Step 3-- Operationally define the variables B. Operational definitions. 3. Evaluating operational definitions-validity

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Step 3-- Operationally define the variables B. Operational definitions. 3. Evaluating operational definitions-validity"

Transcription

1 Step 3-- Operationally define the variables B. Operational definitions 3. Evaluating operational definitions-validity f. Reactivity Measurement changing the variable used to situation, awareness, learning, demand characteristics 4. Evaluating operational definitions-ethics Consequences for participants Step 3-- Operationally define the variables-summary A. Conceptual definitions of variables clear on what the variables are B. Operational definitions of variables 1. How to measure/manipulate the variable 2. Reliability the same, internally consistent meaning 3. Validity Is it what you intend? related to other measures of the same thing related to related things unrelated to different things appropriateness, reactivity minimize harm 4. Evaluating operational definitions-ethics 1

2 I. Case study A. What case studies are in depth information-few subjects B. Reasons for using a case study design 1. Generating hypotheses lots of information-possible relations 2. Rare and unique phenomena rare or variable 3. Intervention effectiveness for individual I. Case study C. Advantages and disadvantages Advantages: Rich information Disadvantages: Generalizing 2

3 A. Self-report measures -- awareness B. Designing a questionnaire 1. Open- or closed-ended questions Open ended questions - free response hard to summarize & compare Closed ended questions - constrain responses easy to score B. Designing a questionnaire 1. Open- or closed-ended questions Likert scale -- rating scale Indicate the extent you show these: 1. feelings of choking 4. unable to relax 2. shaky 5. numbness/tingling 3. feeling hot 6. nervous not at severely, I can all barely stand it 3

4 B. Designing a questionnaire 1. Open- or closed-ended questions Thurston Scale -- Sequence of statements Which of the following reflects your view on government assistance? a. all welfare should be abolished b. welfare recipients should have to work for benefits c. welfare recipients should have to work for benefits, unless they have disabilities or small children d. welfare programs should provide job training & encourage, but not require, work e. all poor people have a right to government assistance B. Designing a questionnaire 2. Decreasing biases interpret one way not leading a. Clear unbiased questions Reverse wording Social desirability b. Response biases 4

5 B. Designing a questionnaire 3. Reliability and validity data Test-retest reliability Internal consistency reliability Relations to measures of related concepts Relations to other measures of the concept & external criteria 4. Instruments with known properties existing measures C. Samples 1. Probability samples Representative sample Simple Random Sample Stratified Random Sample Cluster Sample 5

6 C. Samples 2. Non-probability samples Haphazard/Convenience Samples, Quota Samples possibility of biased sample 3. How much the sample matters Matters a Lot describe the population known influences of culture or group Matters Less relating 2 variables no reason to expect influences of culture or group (basic process) III. Observations-people as measuring instrument A. Naturalistic vs. systematic observations Naturalistic observation - unsystematic Systematic observation - planned test hypotheses 6

7 III. Observations-people as measuring instrument B. Designing observational measures 1. Identify & define behaviors- What behaviors matter? Specific definitions - inter-rater reliability 2. Pick a coding method live or video running record event recording time sampling III. Observations-people as measuring instrument B. Designing observational measures 3. Validity concerns Reactivity Expected relations and independence Previously validated system 4. Reliability Coders training inter-rater reliability before and during 7

8 IV. A Comparison of Observations and Questionnaires Observations Researcher defines Questionnaires Subject interprets Behavior occurs Subject reports occurrence Behavior that is seen Subject aware of behavior Observer bias Response biases Fewer subjects More subjects Based on few instances Based on many instances More detail More generality Descriptive Statistics I. Why statistics are necessary? A. What is a believable difference? Treatment A: 75% improve (9 of 12 subjects) Treatment B: 67% improve (8 of 12 subjects) 8

9 Descriptive Statistics II. Basic statistical concepts A. Types of scales--classes of measures 1. Nominal- names, no order 2. Ordinal- rankings: order, unequal steps (single ratings are ordinal, summed ratings treated as interval) 3. Interval & Ratio-order and equal steps most flexible statistics Descriptive Statistics II. Basic statistical concepts B. Describing data 1. Frequency Distributions a. conventions: vertical - frequency, horizontal - DV b. Shapes Normal Distribution Rectangular Distribution Positive Skew Negative Skew 9

