The Basic Senses and What They Detect. Energy senses Vision (electromagnetic energy light waves)

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "The Basic Senses and What They Detect. Energy senses Vision (electromagnetic energy light waves)"

Transcription

1 The Basic Senses and What They Detect Energy senses Vision (electromagnetic energy light waves) LP 4B Color Perception 1 Hearing (sound waves)

2 LP 4B Color Perception 2 Chemical senses Smell (airborne chemical molecules) Taste (dissolvable chemical molecules) The skin and body senses pressure/touch temperature pain Position (kinesthetic) Balance (vestibular)

3 LP 4B Color Perception 3 Sensory Processes There are some basic concepts that psychologists use when talking about the sensitivity of the senses (pages ). Sensory adaptation: The decline in sensitivity to a constant stimulus. Therefore, a stronger stimulus is required to activate the sensors. Why is understanding sensory adaptation important (in what cases would sensory adaptation be bad )?

4 How do we see? LP 4B Color Perception 4

5 LP 4B Color Perception 5 Organizing information. You should read the section on rods and cones and organize the information in two columns. Rods shape Approximate number dark adaptation Specialized function Location/distribution Cones shape Approximate number dark adaptation Specialized function Location/distribution In addition to this, you should see how this information interrelates with material in the pictures/diagrams and experience (such as the one on page 95).

6 LP 4B Color Perception 6 The Trichromatic Theory of Color Perception Cones are responsible for color perception. According to the theory, there are three types of cones in the fovea that are very sensitive to certain wavelengths of light and not very sensitive to the other wavelengths of light. Blue light (short wavelength) Green light (medium wavelength) Red light (long wavelength) The perception of other colors (such as yellllow) is the stimulation of a combination of cones (green and red).

7 LP 4B Color Perception 7 The Trichromatic Theory of Color Perception What does the trichromatic theory of color perception explain? People with red/green color blindness cannot distinguish between the two colors because their red and green cones are sensitive to the same color. Technically, this should be called color deficiency, but is commonly called being color blind (about 8% for men, and ½% for women). True color blind people see the world in shades of gray, and are rare (about 1 million people).

8 The Opponent Process Theory LP 4B Color Perception 8 The trichromatic theory of color perception cannot explain an afterimage such as seeing a faint red, white and blue flag after staring at a yellow/green flag. According to the opponent process theory, there are three types of color sensitive neurons that are sensitive to a certain pair of colors: 1. red / green red / grreen red / grreen red / grreen 2. blue / yellllow blue / yellllow blue / yellllow blue / yellllow 3. black / white black / white black / white black / white One single receptor can only be activated to a single color, while the other color is inhibited (blue can be activated, while the yellow is inhibited). With multiple receptors, some receptors can be sensitive to blue, while others can be sensitive to yellow. All color perceptions are a combination of these receptors. For example, Orange = red/green + blue/yellllow Purple = red/green + blue/yellow

9 LP 4B Color Perception 9 How does the opponent process theory explain an afterimage? Afterimages are explained when it is combined with the general principle of sensory adaptation the weakening of the sensitivity of your senses when they become adapted to a stimulus. When you look at a white piece of paper, it reflects all wavelengths of light. When looking at a yellow/green flag, your receptors are in the following state (I am going to exaggerate) Not very sensitive Sensitive Yeel llow / blue Grreeeen / red Black / white Since the red and blue receptors are sensitive, they will activate and accentuate those colors when you look at a white background, producing a weak afterimage of a red, white and blue flag. Which theory of color perception explains how we perceive color?

10 LP 4B Color Perception 10 Which theory of color vision is right, they both can t be right? This is the wrong question to ask about color perception. Both theories explain color perception, but at a different level of color perception. The trichromatic theory primarily explains perception within the structure of the eye (the cones and retina) before being transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve. The opponent process theory explains perception within the ganglion cells, thalamus and visual cortex.

11 LP 4B Color Perception 11 Why is understanding the process of color perception important for understanding psychology, science, and perhaps life in general. No one theory explains complex behavior it involves multiple processes. Sometimes asking the wrong/right question is important for understanding the world around you. The question that is given to you, may be the wrong question. Even though they appear to be inconsistent, the two theories are consistent. Science needs to be internally consistent Where will you see this again? Motivation and Emotion Personality

12 Theories of Sound Perception How do we perceive low frequency sounds mid-frequency sounds high frequency sounds What are examples of low frequency sounds? What are examples of high frequency sounds? LP 4B Color Perception 12 Perception of low frequency sounds (below 500 hertz): The basilar membrane vibrates at the same frequency as the sound wave Therefore, if the sound wave vibrates 300 times per second (or 300 hertz), the membrane vibrates at 300 times per second. Perception of high frequency sounds: Different frequencies cause larger vibrations at different locations along the basilar membrane. High frequency sounds cause maximum vibrations near the stirrup end of the basilar membrane. Lower frequency sounds cause maximum vibrations at the other end.

