbar spine. In the first six to eight weeks of embryonic life, a genetic mistake occurs that results in the failure of formation or failure of segmentation on the front part of one or more vertebral bodies and disc.
THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN. Average adult length: In male: about 70 cms. In female: about 65 cms.
THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN Average adult length: In male: about 70 cms. In female: about 65 cms. 1 Vertebral Column (Regions and Curvatures) Curvatures of the vertebral column: A. Primary curvature: C-shaped;
More information2. The vertebral arch is composed of pedicles (projecting from the body) and laminae (uniting arch posteriorly).
VERTEBRAL COLUMN 2018zillmusom I. VERTEBRAL COLUMN - functions to support weight of body and protect spinal cord while permitting movements of trunk and providing for muscle attachments. A. Typical vertebra
More informationVERTEBRAL COLUMN VERTEBRAL COLUMN
VERTEBRAL COLUMN FUNCTIONS: 1) Support weight - transmits weight to pelvis and lower limbs 2) Houses and protects spinal cord - spinal nerves leave cord between vertebrae 3) Permits movements - *clinical
More informationCopyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure Sectioned spinous process. Interspinous.
PowerPoint Lecture Slides prepared by Janice Meeking, Mount Royal College C H A P T E R 7 The Skeleton: Part B Vertebral Column Transmits weight of trunk to lower limbs Surrounds and protects spinal cord
More informationVertebral Column. Backbone consists of 26 vertebrae. Five vertebral regions. Cervical
Vertebral Column Backbone consists of 26 vertebrae. Five vertebral regions Cervical vertebrae (7) in the neck. Thoracic vertebrae (12) in the thorax. Lumbar vertebrae (5) in the lower back. Sacrum (5,
More informationAXIAL SKELETON FORM THE VERTICAL AXIS OF THE BODY CONSISTS OF 80 BONES INCLUDES BONES OF HEAD, VERTEBRAL COLUMN, RIBS,STERNUM
AXIAL SKELETON FORM THE VERTICAL AXIS OF THE BODY CONSISTS OF 80 BONES INCLUDES BONES OF HEAD, VERTEBRAL COLUMN, RIBS,STERNUM APPENDICULAR SKELETON BONES OF THE FREE APPENDAGES & THEIR POINTS OF ATTACHMENTS
More informationDevelopment of Spinal Cord & Vertebral Column. Dr. Sanaa Alshaarawi & Prof. Ahmed Fathalla
Development of Spinal Cord & Vertebral Column Dr. Sanaa Alshaarawi & Prof. Ahmed Fathalla OBJECTIVES At the end of the lecture, students should be able to: q Describe the development of the spinal cord
More informationStructure and Function of the Vertebral Column
Structure and Function of the Vertebral Column Posture Vertebral Alignment Does it really matter? Yes it does! Postural Curves The vertebral column has a series of counterbalancing curves posterior anterior
More informationCopyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
E. VERTEBRAL COLUMN 1. The vertebral column extends from the skull to the pelvis and forms the vertical axis of the skeleton. 2. The vertebral column is composed of vertebrae that are separated by intervertebral
More informationThe Biomechanics of the Human Spine. Basic Biomechanics, 6 th edition By Susan J. Hall, Ph.D.
Chapter 9 The Biomechanics of the Human Spine Structure of the Spine The spine is a curved stack of 33 vertebrae structurally divided into five regions: cervical region - 7 vertebrae thoracic region -
More informationSkeletal System. Prof. Dr. Malak A. Al-yawer Department of Anatomy/Embryology Section
Skeletal System Prof. Dr. Malak A. Al-yawer Department of Anatomy/Embryology Section Learning objectives At the end of this lecture, the medical student will be able to: State the embryonic origin of skeletal
More informationVERTEBRAL COLUMN ANATOMY IN CNS COURSE
VERTEBRAL COLUMN ANATOMY IN CNS COURSE Vertebral body Sections of the spine Atlas (C1) Axis (C2) What type of joint is formed between atlas and axis? Pivot joint What name is given to a fracture of both
More informationThe vault bones Frontal Parietals Occiput Temporals Sphenoid Ethmoid
The Vertebral Column Head, Neck and Spine Bones of the head Some consider the bones of the head in terms of the vault bones and the facial bones hanging off the front of them The vault bones Frontal Parietals
More informationhuman anatomy 2015 lecture four Dr meethak ali ahmed neurosurgeon
The Vertebral Column the vertebral columnis central pillar of the body.it serve to protect the spinal cord and support the weight of the head trunk, which it transmits to the hip bones & the lower limbs.