10 Descriptive Statistics II. Basic statistical concepts B. Describing data 2. Central Tendency a. Mode-most frequent score nominal data 5 people with depression 7 people with panic disorder 3 people with ADHD Mode is panic disorder Descriptive Statistics II. Basic statistical concepts B. Describing data 2. Central Tendency ordinal & skewed interval b. Median-half scores above, half below rank order, then find middle 1,2,3,4,4,10 median=3.5 mode=? 2,3,3,5,8,9,12 median=? 2,3,3,5,8,9,100 median=? not influenced by extremes 10

11 Descriptive Statistics II. Basic statistical concepts B. Describing data 2. Central Tendency interval or ratio c. Mean-average Add scores, divide by number of scores sum of the scores X = = number of scores 2,3,3,5,8,9,12 median =5 mean = 42/7 = 6 2,3,3,5,8,9,100 median =5 influenced by extremes mean =130/7 = n X 11

Higher Psychology RESEARCH REVISION

Higher Psychology RESEARCH REVISION Higher Psychology RESEARCH REVISION 1 The biggest change from the old Higher course (up to 2014) is the possibility of an analysis and evaluation question (8-10) marks asking you to comment on aspects

More information

Variable Measurement, Norms & Differences

Variable Measurement, Norms & Differences Variable Measurement, Norms & Differences 1 Expectations Begins with hypothesis (general concept) or question Create specific, testable prediction Prediction can specify relation or group differences Different

More information

Research Methods. Page 1 of 23

Research Methods. Page 1 of 23 Research Methods Page 1 of 23 Research Methods Revision Guide The Various Experimental and Non-Experimental Research Methods 1 2 Experimental Research Methods, including: Laboratory Experiment features,

More information

PTHP 7101 Research 1 Chapter Assignments

PTHP 7101 Research 1 Chapter Assignments PTHP 7101 Research 1 Chapter Assignments INSTRUCTIONS: Go over the questions/pointers pertaining to the chapters and turn in a hard copy of your answers at the beginning of class (on the day that it is

More information

ANSWERS: Research Methods

ANSWERS: Research Methods ANSWERS: Research Methods Advice: Most of these answers will fit in the boxes if writing is small, and students can use continuation sheets wherever necessary. Please note that they are not definitive

More information

CHAPTER 3 DATA ANALYSIS: DESCRIBING DATA

CHAPTER 3 DATA ANALYSIS: DESCRIBING DATA Data Analysis: Describing Data CHAPTER 3 DATA ANALYSIS: DESCRIBING DATA In the analysis process, the researcher tries to evaluate the data collected both from written documents and from other sources such

More information

9 research designs likely for PSYC 2100

9 research designs likely for PSYC 2100 9 research designs likely for PSYC 2100 1) 1 factor, 2 levels, 1 group (one group gets both treatment levels) related samples t-test (compare means of 2 levels only) 2) 1 factor, 2 levels, 2 groups (one

More information

Sociology 201: Social Research Design

Sociology 201: Social Research Design Sociology 201: Social Research Design 14. Mid-term review 1 Key concept is: MEASUREMENT 2 Errors in Inquiry Inaccurate observations Overgeneralization Selective observation Deduced information Illogical

More information

HPS301 Exam Notes- Contents

HPS301 Exam Notes- Contents HPS301 Exam Notes- Contents Week 1 Research Design: What characterises different approaches 1 Experimental Design 1 Key Features 1 Criteria for establishing causality 2 Validity Internal Validity 2 Threats

More information

Empirical Knowledge: based on observations. Answer questions why, whom, how, and when.

Empirical Knowledge: based on observations. Answer questions why, whom, how, and when. INTRO TO RESEARCH METHODS: Empirical Knowledge: based on observations. Answer questions why, whom, how, and when. Experimental research: treatments are given for the purpose of research. Experimental group

More information

Biostatistics. Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Ph.D. Professor Department of Family & Preventive Medicine University of California, San Diego

Biostatistics. Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Ph.D. Professor Department of Family & Preventive Medicine University of California, San Diego Biostatistics Donna Kritz-Silverstein, Ph.D. Professor Department of Family & Preventive Medicine University of California, San Diego (858) 534-1818 dsilverstein@ucsd.edu Introduction Overview of statistical

More information

AP Psychology -- Chapter 02 Review Research Methods in Psychology

AP Psychology -- Chapter 02 Review Research Methods in Psychology AP Psychology -- Chapter 02 Review Research Methods in Psychology 1. In the opening vignette, to what was Alicia's condition linked? The death of her parents and only brother 2. What did Pennebaker s study

More information

Psychology 205, Revelle, Fall 2014 Research Methods in Psychology Mid-Term. Name:

Psychology 205, Revelle, Fall 2014 Research Methods in Psychology Mid-Term. Name: Name: 1. (2 points) What is the primary advantage of using the median instead of the mean as a measure of central tendency? It is less affected by outliers. 2. (2 points) Why is counterbalancing important

More information

Clever Hans the horse could do simple math and spell out the answers to simple questions. He wasn t always correct, but he was most of the time.

