Ask A Librarian: Smarter Searching in 2 Hours or Less

Transcription

1 Ask A Librarian: Smarter Searching in 2 Hours or Less Gini Blodgett Birchett, MSLS Lead information resources specialist, APTA January 25, 2019 APTA Combined Sections Meeting 2019 Washington, DC Learning objectives (1) Select the right database and/or evidence resource for your research needs. (2) Combine terms to create a search string free hand, using Boolean logic, as well as search using a structured P I C O framework. (3) Use subject terms, field searching, and keywords to your advantage. (4) Implement time saving database alerts to push new research to your e mail or online readers. 1

2 Location: Times: Post CSM: Additional Q & A PTNow booth (#1138), APTA Pavilion, Convention Exhibit Hall. Thursday & Friday, Feb , 9:30 AM 4 PM. Saturday, Feb. 24, 9:30 AM 3 PM. Contact articlesearch@apta.org, ptnow@apta.org, or (800) , ext Tip #1: Figure out the type or types of resources you want in your results Database contents Scholarly journals.promote research & academic discussion among professionals within disciplines. Sometimes called refereed journals. Examples: Physical Therapy Sports Health JAMA Physiotherapy Canada 2

3 Database contents... Trade publications allows practitioners in an industry or profession to share information that improves their businesses. Examples: PT in Motion OT Practice Physiotherapy Frontline Advance for Physical Rehab Management Therapy & Rehab Medicine News Database contents... publications that inform/entertain the general public. Examples: Men s Health New York Times [Sunday] Magazine Good Housekeeping Tip #2: Learn about each database s features & subject area(s) so you know which one to use 3

4 Database features The general subject area is called: coverage. This information be found in the database itself under links named: About [name of database] Database information Title list Sources Database features... Consider the following elements in your selection: Database features... & very important for health care practitioners looking for clinical solutions: 4

5 Databases we will be reviewing PubMed / MEDLINE / PMC (PubMed Central) Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) SportDiscus ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source & ProQuest Health & Medical Complete Database: PubMed/MEDLINE Description: The U.S. National Library of Medicine s premier bibliographic database provides information from across the health care spectrum. Contains article references published in biomedical journals & magazines. Coverage: 29 million+ citations from 5,200+ journals in 40 languages. 800,000+ records are added each year. Time period: 1949 to present, with limited coverage dating back to Database: PubMed/MEDLINE... Availability: Free to the public. Features: PubMed The free, public version of Medline available on the National Library of Medicine Web site, < PubMed Central (PMC) An ever increasing number of articles (now 5.3 million) provide access to free full text from < 5

6 Database: CINAHL Description: CINAHL is the authoritative bibliographic resource for nursing & allied health literature. It covers the fields of nursing and 17 allied health professions, including physical therapy. It is primarily an index of sources. Coverage: 5.8 million records from 5,500+ journals, 1937 date. (C. COMPLETE=1,300+ in full text) Availability: By subscription only. Database: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Description: Contains full text articles and research protocols, focusing on the effects of interventions for prevention, treatment and rehabilitation in a healthcare setting. Evidence based. Combined statistically with meta analysis to increase the strength of the findings. Produced by the Cochrane Collaboration (est. 1993). Coverage: 10,000+ records. Database: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews... Time period: NEW Only the most recent reviews on a topic are in the database. Features: Review Groups focus on particular areas of health. Range of topics includes wound care, musculoskeletal, multiple sclerosis, incontinence, women s health, etc. Availability: By subscription only. 6

7 Database: SportDiscus Description: A comprehensive source of full text for sports & sports medicine journals. Subjects covered include: physical therapy kinesiology rehabilitation biomechanics nutrition sports & movement science occupational health exercise exercise physical fitness sports medicine Database: SportDiscus... Coverage: 160,000+ articles with searchable cited references; 650+ full text journals & abstracts for some 980 journals; 3,800 records for sports related videos; fulltext coverage back to Availability: By subscription only. 7