More informationClarification of Terms
Clarification of Terms The Spine, Spinal Column, and Vertebral Column are synonymous terms referring to the bony components housing the spinal cord Spinal Cord = made of nervous tissue Facet = a small,
More informationClarification of Terms
Clarification of Terms The Spine, Spinal Column, and Vertebral Column are synonymous terms referring to the bony components housing the spinal cord Spinal Cord = made of nervous tissue Facet = a small,
More informationClarification of Terms
Clarification of Terms The Spine, Spinal Column, and Vertebral Column are synonymous terms referring to the bony components housing the spinal cord Spinal Cord = made of nervous tissue Facet = a small,
More informationChapter 7 The Skeletal System:The Axial Skeleton
Chapter 7 The Skeletal System:The Axial Skeleton Axial Skeleton 80 bones lie along longitudinal axis skull, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, ear ossicles Appendicular Skeleton 126 bones upper & lower limbs
More informationMD Bones & Joints of the Back. A/Prof Chris Briggs Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience
MD 2017 Bones & Joints of the Back A/Prof Chris Briggs Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience WARNING This material has been provided to you pursuant to section 49 of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) for
More informationChapter 7 Part B The Skeleton
Chapter 7 Part B The Skeleton 7.2 The Vertebral Column General Characteristics Extends from skull to pelvis Also called spine or spinal column Functions to transmit weight of trunk to lower limbs, surround
More informationTHEME 2. VERTEBRAE (GENERAL DATA). CERVICAL, THORACIC AND LUMBAR VERTEBRAE. SACRUM. COCCYX. THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AS A WHOLE
THEME 2. VERTEBRAE (GENERAL DATA). CERVICAL, THORACIC AND LUMBAR VERTEBRAE. SACRUM. COCCYX. THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AS A WHOLE Osteology of the Vertebral Column Bone Description vertebra Notes a vertebra
More informationBony framework of the vertebral column Structure of the vertebral column
5.1: Vertebral column & back. Overview. Bones o vertebral column. o typical vertebra. o vertebral canal. o spinal nerves. Joints o Intervertebral disc. o Zygapophyseal (facet) joint. Muscles o 2 compartments:
More informationChest cavity, vertebral column and back muscles. Respiratory muscles. Sándor Katz M.D., Ph.D.
Chest cavity, vertebral column and back muscles. Respiratory muscles. Sándor Katz M.D., Ph.D. Chest cavity - bony structures Chest cavity- bony structures Sternum Ribs True ribs: first seven pairs connect
More informationHuman Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 07: The Skeletal System Axial Skeleton
Human Anatomy and Physiology - Problem Drill 07: The Skeletal System Axial Skeleton Question No. 1 of 10 Which of the following statements about the axial skeleton is correct? Question #01 A. The axial
More informationAxial Skeleton: Vertebrae and Thorax
Axial Skeleton: Vertebrae and Thorax Function of the vertebral column (spine or backbone): 1) 2) 3) Composition of Vertebral column The vertebral column is formed by 33 individual vertebrae (some of which
More informationCervical Spine Anatomy and Biomechanics. Typical Cervical Vertebra C3 6. Typical Cervical Vertebra Anterior 10/5/2017
Cervical Spine Anatomy and Biomechanics Typical Cervical Vertebra C3 6 Small, relatively broad body Bifid SpinousProcess Long and narrow laminae Spinal Canal: large, triangular; remarkably consistent dimensions
More informationDr Ajit Singh Moderator Dr P S Chandra Dr Rajender Kumar
BIOMECHANICS OF SPINE Dr Ajit Singh Moderator Dr P S Chandra Dr Rajender Kumar What is biomechanics? Biomechanics is the study of the consequences of application of external force on the spine Primary
More informationThe Back. Anatomy RHS 241 Lecture 9 Dr. Einas Al-Eisa
The Back Anatomy RHS 241 Lecture 9 Dr. Einas Al-Eisa The spine has to meet 2 functions Strength Mobility Stability of the vertebral column is provided by: Deep intrinsic muscles of the back Ligaments
More informationAnatomy of the Spine. Figure 1. (left) The spine has three natural curves that form an S-shape; strong muscles keep our spine in alignment.