Clever Hans the horse could do simple math and spell out the answers to simple questions. He wasn t always correct, but he was most of the time. Clever Hans the horse could do simple math and spell out the answers to simple questions. He wasn t always correct, but he was most of the time. While a team of scientists, veterinarians, zoologists and

More information

Measures. David Black, Ph.D. Pediatric and Developmental. Introduction to the Principles and Practice of Clinical Research

Measures. David Black, Ph.D. Pediatric and Developmental. Introduction to the Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Introduction to the Principles and Practice of Clinical Research Measures David Black, Ph.D. Pediatric and Developmental Neuroscience, NIMH With thanks to Audrey Thurm Daniel Pine With thanks to Audrey

More information

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions Readings: OpenStax Textbook - Chapters 1 5 (online) Appendix D & E (online) Plous - Chapters 1, 5, 6, 13 (online) Introductory comments Describe how familiarity with statistical methods can - be associated

More information

AP Psych - Stat 1 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

AP Psych - Stat 1 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. AP Psych - Stat 1 Name Period Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In a set of incomes in which most people are in the $15,000

More information

What are Indexes and Scales

What are Indexes and Scales ISSUES Exam results are on the web No student handbook, will have discussion questions soon Next exam will be easier but want everyone to study hard Biggest problem was question on Research Design Next

More information

AP Psych - Stat 2 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

AP Psych - Stat 2 Name Period Date. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. AP Psych - Stat 2 Name Period Date MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) In a set of incomes in which most people are in the $15,000

More information

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 4 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Online readings: Plous - Chapters 1, 5, 6, 13

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 4 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Online readings: Plous - Chapters 1, 5, 6, 13 Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 4 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Online readings: Plous - Chapters 1, 5, 6, 13 Introductory comments Describe how familiarity with statistical methods

More information

The degree to which a measure is free from error. (See page 65) Accuracy

The degree to which a measure is free from error. (See page 65) Accuracy Accuracy The degree to which a measure is free from error. (See page 65) Case studies A descriptive research method that involves the intensive examination of unusual people or organizations. (See page

More information

DATA is derived either through. Self-Report Observation Measurement

DATA is derived either through. Self-Report Observation Measurement Data Management DATA is derived either through Self-Report Observation Measurement QUESTION ANSWER DATA DATA may be from Structured or Unstructured questions? Quantitative or Qualitative? Numerical or

More information

Lecture 4: Research Approaches

Lecture 4: Research Approaches Lecture 4: Research Approaches Lecture Objectives Theories in research Research design approaches ú Experimental vs. non-experimental ú Cross-sectional and longitudinal ú Descriptive approaches How to

More information

Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches Workshop. Comm 151i San Jose State U Dr. T.M. Coopman Okay for non-commercial use with attribution

Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches Workshop. Comm 151i San Jose State U Dr. T.M. Coopman Okay for non-commercial use with attribution Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches Workshop Comm 151i San Jose State U Dr. T.M. Coopman Okay for non-commercial use with attribution This Workshop This is a research skill workshop. This workshop

More information

AS Psychology Curriculum Plan & Scheme of work

AS Psychology Curriculum Plan & Scheme of work AS Psychology Curriculum Plan & Scheme of work 2015-16 Week Content Further detail and reference to specification H/w. Reading & Notes, Resources, Extension activities Hodder textbook pages 1-12 Hodder

More information

ISC- GRADE XI HUMANITIES ( ) PSYCHOLOGY. Chapter 2- Methods of Psychology

ISC- GRADE XI HUMANITIES ( ) PSYCHOLOGY. Chapter 2- Methods of Psychology ISC- GRADE XI HUMANITIES (2018-19) PSYCHOLOGY Chapter 2- Methods of Psychology OUTLINE OF THE CHAPTER (i) Scientific Methods in Psychology -observation, case study, surveys, psychological tests, experimentation

More information

THE RESEARCH ENTERPRISE IN PSYCHOLOGY

THE RESEARCH ENTERPRISE IN PSYCHOLOGY THE RESEARCH ENTERPRISE IN PSYCHOLOGY Chapter 2 Mr. Reinhard Winston Churchill High School Adapted from: Psychology: Themes and Variations by Wayne Weiten, 9 th edition Looking for laws Psychologists share