13 LP 4B Color Perception 13 Conduction deafness: the bones in the middle ear become brittle and have a difficult time amplifying the sound. Hearing aids can help with conduction deafness. Nerve deafness: damage to hair cells in the cochlea. Hearing aids cannot help with nerve deafness.

Sensitive are the Senses? The absolute threshold is the [average] smallest possible strength that can be detected half the time.

Sensitive are the Senses? The absolute threshold is the [average] smallest possible strength that can be detected half the time. LP 4B color perception and TD/BU processing 1 Sensitive are the Senses? The absolute threshold is the [average] smallest possible strength that can be detected half the time. Image source: Psychology (2011),

More information

Consciousness and Blindsight

Consciousness and Blindsight Consciousness and Blindsight Blindsight: The ability to respond appropriately to visual inputs while lacking the feeling of having seen them These patients are unable to see, but are able to reach for

More information

Sensing and Perceiving Our World

Sensing and Perceiving Our World PSYCHOLOGY: Perspectives & Connections 2 nd Edition GREGORY J. FEIST ERIKA L. ROSENBERG Sensing and Perceiving Our World Chapter Four Chapter Preview The Long Strange Trip From Sensation to Perception

More information

SENSES: VISION. Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014

SENSES: VISION. Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014 SENSES: VISION Chapter 5: Sensation AP Psychology Fall 2014 Sensation versus Perception Top-Down Processing (Perception) Cerebral cortex/ Association Areas Expectations Experiences Memories Schemas Anticipation

More information

Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception Sensation The process by which our sense organs receive information from the environment Perception The sorting out, interpretation, analysis,

More information

Ganglion Cells Blind Spot Cornea Pupil Visual Area of the Bipolar Cells Thalamus Rods and Cones Lens Visual cortex of the occipital lobe

Ganglion Cells Blind Spot Cornea Pupil Visual Area of the Bipolar Cells Thalamus Rods and Cones Lens Visual cortex of the occipital lobe How We See How We See Cornea Ganglion Cells whose axons form the optic nerve Blind Spot the exit point at the back of the retina Pupil which is controlled by the iris Bipolar Cells Visual Area of the Thalamus

More information

Senses are transducers. Change one form of energy into another Light, sound, pressure, etc. into What?

Senses are transducers. Change one form of energy into another Light, sound, pressure, etc. into What? 1 Vision 2 TRANSDUCTION Senses are transducers Change one form of energy into another Light, sound, pressure, etc. into What? Action potentials! Sensory codes Frequency code encodes information about intensity

More information

Chapter 5 Test Review. Try the practice questions in the Study Guide and on line

Chapter 5 Test Review. Try the practice questions in the Study Guide and on line Chapter 5 Test Review Try the practice questions in the Study Guide and on line Printing game plan Put six slides on a page Select pure black and white as the printing option Okay, now wade into the answers>>>>

More information

Practice Test Questions

Practice Test Questions Practice Test Questions Multiple Choice 1. Which term is most descriptive of the process of sensation? a. transportation c. selection b. interpretation d. transduction 2. Which terms are most descriptive

More information

7. Sharp perception or vision 8. The process of transferring genetic material from one cell to another by a plasmid or bacteriophage

7. Sharp perception or vision 8. The process of transferring genetic material from one cell to another by a plasmid or bacteriophage 1. A particular shade of a given color 2. How many wave peaks pass a certain point per given time 3. Process in which the sense organs' receptor cells are stimulated and relay initial information to higher

More information

The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect. absolute threshold. Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information.

The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect. absolute threshold. Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information. absolute threshold The lowest level of stimulation that a person can detect accommodation Adapting one's current understandings to incorporate new information. acuity Sharp perception or vision audition

More information

Psychology Chapter 4. Sensation and Perception. Most amazing introduction ever!! Turn to page 77 and prepare to be amazed!

