The VIA Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues

Transcription

1 Glssary (Black f Strength n White Lg) Terms STRENGTH OFF ON SWITCH (Greyscale Lg) The VIA Classificatin f Character Strengths and Virtues Reprinted with permissin frm VIA Institute n Character. Cpyright , VIA Institute n Character. All rights reserved. Virtue f Wisdm and knwledge Cgnitive strengths that entail the acquisitin and use f knwledge: Creativity [riginality, ingenuity]: Thinking f nvel and prductive ways t cnceptualize and d things; includes artistic achievement but is nt limited t it. Curisity [interest, nvelty-seeking, penness t experience]: Taking an interest in nging experience fr its wn sake; finding subjects and tpics fascinating; explring and discvering. Judgment [pen-mindedness; critical thinking]: Thinking things thrugh and examining them frm all sides; nt jumping t cnclusins; being able t change ne s mind in light f evidence; weighing all evidence fairly. Lve f learning: Mastering new skills, tpics, and bdies f knwledge, whether n ne s wn r frmally; related t the strength f curisity but ges beynd it t describe the tendency t add systematically t what ne knws. Perspective [wisdm]: Being able t prvide wise cunsel t thers; having ways f lking at the wrld that make sense t neself/thers. 1

2 Virtue f Curage Emtinal strengths that invlve the exercise f will t accmplish gals in the face f ppsitin, external r internal. Bravery [valr]: Nt shrinking frm threat, challenge, difficulty, r pain; speaking up fr what s right even if there s ppsitin; acting n cnvictins even if unppular; includes physical bravery but is nt limited t it. Perseverance [persistence, industriusness]: Finishing what ne starts; persevering in a curse f actin in spite f bstacles; getting it ut the dr ; taking pleasure in cmpleting tasks. Hnesty [authenticity, integrity]: Speaking the truth but mre bradly presenting neself in a genuine way and acting in a sincere way; being withut pretense; taking respnsibility fr ne s feelings and actins. Zest [vitality, enthusiasm, vigr, energy]: Appraching life with excitement and energy; nt ding things halfway r halfheartedly; living life as an adventure; feeling alive and activated. Virtue f Humanity Interpersnal strengths that invlve tending and befriending thers: Lve (capacity t lve and be lved): Valuing clse relatins with thers, in particular thse in which sharing & caring are reciprcated; being clse t peple: Kindness [genersity, nurturance, care, cmpassin, altruistic lve, niceness ]: Ding favrs and gd deeds fr thers; helping them; taking care f them. Scial intelligence [emtinal intelligence, persnal intelligence]: Being aware f the mtives/feelings f thers and neself; knwing what t d t fit int different scial situatins; knwing what makes ther peple tick. Virtue f Justice Civic strengths that underlie healthy cmmunity life: Teamwrk [citizenship, scial respnsibility, lyalty]: Wrking well as a member f a grup r team; being lyal t the grup; ding ne s share. 2

3 Fairness: Treating all peple the same accrding t ntins f fairness & justice; nt letting feelings bias decisins abut thers; giving everyne a fair chance. Leadership: Encuraging a grup f which ne is a member t get things dne and at the same time maintain gd relatins within the grup; rganizing grup activities and seeing that they happen. Virtue f Temperance Strengths that prtect against excess: Frgiveness [mercy]: Frgiving thse wh have dne wrng; accepting thers shrtcmings; giving peple a secnd chance; nt being vengeful. Humility [mdesty]: Letting ne s accmplishments speak fr themselves; nt regarding neself as mre special than ne is. Prudence: Being careful abut ne s chices; nt taking undue risks; nt saying r ding things that might later be regretted. Self-regulatin [self-cntrl]: Regulating what ne feels and des; being disciplined; cntrlling ne s appetites and emtins. Virtue f Transcendence Strengths that frge cnnectins t the universe & prvide meaning: Appreciatin f beauty and excellence [awe, wnder, elevatin]: Nticing and appreciating beauty, excellence, and/r skilled perfrmance in varius dmains f life, frm nature t art t mathematics t science t everyday experience. Gratitude: Being aware f and thankful fr the gd things that happen; taking time t express thanks. Hpe [ptimism, future-mindedness, future rientatin]: Expecting the best in the future and wrking t achieve it; believing that a gd future is smething that can be brught abut. 3

