fmri: What Does It Measure?
|
|
|
- Leo Dennis
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 fmri: What Does It Measure? Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/02/2018: Lecture 02-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create the slides. The macros aren t needed to view the slides. You can disable or delete the macros without any change to the presentation.
2 Outline fmri what does it measure? Example of fmri study of face recognition Top down and bottom up processing Lecture probably ends here Psych 355,, Miyamoto, Spr '18 2
3 fmri Uses a Big Magnet This images is used with permission of the author, J. J. B. Allen at the University of Arizona. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Graphic Showing BOLD Contrast 3
4 Measuring Activation A Subtraction Measure Oxygenated Blood Control Condition Deoxygenated Blood Test Condition Brain Activity = Oxygen Concentration in Test Condition MINUS Oxygen Concentration in Control Condition Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Details of fmri Measurement 4
5 fmri Dependent Measure BOLD Signal Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Signal BOC Measure Blood Oxygen Contrast Measure Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Details of fmri Measurement 5
6 Measuring Activation A Subtraction Measure Oxygenated Blood Control Condition Deoxygenated Blood Test Condition Brain Activity = Oxygen Concentration in Test Condition MINUS Oxygen Concentration in Control Condition Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Details of fmri Measurement 6
7 How Does fmri Measure Brain Activity Local neuronal activity Increased local metabolic rate Increased blood flow Increased oxygenated hemoglobin Control Condition Test Condition Uptake of O 2 less than supply Decreased concentrations of deoxyhemoglobin Increased local fmri T2* signal (electromagnetic signal) BOLD signal Blood Oxygenated Level-Dependent signal (the measured response is dependent on the level of oxygenated blood) A.k.a. hemodynamic response: Change in blood response measured over time Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Strengths and Weaknesses of fmri 7
8 Strengths and Weaknesses of fmri Measures of Brain Activity Excellent spatial resolution Magnetic changes can be measured at a resolution of 1-3mm³. Temporal resolution is poor. In the 1990 s the temporal resolution was about 4 seconds. Today the temporal resolution is about 2 seconds. MRI machines impose physical limitations on the subjects. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Localization of Function 8
9 Localization of Function Specific functions are served by specific areas of the brain Cognitive functioning breaks down in specific ways when areas of the brain are damaged Brain imaging can identify areas of the brain that serve specific functions. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Localization of Function in FFA and PPA 9
10 Next: fmri Evidence for Brain Areas with Specialized Perceptual Functions O'Craven, K., & Kanwisher, N. (2000). Mental imagery of faces and places activates corresponding stimulus-specific brain regions. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, FFA: Fusiform face area. Specialized for faces. ( ventral occipito-temporal cortex ) PPA: Parahippocampal place area. Specialized for representing location info. ( ventromedial cortical region ) Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Face Recognition: Graphic Showing Location of FFA & PPA 10
11 Location of the fusiform face area and parahippocampal gyrus Graphic from nic/htms/fmri.html Parahippocampal place area (PPA) Fusiform face area (FFA) Diagram of Brain Head Facing Left Graphic from the article: Haynes, J-D., & Rees, G. (2006). Decoding mental states from brain activity in humans. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7, Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 O'Craven & Kanwisher Research Hypotheses 11
12 O Craven & Kanwisher Research Hypotheses Research Goal: To test the claim that the fusiform face area is specialized for face perception. Prediction: FFA will be activated by face stimuli but not by location stimuli. PPA will be activated by location stimuli but not by face stimuli. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 fmri % Signal Change in FFA & PPA 12
13 % Signal Change % Signal Change fmri Study of Face and Place Perception FFA: Fusiform face area. Specialized for faces. Perception PPA: Parahippocampal place area. Specialized for representing location info. Subject views a face or a place. Look at Just the Upper Half of this Graph Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 13
14 % Signal Change % Signal Change fmri Study of Face and Place Perception FFA: Fusiform face area. Specialized for faces. Perception PPA: Parahippocampal place area. Specialized for representing location information. Subject views a face or a place. Face stimulus activates FFA; place stimulus does not. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Look at Just the Lower Half of this Graph 14
15 % Signal Change % Signal Change fmri Study of Face and Place Perception FFA: Fusiform face area. Specialized for faces. Perception PPA: Parahippocampal place area. Specialized for representing location info. Subject views a face or a place. Place stimulus activates PPA; face stimulus does not. Point Out that There Is a Double Dissociation Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 15