Psychology Chapter 4. Sensation and Perception. Most amazing introduction ever!! Turn to page 77 and prepare to be amazed! Psychology Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception Most amazing introduction ever!! Turn to page 77 and prepare to be amazed! Chapter 4 Section 1 EQ: Distinguish between sensation and perception, and explain

More information

Definition Slides. Sensation. Perception. Bottom-up processing. Selective attention. Top-down processing 11/3/2013

Definition Slides. Sensation. Perception. Bottom-up processing. Selective attention. Top-down processing 11/3/2013 Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception = the process of organizing and interpreting

More information

= add definition here. Definition Slide

= add definition here. Definition Slide = add definition here Definition Slide Definition Slides Sensation = the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment. Perception

More information

Dikran J. Martin. Psychology 110. Name: Date: Making Contact with the World around Us. Principal Features

Dikran J. Martin. Psychology 110. Name: Date: Making Contact with the World around Us. Principal Features Dikran J. Martin Psychology 110 Name: Date: Lecture Series: Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception: Pages: 31 Making Contact with the World around Us TEXT: Baron, Robert A. (2001). Psychology (Fifth Edition).

More information

First Exam. Sensation and Perception. Process of Forming Sensations. Sensation and Perception. The Eye. Our perceptual experience. Mean = 57.

First Exam. Sensation and Perception. Process of Forming Sensations. Sensation and Perception. The Eye. Our perceptual experience. Mean = 57. First Exam Sensation and Perception Mean = 57.5 SD = 11 Source of human knowledge Could we know anything without our senses? Empiricists - John Locke (1632-1704), all knowledge comes from sensory experience

More information

Vision. The Eye External View. The Eye in Cross-Section

Vision. The Eye External View. The Eye in Cross-Section Vision The Eye External View cornea pupil iris The Eye in Cross-Section Light enters via cornea, Is focused by cornea and lens, Forming image on retina, Which contains photoreceptors. 1 The Retina Photoreceptors

More information

Sensation and Perception. 8.2 The Senses

Sensation and Perception. 8.2 The Senses Sensation and Perception 8.2 The Senses I. Introduction A. You probably think that you have just five senses: vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. In addition, people have two more internal senses:

More information

Sensation and Perception. Chapter 6

Sensation and Perception. Chapter 6 Sensation and Perception Chapter 6 1 Sensation & Perception How do we construct our representations of the external world? Text To represent the world, we must detect physical energy (a stimulus) from

More information

Sensory Systems Vision, Audition, Somatosensation, Gustation, & Olfaction

Sensory Systems Vision, Audition, Somatosensation, Gustation, & Olfaction Sensory Systems Vision, Audition, Somatosensation, Gustation, & Olfaction Sarah L. Chollar University of California, Riverside sarah.chollar@gmail.com Sensory Systems How the brain allows us to see, hear,

More information

Presentation On SENSATION. Prof- Mrs.Kuldeep Kaur

Presentation On SENSATION. Prof- Mrs.Kuldeep Kaur Presentation On SENSATION Prof- Mrs.Kuldeep Kaur INTRODUCTION:- Sensation is a specialty area within Psychology that works at understanding how are senses work and how we perceive stimuli in the environment.

More information

The Perceptual Experience

The Perceptual Experience Dikran J. Martin Introduction to Psychology Name: Date: Lecture Series: Chapter 5 Sensation and Perception Pages: 35 TEXT: Lefton, Lester A. and Brannon, Linda (2003). PSYCHOLOGY. (Eighth Edition.) Needham

More information

Vision Seeing is in the mind

Vision Seeing is in the mind 1 Vision Seeing is in the mind Stimulus: Light 2 Light Characteristics 1. Wavelength (hue) 2. Intensity (brightness) 3. Saturation (purity) 3 4 Hue (color): dimension of color determined by wavelength

More information

Unit 4 REVIEW. Name: Date:

Unit 4 REVIEW. Name: Date: Name: Date: 1. Kinesthesis refers to the A) process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. B) diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus. C) quivering eye movements that enable the retina

More information

Sensation and Perception. A. Sensation: awareness of simple characteristics B. Perception: making complex interpretations

Sensation and Perception. A. Sensation: awareness of simple characteristics B. Perception: making complex interpretations I. Overview Sensation and Perception A. Sensation: awareness of simple characteristics B. Perception: making complex interpretations C. Top-Down vs Bottom-up Processing D. Psychophysics -- thresholds 1.