More information

Standard Scores. Richard S. Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCC

Standard Scores. Richard S. Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCC Standard Scores Richard S. Balkin, Ph.D., LPC-S, NCC 1 Normal Distributions While Best and Kahn (2003) indicated that the normal curve does not actually exist, measures of populations tend to demonstrate

More information

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY-NET/JRF EXAMINATION DECEMBER 2013 prepared by Lakshmanan.MP, Asst Professor, Govt College Chittur

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY-NET/JRF EXAMINATION DECEMBER 2013 prepared by Lakshmanan.MP, Asst Professor, Govt College Chittur RESEARCH METHODOLOGY-NET/JRF EXAMINATION DECEMBER 2013 prepared by Lakshmanan.MP, Asst Professor, Govt College Chittur For answer key mail request to mpl77lic@gmail.com 1 The research process is best described

More information

SECTION A. You are advised to spend at least 5 minutes reading the information provided.

SECTION A. You are advised to spend at least 5 minutes reading the information provided. 2 SECTION A Question 1 A correlation was carried out to see if there is a relationship between psychological distress and incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD). Using systematic sampling 100 government

More information

Theory. = an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events.

Theory. = an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events. Definition Slides Hindsight Bias = the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it. Also known as the I knew it all along phenomenon. Critical Thinking = thinking that

More information

Still important ideas

Still important ideas Readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 11 + 13 & Appendix D & E (online) Plous - Chapters 2, 3, and 4 Chapter 2: Cognitive Dissonance, Chapter 3: Memory and Hindsight Bias, Chapter 4: Context Dependence Still

More information

CHAPTER 2. MEASURING AND DESCRIBING VARIABLES

CHAPTER 2. MEASURING AND DESCRIBING VARIABLES 4 Chapter 2 CHAPTER 2. MEASURING AND DESCRIBING VARIABLES 1. A. Age: name/interval; military dictatorship: value/nominal; strongly oppose: value/ ordinal; election year: name/interval; 62 percent: value/interval;

More information

PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity

PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity PLS 506 Mark T. Imperial, Ph.D. Lecture Notes: Reliability & Validity Measurement & Variables - Initial step is to conceptualize and clarify the concepts embedded in a hypothesis or research question with

More information

Distributions and Samples. Clicker Question. Review

Distributions and Samples. Clicker Question. Review Distributions and Samples Clicker Question The major difference between an observational study and an experiment is that A. An experiment manipulates features of the situation B. An experiment does not

More information

Measurement. Different terminology. Marketing managers work with abstractions. Different terminology. Different terminology.

Measurement. Different terminology. Marketing managers work with abstractions. Different terminology. Different terminology. Different terminology Managerial view Marketing managers work with abstractions Concepts A generalized idea about a class of objects, attributes, occurrences or processes Propositions A set of concepts

More information

SOME NOTES ON STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION

SOME NOTES ON STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION 1 SOME NOTES ON STATISTICAL INTERPRETATION Below I provide some basic notes on statistical interpretation. These are intended to serve as a resource for the Soci 380 data analysis. The information provided

More information

MBA 605 Business Analytics Don Conant, PhD. GETTING TO THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

MBA 605 Business Analytics Don Conant, PhD. GETTING TO THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION MBA 605 Business Analytics Don Conant, PhD. GETTING TO THE STANDARD NORMAL DISTRIBUTION Variables In the social sciences data are the observed and/or measured characteristics of individuals and groups

More information

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions

Statistics is the science of collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing, and interpreting data to assist in making effective decisions Readings: OpenStax Textbook - Chapters 1 5 (online) Appendix D & E (online) Plous - Chapters 1, 5, 6, 13 (online) Introductory comments Describe how familiarity with statistical methods can - be associated

More information

Chapter 7: Descriptive Statistics

Chapter 7: Descriptive Statistics Chapter Overview Chapter 7 provides an introduction to basic strategies for describing groups statistically. Statistical concepts around normal distributions are discussed. The statistical procedures of

More information

Question: What steps do scientists follow in conducting scientific research?