1 2 Anatomy of the Spine Overview The spine is made of 33 individual bony vertebrae stacked one on top of the other. This spinal column provides the main support for your body, allowing you to stand upright,
More informationAny of the vertebra in the cervical (neck) region of the spinal column. The cervical vertebra are the smallest vertebra in the spine, reflective of th
Any of the vertebra in the cervical (neck) region of the spinal column. The cervical vertebra are the smallest vertebra in the spine, reflective of the fact that they support the least load. In humans,
More informationTHE THORACIC WALL. Boundaries Posteriorly by the thoracic part of the vertebral column. Anteriorly by the sternum and costal cartilages
THE THORACIC WALL Boundaries Posteriorly by the thoracic part of the vertebral column Anteriorly by the sternum and costal cartilages Laterally by the ribs and intercostal spaces Superiorly by the suprapleural
More informationMain Menu. Trunk and Spinal Column click here. The Power is in Your Hands
1 The Trunk and Spinal Column click here Main Menu K.9 http://www.handsonlineeducation.com/classes/k9/k9entry.htm[3/27/18, 2:00:55 PM] The Trunk and Spinal Column Vertebral column complex 24 intricate
More informationArthrology joint, articulation or union between two or more bones Classification by degree of movement or tissue that bind the bones together
ARTICULATIONS OF THE SPINE AND THORAX Pages 8-12, 42 and 57 Arthrology joint, articulation or union between two or more bones Classification by degree of movement or tissue that bind the bones together
More informationTransitioning to the Suboccipital Triangle. Suboccipital Triangle
Transitioning to the Suboccipital Triangle Syllabus p. 14-15 Suboccipital Triangle Borders -Rectus capitis posterior major -Obliquus capitis superior -Obliquus capitis inferior Contents -Vertebral artery
More informationThe Trunk and Spinal Column Kinesiology Cuneyt Mirzanli Istanbul Gelisim University
The Trunk and Spinal Column Kinesiology Cuneyt Mirzanli Istanbul Gelisim University The Trunk and Spinal Column Vertebral column 24 articulating vertebrae 31 pairs of spinal nerves Abdominal muscles some
More information3 Spine MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM. Skeleton
pine Musculoskeletal system keleton rticular elements Muscles Cardiovascular system rterial supply Venous drainage Lymphatic (immune) system Nervous system Central nervous system Peripheral nervous system
More informationChapter 7. Skeletal System
Chapter 7 Skeletal System 1 Skull A. The skull is made up of 22 bones: 8 cranial bones, 13 facial bones, and the mandible. B. The Cranium encloses and protects the brain, provides attachments for muscles,
More informationHuman Anatomy - Problem Drill 06: The Skeletal System Axial Skeleton & Articualtions
Human Anatomy - Problem Drill 06: The Skeletal System Axial Skeleton & Articualtions Question No. 1 of 10 Instructions: (1) Read the problem and answer choices carefully, (2) Work the problems on paper
More informationSkeletal System. Axial Division
Skeletal System Axial Division The Axial Skeleton You will see that each bone has special features (overviewed in section I below) that provide Sites of Attachment (for muscles, ligaments, tendons, etc.)
More informationIt consist of two components: the outer, laminar fibrous container (or annulus), and the inner, semifluid mass (the nucleus pulposus).
Lumbar Spine The lumbar vertebrae are the last five vertebrae of the vertebral column. They are particularly large and heavy when compared with the vertebrae of the cervical or thoracicc spine. Their bodies
More informationThoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy.
