A. The World Series B. The Stanley Cup C. The NBA Finals D. Wimbledon. A. Daisy B. Betty C. Bessie D. Blossom

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1 What was the name of the cow famous for its role in Edward Jenner s smallpox vaccination experiments? What annual sporting event was cancelled as a result of the 1919 influenza pandemic? A. Daisy B. Betty C. Bessie D. Blossom A. The World Series B. The Stanley Cup C. The NBA Finals D. Wimbledon Currently, how many iron lungs are estimated to be in service on any given day in the U.S.? What disease did parents want their children to share before the vaccine was available? A. 150 B. 100 C. 45 D. 30 A. Polio B. Varicella (chickenpox) C. Rotavirus D. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 1

2 The correct answer is B The final game in the 1919 Stanley Cup Finals was cancelled after the coach and multiple players of the Montreal Canadiens were hospitalized with influenza. After both the Canadiens and Seattle Metropolitans won two games and tied the fifth game, the sixth game was supposed to determine the winner of the competition. Because the coach of the Canadiens couldn t put a full team on the ice for the last game, he forfeited; however, the coach of the Metropolitans refused to accept the forfeit. As a result, no winner was declared for the 1919 Stanley Cup Finals. The correct answer is D Blossom was infected with cowpox, which Jenner used to develop a smallpox vaccine. The correct answer is B Before the chickenpox vaccine was available, parents would intentionally expose their children to others with chickenpox so they could become infected and gain immunity during childhood, when the disease is typically less severe. The correct answer is D Iron lungs are currently used to help wean non-polio patients off today s ventilators. 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 2

3 In the early 2000s, what two illnesses caused the most deaths of children worldwide? Which disease is known to be more commonly spread from adults to children? A. Meningococcal disease and smallpox B. Varicella (chickenpox) and measles C. Pneumonia and severe diarrhea D. Influenza and diphtheria A. Varicella (chickenpox) B. Pertussis (whooping cough) C. Measles D. Rubella Which disease no longer infects any person in the world because of successful vaccination programs? A. Polio B. Smallpox C. Rotavirus D. Diphtheria What vaccine-preventable disease can be spread in restaurants via contaminated food or by infected workers who do not properly wash their hands? A. Hepatitis A B. HPV C. Hepatitis B D. Measles 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 3

4 The correct answer is B Typically, children spread infections to adults; however, pertussis (whooping cough) is more commonly spread from adults to children. For this reason, adults who are going to be around young infants are recommended to get one dose of Tdap vaccine. Protecting babies by immunizing those around them is known as cocooning. The correct answer is C In the early 2000s, pneumonia and severe diarrhea caused the deaths of about 3 million children per year. These numbers are continuing to decrease as vaccines for pneumococcus and rotavirus become more widely available. The correct answer is A Hepatitis A is commonly transmitted through food that has not been cleaned properly or has been handled by someone with hepatitis A. Although we don t often hear about them, hepatitis A outbreaks occur every year in the United States. The correct answer is B Smallpox is currently the only disease to be eradicated from the world by a vaccine. Efforts are underway to add polio to the list of eradicated diseases. 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 4

5 What vaccine-preventable disease used to be the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children less than 5 years old? What virus causes swelling of the glands of the head and neck, often making infected individuals look like chipmunks? A. HPV B. Haemophilus influenzae type B C. Mumps D. Diphtheria A. Measles virus B. Mumps virus C. Influenza virus D. Rubella virus People without a spleen are more susceptible to which diseases? Which vaccine-preventable disease wiped out tribes of Native Americans when introduced in the New World? A. Pneumococcal and meningococcal diseases B. Chickenpox and measles C. Diphtheria and pertussis D. Polio and rotavirus A. Polio B. Smallpox C. Hepatitis A D. Pertussis 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 5

6 The correct answer is B Mumps virus infects the salivary glands in about 35 of 100 people infected with the virus. When these glands begin to swell, the infected person often looks like a chipmunk. The correct answer is B Before introduction of the vaccine, Hib used to be the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children less than 5 years of age. As a result, Hib was also the most common cause of mental retardation in this age group. The correct answer is B Aztecs and Incas in South American and Algonquins and Narrangassetts in North America were essentially destroyed by smallpox infection introduced by settlers. In some cases, diseases were spread intentionally by offering the Natives blankets and harborships contaminated with smallpox pus. The correct answer is A People without a spleen are more susceptible to pneumococcus and meningococcus. For this reason, they are recommended to receive vaccines to prevent these diseases. 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 6

7 What vaccine-preventable disease has also been called the 100-day cough? Which vaccine-preventable disease used to be commonly known as German measles? A. Pertussis B. Pneumococcal disease C. Varicella (Chickenpox) D. Meningococcal disease A. Rubella B. Measles C. Smallpox D. Cholera What infectious disease was the only one that we could prevent in the 1700s? Which vaccine-preventable disease is not affected by herd immunity? A. Smallpox B. Mumps C. Diphtheria D. Tuberculosis A. Influenza B. Measles C. Mumps D. Tetanus 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 7

8 The correct answer is A Rubella is also known as German measles because it was first described in German medical literature as a disease distinct from measles and scarlet fever. The correct answer is A Pertussis, or whooping cough, occurs in three stages with cold-like symptoms occurring during the first stage. Intense and prolonged coughing occurs during the second and third stages, typically lasting for weeks or several months. The correct answer is D Because tetanus does not spread from person to person, people cannot be protected from the disease just because everyone around them has been vaccinated. So, the best way to protect yourself from tetanus is to receive the tetanus vaccine. The correct answer is A Smallpox was the first disease to be successfully prevented with vaccination. In the late 1700s, Edward Jenner developed the technique of inoculating people with cowpox to prevent smallpox. 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 8

9 What virus is closely related to the virus that causes distemper in dogs? Which vaccine-preventable disease can occur when a wound or cut is exposed to soil that contains bacteria? A. Rotavirus B. Rubella virus C. Mumps virus D. Measles virus A. Pertussis B. Tetanus C. Meningococcal disease D. Pneumococcal disease What vaccine-preventable diseases are spread through tiny droplets that hang in the air? The Iditarod was originally organized to deliver antiserum for what vaccine-preventable disease? A. Hepatitis B and HPV B. Chickenpox and shingles C. Measles and chickenpox D. Smallpox and pertussis A. Diphtheria B. Pertussis C. Chickenpox D. Tetanus 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 9

10 The correct answer is B Tetanus typically occurs when a wound or cut is exposed to soil that contains Clostridium tetani. Because infection occurs via bacteria introduced in the soil, this disease is not one that people can be protected against by living in a highly vaccinated community. The correct answer is D Measles virus is closely related to the virus that causes distemper in dogs. In the past, dogs were vaccinated with the measles vaccine in order to prevent distemper. The correct answer is A The Alaskan Iditarod was originally organized in 1925 to deliver diphtheria antiserum to Nome, Alaska. Twenty mushers and 150 sled dogs traversed about 674 miles across Alaska in attempt to stop a diphtheria outbreak that was occurring in the town and surrounding areas. The correct answer is C Measles and chickenpox viruses spread through respiratory droplets that hang in the air. Infections with either virus are typically more severe in adults than children. 17VEC0092 flashcardsvac MECH Revision1.indd 10