Question: What steps do scientists follow in conducting scientific research? Section 1: Conducting Research Question: What steps do scientists follow in conducting scientific research? In psychology, assumptions must be supported by evidence. STEPS IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH 1. Form

More information

Still important ideas

Still important ideas Readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 13 & Appendix D & E (online) Plous Chapters 17 & 18 - Chapter 17: Social Influences - Chapter 18: Group Judgments and Decisions Still important ideas Contrast the measurement

More information

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo Please note the page numbers listed for the Lind book may vary by a page or two depending on which version of the textbook you have. Readings: Lind 1 11 (with emphasis on chapters 10, 11) Please note chapter

More information

Quantitative Methods in Computing Education Research (A brief overview tips and techniques)

Quantitative Methods in Computing Education Research (A brief overview tips and techniques) Quantitative Methods in Computing Education Research (A brief overview tips and techniques) Dr Judy Sheard Senior Lecturer Co-Director, Computing Education Research Group Monash University judy.sheard@monash.edu

More information

2 Clear and detailed definition given. 1 Basic definition. 0 No relevant definition.

2 Clear and detailed definition given. 1 Basic definition. 0 No relevant definition. (b) (i) Define what is meant by the term validity. [] The findings are accurate and the effects are caused by the IV. The study is measuring what it intends to measure. True to life (ecological validity).

More information

Measurement and Descriptive Statistics. Katie Rommel-Esham Education 604

Measurement and Descriptive Statistics. Katie Rommel-Esham Education 604 Measurement and Descriptive Statistics Katie Rommel-Esham Education 604 Frequency Distributions Frequency table # grad courses taken f 3 or fewer 5 4-6 3 7-9 2 10 or more 4 Pictorial Representations Frequency

More information

Review and Wrap-up! ESP 178 Applied Research Methods Calvin Thigpen 3/14/17 Adapted from presentation by Prof. Susan Handy

Review and Wrap-up! ESP 178 Applied Research Methods Calvin Thigpen 3/14/17 Adapted from presentation by Prof. Susan Handy Review and Wrap-up! ESP 178 Applied Research Methods Calvin Thigpen 3/14/17 Adapted from presentation by Prof. Susan Handy Final Proposals Read instructions carefully! Check Canvas for our comments on

More information

Chapter 1: Explaining Behavior

Chapter 1: Explaining Behavior Chapter 1: Explaining Behavior GOAL OF SCIENCE is to generate explanations for various puzzling natural phenomenon. - Generate general laws of behavior (psychology) RESEARCH: principle method for acquiring

More information

Student name: SOCI 420 Advanced Methods of Social Research Fall 2017

Student name: SOCI 420 Advanced Methods of Social Research Fall 2017 SOCI 420 Advanced Methods of Social Research Fall 2017 EXAM 1 RUBRIC Instructor: Ernesto F. L. Amaral, Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology Date: October 12, 2017 (Thursday) Section 904: 2:20 3:35pm

More information

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo Business Statistics The following was provided by Dr. Suzanne Delaney, and is a comprehensive review of Business Statistics. The workshop instructor will provide relevant examples during the Skills Assessment

More information

Conducting Research. Research Methods Chapter 1. Descriptive Research Methods. Conducting Research. Case Study

Conducting Research. Research Methods Chapter 1. Descriptive Research Methods. Conducting Research. Case Study Research Methods Chapter 1 Conducting Research Goals of Psychology Describe Explain Predict Control Pitfalls of intuition and common sense explanations: Hindsight bias, overconfidence Remember psychology

More information

Experimental Psychology

Experimental Psychology Title Experimental Psychology Type Individual Document Map Authors Aristea Theodoropoulos, Patricia Sikorski Subject Social Studies Course None Selected Grade(s) 11, 12 Location Roxbury High School Curriculum

More information

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo

Describe what is meant by a placebo Contrast the double-blind procedure with the single-blind procedure Review the structure for organizing a memo Please note the page numbers listed for the Lind book may vary by a page or two depending on which version of the textbook you have. Readings: Lind 1 11 (with emphasis on chapters 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10 & 11)

More information

Collecting & Making Sense of

Collecting & Making Sense of Collecting & Making Sense of Quantitative Data Deborah Eldredge, PhD, RN Director, Quality, Research & Magnet Recognition i Oregon Health & Science University Margo A. Halm, RN, PhD, ACNS-BC, FAHA Director,

More information

Sample Exam Questions Psychology 3201 Exam 1

Sample Exam Questions Psychology 3201 Exam 1 Scientific Method Scientific Researcher Scientific Practitioner Authority External Explanations (Metaphysical Systems) Unreliable Senses Determinism Lawfulness Discoverability Empiricism Control Objectivity

More information

Chapter 2 Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing MULTIPLE CHOICE

Chapter 2 Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing MULTIPLE CHOICE Chapter 2 Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. When you assert that it is improbable that the mean intelligence test score of a particular group is 100, you are using. a. descriptive