More information

l3;~~?~~~,'0~'~~t~t:~:~~~~~~~~~~!,1

l3;~~?~~~,'0~'~~t~t:~:~~~~~~~~~~!,1 112 Sensation and Perception Line A should look longer, even though both lines are actually the same length. People who come from noncarpentered cultures that do not use right angles and corners often

More information

Answer: B difficulty: 2 conceptual Goal 3: Critical Thinking Skills in Psychology

Answer: B difficulty: 2 conceptual Goal 3: Critical Thinking Skills in Psychology Chapter Test 1. The concepts of sensation and perception are different because a. perception is something that happens to your sense organs and neurons; sensation is something that happens to you b. sensation

More information

Unit 4: Sensation and Perception

Unit 4: Sensation and Perception Unit 4: Sensation and Perception Sensation a process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus (or physical) energy and encode it as neural signals. Perception a

More information

Myers Psychology for AP*

Myers Psychology for AP* Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which

More information

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010

Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 Myers Psychology for AP* David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2010 *AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which

More information

Outline 2/19/2013. Please see me after class: Sarah Pagliero Ryan Paul Demetrius Prowell-Reed Ashley Rehm Giovanni Reynel Patricia Rochin

Outline 2/19/2013. Please see me after class: Sarah Pagliero Ryan Paul Demetrius Prowell-Reed Ashley Rehm Giovanni Reynel Patricia Rochin Outline 2/19/2013 PSYC 120 General Psychology Spring 2013 Lecture 8: Sensation and Perception 1 Dr. Bart Moore bamoore@napavalley.edu Office hours Tuesdays 11:00-1:00 How we sense and perceive the world

More information

Mr. Silimperi Council Rock High School South Chapter 5 Sensation Sensation II

Mr. Silimperi Council Rock High School South Chapter 5 Sensation Sensation II Mr. Silimperi Council Rock High School South AP Psychology Name: Date: Chapter 5 Sensation Sensation II Psychophysics study of the relationship between physical characteristics of stimuli and our psychological

More information

Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Outline Nervous System Sensory Systems I. II. III. IV. V. VI. Biol 105 Lecture 11 Chapter 9 Senses Sensory receptors Touch Vision Hearing and balance Smell Senses Sensory receptor cells Sensory receptors

More information

Hearing. istockphoto/thinkstock

Hearing. istockphoto/thinkstock Hearing istockphoto/thinkstock Audition The sense or act of hearing The Stimulus Input: Sound Waves Sound waves are composed of changes in air pressure unfolding over time. Acoustical transduction: Conversion

More information

Carlson (7e) PowerPoint Lecture Outline Chapter 6: Vision

Carlson (7e) PowerPoint Lecture Outline Chapter 6: Vision Carlson (7e) PowerPoint Lecture Outline Chapter 6: Vision This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display,

More information

Study Guide Chapter 5

Study Guide Chapter 5 Name: Date: 1. Superman's eyes used, while his brain used. A) perception; sensation B) top-down processing; bottom-up processing C) bottom-up processing; top-down processing D) sensory adaptation; subliminal

More information

Sensation Outline Chapter 5, Psychology, David G Meyers, 7 th Edition

Sensation Outline Chapter 5, Psychology, David G Meyers, 7 th Edition Sensation Outline Chapter 5, Psychology, David G Meyers, 7 th Edition Sensation the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment

More information

Senses and Sense Organs

Senses and Sense Organs Senses and Sense Organs SENSORY SYSTEMS Human experience is effected by both internal and external stimuli. Humans are able to distinguish among many different types of stimuli by means of a highly developed

More information

Biological Bases of Behavior. 6: Vision

Biological Bases of Behavior. 6: Vision Biological Bases of Behavior 6: Vision Sensory Systems The brain detects events in the external environment and directs the contractions of the muscles Afferent neurons carry sensory messages to brain

More information

Opponent theory PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 18. Trichromatic theory

Opponent theory PSY 310 Greg Francis. Lecture 18. Trichromatic theory PSY 310 Greg Francis Lecture 18 Reach that last 1%. Trichromatic theory Different colors are represented as a pattern across the three basic colors Nicely predicted the existence of the three cone types

More information

Sensation and Perception Chapter 6

Sensation and Perception Chapter 6 Sensation and Perception Chapter 6 Basic Principles Basic Principles Sensation- how sensory receptors and your nervous system receive stimuli I hear, I see Perception- the process of organizing and interpreting

More information

Vision and Audition. This section concerns the anatomy of two important sensory systems, the visual and the auditory systems.

