Real Defects as the Major Challenge of Useful POD Evaluations

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Agatha Maxwell
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1 7 th Euopan-Amican Wokshop on Riabiity of NDE Ra Dfcts as th Majo Chang of Usfu POD Evauations Dani KANZLER 1, Mato PAVLOVIC 2 1 Appid Vaidation of NDT Mapaqutstaß 14a, Bin, Gmany 2 BAM Bundsanstat fü Matiafoschung und -püfung, Unt dn Eichn 87, Bin, Gmany Contact -mai: KanD@av-ndt.com Abstact Fo citica componnts, th us of nondstuctiv tsting (NDT) systms and thi vauation with pobabiistic toos is aady a standad pocdu fo dciding whth th systm is capab to dtct th citica dfcts. Oftn th ony avaiab data, which a usab a atificiay mad fnc dfcts. Th asons fo not cating a ag amount of a citica dfcts a conomica and aso of tchnica natu: Th statistica appoachs qui a ag amount of data and at th sam tim a wid knowdg about th citicaity of th dfct and th physica bhavio of th NDT systm. Th a majo advantags to us atificiay mad fnc dfcts: Th manufactuabiity is guaantd and, thfo, th dfct paamts a known and th costs of th manufactuing pocss a cacuab. Th disadvantag is th vaidity of th dfcts: Ony though a tustwothy us of tchnica justification and th opinion of xpts ths atificia dfct data can cat infomation fo th at us in th iabiity studis. This fact is oftn fogottn in th pobabiistic vauation of NDT systms. With th us of a and aistic dfcts th compt dsign of xpimnts and thi vauation of th pocss to gt a pobabiistic vauation bcoms mo difficut. Not ony th masumnt of th dfct si though th mast NDT mthods o mtaogaphic mthods incas th compxity of th vauation, but aso th ationship btwn th dfct and th signa paamts gt mo sophisticatd. This wok wi show that th intoduction of a dfcts into th pobabiity of dtction (POD) vauation can b a chang, which must and can b ovcom. Th focus of this ovviw wi b on how to pan and conduct xpimnts fo th vauation of NDT systms. This wi b shown on an xamp of adiogaphic, utasonic and ddy cunt tsting. Licns: 1

2 How shoud w hand a dfcts in th vauation of NDT systms Ra dfcts as th majo chang fo th maningfu POD vauation D. Ing. Dani KANZLER (AV-NDT) D. Ing. Mato PAVLOVIC (Bundsanstat fü Matiafoschung und Püfung) 2n Is th ony on POD? A. Bns 1989: NDE Riabiity Data Anaysis Mta Handbook Vo 17. 9th Ed.

3n Envionmnta condition In th fid Laboatoy https://www.

d/okas/haunck-haunta/5000-stahohwdn-vgt-3050842.

Riabiity Fina Rpot Riabiity in nondstuctiv tsting

3 3n Envionmnta condition In th fid Laboatoy Gdnkstätt W. C. Röntgn Wübug 4n Diffnt tsting tasks Compx tsting conditions Compx contous Mato Pavovic t a 2008 NDT Riabiity Fina Rpot Riabiity in nondstuctiv tsting (NDT) of th canist componnts Pavovic at a 2017 Invstigation to intoduc th pobabiity of dtction mthod fo utaonsic inspction of hoow axs at Dutsch Bahn

4 5n Modua Mod 6n Intinsic capabiity: â vs. a

5 7n â vs. a: Basis of POD Oigina ationship btwn dfct paamt and signa spons A. Bns 1989: NDE Riabiity Data Anaysis Mta Handbook Vo 17. 9th Ed. 8n â vs. a: Advancd basis of POD Diffnt appoachs to gain a boad mod, adquat fo mo ndt situations

6 9n Nw quimnts fo nw POD mods Gna vauations (mutipaamtic POD) quis mo infomation Diffnt infomation poos nd to b usd fo POD (simuation, histoic data, tchnica justification) Expimnts a ointation point, vification, high vaud data points Ro of th human infunc th intinsic paamts Capabiity of dtcting foms, aas in noisy suounding (incuding spatia data in th POD vauation: Obsv POD, data fid POD) Wh to tst, what and how many, is sti mainy in sponsib of th opato o th managmnt Amount of infomation and data gts mo and mo impotant Continuay saving of data Infomation cic fom panning of th componnt unti its cycing n 0 Data situation fo th vauation with POD Amount of Data fo POD not nough data nough data mo than nough

n 1 Combination of diffnt data: WLSE Ova POD Many xpimnts: -many diffnt faws -many diffnt opatos too xpnsiv not fasib Ra faws + additiona infomation about th dtctabiity of th NDT systm xpimnts with a

7 n 1 Combination of diffnt data: WLSE Ova POD Many xpimnts: -many diffnt faws -many diffnt opatos too xpnsiv not fasib Ra faws + additiona infomation about th dtctabiity of th NDT systm xpimnts with a faws n 2 Wightd Last Squa Estimation (WLSE) Th assumptions fo combining a dfcts and atificia dfcts using th WLSE 1. Pntatd ngth of diffnt dfct typs bhavs simia in RT 2. Sis of th pntatd ngths a known fo both dfcts 3. Wight (w) of th data dpnds on thi significanc LSE WLSE f: stimatd function n: amount of a data Th us of LSE fo diffnt data quas mixing! f: stimatd function s: amount of a dfct data t: amount of atificia dfct data

8 n 3 Diffnc btwn th two data ationships Known ason, du to xpctd diffncs in th tsting => Tansf function Unknown asons => futh sach ncssay 4 n Examp 1: Changs with a dfcts Diffnt spons fo ddy cunt tsting than xpctd

9 n 5 Eddy cunt situation fo th sma dfcts 6 n Examp 2: Changs with a dfcts Infuncs of th diffnt ndt systms: Utasonic tsting: Pob si Eddy cunt tsting: Coi si Radiogaphic tsting: Dtcto pix si

10 n 7 Examp 3: Changs with a dfcts Diffnc btwn cosponding dfct paamt and vauatd dfct paamt: 8 n Cous of action fo th vauation of a dfct

n 9 Summay and concusion: Ra dfcts a ssntia fo nowadays POD vauations Objctiv vauations a mo impotant POD with fom data can b usd as additiona infomation POD a a good option as a ointation point fo

11 n 9 Summay and concusion: Ra dfcts a ssntia fo nowadays POD vauations Objctiv vauations a mo impotant POD with fom data can b usd as additiona infomation POD a a good option as a ointation point fo tchnica justification In th vauation of a dfcts unxpctd ndt bhaviou might happn: Diffnt dfcts o matia attibuts might infunc th ndt systm Th a capabiitis of ndt systm is oftn ony shown with a dfcts (fom and spatia infomation) Th xpctd citica dfct paamt is not vy tim th dfct paamt th ndt systm is acting to Ra dfcts a ncssay fo th POD vauation POD vauation fo a dfcts might qui compx appoachs and th nd fo nw vauations pocsss Thank you fo you attntion. Any qustions? Fo futh infomation:

From State of Science to State of the Art Reliability

From State of Science to State of the Art Reliability 7 th Euopa-Amica Wokshop o Riabiity of NDE Mo ifo about this atic: http://www.dt.t/?id=21781 Abstact Fom Stat of Scic to Stat of th At Riabiity Dai KANZLER 1 1 Appid Vaidatio of NDT, Bi, Gmay Cotact -mai: