Psychology 101 Exam 1 Fall 2000 Name

Transcription

1 Psychology 101 Exam 1 Fall 2000 Name 1. Psychology is defined as: a. the scientific investigation of thought processes b. the understanding of abnormal behavior c. the scientific study of behavior and the mind d. the study of mental illness and inner feelings 2. Harry works in a clinic where he often helps couples work through adjustment problems. Harry would most likely be classified as: a. an applied psychologist b. a clinical psychologist c. a research psychologist d. a psychiatrist 3. A psychologist who extends the principles of psychology to practical, everyday problems in the real world would be: a. a clinical psychologist b. a research psychologist c. a psychiatrist d. an applied psychologist 4. A psychologist works for a large company helping to improve employee morale. This person would most likely be classified as: a. a clinical psychologist b. an industrial / organizational psychologist c. a research psychologist d. a psychiatrist 5. Signet Air recently hired a psychologist to help redesign the cockpit of a new aircraft. Their goal is to reduce pilot error when reading the instrument panel. The psychologist the company hired is most likely: a. a human factors psychologist b. a social psychologist c. a developmental psychologist d. an industrial/organizational psychologist 6. Martin is a psychologist who is currently conducting experiments in an attempt to understand how brain biochemistry influences behavior. Martin most likely is: a. a clinical psychologist b. an applied psychologist c. a psychiatrist d. a research psychologist 7. Anne is a psychologist who is currently collecting data in an attempt to understand how groups of people influence and relate to each other. Anne most likely is: a. a clinical psychologist b. a social psychologist c. a counseling psychologist d. a psychiatrist 8. Larry is a graduate student whose major area of interest is cognitive psychology. You should expect that Larry is most interested in: a. understanding mental processes such as memory and learning

2 b. the ways physical or genetic factors influence behavior c. drugs d. how people relate to each other and influence each other 9. The mental health professional who is most likely to prescribe drugs as part of a treatment program for his or her patients is: a. a school psychologist b. a psychiatrist c. a behavioral psychologist d. a cognitive psychologist 10. of the following, the main difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist is: a. the types of psychological problems they deal with b. the ages of the patients that they treat c. psychologists only have masters degrees d. psychiatrists can give drugs while most psychologists cannot 11. According to lecture, the roots of psychology lie in the disciplines of: a. mathematics and philosophy b. philosophy, physics, and physiology c. biology and physics d. anthropology and sociology 12. Nativism is the view that: a. day-to-day experiences determine what one knows. b. certain kinds of knowledge and ideas are innate c. psychology should be the study of immediate conscious experience d. the mind arises entirely from the physical properties of the brain 13. Which of the following individuals would be considered a Natavist? a. Galen b. Aristotle c. Simonedes d. Plato 14. The goal of Structuralism is to: a. understand the purpose of immediate conscious experience b. understand the elementary elements of consciousness c. discover how environmental changes can cause changes in behavior d. understand how memories and mental process produce problem behavior 15. The individual linked with structuralism was: a. William James b. Wilhelm Wundt c. John Watson d. Sigmund Freud 16. A young man is sitting in a lab giving a detailed account of his subjective experiences concerning the taste of lemonade to discover the basic units of the mind. This is a characteristic of which school? a. behaviorism b. functionalism c. psychoanalysis d. structuralism 17. The individual most clearly linked with functionalism is:

3 a. Wilhelm Wundt b. John Watson c. William James d. Sigmund Freud 18. "Yes, there are four basic tastes, but I am interested in how this has helped us adapt and survive." The type of psychologist who is most likely to make this type of statement would be: a. a structuralist b. a psychoanalyst c. a behaviorist d. a functionalist 19. The person who advocated that psychology should focus on the study of observable behavior was: a. William James b. John Dewey c. John Watson d. Edward Titchener 20. Ruth believes that individuals learn to be aggressive as a result of the experiences they have. Ruth's view is most consistent with the: a. structuralist approach to psychology b. nativist view of psychology c. behavioral approach to psychology d. psychoanalytic view of psychology 21. Gerard believes that individuals act aggressively because of unconscious motives and conflicts. Gerard's view is most consistent with the: a. psychoanalytic view of psychology b. structuralist approach to psychology c. nativist view of psychology d. behavioral approach to psychology 22. Wilma can type very quickly, but when her boss watches her, she types much slower. Wilma's change in typing speed illustrates the concept of: a. experimental control b. negative correlation c. reactivity d. systematic observation 23. A researcher stands on a street corner recording the sex of car drivers and if they stop at a stop sign. This is an example of: a. psychological testing b. naturalistic observation c. experimentation d. survey method 24. Dr. Helmsey investigated the memory changes of an individual who was abducted by a UFO. This individual was tested extensively and questioned in detail about their experience. Dr. Helmsey's is using a a. correlational design b. case study design c. survey design d. experimental design