More information

HARRISON ASSESSMENTS DEBRIEF GUIDE 1. OVERVIEW OF HARRISON ASSESSMENT

HARRISON ASSESSMENTS DEBRIEF GUIDE 1. OVERVIEW OF HARRISON ASSESSMENT HARRISON ASSESSMENTS HARRISON ASSESSMENTS DEBRIEF GUIDE 1. OVERVIEW OF HARRISON ASSESSMENT Have you put aside an hour and do you have a hard copy of your report? Get a quick take on their initial reactions

More information

Statistical analysis DIANA SAPLACAN 2017 * SLIDES ADAPTED BASED ON LECTURE NOTES BY ALMA LEORA CULEN

Statistical analysis DIANA SAPLACAN 2017 * SLIDES ADAPTED BASED ON LECTURE NOTES BY ALMA LEORA CULEN Statistical analysis DIANA SAPLACAN 2017 * SLIDES ADAPTED BASED ON LECTURE NOTES BY ALMA LEORA CULEN Vs. 2 Background 3 There are different types of research methods to study behaviour: Descriptive: observations,

More information

STATISTICS AND RESEARCH DESIGN

STATISTICS AND RESEARCH DESIGN Statistics 1 STATISTICS AND RESEARCH DESIGN These are subjects that are frequently confused. Both subjects often evoke student anxiety and avoidance. To further complicate matters, both areas appear have

More information

Reliability and Validity checks S-005

Reliability and Validity checks S-005 Reliability and Validity checks S-005 Checking on reliability of the data we collect Compare over time (test-retest) Item analysis Internal consistency Inter-rater agreement Compare over time Test-Retest

More information

Research Methods in Human Computer Interaction by J. Lazar, J.H. Feng and H. Hochheiser (2010)

Research Methods in Human Computer Interaction by J. Lazar, J.H. Feng and H. Hochheiser (2010) Research Methods in Human Computer Interaction by J. Lazar, J.H. Feng and H. Hochheiser (2010) Example test questions PLUS ANSWERS Module Intelligent Interaction Design, 2016-2017 Below are example questions

More information

Fall 2013 Psych 250 Lecture 4 Ch. 4. Data and the Nature of Measurement

Fall 2013 Psych 250 Lecture 4 Ch. 4. Data and the Nature of Measurement Fall 2013 Psych 250 Lecture 4 Ch. 4 Data and the Nature of Measurement whatever level of constraint Data Data = Numbers Numbers can be informative.or not Data & Measurement Data = Numbers Data = plural

More information

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 13 (emphasis on Chapter 12) Online readings: Appendix D, E & F

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 13 (emphasis on Chapter 12) Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 13 (emphasis on Chapter 12) Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Plous Chapters 17 & 18 Chapter 17: Social Influences Chapter 18: Group Judgments and Decisions

More information

Selecting Research Participants. Conducting Experiments, Survey Construction and Data Collection. Practical Considerations of Research

Selecting Research Participants. Conducting Experiments, Survey Construction and Data Collection. Practical Considerations of Research Conducting Experiments, Survey Construction and Data Collection RCS 6740 6/28/04 Practical Considerations of Research This lecture will focus on some of the practical aspects of conducting research studies

More information

BIOSTATISTICS. Dr. Hamza Aduraidi

BIOSTATISTICS. Dr. Hamza Aduraidi BIOSTATISTICS Dr. Hamza Aduraidi Unit One INTRODUCTION Biostatistics It can be defined as the application of the mathematical tools used in statistics to the fields of biological sciences and medicine.

More information

First Hourly Quiz. SW 430: Research Methods in Social Work I

First Hourly Quiz. SW 430: Research Methods in Social Work I SW 430 1 st Hourly Quiz - 1 of 11 SW 430: Research Methods in Social Work I First Hourly Quiz Name: 1.23. When we use the Method of Science, we hold a belief because a. evidence from a systematic observation

More information

Directions and Sample Questions for First Exam

Directions and Sample Questions for First Exam Phil 12 Winter 2019 I. Logic and the Basics of Scientific Reasoning Directions and Sample Questions for First Exam A. Basic concepts: Select the best answer to the following multiple-choice questions about

More information

11-3. Learning Objectives

11-3. Learning Objectives 11-1 Measurement Learning Objectives 11-3 Understand... The distinction between measuring objects, properties, and indicants of properties. The similarities and differences between the four scale types

More information

Do not write your name on this examination all 40 best

Do not write your name on this examination all 40 best Student #: Do not write your name on this examination Research in Psychology I; Final Exam Fall 200 Instructor: Jeff Aspelmeier NOTE: THIS EXAMINATION MAY NOT BE RETAINED BY STUDENTS This exam is worth

More information

Survey research (Lecture 1) Summary & Conclusion. Lecture 10 Survey Research & Design in Psychology James Neill, 2015 Creative Commons Attribution 4.