Vision and Audition. This section concerns the anatomy of two important sensory systems, the visual and the auditory systems. Vision and Audition Vision and Audition This section concerns the anatomy of two important sensory systems, the visual and the auditory systems. The description of the organization of each begins with

More information

Biology. Slide 1 of 49. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Biology. Slide 1 of 49. End Show. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Biology 1 of 49 2 of 49 Sensory Receptors Neurons that react directly to stimuli from the environment are called sensory receptors. Sensory receptors react to stimuli by sending impulses to other neurons

More information

Myers Psychology for AP, 2e David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2014

Myers Psychology for AP, 2e David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2014 Myers Psychology for AP, 2e David G. Myers PowerPoint Presentation Slides by Kent Korek Germantown High School Worth Publishers, 2014 AP is a trademark registered and/or owned by the College Board, which

More information

Chapter 18. The Senses SENSORY RECEPTION. Introduction: Superhuman Senses. Introduction: Superhuman Senses

Chapter 18. The Senses SENSORY RECEPTION. Introduction: Superhuman Senses. Introduction: Superhuman Senses Introduction: Superhuman Senses Chapter 18 The Senses! Three senses found in some animals but not humans Echolocation locating objects by detecting echoes of emitted sound waves Electroreception ability

More information

PROGRESS TEST 1. Multiple-Choice Questions. a. wavelength; loudness b. amplitude; loudness c. wavelength; intensity d. amplitude; intensity

PROGRESS TEST 1. Multiple-Choice Questions. a. wavelength; loudness b. amplitude; loudness c. wavelength; intensity d. amplitude; intensity 136 Chapter 5 Sensation The receptors for this sense are located in the and --------------~ --------------~ of the inner ear. PROGRESS TEST 1 Multiple-Choice Questions Circle your answers to the following

More information

Multimedia Systems 2011/2012

Multimedia Systems 2011/2012 Multimedia Systems 2011/2012 Perception Prof. Dr. Paul Müller University of Kaiserslautern Department of Computer Science Integrated Communication Systems ICSY http://www.icsy.de Outline Multimedia and

More information

Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception

Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception Chapter 4 Sensation and Perception Sensation is the conversion of energy from the environment into a pattern of response by the nervous system. Perception is the interpretation of that information. Sensing

More information

NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSES TEACHER COPY

NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSES TEACHER COPY NERVOUS SYSTEM & SENSES TEACHER COPY FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM What are the three functions of the Nervous System? 1. Receives information about what is happening inside and outside of your body

More information

Review Sheet: Sensation and Perception (6-8%) Sensation. Date Period. 1) sensation. 2) perception. 3) bottom-up processing. 4) top-down processing

Review Sheet: Sensation and Perception (6-8%) Sensation. Date Period. 1) sensation. 2) perception. 3) bottom-up processing. 4) top-down processing Name Ms. Gabriel/Mr. McManus Date Period AP Psychology Review Sheet: Sensation and Perception (6-8%) Sensation 1) sensation 2) perception 3) bottom-up processing 4) top-down processing Thresholds 5) psychophysics

More information

4. Which letter in figure 9.1 points to the fovea centralis? Ans: b

4. Which letter in figure 9.1 points to the fovea centralis? Ans: b Chapter 9: The Sensory System 1. Proprioceptors are involved in the sense of A) pain. B) temperature. C) pressure. D) movement of limbs. 2. Which are chemoreceptors? A) taste B) olfactory C) proprioceptors

More information

Organs of the Nervous System: brain, spinal cord, and nerves

Organs of the Nervous System: brain, spinal cord, and nerves Nervous System The Nervous System functions as a control center and coordinates all actions and reactions, sending immediate and specific information as electrical impulses. Organs of the Nervous System:

More information

Sensory Physiology. Sensory Range Varies. Introduction to the Special Senses. How do we sense the world around us?

Sensory Physiology. Sensory Range Varies. Introduction to the Special Senses. How do we sense the world around us? Sensory Physiology How do we sense the world around us? We do not see things as they are; we see things as we are. --Anais Nin Anais Nin, French author 1903-1977 Sensory Range Varies Introduction to the

More information

Lighta part of the spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy. (the part that s visible to us!)

Lighta part of the spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy. (the part that s visible to us!) Introduction to Physiological Psychology Vision ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ /~ksweeney/psy260.html Lighta part of the spectrum of Electromagnetic Energy (the part that s visible to us!)