4 25. The research method where a representative sample of individuals is asked for their opinions is: a. case study research b. correlational research c. a survey d. naturalistic observation 26. When everyone in the target population has an equal likelihood of being selected to take part in a survey, the researcher has selected a: a. biased sample b. a random population c. non-representative sample d. random sample 27. The mode for a data set is: a. the arithmetic average of the set of scores b. the middle point in the set of scores c. the most frequently occurring score d. the difference between the largest and smallest scores 28. The median for a data set is: a. the arithmetic average of the set of scores b. the middle point in the set of scores c. the most frequently occurring score d. the difference between the largest and smallest scores 29. The standard deviation for a data set: a. is the arithmetic average of the set of scores b. is the middle point in the set of scores c. is the difference between the largest and smallest scores d. indicates how much the individual scores vary from the mean 30. Dr. Phillips predicts that if the temperature of a room is increased, then individuals are more likely to act aggressively. This suggests that Dr. Phillips believes room temperature and aggression are: a. negatively correlated b. uncorrelated c. positively correlated d. both dependent variables 31. Of the following, the correlation coefficient that indicates the weakest relationship between the two variables is: a b c d A group of researchers wanted to determine whether people would eat more food in a cool room than in a hot room. Half the participants ate in a warm room (75(F) and half the participants ate in a cool room (65(F). The researchers then measured how much food was consumed in each of the two rooms. In this study, the independent variable is: a. the temperature of the room (75(F or 65(F) b. the type of food the researcher selects for the study c. the amount of food that is consumed d. how hungry the participants are at the start of the study

5 33. The behavior that is observed or measured during an experiment is: a. the dependent variable b. the independent variable c. a confounding variable d. a placebo 34. When Ralph touched a hot candle flame with his finger, the message was carried from his hand to his spinal cord along: a. afferent neurons b. efferent neurons c. affective neurons d. glial cells 35. Efferent neurons: a. carry information inward toward the spinal cord and brain b. convey information from one internal processing site to another c. produce hyperpolarization in glial cells d. carry messages and commands out from the brain and spinal cord 36. The cells in the nervous system that remove waste and help neurons communicate more efficiently are: a. interneurons b. neurotransmitters c. ion pumps d. glial cells 37. The path that information follows in a simple reflex pathway is: a. motor neuron, interneuron, sensory neuron b. sensory neuron, brain, motor neuron c. motor neuron, brain, sensory neuron d. sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron 38. Shyanne was walking along a dark street when he noticed someone following him. His heart rate started to increase and he found himself perspiring. These physical reactions were triggered by Shyanne's: a. somatic nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. cerebellum 39. Lori thought she heard a gunshot while she was out walking, but discovered it was only a car down the street backfiring. As she continued on her walk, her heart stopped racing and her blood pressure returned to normal. Lori's blood pressure and heart rate returned to normal levels due to activity in her: a. somatic nervous system b. parasympathetic nervous system c. sympathetic nervous system d. cerebellum 40. A neurologist believes that Derik may have epilepsy. To confirm this diagnosis, the neurologist needs to examine the activity in Derik's brain. The best way to obtain this information would be to use: a. an electroencephalogram (EEG) b. a computerized tomography scan (CT scan) c. positron emission tomography (PET) d. brain lesioning

6 41. One technique that provides pictures of brain structures is: a. an electroencephalogram (EEG) b. computerized tomography scans (CT scans) c. positron emission tomography (PET) d. brain lesioning 42. The imaging technique used to examine brain functioning is: a. an electroencephalogram (EEG) b. computerized tomography scans (CT scans) c. positron emission tomography (PET) d. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 43. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): a. monitors the overall electrical activity within the brain b. produces extremely detailed, three-dimensional images of the brain c. provides actual pictures of the brain's anatomical structures d. uses radioactive chemicals to produce a pictorial blueprint of brain activity 44. Basic life support functions such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure are associated with: a. the cerebellum b. the medulla c. the reticular formation d. the hippocampus 45. Which midbrain structure is linked to the control of general arousal? a. the amygdala b. the cerebellum c. Wernicke's area d. the reticular formation 46. Larry was recently knocked unconscious when he struck his head on the ice during a figure skating routine. He used to be a world class figure skater, but now he is having difficulty coordinating the motor skills involved in various jumps and spirals. It is likely that when he fell on the ice, Larry sustained damage to his: a. reticular formation b. amygdala c. cerebellum d. temporal lobe 47. The structure that plays an important role in the regulation of eating, drinking, body temperature, and sexual behavior is the: a. thalamus b. medulla c. tectum d. hypothalamus 48. The structure that is basically a relay center in the brain is the: a. the hypothalamus b. the limbic system c. the cerebellum d. the thalamus 49. Which structure is not part of the brain stem