Thoracic and Lumbar Spine Anatomy www.fisiokinesiterapia.biz Thoracic Vertebrae Bodies Pedicles Laminae Spinous Processes Transverse Processes Inferior & Superior Facets Distinguishing Feature Costal Fovea
More information_CH01redo.qxd 9/24/07 3:07 PM Page 1. [Half-Title to come]
10752-01_CH01redo.qxd 9/24/07 3:07 PM Page 1 [Half-Title to come] 10752-01_CH01redo.qxd 9/24/07 3:07 PM Page 2 THE BACK Lippincott Williams & Wilkins atlas of ANATOMY CHAPTER 1 Plate 1-01 Palpable Structures
More informationWeek 14. Development of the Musculoskeletal System
Week 14 Development of the Musculoskeletal System Skeletal System Derived from: paraxial mesoderm somites and somitomeres sclerotome sclerotome differentiation induced by SHH from notochord and floor plate
More informationAnatomy and Physiology II. Spine
Anatomy and Physiology II Spine Bones and Other Structures Vertibrae Contains Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar, Sacral and Coccygeal regions We use Capital letters to refer to these (C, T, L, S, and Co) and
More informationFormation defects Scoliosis Deformities I 07 1
What is congenital scoliosis? Congenital scoliosis is a spinal deformity with lateral deviation and rotation of the spinal column, where congenital dysfunctions in embryonal vertebra development cause
More informationYou have 24 vertebrae in your spinal column. Two are special enough to be individually named.
You have 24 vertebrae in your spinal column. Two are special enough to be individually named. Your atlas (C01) and axis (C02) are very important vertebrae. Without them, head and neck movement would be
More informationFractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine and thoracolumbar transition
Most spinal column injuries occur in the thoracolumbar transition, the area between the lower thoracic spine and the upper lumbar spine; over half of all vertebral fractures involve the 12 th thoracic
More informationSpinal Column. Anatomy Of The Spine
Anatomy Of The Spine The spine is a flexible column, composed of a stack of individual bones. Each bone is called a vertebra. There are seven vertebrae in the neck (cervical vertebrae) twelve in the thoracic
More informationINDEPENDENT LEARNING: DISC HERNIATION IN THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE: ANATOMICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN REVIEW
INDEPENDENT LEARNING: DISC HERNIATION IN THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE: ANATOMICAL FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN REVIEW CDC REPORT - CAUSES OF DISABILITY, 2005 REVIEW QUESTIONS ABOUT DISC HERNIATION IN THE NATIONAL
More information2 Back and Spinal Cord
2 Back and Spinal Cord Cards 2-1 to 2-24 Bones and Joints 2-1 Vertebral Column 2-2 Cervical Vertebrae 2-3 Thoracic Vertebrae 2-4 Lumbar Vertebra 2-5 Lumbar Vertebrae 2-6 Vertebral Ligaments: Lumbar Region
More informationREVIEW QUESTIONS ON VERTEBRAE, SPINAL CORD, SPINAL NERVES
REVIEW QUESTIONS ON VERTEBRAE, SPINAL CORD, SPINAL NERVES 1. A 28-year-old-women presented to the hospital emergency room with intense lower back spasms in the context of coughing during an upper respiratory
More informationlocomotice system Plastinated specimensⅠ: Silicone specimens Regional specimens and organs
locomotice system Plastinated specimensⅠ: Silicone specimens Regional specimens and organs Art-No. Name Description The locomotor system SL001 Two hundred pieces of plastinated bones (without six The bones
More informationAnatomy of the Nervous System. Brain Components
Anatomy of the Nervous System Brain Components NERVOUS SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Is the master system of human body, controlling the functions of rest of the body systems Nervous System CLASSIFICATION A. Anatomical
More informationImaging of Cervical Spine Trauma Tudor H Hughes, M.D.
Imaging of Cervical Spine Trauma Tudor H Hughes, M.D. General Considerations Most spinal fractures are due to a single episode of major trauma. Fatigue fractures of the spine are unusual except in the
More informationRiver North Pain Management Consultants, S.C., Axel Vargas, M.D., Regional Anesthesiology and Interventional Pain Management.
