A Comparative Study of Psychological Well-Being among the Working Men in Surat Industrial Area

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1 The International Journal of Indian Psychology ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) Volume 4, Issue 3, No. 103,DIP: / April - June, 2017 Original Research Paper A Comparative Study of Psychological Well-Being among the Dr. Mukesh B. Bhatt 1 * ABSTRACT The present Study in of psychological well-being of Open and SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. The total sample consisted of 120 Open and 120 SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. The sample was selected from randomly. psychological well-being by Bholge and Prakash (1995) were used for data collection. the collected data were analyzed by F- test statistical technique at 0.01 level of significance and factorial design was used. Keywords: Psychological Well-Being, Working Men, Surat, Industrial Area Well-being is a dynamic concept that includes subjective, social, and psychological dimensions as well as health-related behaviors. The Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being is a theoretically grounded instrument that specifically focuses on measuring multiple facets of psychological well-being. These facets include the following: self-acceptance the establishment of quality ties to other a sense of autonomy in thought and action the ability to manage complex environments to suit personal needs and values the pursuit of meaningful goals and a sense of purpose in life continued growth and development as a person This straightforward inventory is easy to access and administer. Well-being is a multifaceted concept. It is often thought of as one of the hallmarks of the liberal arts experience, resulting from educational encounters that both guide students in the search for meaning and direction in life and help them realize their true potential. The Ryff is a straightforward and relatively short survey that assesses the psychological component of well-being. This review discusses the administration and cost of the Ryff; the theoretical background, development, and psychometric properties of the instrument; and possible uses of this instrument in higher education assessment settings. 1 Assistant Professor, V. C. T. MahilaArs & com. College, Bharuch, India *Responding Author Received: March 2, 2017; Revision Received: May 18, 2017; Accepted: June 5, Bhatt M; licensee IJIP. This is an Open Access Research distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any Medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

2 Definitions: Wellbeing: living and faring well, flourishing, bound up with ideas about what constitutes human happiness and the sort of life it is good to lead (Oxford Companion to Philosophy) VARIABLES OF THE STUDY 1. DEPENDENT VARIABLES :-Psychological Well-Being 2. INDEPENDENT VARIABLES :- Category, Age, Type Of Salary A B Independent Variables Dependent Variables A. Type of Category B. Type Of Age C. Type of Salary Psychological Well-Being A1 : open category A2 : SC/ST/Baxi category B1 : Age between 35 to 45 years, B2 : Age between 46 to 55 years, B3 : Above 56 years C1 : Rs.5000 to C2 : Above Rs. 10,000 Aims Of The Study 1. To study the psychological well-being among the open category and SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. 2. To study the psychological well-being among the Age between 35 to 45 years, Age between 46 to 55 years and Above 56 years working men in Surat industrial area. 3. To study the psychological well-being among the Rs.5000 to and Above Rs. 10,000 working men in Surat industrial area. Hypothesis 1. There is no difference between the Psychological well-being of the open category and SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. 2. There is no difference between the Psychological well-being of the Age between 35 to 45 years,age between 46 to 55 years, and Above 56 years working men in Surat industrial area. 3. There is no difference between the Psychological well-being of the Rs.5000 to and Above Rs. 10,000 working men in Surat industrial area. 4. There is no interaction effect on the psychological well-being of Type of Categoryand Type Of Age of working men in Surat industrial area. 5. There is no interaction effect on the psychological well-being of Type Of Age and Type of Salary of the working men in Surat industrial area. 6. There is no interaction effect on the psychological well-being of Type of Salary and Type of Category of the working men in Surat industrial area. 7. There is no interaction effect on the psychological well-being of Typey of Category, Type Of Age and Type of Salary of the working men in Surat industrial area. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) 81

3 RESEARCH DESIGN factorial research design is for used the research. open category SC/ST/Baxi category Age Age Age Age Variable between between Above between between Above Total 35 to to years 35 to to years years years years years Rs.5000 to Above Rs ,000 Total METHOD Sample: Sample in this study consisted of 240 subjects having 120 Open category and 120 SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. These working men in Surat industrial area in the sample were selected from various open and SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. Both Age between 35 to 45 years 80, Age between 46 to 55 years - 80 and Above 56 years - 80 working men consisted each having Rs.5000 to students and Above Rs. 10,000 working men. Tools Used The following tools were used in the present study: 1. PERSONAL DATA SHEET: A personal data sheet developed by the investigator was used to collect information about Typey of Category (Open category and SC/ST/Baxi category), Type Of Age (Age between 35 to 45 years, Age between 46 to 55 years and Above 56 years) and Type of Salary (Rs.5000 to and Above Rs. 10,000). 2. PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING SCALE: Psychological well-being Questionnaire by Bhogle and Prakash (1995), was used to measure Psychological well-being. The questionnaire contains 28 items with true and false response alternative. It covers 13 dimensions of psychological well-being. The maximum possible score is twenty eight and minimum is zero. High score indicates high level of psychological well-being. The test retest reliability coefficient is 0.72 and internal consistency coefficient is The author has reported satisfactory validity of the questionnaire. Statistical Analysis The data were analyzed as follows; The mean with graphical representation for Types of Category (Open category and SC/ST/Baxi category), Type Of Age (Age between 35 to 45 years, The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) 82