7 a. Thalamus b. Pons c. Reticular Formation d. All of these are part of the brain stem 50. Which structure is involved with hearing a. Inferior colliculus b. Superior colliculus c. Pons d. None of these

8 Answer Key Psychology 101 Exam 1 Fall 2000 Name 1. > c Defining Psychology TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #1 (MC #1) REF: p > b Clinical Psychologist TYPE: Applied Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #10 (MC #10) REF: p > d Applied Psychologist TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #13 (MC #13) REF: p > b Applied Psychologist TYPE: Applied Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #17 (MC #17) REF: p > a Applied Psychologist TYPE: New Application Nair2e01 Ch 1 #19 (MC #19) REF: p > d Research Psychologist TYPE: Applied Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #25 (MC #25) REF: p > b Research Psychologist TYPE: Applied Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #26 (MC #26) REF: p > a Research Psychologist TYPE: WWW Nair2e01 Ch 1 #29 (MC #29) REF: p > b Psychiatrist TYPE: WWW Nair2e01 Ch 1 #35 (MC #35) REF: p > d Psychiatrist TYPE: Conceptual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #40 (MC #40) REF: p > b Mind-Body Problem TYPE: Factual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #42 (MC #42) REF: p > b Nativism TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e01 Ch 1 #52 (MC #52) REF: p > d Natural Selection TYPE: Study Guide Nair2e01 Ch 1 #58 (MC #58) REF: p > b

9 Structuralism TYPE: Factual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #61 (MC #61) REF: p > b Structuralism TYPE: WWW Nair2e01 Ch 1 #63 (MC #63) REF: p > d Introspection TYPE: Study Guide Nair2e01 Ch 1 #73 (MC #73) REF: p > c Functionalism TYPE: Factual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #76 (MC #76) REF: p > d Functionalism TYPE: Study Guide Nair2e01 Ch 1 #82 (MC #82) REF: p > c Behaviorism TYPE: Factual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #87 (MC #87) REF: p > c Behaviorism TYPE: Conceptual Nair2e01 Ch 1 #90 (MC #90) REF: p > a Psychoanalysis TYPE: New Application Nair2e01 Ch 1 #94 (MC #94) REF: p > c Reactivity TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #22 (MC #22) REF: p > b Naturalistic Observation TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #31 (MC #31) REF: p > b Case Study Method TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #48 (MC #48) REF: p > c Survey Method TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e02 Ch 2 #51 (MC #51) REF: p > d Sampling TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e02 Ch 2 #59 (MC #59) REF: p > c Central Tendency TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e02 Ch 2 #68 (MC #68) REF: p > b Central Tendency TYPE: Text Definition

10 Nair2e02 Ch 2 #72 (MC #72) REF: p > d Variability TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e02 Ch 2 #80 (MC #80) REF: p > c Positive Correlation TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #96 (MC #96) REF: p > a Strength of a Correlation TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #108 (MC #108) REF: p > a Independent Variable TYPE: New Application Nair2e02 Ch 2 #130 (MC #130) REF: p > a Dependent Variable TYPE: Text Definition Nair2e02 Ch 2 #138 (MC #138) REF: p > a Sensory Neurons TYPE: Text Application Nair2e03 Ch 3 #6 (MC #6) REF: p > d Motor Neurons TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #17 (MC #17) REF: p > d Glial Cells TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #24 (MC #24) REF: p > d Reflexes TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #29 (MC #29) REF: p > c Sympathetic Nervous System TYPE: New Application Nair2e03 Ch 3 #125 (MC #125) REF: p > b Parasympathetic Nervous System TYPE: New Application Nair2e03 Ch 3 #128 (MC #128) REF: p > a Studying Brain Function TYPE: Conceptual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #139 (MC #139) REF: p > b Studying Brain Function TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #141 (MC #141) REF: p > c Studying Brain Function TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #144 (MC #144) REF: p. 90

11 43. > b Studying Brain Function TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #146 (MC #146) REF: p > b Medulla and Pons TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #149 (MC #149) REF: p > d Reticular Formation TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #154 (MC #154) REF: p > c Cerebellum TYPE: New Application Nair2e03 Ch 3 #162 (MC #162) REF: p > d Hypothalamus TYPE: WWW Nair2e03 Ch 3 #171 (MC #171) REF: p > d Thalamus TYPE: Factual Nair2e03 Ch 3 #169 (MC #169) REF: p > a 50. > a

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