16 % Signal Change % Signal Change fmri Study of Face and Place Perception FFA: Fusiform face area. Specialized for faces. PPA: Parahippocampal place area. Specialized for representing location info. Perception Face and place stimuli have opposite effects on FFA and PPA. Double dissociation! Supports claim that FFA serves face perception and PPA serves spatial perception Define Double Dissociation; Discuss Double Dissociation Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 16
17 Double Dissociation in Brain Imaging Suppose you are studying the function of two brain areas, A and B. Results exhibit a double dissociation if... (i) one class of stimuli activates area A and fails to activate area B; (ii) a different class of stimuli activates area B and fails to activate area A. Example: Viewing faces activates FFA but not PPA; Viewing places activates PPA but not FFA. Double dissociations are important because they provide evidence for specialization of function in different areas of the brain. (This is one type of evidence for localization of function.) Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Summary re Physiological Methods 17
18 Summary Physiological methods in cognitive neuropsychology Single cell recordings Event-related potentials (ERP s) Positron emission tomography (PET) Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) Localization of function identifying parts of the brain that are involved in processing specific types of stimuli or performing specific tasks. Double dissociation demonstrating that the neural response is specific to particular types of stimuli or specific tasks. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 18 Start Perception Topic - Bottom Up & Top Down Processing
19 Bottom Up and Top Down Processing Bottom up processing processing of current stimulation influences what is perceived Top down processing background knowledge, learning and expectations influence what is perceived. Bottom up processing is data driven. Top down processing is theory-driven, knowledge-driven, and context-driven. Example of top down processing: Your knowledge of rectilinear solids informs your perception. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Examples of Top Down and Bottom Up Processing 19
20 Examples of Bottom Up Processes Elementary feature detection, e.g., edge detectors, bar detectors, motion detectors. The following color perception is bottom up: Your perception of the red squares is dictated by the stimulus; the perception is not influenced by prior expectations or beliefs. Similarly, the perceived motion of the blue disk is bottom up. It is controlled by the stimulus, not by your beliefs or expectations. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Example of Top Down Processing 20
21 Other Examples of Top Down Processes When people see a plane crash, at least some witnesses always claim to have seen flames coming from the engines. (Top-down when claim is false; either top-down or bottom up when it is true.) Scene understanding involves both top-down and bottom-up processing. Psych 355, Miyamoto, Spr '18 Classroom Experiment to Demonstrate Top Down Processes in Object Identification 21
22 Monday, 2 April, 2018: The Lecture Ended Here Psych 355,, Miyamoto, Spr '18 22
in Cognitive Neuroscience
Finish: History of Cognitive Psychology Then: Physiological Measures. in Cognitive Neuroscience Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 03/29/2018: Lecture 01-4 Note: This Powerpoint
Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal
Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/24/2018: Lecture 05-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation
Outline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz
Biological Psychology: Research Methods Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Outline Neuroscience Methods Histology Electrophysiological Recordings Lesion Neuroimaging Neuroanatomy Histology: Brain structure
Midterm Exam 1 ** Form A **
File = D:\p355\mid1a.a-key.p355.spr18.docm 1 John Miyamoto (email: jmiyamot@uw.edu) Psych 355: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Spring 2018 Course website: https://faculty.washington.edu/jmiyamot/p355/p355-set.htm
The Central Nervous System
The Central Nervous System Cellular Basis. Neural Communication. Major Structures. Principles & Methods. Principles of Neural Organization Big Question #1: Representation. How is the external world coded
Neuroimaging and Assessment Methods
Psych 2200, Lecture 5 Experimental Design and Brain Imaging Methods Tues Sept 15, 2015 Revised TA office hours (Sam), today 4-5p, and wed 11:30-1:30. I will not have office hours this thurs but you should
Methods to examine brain activity associated with emotional states and traits
Methods to examine brain activity associated with emotional states and traits Brain electrical activity methods description and explanation of method state effects trait effects Positron emission tomography
Table 1. Summary of PET and fmri Methods. What is imaged PET fmri BOLD (T2*) Regional brain activation. Blood flow ( 15 O) Arterial spin tagging (AST)
Table 1 Summary of PET and fmri Methods What is imaged PET fmri Brain structure Regional brain activation Anatomical connectivity Receptor binding and regional chemical distribution Blood flow ( 15 O)
EDGE DETECTION. Edge Detectors. ICS 280: Visual Perception
