High effectivity index in an international cooperation for selective screening for inborn errors of metabolism
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1 High effectivity index in an international cooperation for selective screening for inborn errors of metabolism Gabriel De Jesus Silva Arevalo, Luis Omar Velásquez Estrada, Maria Lucia Silva Polanco, Olga Leticia Polanco de Silva, Ralph Fingerhut
2 International Cooperation - Primary Cooperation Partners: Gabriel de Jesus Silva Arévalo & Ralph Fingerhut - Cooperation since not for profit - knowledge transfer (in both directions) - Selective Screening for IEM from DBS - Amino acids & acylcarnitines - 17-OHP and other analytes - Sample transport with FEDEX - Reports as PDF via secure mail - in urgent cases information of the physician in charge via telephone (for example MSUD) - scientific cooperation - Expansion of cooperation partners
3 Case History 1 - N.P.A.s daughter, 11 days old - fever - hypotonia - anuria for the first 2 days of life - feeding problems Leu Guthrie cards for selective screening were investigated in Zurich d of life: 1st dried blood sample (DBS) taken - 20 d of life: strongly elevated BCAA highly suspicious for class. MSUD - 20 d of life: tel. with the physician in charge at the ICU, University Hospital Guatemala City - 20 d of life: electronic report to Gabriel Siva - 60 d of life: final confirmation of MSUD Val allo-ile Ile - 20 d of life: final confirmation of MSUD (see Poster 22)
4 S C I E N T I F I C C O O P E R A T I O N
5 Diagnosis Abnormal first test Abnormal second test Diagnosis finally confirmed by Remarks 1 PA acylcarnitines acylcarnitines (B/U) OA - 1 GA-I acylcarnitines acylcarnitines (B/U) DNA / OA - 2 Arginase amino acids amino acids (B/U) DNA - 2 MSUD amino acids amino acids (B/U) Allo-Isoleuzine / OA - 1 PKU amino acids amino acids (B/U) DNA - 1 Cit-II amino acids / GAL - (DNA) No second test possible, because the child had died, Mutation analysis not completed, due to low blood volume. 1 Prolinemia amino acids amino acids (B) AA - 1 VLCADD acylcarnitines acylcarnitines pending - 1 MCADD acylcarnitines - DNA pending No second test possible, because the child had died, Mutation analysis not completed, due to low blood volume, DNA of the parents pending 1 MADD acylcarnitines acylcarnitines (B/U) pending - 1 CACT/CPT-II acylcarnitines acylcarnitines (B/U) pending - 2 CTD/OCTN2 acylcarnitines acylcarnitines (B/U) pending - 2 Biotinidase encyme act. encyme act. encyme act. - 4 CAH 17-OHP 17-OHP DNA/ACTH - 1 CH TSH/T4 TSH/T4 TSH/fT4 (serum) -
6 Results samples for selective screening - 22 positive cases - 3.8% (95% C.I %) Eur J Pediatr. 1994;153(7 Suppl 1):S9-13. Long-term results of selective screening for inborn errors of metabolism. Lehnert W. University Children's Hospital, Freiburg, Germany. Lit.: Lehnert W, Niederhoff H. seven years of experience with selective screening for organic acidurias. Eur J Pediatr. 1984;142: Lehnert W. Long-term results of selective screening for inborn errors of metabolism. Eur J Pediatr. 1994;153(Suppl 1):S9-S13.
7 Conclusion - Although the total number of samples is still quite low, the high rate of positive cases indicates that: - The overall incidence of inborn errors of metabolism in Guatemala is (at least) as high as in other countries. - The pre-selection of patients to be investigated, is at least as good as in other countries. International cooperation is a simple and effective way to provide state-of-the-art diagnostics for developing countries.
8 Acknowledgement for Support
9 Acknowledgement We thank the following colleagues for supporting this cooperation by providing confirmatory diagnostic testing: - J.O.Sass/Freiburg (Zurich) and H.Troxler/Zurich for the determination of organic acids from dried urine samples - J.Häberle/Zurich for the mutation analysis of the Arginase gene (ARG1, Chr. 6q21), and the SLC25A13 gene (Citrin, Chr. 7q21.3) - B.Thöny/Zurich for the mutation analysis of the PAH gene, and pterine analysis - E.Christensen and M.Dunø/Copenhagen for the mutation analysis of the GCDH-gene - D.Johnson/Adelaide for the determination of Alloisoleucine in dried blood samples
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number 33 Done by Omar Sami Corrected by Waseem abu obeida Doctor Diala Too late for second guessing, too late to go back to sleep 1 P age Just try defying gravity This sheet will be divided to two parts,