More information

Sensation and Perception. Created by David Silverman

Sensation and Perception. Created by David Silverman Sensation and Perception Created by David Silverman Sensation and Perception Sensation- How our sensory receptors and nervous system receive information (stimulus) from the environment Perception- The

More information

Chapter 18 Senses SENSORY RECEPTION 10/21/2011. Sensory Receptors and Sensations. Sensory Receptors and Sensations. Sensory Receptors and Sensations

Chapter 18 Senses SENSORY RECEPTION 10/21/2011. Sensory Receptors and Sensations. Sensory Receptors and Sensations. Sensory Receptors and Sensations SENSORY RECEPTION Chapter 18 Senses s convert stimulus energy to action potentials s 1. Are specialized cells, or 2. Specialized endings that detect stimuli All stimuli are forms of energy s in eyes detect

More information

Our Senses & the World CHAPTER 4. Sensations & Senses. Characteristics (continued) Characteristics (continued) Characteristics of All Senses

Our Senses & the World CHAPTER 4. Sensations & Senses. Characteristics (continued) Characteristics (continued) Characteristics of All Senses CHAPTER 4 Sensations & Senses Our Senses & the World Characteristics of All Senses RECEPTION: Accessory Structures-modify the energy created by something in the person s environment Characteristics TRANSDUCTION:

More information

Guess: Correct or Incorrect. Trial (perform in random order)

Guess: Correct or Incorrect. Trial (perform in random order) AP Biology Senses Lab Names Per. Our senses are constantly bombarded with various stimuli from the environment, which are relayed to the central nervous system where the information is interpreted. In

More information

Chapter 29 The Senses

Chapter 29 The Senses Chapter 29 The Senses PowerPoint Lectures for Biology: Concepts & Connections, Sixth Edition Campbell, Reece, Taylor, Simon, and Dickey Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Lecture by Edward J. Zalisko

More information

The Origins of Knowledge. Introduction 2/2/2009. Chapter 4: Sensation

The Origins of Knowledge. Introduction 2/2/2009. Chapter 4: Sensation Chapter 4: Sensation 1 Introduction To survive we must know the world around us because most objects in the world are charged with meaning. So Where does knowledge come from? The simple answer is through

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Term Explanation Application/Example/Extension Sensation is the process of using senses to detect or sense information from the environment Your eyes detect light waves, your ears detect sound waves, your

More information

The Sense Organs 10/13/2016. The Human Eye. 1. Sclera 2. Choroid 3. Retina. The eye is made up of three layers:

The Sense Organs 10/13/2016. The Human Eye. 1. Sclera 2. Choroid 3. Retina. The eye is made up of three layers: The human body gathers information from the outside world by using the five senses of: The Sense Organs 12.3 Sight Hearing Taste Smell Touch This information is essential in helping the body maintain homeostasis.

More information

Ch. 9 Sensory Systems. Steps of sensation and perception

Ch. 9 Sensory Systems. Steps of sensation and perception Ch. 9 Sensory Systems Sensation = information about environmental conditions (inside or outside of the body) is detected and sent to CNS Vs. perception = consciously aware of sensation (only ~1% of sensations

More information

A. Acuity B. Adaptation C. Awareness D. Reception E. Overload

A. Acuity B. Adaptation C. Awareness D. Reception E. Overload Unit 4 Review #1 The longer an individual is exposed to a strong odor, the less aware of the odor the individual becomes. This phenomenon is known as sensory A. Acuity B. Adaptation C. Awareness D. Reception

More information

Unit 4 Practice. PSYCHOLOGY SECTION I Time-- Minutes Questions, Unit 4 Practice/Quiz

Unit 4 Practice. PSYCHOLOGY SECTION I Time-- Minutes Questions, Unit 4 Practice/Quiz PSYCHOLOGY SECTION I Time-- Minutes Questions, Unit 4 Practice/Quiz Unit 4 Practice Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by five suggested answers or completions.

More information

Sensation Sensation bottom-down processing Perception top-down processing Psychophysics absolute threshold signal detection theory subliminal

Sensation Sensation bottom-down processing Perception top-down processing Psychophysics absolute threshold signal detection theory subliminal 1 Sensation To represent the world in our heads we must detect physical energy from the environment and encode it as neural signals (sensation) and we must select, organize and interpret our sensations

More information

Taste buds Gustatory cells extend taste hairs through a narrow taste pore

Taste buds Gustatory cells extend taste hairs through a narrow taste pore The Special Senses Objectives Describe the sensory organs of smell, and olfaction. Identify the accessory and internal structures of the eye, and explain their function. Explain how light stimulates the

More information

-Detect heat or cold and help maintain body temperature

-Detect heat or cold and help maintain body temperature Sensory Receptors -Transduce stimulus energy and transmit signals to the central nervous system -Reception occurs when a receptor detectd a stimulus -Perception occurs in the brain as this information

More information

SPECIAL SENSES PART I: OLFACTION & GUSTATION

SPECIAL SENSES PART I: OLFACTION & GUSTATION SPECIAL SENSES PART I: OLFACTION & GUSTATION 5 Special Senses Olfaction Gustation Vision Equilibrium Hearing Olfactory Nerves Extend through cribriform plate into nasal cavity on both sides of nasal septum

More information

THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus

THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus Perceived color of light is determined by 3 characteristics (properties of electromagnetic energy): 1. : the spectrum (wavelength) of light (color) 2.