EDGE DETECTION Edge Detectors Slide 2 Convolution & Feature Detection Slide 3 Finds the slope First derivative Direction dependent Need many edge detectors for all orientation Second order derivatives
Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience fmri results in context. Doug Schultz
Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience fmri results in context Doug Schultz 3-2-2017 Overview In-depth look at some examples of fmri results Fusiform face area (Kanwisher et al., 1997) Subsequent memory
to Cues Present at Test
1st: Matching Cues Present at Study to Cues Present at Test 2nd: Introduction to Consolidation Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/03/2018: Lecture 06-4 Note: This Powerpoint
The Cognitive Neuroscientist s Toolkit
The Cognitive Neuroscientist s Toolkit Jesse Rissman CS 182 Guest Lecture, 2/1/07 QuickTimeª and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture. LESION PET fmri EEG/MEG TMS A little
Introduction to Long-Term Memory
Introduction to Long-Term Memory Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/26/2018: Lecture 05-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
BOLD signal dependence on blood flow and metabolism. Outline
BOLD signal dependence on blood flow and metabolism R. Hoge, MGH NMR Center Outline physiological events accompanying neuronal activation factors affecting BOLD signal sensitivity BOLD response dynamics
Key questions about attention
Key questions about attention How does attention affect behavioral performance? Can attention affect the appearance of things? How does spatial and feature-based attention affect neuronal responses in
Brief History of Cognitive Psychology
Brief History of Cognitive Psychology Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 03/27/2018: Lecture 01-3 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help
25/09/2012. Capgras Syndrome. Chapter 2. Capgras Syndrome - 2. The Neural Basis of Cognition
Chapter 2 The Neural Basis of Cognition Capgras Syndrome Alzheimer s patients & others delusion that significant others are robots or impersonators - paranoia Two brain systems for facial recognition -
Sensory Memory, Short-Term Memory & Working Memory
Sensory, Short-Term & Working Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/17/2018: Lecture 04-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create
Introduction to Attention and Theories of Selective Attention
Introduction to Attention and Theories of Selective Attention Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/09/2018: Lecture 03-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros
Feature Integration Theory
Feature Integration Theory Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/12/2018: Lecture 03-4 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create the
Introduction to Categorization Theory
Introduction to Categorization Theory (Goldstein Ch 9: Knowledge) Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/15/2018: Lecture 08-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain
Frank Tong. Department of Psychology Green Hall Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544
Frank Tong Department of Psychology Green Hall Princeton University Princeton, NJ 08544 Office: Room 3-N-2B Telephone: 609-258-2652 Fax: 609-258-1113 Email: ftong@princeton.edu Graduate School Applicants
Heuristics & Biases:
Heuristics & Biases: The Availability Heuristic and The Representativeness Heuristic Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 05/29/2018: Lecture 10-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation
Introduction. Visual Perception Aditi Majumder, UCI. Perception is taken for granted!
Introduction Visual Perception Perception is taken for granted! Slide 2 1 Perception is very complex Perceive Locate Identify/Recognize Different objects Their relationship with each other Qualitative
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
HOW TO STUDY MORE EFFECTIVELY (P 187-189) Elaborate Think about the meaning of the information that you are learning Relate to what you already know Associate: link information together Generate and test
Rhythm and Rate: Perception and Physiology HST November Jennifer Melcher
Rhythm and Rate: Perception and Physiology HST 722 - November 27 Jennifer Melcher Forward suppression of unit activity in auditory cortex Brosch and Schreiner (1997) J Neurophysiol 77: 923-943. Forward
Experimental Design. Thomas Wolbers Space and Aging Laboratory Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems
Experimental Design Thomas Wolbers Space and Aging Laboratory Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems Overview Design of functional neuroimaging studies Categorical designs Factorial designs Parametric
Brain and Cognition. Cognitive Neuroscience. If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it
Brain and Cognition Cognitive Neuroscience If the brain were simple enough to understand, we would be too stupid to understand it 1 The Chemical Synapse 2 Chemical Neurotransmission At rest, the synapse
Chapter 1 Introduction. Welcome to Our World Thresholds and the Dawn of Psychophysics Sensory Neuroscience and the Biology of Perception
1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction Welcome to Our World Thresholds and the Dawn of Psychophysics Sensory Neuroscience and the Biology of Perception Introduction What do we mean by Sensation & Perception?