8 Database: ProQuest Description: APTA s subscription combines ProQuest Health & Medical Complete and Nursing & Allied Health Source libraries. Topics: healthcare research and information for allied health, medical, and nursing professionals; also healthcare business and finance. Coverage: 4,500+ publications in full text and images; another 500+ in abstract form. Database: ProQuest... Time period: Varies by publication title. Examples: Journal of Hand Therapy 2001 to the most recent 2 months in full text. New England Journal of Medicine 1986 to the most recent 3 months in full text. 8

9 Common database services Alert creation RSS (Really Simple Syndication) feeds Downloading into bibliographic software Style guide selection (AMA, APA, etc.) Searching inside one periodical or across all A personal folder for saving search results, and more. Usually requires an account creation and log-in. Activity #1 Remembering the information reviewed, select the best database(s) for each of the questions: 1. The term "coverage" refers to: a. The time period represented in a database b. The languages represented in a database c. The types of documents included in a database d. The disciplines represented in a database e. All of the above Activity # Systematic reviews on interventions for low back pain a. ProQuest b. Medline c. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 9

10 Activity # News articles about direct access for physical therapists as well as journal articles about rehabilitation? a. Cumulative Index for Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) b: ProQuest c: Medline Activity # In which database will you find the most citations to physical therapy & related rehabilitation literature? a. Cumulative Index for Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) b: PubMed/Medline c: ProQuest Activity # Where can you find research and news articles on sports medicine, wellness & fitness programs, nutrition, and physical therapy? a. Cumulative Index for Nursing & Allied Health (CINAHL) b. SportDiscus c. PubMed/Medline 10

11 Tip #3: Identify the key concepts in your question before you start searching Search prep: Selecting key words & concepts Prepare for searching by identifying the key concepts in your question. Search prep: Selecting key words & concepts... 11

12 Search prep: Selecting key words & concepts... Question: Would aquatic exercise benefit patients who have knee osteoarthritis? Map out your search terms aquatic / exercise / osteoarthritis / knee Connect the terms aquatic AND exercise AND osteoarthritis AND knee Tip #4: Use the structured P I C O model to create clinical search strings Search prep: PICO To locate evidence relevant to a patient, formulate an answerable clinical question which encompasses the issues at hand: Patient + Intervention + Comparison + Outcome (PICO) 12

13 Search prep: PICO model... Search prep: PICO blank form PICO activity When treating patients who have ankle fractures, would adding early weightbearing exercises to a therapy regimen promote increased range of motion faster than immobilizing the ankle for several weeks before exercise therapy? go.usa.gov/xfn OR 13

14 Tip #5: Use Boolean connectors (OR, AND, NOT) to connect your search terms Boolean searching: How to Boolean searching: How to (cont.) Boolean connectors AND, OR, & NOT are used to combine terms relevant to your search. 14

15 Tip #6: Be prepared to refine your search to build the best search string possible Search Prep: Broadening/Narrowing A question that is too narrow may not retrieve enough information. Too narrow?... Broaden the term. A question too broad may result in an overwhelming amount of results, not all of which are on topic. Too broad? Refine or narrow your terms. Search Prep: Broadening/ 15

16 Search Prep: Broadening/ Tip #7: Field searching helps you retrieve more precise results Searching: Records & fields Each article in a database has a record that describes the article content. Fields are the building blocks of records storing information about the article. Field names vary, but in databases author, title, subject, & publication date are common. 16

17 Searching: Field searching Remember: Most search engines and databases search words anywhere or keywords automatically unless you select another type of search. Keyword searching finds matches for your terms in any field of a record or any part of a Web page, so you will typically retrieve more information with less precision. Searching: Field searching... Databases and search engines may allow searching in specific fields: Author Title Subject URL (Web address) This is referred to as "advanced," or "expert searching. Searching activity 1. Which field would you search to find articles written by Lynn Snyder Mackler? a. Author b. Title c. Keyword d. Subject 17