More information

SENSATION & PERCEPTION

SENSATION & PERCEPTION SENSATION & PERCEPTION Sensation and perception result from a symphony of sensory receptors and the neurons those receptors communicate with. The receptors and neurons fire in different combinations and

More information

Converting Sound Waves into Neural Signals, Part 1. What happens to initiate neural signals for sound?

Converting Sound Waves into Neural Signals, Part 1. What happens to initiate neural signals for sound? The Ear Outer Ear: Pinna. Collects sounds. Middle Ear: Chamber between eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea

More information

AP Psychology Review Chapter 04: Sensation and Perception

AP Psychology Review Chapter 04: Sensation and Perception AP Psychology Review Chapter 04: Sensation and Perception 1. What is perception? The process by which the brain organizes and interprets sensation 2. Which senses allow for sensation at a distance? Vision

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Chapter 3 Chapter Overview I. Worksheets II. Introduction III. Sensation III. Perception IV. Pass in your Work Sheets V. Review I. Worksheets: See Handout Packet II. Introduction A. Define sensation B.

More information

THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus

THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus THE VISUAL WORLD! Visual (Electromagnetic) Stimulus Perceived color of light is determined by 3 characteristics (properties of electromagnetic energy): 1. Hue: the spectrum (wavelength) of light (color)

More information

Chapter 38 Active Reading Guide Nervous and Sensory Systems

Chapter 38 Active Reading Guide Nervous and Sensory Systems Name: AP Biology Mr. Croft Chapter 38 Active Reading Guide Nervous and Sensory Systems Section 1 1. This concept begins with a look at the evolution of nervous systems. You will want to study this to tie

More information

c. finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection

c. finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection Sensory and Perception Quiz- Reynolds Fall 2015 1. The inner ear contains receptors for: a. audition and kinesthesis. b. kinesthesis and the vestibular sense. c. audition and the vestibular sense. d. audition,

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception Sensation & Perception The interplay between the external world, physiological systems, and psychological experience How the external world makes impressions on our nervous system

More information

BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE City University of New York Department of Social Sciences

BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE City University of New York Department of Social Sciences BOROUGH OF MANHATTAN COMMUNITY COLLEGE City University of New York Department of Social Sciences General Psychology: PSY100-1405 & 1708 Prof. Charles Alexander Zorn, Adjunct Lecturer-FALL 2017 Quiz 3 mt,

More information

Sense system. Introduction The visual system Hearing. Introduction to sensory mechanisms

Sense system. Introduction The visual system Hearing. Introduction to sensory mechanisms Sense system Introduction The visual system Hearing Introduction to sensory mechanisms Sensory receptors & sense organs Sensory neurons & Receptor cells Adequate stimulus threshold Transduction Receptor

More information

Unit Two: Biopsychology Domain Chapter 3: Senation and Perception. Module 7: Sensation; Module 8: Perception

Unit Two: Biopsychology Domain Chapter 3: Senation and Perception. Module 7: Sensation; Module 8: Perception Unit Two: Biopsychology Domain Chapter 3: Senation and Perception Module 7: Sensation; Module 8: Perception SENSORY PROCESSES: How Do We Perceive The World? ThEcOwgAvecOla..rat eht saw tac eht The quick

More information

Special Senses. Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others

Special Senses. Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others Special Senses Mechanoreception Electroreception Chemoreception Others Recall our receptor types Chemically regulated: Respond to particular chemicals Voltage regulated: respond to changing membrane potential

More information

IV: Visual Organization and Interpretation

IV: Visual Organization and Interpretation Module 19 IV: Visual Organization and Interpretation Describe Gestalt psychologists understanding of perceptual organization, and explain how figure-ground and grouping principles contribute to our perceptions

More information

2 Sensing the Environment

2 Sensing the Environment CHAPTER 17 2 Sensing the Environment SECTION Communication and Control California Science Standards 7.5.a, 7.5.b, 7.5.g, 7.6.b BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer

More information

the human 1 of 3 Lecture 6 chapter 1 Remember to start on your paper prototyping

the human 1 of 3 Lecture 6 chapter 1 Remember to start on your paper prototyping Lecture 6 chapter 1 the human 1 of 3 Remember to start on your paper prototyping Use the Tutorials Bring coloured pencil, felts etc Scissor, cello tape, glue Imagination Lecture 6 the human 1 1 Lecture