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 17. Peeking Inside The Head. Part 1. Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D.
COGNITIVE SCIENCE 17 Peeking Inside The Head Part 1 Jaime A. Pineda, Ph.D. Imaging The Living Brain! Computed Tomography (CT)! Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)! Positron Emission Tomography (PET)! Functional
FINAL PROGRESS REPORT
(1) Foreword (optional) (2) Table of Contents (if report is more than 10 pages) (3) List of Appendixes, Illustrations and Tables (if applicable) (4) Statement of the problem studied FINAL PROGRESS REPORT
CS/NEUR125 Brains, Minds, and Machines. Due: Friday, April 14
CS/NEUR125 Brains, Minds, and Machines Assignment 5: Neural mechanisms of object-based attention Due: Friday, April 14 This Assignment is a guided reading of the 2014 paper, Neural Mechanisms of Object-Based
The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1
The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1 Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics Happy Hour!!! Tuesdays 7/11, 7/18, 7/25 5:30-6:30 PM @ the Boone Center
PHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION. Alternatives to BOLD for fmri
PHYSICS OF MRI ACQUISITION Quick Review for fmri HST-583, Fall 2002 HST.583: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Data Acquisition and Analysis Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology
Laurent Itti: CS564 Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence. Lecture 4: Experimental techniques in visual neuroscience. Reading Assignments: None!
CS 564 Brain Theory and Artificial Intelligence Lecture 4: Experimental techniques in visual neuroscience Reading Assignments: None! 1 Today we will briefly review - electrophysiological recording and
Eavesdropping on the Mind. COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata
Eavesdropping on the Mind COGS 17 - Winter 2019 Andrew Shibata Announcements - Midterm I is next Tuesday! - Exam is worth 25% of your grade - Homework 1 is due at the exam (worth 2.5% of grade) - Review
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) What happens beyond the retina? What happens in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)- 90% flow Visual cortex Information Flow Superior colliculus 10% flow Slide 2 Information
Prof. Greg Francis 1/2/19
Brain scans PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 03 How to study the brain without killing someone. Scanning Technology provides insight into brain processes w EEG recordings w MRI w Non-invasive Maps of brain
Titelmaster The physics of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri)
Titelmaster The physics of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) Outline 1.Introduction 2.The fmri experiment 2 3.The physics basis of fmri 4.Application Outline 3 1.Introduction Introduction Phrenology
Competing Frameworks in Perception
Competing Frameworks in Perception Lesson II: Perception module 08 Perception.08. 1 Views on perception Perception as a cascade of information processing stages From sensation to percept Template vs. feature
Competing Frameworks in Perception
Competing Frameworks in Perception Lesson II: Perception module 08 Perception.08. 1 Views on perception Perception as a cascade of information processing stages From sensation to percept Template vs. feature
Identify these objects
Pattern Recognition The Amazing Flexibility of Human PR. What is PR and What Problems does it Solve? Three Heuristic Distinctions for Understanding PR. Top-down vs. Bottom-up Processing. Semantic Priming.