Survey research (Lecture 1) Summary & Conclusion. Lecture 10 Survey Research & Design in Psychology James Neill, 2015 Creative Commons Attribution 4. Summary & Conclusion Lecture 10 Survey Research & Design in Psychology James Neill, 2015 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Overview 1. Survey research 2. Survey design 3. Descriptives & graphing 4. Correlation

More information

Survey research (Lecture 1)

Survey research (Lecture 1) Summary & Conclusion Lecture 10 Survey Research & Design in Psychology James Neill, 2015 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Overview 1. Survey research 2. Survey design 3. Descriptives & graphing 4. Correlation

More information

Chapter 20: Test Administration and Interpretation

Chapter 20: Test Administration and Interpretation Chapter 20: Test Administration and Interpretation Thought Questions Why should a needs analysis consider both the individual and the demands of the sport? Should test scores be shared with a team, or

More information

Measures of Dispersion. Range. Variance. Standard deviation. Measures of Relationship. Range. Variance. Standard deviation.

Measures of Dispersion. Range. Variance. Standard deviation. Measures of Relationship. Range. Variance. Standard deviation. Measures of Dispersion Range Variance Standard deviation Range The numerical difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution It describes the overall spread between the highest and lowest

More information

Empirical Correlates of the Spiritual Well-Being and Spiritual Maturity Scales

Empirical Correlates of the Spiritual Well-Being and Spiritual Maturity Scales Digital Commons @ George Fox University Faculty Publications - Graduate School of Clinical Psychology Graduate School of Clinical Psychology 1-1-1984 Empirical Correlates of the Spiritual Well-Being and

More information

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which

More information

Critical Appraisal Series

Critical Appraisal Series Definition for therapeutic study Terms Definitions Study design section Observational descriptive studies Observational analytical studies Experimental studies Pragmatic trial Cluster trial Researcher

More information

25. Two-way ANOVA. 25. Two-way ANOVA 371

25. Two-way ANOVA. 25. Two-way ANOVA 371 25. Two-way ANOVA The Analysis of Variance seeks to identify sources of variability in data with when the data is partitioned into differentiated groups. In the prior section, we considered two sources

More information

AP STATISTICS 2014 SCORING GUIDELINES

AP STATISTICS 2014 SCORING GUIDELINES 2014 SCORING GUIDELINES Question 4 Intent of Question The primary goals of this question were to assess a student s ability to (1) describe why the median might be preferred to the mean in a particular

More information

Designing Surveys and Survey Implementation

Designing Surveys and Survey Implementation Designing Surveys and Survey Implementation Loyola Brown Bag Series on Research and Assessment Terra Schehr Director of Institutional Research November 2006 Agenda What is a Survey Writing Good Questions

More information

Conducting Survey Research. John C. Ricketts

Conducting Survey Research. John C. Ricketts + Conducting Survey Research John C. Ricketts + What is survey research? + Question When is survey research the best method available? A. when collecting original data B. when describing a population too

More information

Bijay Lal Pradhan, M Sc Statistics, FDPM (IIMA) 2

Bijay Lal Pradhan, M Sc Statistics, FDPM (IIMA) 2 Bijay Lal Pradhan Measurement and Scaling 1) Definition of measurement and scale 2) Type of Physical scale i. Nominal Scale iii. Interval scale ii. Ordinal Scale iv. Ratio Scale 3) Need of scaling 4) Criteria

More information

Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication. For each concept, ask and answer the questions before your literature search.

Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication. For each concept, ask and answer the questions before your literature search. Group Assignment #1: Concept Explication 1. Preliminary identification of the concept. Identify and name each concept your group is interested in examining. Questions to asked and answered: Is each concept

More information

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 11 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Plous Chapters 10, 11, 12 and 14

Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 11 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Plous Chapters 10, 11, 12 and 14 Readings: Textbook readings: OpenStax - Chapters 1 11 Online readings: Appendix D, E & F Plous Chapters 10, 11, 12 and 14 Still important ideas Contrast the measurement of observable actions (and/or characteristics)

More information

Constructing a Bivariate Table:

Constructing a Bivariate Table: Introduction Bivariate Analysis: A statistical method designed to detect and describe the relationship between two nominal or ordinal variables (typically independent and dependent variables). Cross-Tabulation:

More information

Results & Statistics: Description and Correlation. I. Scales of Measurement A Review

Results & Statistics: Description and Correlation. I. Scales of Measurement A Review Results & Statistics: Description and Correlation The description and presentation of results involves a number of topics. These include scales of measurement, descriptive statistics used to summarize

More information

Chapter 2--Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing

Chapter 2--Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing Chapter 2--Norms and Basic Statistics for Testing Student: 1. Statistical procedures that summarize and describe a series of observations are called A. inferential statistics. B. descriptive statistics.

More information

Methodological skills

Methodological skills Methodological skills rma linguistics, week 3 Tamás Biró ACLC University of Amsterdam t.s.biro@uva.nl Tamás Biró, UvA 1 Topics today Parameter of the population. Statistic of the sample. Re: descriptive

More information

CHAPTER 4 THE QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN /SOLUTION DESIGN. This chapter contains explanations that become a basic knowledge to create a good

CHAPTER 4 THE QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN /SOLUTION DESIGN. This chapter contains explanations that become a basic knowledge to create a good CHAPTER 4 THE QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN /SOLUTION DESIGN This chapter contains explanations that become a basic knowledge to create a good questionnaire which is able to meet its objective. Just like the thesis

More information

2.75: 84% 2.5: 80% 2.25: 78% 2: 74% 1.75: 70% 1.5: 66% 1.25: 64% 1.0: 60% 0.5: 50% 0.25: 25% 0: 0%

2.75: 84% 2.5: 80% 2.25: 78% 2: 74% 1.75: 70% 1.5: 66% 1.25: 64% 1.0: 60% 0.5: 50% 0.25: 25% 0: 0% Capstone Test (will consist of FOUR quizzes and the FINAL test grade will be an average of the four quizzes). Capstone #1: Review of Chapters 1-3 Capstone #2: Review of Chapter 4 Capstone #3: Review of

More information

The Beauty and Necessity of Good Research Design

The Beauty and Necessity of Good Research Design Name: 1 Shaw - PSYC& 100 The Beauty and Necessity of Good Research Design 1 The authors say, Research design matters. Why do we need research designs? What do they accomplish for us? Use the case of prefrontal

More information

VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT

VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT ARTHUR SYC 204 (EXERIMENTAL SYCHOLOGY) 16A LECTURE NOTES [01/29/16] VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT AGE 1 Topic #3 VARIABLES AND MEASUREMENT VARIABLES Some definitions of variables include the following: 1.

More information

Measurement is the process of observing and recording the observations. Two important issues:

Measurement is the process of observing and recording the observations. Two important issues: Farzad Eskandanian Measurement is the process of observing and recording the observations. Two important issues: 1. Understanding the fundamental ideas: Levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval

More information

I. Methods of Sociology Because sociology is a science as well as being a theoretical discipline, it is important to know the ways in which

I. Methods of Sociology Because sociology is a science as well as being a theoretical discipline, it is important to know the ways in which I. Methods of Sociology Because sociology is a science as well as being a theoretical discipline, it is important to know the ways in which sociologists study society scientifically when they do research

More information

Psychological Research

Psychological Research Introduction Psychologists do more than just wonder about human behavior: they conduct research to understand exactly why people think, feel, and behave the way they do. Like other scientists, psychologists

More information

Measuring the User Experience

Measuring the User Experience Measuring the User Experience Collecting, Analyzing, and Presenting Usability Metrics Chapter 2 Background Tom Tullis and Bill Albert Morgan Kaufmann, 2008 ISBN 978-0123735584 Introduction Purpose Provide

More information

investigate. educate. inform.

investigate. educate. inform. investigate. educate. inform. Research Design What drives your research design? The battle between Qualitative and Quantitative is over Think before you leap What SHOULD drive your research design. Advanced

More information

Homework #2 is due next Friday at 5pm.

Homework #2 is due next Friday at 5pm. Homework #2 is due next Friday at 5pm. Political Science 15 Lecture 7: Measurement (Part 2) Topics in Measurement Unit of analysis Operational definitions Accuracy (validity and reliability) Precision

More information

Chapter 1 Thinking Critically with Psychological Science

Chapter 1 Thinking Critically with Psychological Science Myers PSYCHOLOGY (7th Ed) Chapter 1 Thinking Critically with James A. McCubbin, PhD Clemson University Worth Publishers The Need for Psychologists, like all scientists, use the scientific method to construct

More information

Communication Research Practice Questions

Communication Research Practice Questions Communication Research Practice Questions For each of the following questions, select the best answer from the given alternative choices. Additional instructions are given as necessary. Read each question

More information