4 Age between 46 to 55 years and Above 56 years) and Type of Salary (Rs.5000 to and Above Rs. 10,000) on working men Psychological well-being was analyzed. A 2x3x2 factorial design was subjected to adequate of statistical analysis viz. Technique of Analysis of variance (ANOVA) in order to examine the roll of main variables and to study their main as well as interaction effects subsequently on working means Psychological well-being. RESULT The aim of the present study was to investigate Types of Category, Type of Age and Type of Salary variable on Psychological well-being. Table 1. ANOVA for Psychological well-being in context of Types of Category, Type Of Age and Type of Salary variable : SOURCE of SUM OF MEAN SUM LEVEL OF DF F variance SQUARE OF SQUARE SIG. Main effects SSA Sig SSB N.S SSC Sig Interaction effects SSAXB Sig SSBXC N.S SSCXA Sig SSAXBXC N.S SSW SST Significance Level N.S = Not Significant N ( Df1) ( Df2) DISCUSSION The result of ANOVA on Psychological well-being Score Table is consulted and it is found that the F ratio for Types of Category is Which is significant at 0.01 level. That means Open student significantly differ on Psychological well-being as compare to SC/ST/Baxi category working men in Surat industrial area. The F ratio for Type Of Age is which is not significant. The F ratio for Type of Salary is Which is significant at 0.01 level. That means Rs.5000 to significantly differ on Psychological well-being as compare to Above Rs. 10,000 working men in Surat industrial area. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) 83

5 The F ratio for Types of Category and Type Of Age is Which is significant at 0.01 level. That means Type of Faculty and Type Of Age working men significantly interact each other on Psychological well-being score. The F ratio for Type Of Age and Type of Salary is Which is not significant. That means Type of standard and Type of Salary working men significantly do not interact each other on Psychological well-being score. The F ratio for Type of Salary and Type of Category is Which is significant at 0.01 level. That means Type of sex and Type of Category working men significantly interact each other on Psychological well-being score. The F ratio for Types of Category, Type Of Age and Type of Salary is Which is not significant. That means Type of Category, Type of Age and Type of Salary working men significantly do not interact each other on Psychological well-being score. Acknowledgments The author appreciates all those who participated in the study and helped to facilitate the research process. Conflict of Interests The author declared no conflict of interests. REFERENCES Bhogle, S. and Jay Prakash, I., (1995), Development of the psychological well-being questionnaire, Journal of Personality and Clinical studies,vol.11 (1&2), PP.5-9. Dhillon, P.K., and Jasra, A. (1992). Personality, anxiety and self-concept: A study across age variation and social class. In P.K. Dhillon (Eds.) Psychological aspects of aging in India (PP ). New Delhi: Concept Publishing. Mathur, D., and Sen, A. (1989). Depression in elderly and some of its psychological concomitants: A study of efficacy of the age-care centre. Indian Journal of Community Guidance Service, Vol.16, PP Patel, K.S. (2008). A study of psychological well being and Death anxiety among Institutionalized non institutionalized aged, Unpublished M.Phil.Thesis, Sardar Patel University, VallabhVidhyanagar. Singh, J.G., Singh, S., and Dawara, V.(1983). Adjustment problem of old people. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychology, Vol.10 (1), PP Suvera, P.S.,(2001). Religious behavior, death anxiety and psychological well-being: A comparative study of institutionalized and non-institutionalized aged, Unpublished M.Phil. Thesis, Saurashtra University, Rajkot. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) 84

6 Venkoba Rao., A. (1989). Psychiatry of old age in India, Ahmedabad/Bombay: Torrent Laboratories / Sun Pharmaceuticals. Warr, P.B. (1978). A study of psychological well-being. British Journal of Psychology, Vol.69, PP.111 How to cite this article: Bhatt M (2017), A Comparative Study of Psychological Well-Being among the, International Journal of Indian Psychology, Vol. 4 (3), DIP: / The International Journal of Indian Psychology, ISSN (e) ISSN: (p) 85