P2 Visual - Perception
P2 Visual - Perception 2014 SOSE Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions gyula.kovacs@uni-jena.de 11/09/06 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) The very basics What is fmri? What is MRI? The
Non-Invasive Techniques
Non-Invasive Techniques Key: Does not hurt the organism Psychology 372 Physiological Psychology Steven E. Meier, Ph.D. Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides or view the video presentation
Non-Invasive Techniques
Many Procedures Non-Invasive Techniques Key: Does not hurt the organism Psychology 372 Physiological Psychology Steven E. Meier, Ph.D. Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides or view the
Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2
Name: ID # ID: A Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2 Multiple Choice (38 questions, 1 point each) Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Midterm Exam 1 NAME: UW ID:
File = D:\p355\mid1a.p355.spr16.docm 1 John Miyamoto (email: jmiyamot@uw.edu) Psych 355: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Spring 2016 Course website: https://faculty.washington.edu/jmiyamot/p355/p355-set.htm
Attention: Neural Mechanisms and Attentional Control Networks Attention 2
Attention: Neural Mechanisms and Attentional Control Networks Attention 2 Hillyard(1973) Dichotic Listening Task N1 component enhanced for attended stimuli Supports early selection Effects of Voluntary
The functional organization of the ventral visual pathway and its relationship to object recognition
Kanwisher-08 9/16/03 9:27 AM Page 169 Chapter 8 The functional organization of the ventral visual pathway and its relationship to object recognition Kalanit Grill-Spector Abstract Humans recognize objects
Perception of Faces and Bodies
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE Perception of Faces and Bodies Similar or Different? Virginia Slaughter, 1 Valerie E. Stone, 2 and Catherine Reed 3 1 Early Cognitive Development Unit and 2
PS3019 Cognitive and Clinical Neuropsychology
PS3019 Cognitive and Clinical Neuropsychology Carlo De Lillo HWB Room P05 Consultation time: Tue & Thu 2.30-3.30 E-mail: CDL2@le.ac.uk Overview Neuropsychology of visual processing Neuropsychology of spatial
Attention and Scene Perception
Theories of attention Techniques for studying scene perception Physiological basis of attention Attention and single cells Disorders of attention Scene recognition attention any of a large set of selection
Neuroimaging. BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT. Human Brain Mapping
11/8/2013 Neuroimaging N i i BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT 2 Human Brain Mapping H Human m n brain br in m mapping ppin can nb
ASSUMPTION OF COGNITIVE UNIFORMITY
The Human Brain cerebral hemispheres: two most important divisions of the brain, separated by the longitudinal fissure corpus callosum: a large bundle of axons that constitutes the major connection between
Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions. Visual awareness
Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions Visual awareness Phylosphy of mind Art AI Normal and abnormal states Coma Drugs Hypnosis Religion Cosciousness 2 Unconscious processes Normal and abnormal contents
Image Processing in the Human Visual System, a Quick Overview
Image Processing in the Human Visual System, a Quick Overview By Orazio Gallo, April 24th, 2008 The Visual System Our most advanced perception system: The optic nerve has 106 fibers, more than all the
MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience
MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences Module Information *Please note that this is a sample guide to modules. The exact
NEUROSCIENCE. Barbora Cimrová
NEUROSCIENCE Barbora Cimrová Neuroscience is the scientific study of the nervous system (NS) structure, organization, function of its parts and its functioning as a whole unit traditionally: branch of
Methods for Seeing the Brain (http://www.pbs.org/wnet/brain/scanning/)
Mind-Brain There are 2 broad approaches to connecting brain and cognitive activity: 1. (modern) Imaging techniques 2. (classic) Patients with brain trauma H. Jackson, A.R. Luria, O. Sacks Methods for Seeing
Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes
Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes The Puzzle of Object and Scene Perception The stimulus on the receptors is ambiguous. Inverse projection problem: An image on the retina can be caused by an infinite
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed., M. S. Gazzaniga, R. B. Ivry, and G. R. Mangun, Norton, 2002. Summarized by Y.-J. Park, M.-H. Kim, and B.-T. Zhang
Prof. Greg Francis 7/31/15
s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception
COGS 101A: Sensation and Perception 1 Virginia R. de Sa Department of Cognitive Science UCSD Lecture 6: Beyond V1 - Extrastriate cortex Chapter 4 Course Information 2 Class web page: http://cogsci.ucsd.edu/
Brain and Nervous System Gleitman et al. (2011), Chapter 3, Part 2
