A Brief History of Psychology. Chapter 1, Section 2
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1 A Brief History of Psychology Chapter 1, Section 2
2 Essential Question Has the field of psychology evolved over time and, if so, what has led to this process?
3 I CAN Explain important trends in the history of psychology Identify various approaches to the field of psychology Analyze why Sigmund Freud smokes cigars
4 Introduction Psychology has molded from other sciences Greek philosophers Reliance on observation Phrenology- practice of examining bumps on a person s skull to determine that person s intellect and character traits
5 Phrenology activity - 10 minutes Clip- 3:30 Clip- 1:20 Phrenology accurately identifies personality traits.. Do you.
6 Drag your dot to indicate whether you agree or disagree: Agree Disagree
7 Historical Approaches Structuralism Functionalism Inheritable Traits Gestalt
8 Structuralism Wilhelm Wundt- a psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences Established modern psychology as a separate, formal field of study First Laboratory of Psychology in Leipzig, Germany Developed method of self-observation
9 Functionalism William James taught first class in psychology at Harvard University Considered Father of Psychology in America Studied how animals and people adapt to their environment
10 Psychology 101 Video Wundt and James as founders of psychological practice: 1:10 minutes
11 Why was Wilhelm Wundt s introspection method criticized, and what did Wundt s & James work help to shape?
12 Inheritable Traits Sir Francis Galton Understand how heredity influences a person s abilities, personality, behavior A person s heredity and environment interact to influence intelligence Helped to create modern personality and IQ tests
13 Click on the IQ test box and take the IQ test on the left, then draw or type your result in the space provided: IQ TEST
14 Gestalt Psychology Gestalt means whole pattern Argued that perception is more than the sum of its parts Imagine a chair what do you see? Do you imagine a whole chair or do you recognize the legs, seat, back? Forerunner for cognitive approaches to the study of psychology
15 Part 2- To Be Continued The Contemporary Approaches
16 Contemporary Approaches Psychoanalytic Behavioral Humanistic Cognitive Biological Sociocultural
17 Psychoanalytic Sigmund Freud Psychoanalyst More interested in unconscious thought Believed unconscious mind controlled behavior ch?v=l1ya3hfn2bm
18 Talking Theory Free Association Revealed operation of unconscious processes Dream analysis
19 ANSWER AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE WITH THE FIRST WORD THAT OCCURS TO YOUR MIND: Turtle
20 Psychosexual Stages
21 According to Freud, which was the psychosexual stage he wasn t able to complete as represented by his cigar use? Oral Anal Phallic Latent
22 Behavioral Psychology Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, John B. Watson When you investigate observable behavior Ivan Pavlov- Classical Conditioning Pavlov s Dog experiment BF Skinner Reinforcement- response to a behavior that will increase the likelihood or repeated behavior
23 Humanistic Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers, Rollo May Each person has freedom in directing his or her future and potential to develop Individual or self-directed choices influence our behavior Emphasizes personal growth
24 Is this statement true or false? According to Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs, one must fulfill physiological needs before (s)he can attempt safety needs. True False
25 Cognition Jean Piaget, Noam Chomsky Concerned with how thinking processes, such as intelligence and problem solving, can be used to deal with problems or to develop a healthy personality
26 Biological Biological factors influence our behavior Modern PET, MRI scans Genetic factors influence a wide range of human behaviors
27 Sociocultural Studies the social and cultural influence on behavior Way we think, feel, behave may be linked to culture Also concerned with issue of gender and socioeconomic status
28 Drag your dot to how you are feeling: Keep going, I understand I m a little confused Stop, I need help!
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