18 Searching activity Which field(s) would you search to find major articles covering physical therapy in the ICU written by Dale Needham? a. Author b. Title c. Keyword d. Subject Searching activity Which fields would you search to find editorials by Alan M. Jette in Physical Therapy journal? a. Author b. Title c. Publication name d. Subject Tip #8: Databases don t understand conversational language so use special tools to clarify what you want 18

19 Searching: Phrases, connectors, truncation, nesting Most databases don't understand everyday language. They need assistance. They require a special set of tools, including: Quotation marks around phrases Boolean operators (OR, AND, NOT) between search terms Searching: Phrases, connectors, truncation, nesting... Wildcards or truncation symbols, like *, for variant word endings saves typing Nesting of terms inside parentheses ( ) for a more comprehensive search Searching: Phrases, connectors, 19

20 Searching activity 1. The Boolean connector AND : a. Broadens a search, allowing more than one term to be in a document. b. Narrows a search. Use to combine different kinds of concepts or different aspects of a question. c. Excludes documents containing whatever follows the word. Searching activity Which symbol(s) are used to tell the database you are searching a phrase? a. ( ) b.?? c. d. All of the above Searching activity Which symbol(s) are predominantly used by databases to truncate endings of words with multiple endings? a. ( ) b.?? c. d. * 20

21 Tip #9: Short on time? Looking for a topic new to you? Check synthesized research sources / systematic reviews Synthesized resources: Examples A synthesized resource available to APTA members since January 2016: Rehabilitation Reference Center 21

22 Tip #10: Take advantage of the special features databases offer Special features Register with each database. Create your own account: My Research (ProQuest), My EBSCOhost (EBSCOhost), My NCBI (PubMed), My PTNow (PTNow) Set up alerts. Bring the research to you instead of you having to go to the databases time & time again: table of contents, publications, subject searches, author tracking, using e mail or RSS. 22

23 Special features... Style features. Format your results in the style selected by your company AMA, APA, Chicago, MLA, Turabian and download or copy into your report. Bibliographic management. Export your results in software you already have available to you RefWorks, EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager, EasyBib, Zotero, et al. [Subscriptions required.] Search inside one publication vs. 1000s. Time saving take aways Note potential search terms in articles you read Track researchers who write on your topic Create alerts in databases to have research and news directed to you Know your resources and their contents/ limitations Practice using the databases and their features Let s go to the databases 23

24 Searching activity Find appropriate wound care interventions for elderly patients with decubitus ulcers. Find the most evidence based treatments for infants with torticollis In patients with cervical spinal cord injury and shoulder weakness, what increases strength more effectively: e stim or resistance exercises? Resources: Searching tutorials Centre for Evidence Based Medicine searching warm up exercise, warm/ PubMed online training, Searching PubMed modules, PubMed help / PubMed database book, Resources: PICO search interfaces PICO Linguist, Search MEDLINE/PubMed via PICO with Spelling Checker, 24

25 Resources: Evidence based databases APTA s PTNow, (APTA members only), includes PTNow ArticleSearch & Rehabilitation Reference Center (APTA members only), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), PubMed / PubMed Central (PMC) free to the public, / Resources: Searching guides Centre for Evidence Based Medicine. Asking focused questions. PEDro tutorials on trial validity & how to use findings Basic Boolean & advanced Boolean explained oolean.pdf Resources: Synthesized clinical content for physical therapists APTA s PTNow, See clinical summaries. [Member login required.] Rehabilitation Reference Center, health.ebsco.com/products/rehabilitation referencecenter. Requires subscription. Available to APTA members via PTNow, [Member login required.] 25

26 Perspectives December 2018 issue /Perspectives/ Your guide to research & tools available from APTA s PTNow.org Resources: Synthesized clinical content for physical therapists... Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI COnNECT requires subscription thru Ovid; see Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Extracts only. Questions? Contact presenter: Gini Blodgett Birchett Lead information resources specialist American Physical Therapy Association giniblodgett@apta.org or articlesearch@apta.org

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