River North Pain Management Consultants, S.C., Axel Vargas, M.D., Regional Anesthesiology and Interventional Pain Management. Chicago, Illinois, 60611 Phone: (888) 951-6471 Fax: (888) 961-6471 Clinical
More informationThe Thoracic Cage ANATOMY 2: THORACIC CAGE AND VERTEBRAL COLUMN
ANATOMY 2: THORACIC CAGE AND VERTEBRAL COLUMN PSK 4U Mr. S. Kelly North Grenville DHS The Thoracic Cage 7 true ribs 3 false ribs 2 floating ribs Clavicle = collarbone Manubrium Sternum Xiphoid Process
More informationبسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم * Last lecture we talked about : thoracic wall sternum ribs (according to their features they are divided into typical and atypical) vertebral column ( which is made of 33 vertebrae
More informationYoga Anatomy & Physiology
Yoga Anatomy & Physiology Anatomy & Physiology Anatomy- One of the basic essential sciences of medicine that studies the structure of an organism. Physiology- The biological study of the functions of living
More informationGross Morphology of Spinal Cord
Gross Morphology of Spinal Cord Done By : Rahmeh Alsukkar ** I did my best and sorry for any mistake ** the sheet does not contain pictures, tables and some slides so please be careful and go back to slides
More informationMEDICAL IMAGING OF THE VERTEBRAE
MEDICAL IMAGING OF THE VERTEBRAE Vertebrae are your friends Matthew Harper MS-IV LECTURE OBJECTIVES INTRODUCE THE MOST COMMON MODALITIES OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND BASIC TECHNIQUES FOR READING THESE IMAGES
More informationCase Report Spina Bifida of fifth lumbar vertebrae associated with absence of spinous process, laminae and inferior articular processes A case report
Case Report Spina Bifida of fifth lumbar vertebrae associated with absence of spinous process, laminae and inferior articular processes A case report Dr. Dona Saha, Dr. Madhushree Pal Demonstrator, Department
More informationCopyright 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2. Bone Structure. Copyright 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Chapter 7 The Skeleton: Bones and Joints The Skeleton Skeletal system is made up of bones and joints and supporting connective tissue. 1. Bone Functions 1. To store calcium salts 2. To protect delicate
More informationDetailed Finite Element Modeling of the Human Ligamentous Cervical Spine. Faisal Agah
Detailed Finite Element Modeling of the Human Ligamentous Cervical Spine by Faisal Agah A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Structural Engineering
More informationThe Skeletal System. Parts of the skeletal system. Bones (Skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments
The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system Bones (Skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments Functions of the Bones Support Internal framework of the body Protection Skull and vertebrae protect brain
More informationTo classify the joints relative to structure & shape
To classify the joints relative to structure & shape To describe the anatomy of the hip joint To describe the ankle joint To memorize their blood & nerve supply JOINTS: Joints are sites where skeletal
More informationChapter 9 Articulations Articulations joints where two bones interconnect. Two classification methods are used to categorize joints:
Chapter 9 Articulations Articulations joints where two bones interconnect Two classification methods are used to categorize joints: Functional classification Structural classification Functional classification
More informationTHE SKELETAL SYSTEM. Focus on the Skull
THE SKELETAL SYSTEM Focus on the Skull Review Anatomical Terms Anterior/Posterior Dorsal/Ventral Medial/Lateral Superior/Inferior Bone Markings - Review Projections for attachment of muscles, ligaments
More informationAnatomy of the Thorax
Anatomy of the Thorax A) THE THORACIC WALL Boundaries Posteriorly by the thoracic part of the vertebral column Anteriorly by the sternum and costal cartilages Laterally by the ribs and intercostal spaces
More informationOverview of the Skeleton: Bone Markings
Name Overview of the Skeleton: Bone Markings Match the terms in column B with the appropriate description in column A. Column A 1. sharp, slender process* 2. small rounded projection* 3. narrow ridge of
More informationYara saddam & Dana Qatawneh. Razi kittaneh. Maher hadidi
1 Yara saddam & Dana Qatawneh Razi kittaneh Maher hadidi LECTURE 10 THORAX The thorax extends from the root of the neck to the abdomen. The thorax has a Thoracic wall Thoracic cavity and it is divided
More informationAnatomy Lecture #19 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE THORAX April 3, 2012
Page 1 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم The Thoracic Wall Firstly, when we talk about thorax, we should begin with the thorax wall which means not only bones that construct the thorax but also the muscles which
More informationAnatomy and Physiology II. Review Spine and Neck
Anatomy and Physiology II Review Spine and Neck Spine regions How many cervical vertibrae are there? 7 The curvature is the cervical region posterior? Concave posterior How many thoracic? And curvature?