Brain and Nervous System Gleitman et al. (2011), Chapter 3, Part 2 Mike D Zmura Department of Cognitive Sciences, UCI Psych 9A / Psy Beh 11A January 23, 2014 T. M. D'Zmura 1 Studying the Nervous System
Neuroimaging vs. other methods
BASIC LOGIC OF NEUROIMAGING fmri (functional magnetic resonance imaging) Bottom line on how it works: Adapts MRI to register the magnetic properties of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, allowing
9.71 Functional MRI of High-Level Vision Fall 2007
MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.edu 9.71 Functional MRI of High-Level Vision Fall 2007 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 9.71: fmri of
A U. Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience 2/8/2016. Neat Stuff! Cognitive Psychology
Methods of Cognitive Neuroscience Neat Stuff! Optogenetics http://spie.org/newsroom/technical-articles-archive/videos/0411-boyden Stimulating the brain with light Cognitive Psychology Mental Representation
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding
Ch 5. Perception and Encoding Cognitive Neuroscience: The Biology of the Mind, 2 nd Ed., M. S. Gazzaniga,, R. B. Ivry,, and G. R. Mangun,, Norton, 2002. Summarized by Y.-J. Park, M.-H. Kim, and B.-T. Zhang
Enhancing functional magnetic resonance imaging with supervised learning
Enhancing functional magnetic resonance imaging with supervised learning Stephen M. LaConte Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University Atlanta, GA 30322 slaconte@bme.emory.edu
Chapter 5. Summary and Conclusions! 131
! Chapter 5 Summary and Conclusions! 131 Chapter 5!!!! Summary of the main findings The present thesis investigated the sensory representation of natural sounds in the human auditory cortex. Specifically,
Neural codes PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 12. COC illusion
Neural codes PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 12 Is 100 billion neurons enough? COC illusion The COC illusion looks like real squares because the neural responses are similar True squares COC squares Ganglion
Vision and Action. 10/3/12 Percep,on Ac,on 1
Vision and Action Our ability to move thru our environment is closely tied to visual perception. Simple examples include standing one one foot. It is easier to maintain balance with the eyes open than
Impaired face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia is associated with abnormal response to individual faces in the right middle fusiform gyrus
Impaired face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia is associated with abnormal response to individual faces in the right middle fusiform gyrus Christine Schiltz Bettina Sorger Roberto Caldara Fatima
Visual Context Dan O Shea Prof. Fei Fei Li, COS 598B
Visual Context Dan O Shea Prof. Fei Fei Li, COS 598B Cortical Analysis of Visual Context Moshe Bar, Elissa Aminoff. 2003. Neuron, Volume 38, Issue 2, Pages 347 358. Visual objects in context Moshe Bar.
Neural Systems for Visual Scene Recognition
Neural Systems for Visual Scene Recognition Russell Epstein University of Pennsylvania Where (dorsal) What (ventral) Cortical specialization for scenes?? (Epstein & Kanwisher, 1998) Scenes > Faces &
Supporting Information
Supporting Information Moriguchi and Hiraki 10.1073/pnas.0809747106 SI Text Differences in Brain Activation Between Preswitch and Postswitch Phases. The paired t test was used to compare the brain activation
Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function:
Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function: A Comparison of Electrophysiological and Other Neuroimaging Approaches Leun J. Otten Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology University
LISC-322 Neuroscience Cortical Organization
LISC-322 Neuroscience Cortical Organization THE VISUAL SYSTEM Higher Visual Processing Martin Paré Assistant Professor Physiology & Psychology Most of the cortex that covers the cerebral hemispheres is
An Introduction to Translational Neuroscience Approaches to Investigating Autism
An Introduction to Translational Neuroscience Approaches to Investigating Autism Gabriel S. Dichter, PhD Departments of Psychiatry & Psychology, UNC-Chapel Hill Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities
Reading Words and Non-Words: A Joint fmri and Eye-Tracking Study
Reading Words and Non-Words: A Joint fmri and Eye-Tracking Study A N N - M A R I E R A P H A I L S R E B C S, S K I D M O R E C O L L E G E D R. J O H N H E N D E R S O N U N I V E R S I T Y O F S O U
HST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION
HST 583 fmri DATA ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION Neural Signal Processing for Functional Neuroimaging Neuroscience Statistics Research Laboratory Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School/MIT Division
Rules of apparent motion: The shortest-path constraint: objects will take the shortest path between flashed positions.
Rules of apparent motion: The shortest-path constraint: objects will take the shortest path between flashed positions. The box interrupts the apparent motion. The box interrupts the apparent motion.