4 Humr [playfulness]: Liking t laugh and tease; bringing smiles t ther peple; seeing the light side; making (nt necessarily telling) jkes. Spirituality [religiusness, faith, purpse]: Having cherent beliefs abut the higher purpse & meaning f the universe; knwing where ne fits within the larger scheme; having beliefs abut the meaning f life that shape cnduct and prvide cmfrt. 4

5 Character Lab Reprinted with permissin frm Characterlab. Cpyright 2017 All rights reserved. Gratitude: Strengths f Heart. Gratitude is the appreciatin fr the benefits we receive frm thers, and the desire t reciprcate. Scial/Emtinal Intelligence: Strengths f Heart. Scial/Emtinal Intelligence is understanding feelings and using them t infrm actins. Purpse: Strengths f Heart. Having a purpse means being driven by smething larger than yurself. Self-Cntrl: Strengths f Heart, Strengths f Mind. Self-cntrl is cntrlling ne s wn respnses s they align with shrt- and lng-term gals. Curisity: Strengths f Mind. Curisity is a strng desire t learn r knw smething- a search fr infrmatin fr its wn sake. Grit: Strengths f Will. Grit is perseverance and passin fr lng-term gals. Zest: Strengths f Mind. Zest als referred t as vitality is an apprach t life that is filled with excitement and energy. Grwth Mindset: Strengths f Will. Having a grwth mindset means understanding that intelligence can be develped. Optimism: Strengths f Will. Optimism is being hpeful abut future utcmes cmbined with the agency t shape that future. 5

6 The Gallup Organizatin Strengths Finder Reprinted with permissin by Gallup Institute ( Achiever: Peple strng in the Achiever theme have a great deal f stamina and wrk hard. They take Activatr: great satisfactin frm being busy and prductive. Peple strng in the Activatr theme can make things happen by turning thughts int actin. Adaptability: They are ften impatient. Peple strng in the Adaptability theme prefer t g with the flw. They tend t be Analytical: nw peple wh take things as they cme and discver the future ne day at a time. Peple strng in the Analytical theme search fr reasns and causes. They have the ability t Arranger: think abut all the factrs that might affect a situatin. Peple strng in the Arranger theme can rganize, but they als have a flexibility that cmplements this ability. They like t figure ut hw all f the pieces and resurces can be arranged fr maximum prductivity. Belief: Peple strng in the Belief theme have certain cre values that are unchanging. Out f these Cmmand: values emerges a defined purpse fr their life. Peple strng in the Cmmand theme have presence. They can take cntrl f a situatin and make deisins. Cmmunicatin: Peple strng in the Cmmunicatin theme generally find it easy t put their thughts int wrds. They are gd cnversatinalists and presenters. 6

7 Cmpetitin: Peple strng in the Cmpetitin theme measure their prgress against the perfrmance f thers. They strive t win first place and revel in cntests. Cnnectedness: Peple strng in the Cnnectedness theme have faith in the links between all things. Cnsistency: They believe there are few cincidences and that almst every event has a reasn. Peple strng in the Cnsistency theme are keenly aware f the need t treat peple Cntext: the same. They try t treat everyne in the wrld with cnsistency by setting up clear rules and adhering t them. Peple strng in the Cntext theme enjy thinking abut the past. They understand the Deliberative: present by researching its histry. Peple strng in the Deliberative theme are best described by the serius care they Develper: take in making decisins r chices. They anticipate the bstacles. Peple strng in the Develper theme recgnize and cultivate the ptential in thers. They spt the signs f each small imprvement and derive satisfactin frm these Discipline: imprvements. Peple strng in the Discipline theme enjy rutine and structure. Their wrld is best Empathy: described by the rder they create. Peple strng in the Empathy theme can sense the feelings f ther peple by imagining themselves in thers lives r thers situatins. Fcus: Peple strng in the Fcus theme can take a directin, fllw thrugh, and make the Futuristic: crrectins necessary t stay n track. They priritize, then act. Peple strng in the Futuristic theme are inspired by the future and what culd be. They inspire thers with their visins f the future. 7