More informationChapter 7: Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy
Chapter 7: Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy I. General Considerations A. How many bones in an average adult skeleton? B. Anatomic features of bones are based on II. Axial Skeleton A. Skull 1. Functionally
More informationSkeletal system. Prof. Abdulameer Al-Nuaimi. E. mail:
Skeletal system Prof. Abdulameer Al-Nuaimi E-mail: a.al-nuaimi@sheffield.ac.uk E. mail: abdulameerh@yahoo.com Functions of Bone and The Skeletal System Support: The skeleton serves as the structural framework
More informationThe Thoracic Cage. Role of the Thoracic Cage 2/13/2019. Anatomy 2: Thoracic Cage and Vertebral Column
PSK 4U Mr. S. Kelly North Grenville DHS Anatomy 2: Thoracic Cage and Column The Thoracic Cage 7 true ribs 3 false ribs 2 floating ribs Clavicle = collarbone Manubrium Sternum Xiphoid Process 12 thoracic
More informationANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I Laboratory Version B Name Section. REVIEW SHEET Exercise 10 Axial Skeleton
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I Laboratory Version B Name Section REVIEW SHEET Exercise 10 Axial Skeleton 1 POINT EACH. THE SKULL MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The major components of the axial skeleton include the 7. The
More informationSTERNUM. Lies in the midline of the anterior chest wall It is a flat bone Divides into three parts:
STERNUM Lies in the midline of the anterior chest wall It is a flat bone Divides into three parts: 1-Manubrium sterni 2-Body of the sternum 3- Xiphoid process The body of the sternum articulates above
More information8/4/2012. Causes and Cures. Nucleus pulposus. Annulus fibrosis. Vertebral end plate % water. Deforms under pressure
Causes and Cures Intervertebral discs Facet (zygopophyseal) joints Inter body joints Spinal nerve roots Nerve compression Pathological conditions Video Causes of back pain Nucleus pulposus Annulus fibrosis
More information11/25/2012. Chapter 7 Part 2: Bones! Skeletal Organization. The Skull. Skull Bones to Know Cranium
Chapter 7 Part 2: Bones! 5) Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeletons and name the major parts of each 6) Locate and identify the bones and the major features of the bones that compose the
More informationNOTES SKELETAL SYSTEM
NOTES for the SKELETAL SYSTEM Anatomy & Physiology 2016 Johnson The Skeletal System I. System includes 4 basic parts: A. Bones (206 of em) B. Joints C. Cartilages D. Ligaments II. Bones have 5 basic functions:
More informationBones of the wrist and ankle Bones that form within tendons (e.g., patella)
Skeletal System Review Surface Anatomy Dr. Gary Mumaugh Function of Bones Support form the framework that supports the body and cradles soft organs Protection provide a protective case for the brain, spinal
More informationSD School Anatomy Program 1: Bones QuikNotes. Student Notes
QuikNotes The transverse plane runs from right to left and divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) sections. Student Notes The frontal plane lies vertically along the body from head
More informationDevelopment of the Axial Skeleton and Limbs. Professor Alfred Cuschieri Department of Anatomy University of Malta
Development of the Axial Skeleton and Limbs Professor Alfred Cuschieri Department of Anatomy University of Malta During the Fourth Week the Embryo Is Segmented. Each segment consists of: a segment of neural
More informationThe Back OUTLINE. Vertebral Column (review) Craniovertebral Joints Dorsal Scapular Region(review) Muscles of the Back Suboccipital Region
The Back OUTLINE Vertebral Column (review) Craniovertebral Joints Dorsal Scapular Region(review) Muscles of the Back Suboccipital Region Dept. of Human Anatomy, Si Chuan University Zhou hongying eaglezhyxzy@163.com
More informationTHE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VERTEBRA AND THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE VERTEBRA AND THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC Precartilage Stage (mesenchimal stage) The vertebral column develops from the mesenchimal cells that accumulated around the notochord during
More information2 skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage
CHAPTER 7-SKELTON FILL-IN NOTES 2 skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage 3 Fig. 7.1 pg. 199 4 I. Skull: A. : Encloses and the brain - 8 bones B. : 14 bones Cranium A. Forehead (brain) Anterior part of
More informationChapter 8A. The Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton. The Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton. Types of Bones. Types of Bones
Chapter 8A The Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton The Skeletal System: The Axial Skeleton 206 named bones Axial Skeleton 80 bones lie along longitudinal axis skull, hyoid, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, ear
More informationSpinal Cord Injuries: The Basics. Kadre Sneddon POS Rounds October 1, 2003
Spinal Cord Injuries: The Basics Kadre Sneddon POS Rounds October 1, 2003 Anatomy Dorsal columntouch, vibration Corticospinal tract- UMN Anterior horn-lmn Spinothalamic tractpain, temperature (contralateral)
More informationGross Morphology of Spinal Cord
Gross Morphology of Spinal Cord Lecture Objectives Describe the gross anatomical features of the spinal cord. Describe the level of the different spinal segments compared to the level of their respective
More informationPosture. Kinesiology RHS 341 Lecture 10 Dr. Einas Al-Eisa
Posture Kinesiology RHS 341 Lecture 10 Dr. Einas Al-Eisa Posture = body alignment = the relative arrangement of parts of the body Changes with the positions and movements of the body throughout the day
More informationCraniovertebral Junction Embryology and Anatomy. Presented by: Amandeep Moderators: S.S.Kale G.D.Satyarthi. CVJ-Embryology & Anatomy
Craniovertebral Junction Embryology and Anatomy Presented by: Amandeep Moderators: S.S.Kale G.D.Satyarthi CVJ-Embryology & Anatomy CVJ-Embryology SOMITE-The building block of vertebrae, skeletal muscle
More informationLAB Notes#1. Ahmad Ar'ar. Eslam
LAB Notes#1 Ahmad Ar'ar Eslam 1 P a g e Anatomy lab Notes Lower limb bones :- Pelvic girdle: It's the connection between the axial skeleton and the lower limb; it's made up of one bone called the HIP BONE
More informationSpinal Terminology Basics
Spinal Terminology Basics Anterior The front portion of the body. It is often used to indicate the position of one structure relative to another. Annulus Fibrosus The outer, fibrous, ring like portion
More informationDiaphragm and intercostal muscles. Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles Dr. Heba Kalbouneh Associate Professor of Anatomy and Histology Skeletal System Adult Human contains 206 Bones 2 parts: Axial skeleton (axis): Skull, Vertebral column,
More informationThe trunk and spinal column. Functions of Spine. Bones 6/5/2017. Chapter 10. Consider the complexity of functions. 33 bones of the spine
The trunk and spinal column Chapter 10 Functions of Spine Consider the complexity of functions provides stability to a cylinder permits movement in all directions supports structures of considerable weight
More informationP R E S E N T S Dr. Mufa T. Ghadiali is skilled in all aspects of General Surgery. His General Surgery Services include: General Surgery Advanced Laparoscopic Surgery Surgical Oncology Gastrointestinal
More informationBiology 218 Human Anatomy. Adapted from Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: Axial Division
Adapted from Martini Human Anatomy 7th ed. Chapter 6 The Skeletal System: Axial Division Introduction The axial skeleton: Composed of bones along the central axis of the body Divided into three regions:
More informationThoracolumbar Anatomy Eric Shamus Catherine Patla Objectives
1 2 Thoracolumbar Anatomy Eric Shamus Catherine Patla Objectives List the muscular and ligamentous attachments of the thoracic and lumbar spine Describe how the muscles affect the spine and upper extremity
More informationESSENTIALS OF PLAIN FILM INTERPRETATION: SPINE DR ASIF SAIFUDDIN
ESSENTIALS OF PLAIN FILM INTERPRETATION: SPINE DR ASIF SAIFUDDIN Consultant Musculoskeletal Radiologist Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Stanmore,UK. INTRODUCTION 2 INTRODUCTION 3 INTRODUCTION Spinal
More informationTEST YOURSELF- Chapter 7
TEST YOURSELF- Chapter 7 Cranial Bones 1. Give the name of the bone for each of the following markings. Some of the markings are found on more than one bone. List all that apply. Cranium a. Frontal squama:
More information