PERSONALITY THEORIES FREUDIAN PSYCHODYNAMICS

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Emerald Dickerson
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1 PERSONALITY THEORIES FREUDIAN PSYCHODYNAMICS

2 PERSONALITY DEFINED The unique pattern of enduring thoughts, feelings, and actions that characterize a person

3 A LITTLE BACKGROUND ON SIGMUND FREUD

4 PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE Freud believed psychological influences caused disorders Wanted to see what these psychological influences were Developed first comprehensive personality theory ever!!

5 PSYCHODYNAMIC Conscious memories Thoughts Emotions Unconscious Painful memories Immoral urges Fears Selfish needs Sigmund Freud Violent impulses Traumatic experiences Unacceptable sexual desires Irrational wishes Unresolved conflicts

6 EXPLORING THE UNCONSCIOUS Unconscious Mind Filled with unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories Psychoanalysis Patients retrieved painful thoughts, once retrieved feel better Free association Freud asked patients to say whatever came to their mind to tap the unconscious

8 THE STRUCTURE OF THE MIND ID EGO SUPEREGO

9 THE ID EROS: Life Instincts Promote positive, constructive behavior Reflect the libido (energy source). THANTOS: Death Instincts Responsible of aggression & destructiveness. Pleasure Principle Seeking immediate satisfaction of both kinds of instincts While unconscious, the id seeks expression through 1. Dreams 2. Freudian Slips (Slips of the Tongue)

11 THE EGO Develops from the Id Parents/teachers & others begin to place restrictions on Id expressions. Reality Principle Makes compromises b/w the Id s demands & practicality of the real world.

12 THE UNCONSCIOUS AT WORK Naomi s id wants her to eat an entire plate of donuts. The ego suggests a more moderate response, which may partially satisfy the id. Naomi decides to have one donut.

13 THE SUPEREGO Develops from internalizing societal & cultural values Tells us what we should & should not do Moral Guide Feelings of guilt for doing bad; feelings of pride for doing good.

14 THE UNCONSCIOUS AT WORK You are a small child in a candy store. Your id is screaming for candy. The superego is saying, You know it is wrong to steal candy. The ego decides that the best way to handle this dilemma is for you to go home and ask your mother for your allowance. Then you can go back and buy the candy, satisfying both the id and the superego.

16 PSYCHODYNAMIC CONFLICTS Id, ego & superego compete and conflict. Personalities are shaped by the number, nature and outcome of these conflicts. Ego s function in the conflict is to prevent anxiety or guilt when we are aware of our id impulses or violate superego s rules. This ego sometimes uses defense mechanisms to prevent anxiety or guilt.

17 ID/EGO/SUPEREGO REVIEW

18 DEFENSE MECHANISMS Repression To Forget Denial To Not Admit Displacement To Redirect Anger Reaction Formation To Express The Opposite

19 DEFENSE MECHANISMS Regression To Go Backward Rationalization To Make Excuses Projection To Point The Finger Sublimation To Channel Impulses

20 DEFENSE MECHANISMS Compensation To Overachieve

21 PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Occurs in stages. Healthy personalities complete stages without the libido becoming fixated in earlier stages. Fixation occurs when a child becomes too comfortable in a stage OR they are traumatized in a stage.

22 STAGES OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT Oral Stage Anal Stage Phallic Stage Genital Stage Latency Period Impulses stay in the background. Focus becomes development of social skills.

23 *****

25 SPAZZ & MR. BEAR APPLYING PSYCHODYNAMICS

26 FREUDIAN PSYCHODYNAMICS What stage does Spazz seem to be strongly fixated in? Why? Provide two examples that illustrate Spazz has reached the Phallic Stage. List at least 2 personality traits that will remain the same throughout Spazz s life.

Defense Mechanisms Emotions may not be consciously

27 EVALUATING FREUDIAN PSYCHODYNAMICS Positives Stimulated personality developmental theories Defense Mechanisms Emotions may not be consciously felt Negatives Not empirical or representative PENIS ENVY???

28 VARIATIONS ON FREUD S PERSONALITY THEORY: NEO FREUDIANS Carl Jung Extroverted & introverted personality types Collective unconscious & archetypes

29 VARIATIONS ON FREUD S PERSONALITY THEORY: NEO FREUDIANS Alfred Adler Personality develops from innate desire to control our environment & overcome helplessness Strive for Superiority

30 VARIATIONS ON FREUD S PERSONALITY THEORY: NEO FREUDIANS Karen Horney Countered Freud s penis envy w/ womb envy Women feel inferior because of cultural & political restrictions. People in general must deal with neurotic needs

31 CONTEMPORARY PSYCHODYNAMICS: OBJECT RELATIONS Studies how people s perceptions of themselves influence their view of the world The first relationships b/w infants & love objects (mothers) vitally important Focus on attachments (secure & insecure)

What is Personality? Personality. an individual s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

What is Personality? Personality an individual s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting basic perspectives covering how personality develops and is assessed Psychoanalytic Humanistic The