More information

Biological Psychology. Unit Two AD Mr. Cline Marshall High School Psychology

Biological Psychology. Unit Two AD Mr. Cline Marshall High School Psychology Biological Psychology Unit Two AD Mr. Cline Marshall High School Psychology Sensory and Perception Though each sense works a little differently to do this, psychologists have developed principles to describe

More information

Sensory Systems. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire

Sensory Systems. BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues. Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire BIOLOGY OF HUMANS Concepts, Applications, and Issues Fifth Edition Judith Goodenough Betty McGuire 9 Sensory Systems Lecture Presentation Anne Gasc Hawaii Pacific University and University of Hawaii Honolulu

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception Sensation & Perception The interplay between the external world, physiological systems, and psychological experience How the external world makes impressions on our nervous system

More information

Unit IV Sensation Perception

Unit IV Sensation Perception Unit IV Sensation Perception Module 16: Basic Principles of Sensation and Perception Module 17: Influences of Perception Module 18: Vision Module 19: Visual Organization and Interpretation Module 20: Hearing

More information

Okami Study Guide: Chapter 5 1

Okami Study Guide: Chapter 5 1 Okami Study Guide: Chapter 5 1 Chapter in Review 1. Sensing is the process by which our sense organs receive raw physical or chemical energy from the natural world; perception occurs when our brains organize

More information

SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Vision

SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Vision DEMIDEC~ AP Psychology Cram Kit I 20 SENSATION AND PERCEPTION Vision Posterior chamber Retina Zonular fibres VISUAL SENSATION LET THE SUNSHINE IN Ins Pupil Lens Cornea Anterior chamber (aqueous humour)

More information

Senses- Ch. 12. Pain receptors- respond to tissue damage in all tissues except in the brain

Senses- Ch. 12. Pain receptors- respond to tissue damage in all tissues except in the brain Senses- Ch. 12 5 general types of sensory neurons or receptors are known. These specialized neurons detect stimuli from the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and skin. The stimuli are changed into electrical signals

More information

TASTE: Taste buds are the sense organs that respond to gustatory stimuli. Chemoreceptors that respond to chemicals broken down from food in the saliva

TASTE: Taste buds are the sense organs that respond to gustatory stimuli. Chemoreceptors that respond to chemicals broken down from food in the saliva UNIT 5: Nervous System- Senses Somatic Senses Somatic senses are associated with receptors in the skin, muscles, joints, and viscera (organs of the body) Include senses of touch, pressure, temperature,

More information

Introduction to Physiological Psychology

Introduction to Physiological Psychology Introduction to Physiological Psychology Vision ksweeney@cogsci.ucsd.edu cogsci.ucsd.edu/~ksweeney/psy260.html This class n Sensation vs. Perception n How light is translated into what we see n Structure

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception I INTRODUCTION A. SENSATION 1. The process by which our sensory receptors respond to light, sound, odor, textures, and taste and transmit that information to the brain. 2. Our

More information

STUDY GUIDE: Sensation and Perception Psychology, Myers, 8 th ed.

STUDY GUIDE: Sensation and Perception Psychology, Myers, 8 th ed. STUDY GUIDE: Sensation and Perception Psychology, Myers, 8 th ed. 1. Frequency is to pitch as is to. A) wavelength; loudness B) amplitude; loudness C) wavelength; intensity D) amplitude; intensity 2. The

More information

Sensation and Perception

Sensation and Perception Sensation and Perception CHAPTER KEY TERMS Transduction Fovea Vestibular sense Sensory adaptation Blind spot Kinesthetic sense Sensory habituation Trichromatic theory Absolute threshold (also called perceptual

More information

6. The term gestalt means A. grouping B. sensation C. perception D. whole Correct Answer:- D.

6. The term gestalt means A. grouping B. sensation C. perception D. whole Correct Answer:- D. 1. Each time you see you car, it projects a different image on the retinas of your eyes, yet you do not perceive it as changing. This is because of B. retinal disparity C. perceptual constancy D. figure-ground

More information

How does the world out there get in? How do we construct our representations of the outside world? SENSATION & PERCEPTION

How does the world out there get in? How do we construct our representations of the outside world? SENSATION & PERCEPTION How does the world out there get in? How do we construct our representations of the outside world? SENSATION & PERCEPTION SENSATION & PERCEPTION SENSATION: The detecting of physical energy from the environment

More information