ASSAF HAREL, PHD CURRICULUM VITAE Department of Psychology Wright State University
Assaf Harel, August 2014 1 Contact Details 437 Fawcett Hall 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway Dayton, Ohio 45435 Email: assaf.harel@wright.edu Tel: (937) 775-3819 Cell: (240) 938-4020 ASSAF HAREL, PHD CURRICULUM
HUMAN SOCIAL INTERACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL C8CSNR
HUMAN SOCIAL INTERACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL C8CSNR Applicants Principal Investigator Student ID 4039921 Collaborators Name(s) Institution(s) Title of project: Neural basis of verbal and non-verbal false
Prediction of Successful Memory Encoding from fmri Data
Prediction of Successful Memory Encoding from fmri Data S.K. Balci 1, M.R. Sabuncu 1, J. Yoo 2, S.S. Ghosh 3, S. Whitfield-Gabrieli 2, J.D.E. Gabrieli 2 and P. Golland 1 1 CSAIL, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
Methods for assessing the brain basis of developmental disorders
Announcements LIGN171: Child Language Acquisition http://ling.ucsd.edu/courses/lign171 Final Exam will be a take-home exam Format similar to the short assignment (no multiple choice, etc.) Will be handed
Visual area MT responds to local motion. Visual area MST responds to optic flow. Visual area STS responds to biological motion.
Visual area responds to local motion MST V3a V3 Visual area MST responds to optic flow MST V3a V3 Visual area STS responds to biological motion STS Macaque visual areas Flattening the brain What is a visual
Predicting Perceptual Performance From Neural Activity
Predicting Perceptual Performance From Neural Activity Koel Das 2, Sheng Li 3, Barry Giesbrecht 1, 2, Zoe Kourtzi 4, Miguel P. Eckstein 1, 2 1 Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies 2 Department of
Gross Organization I The Brain. Reading: BCP Chapter 7
Gross Organization I The Brain Reading: BCP Chapter 7 Layout of the Nervous System Central Nervous System (CNS) Located inside of bone Includes the brain (in the skull) and the spinal cord (in the backbone)
Competing Streams at the Cocktail Party
Competing Streams at the Cocktail Party A Neural and Behavioral Study of Auditory Attention Jonathan Z. Simon Neuroscience and Cognitive Sciences / Biology / Electrical & Computer Engineering University
Chapter One- Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
Chapter One- Introduction to Cognitive Psychology -Concerned with the scientific study of the mind and how the brain processes information -The mind creates and control mental capacities such as perception,
Vision Seeing is in the mind
1 Vision Seeing is in the mind Stimulus: Light 2 Light Characteristics 1. Wavelength (hue) 2. Intensity (brightness) 3. Saturation (purity) 3 4 Hue (color): dimension of color determined by wavelength
What is cognitive neuroscience?
9.63 - Fall 2005 Lecture 7 Ben Balas Courtesy of Ben Balas. Used with permission. What is cognitive neuroscience? Experimental Psychology is more or less the study of subjects behavior subject to various
Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN)
How are we ever going to understand this? Computational Cognitive Neuroscience (CCN) Peggy Seriès, Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, University of Edinburgh, UK Spring Term 2010 Practical
"Consolidation theory posits that once a memory is consolidated, it remains consolidated.
"Consolidation theory posits that once a memory is consolidated, it remains consolidated. In contrast to this expectation, we will argue that memory retrieval can return a consolidated/fixed memory to
Psychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making
Psychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making Psychology 466: Judgment & Decision Making Instructor: John Miyamoto 09/28/2017: Lecture 01-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote
Concurrent near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) of the brain
Motor cortex activation fmri Near-infrared imaging Concurrent near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) of the brain Sergio Fantini s group, Department of Biomedical
The Brain. Its major systems, How we study them, How they make the mind
The Brain Its major systems, How we study them, How they make the mind 9.00 Introduction to Psychology Joanne s Recitation Section Friday, February 11, 2011 Outline 1. Syllabus: Course Requirements, Exams,
Statistical parametric mapping
350 PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY HOW TO UNDERSTAND IT Statistical parametric mapping Geraint Rees Wellcome Senior Clinical Fellow,Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Institute of Neurology, University College
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience
Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 10: Brain-Computer Interfaces Ilya Kuzovkin So Far Stimulus So Far So Far Stimulus What are the neuroimaging techniques you know about? Stimulus So Far