8 Harmny: Peple strng in the Harmny theme lk fr cnsensus. They dn t enjy cnflict; Ideatin: rather, they seek areas f agreement. Peple strng in the Ideatin theme are fascinated by ideas. They are able t find cnnectins between seemingly disparate phenmena. Includer (frmerly Inclusiveness): Peple strng in the Includer theme are accepting f thers. They shw awareness f thse wh feel left ut, and make an effrt t include them. Individualizatin: Peple strng in the Individualizatin theme are intrigued with the unique qualities f each persn. They have a gift fr figuring ut hw peple wh are different can wrk tgether prductively. Input: Peple strng in the Input theme have a craving t knw mre. Often they like t cllect and Intellectin: archive all kinds f infrmatin. Peple strng in the Intellectin theme are characterized by their intellectual activity. Learner: They are intrspective and appreciate intellectual discussins. Peple strng in the Learner theme have a great desire t learn and want t cntinuusly Maximizer: imprve. In particular, the prcess f learning, rather than the utcme, excites them. Peple strng in the Maximizer theme fcus n strengths as a way t stimulate persnal and Psitivity: grup excellence. They seek t transfrm smething strng int smething superb. Peple strng in the Psitivity theme have an enthusiasm that is cntagius. They are Relatr: upbeat and can get thers excited abut what they are ging t d. Peple wh are strng in the Relatr theme enjy clse relatinships with thers. They find deep satisfactin in wrking hard with friends t achieve a gal. 8

9 Respnsibility: Peple strng in the Respnsibility theme take psychlgical wnership f what they say Restrative: they will d. They are cmmitted t stable values such as hnesty and lyalty. Peple strng in the Restrative theme are adept at dealing with prblems. They are gd at figuring ut what is wrng and reslving it. Self-assurance: Peple strng in the Self-assurance theme feel cnfident in their ability t manage Significance: their wn lives. They pssess an inner cmpass that gives them cnfidence that their decisins are right. Peple strng in the Significance theme want t be very imprtant in the eyes f thers. They Strategic: are independent and want t be recgnized. Peple strng in the Strategic theme create alternative ways t prceed. Faced with any given scenari, they can quickly spt the relevant patterns and issues. W: Peple strng in the W theme lve the challenge f meeting new peple and winning them ver. They derive satisfactin frm breaking the ice and making a cnnectin with anther persn. 9

10 R2 Strengths Prfiler: Strengths Families Reprinted with permissin frm Centre f Applied Psitive Psychlgy ( Authenticity: Whatever yu d, yu d it with genuine cnvictin and withut pretense. Yu always keep t yur wn values and beliefs, n matter what ther peple may want yu t d. Yu are prud t stand up fr what yu believe in, ding things in a way that is right fr yu. Centered: Yu have learned t remain grunded in whatever situatin yu find yurself. Yu have taken time t understand wh and what yu are, being able t prtray a natural sense f self-assurance that yu are able t maintain almst always. Whatever challenges life thrws at yu, yu have learned t be pised and cmpsed, and are rarely shaken. Curage: While yu may well feel afraid smetimes, yu never let yur fear get in the way f what yu want t d. Yu are excited by participating in activities that make yu feel nervus r scared. Yu feel the fear and d it anyway. Curisity: Yu knw that it is imprtant t be pen t new ideas. Yu lk t seek ut new infrmatin when yu can. Yu ften ask questins, r make yur wn enquiries, t learn mre abut the tpics yu cme acrss. Gratitude: Yu are cnstantly aware f hw frtunate yu are and the psitive things that yu have in yur life. Yu naturally ntice and appreciate the gd things that happen t yu. Yu take nthing and nbdy fr granted. 10

11 Humility: Yu are a humble persn, never allwing yurself t be bigheaded r bastful. When a jb is dne well, yu have learned t ensure credit is given t ther peple. Yu knw that yu depend n thers fr yur success. Yu strive t appreciate and value their supprt. Legacy: Yu believe that it is imprtant t cnsider future generatins and t leave a legacy thrugh what yu d. Yu have learned hw t wrk n things that will make a difference ver the lng term. Yu try t ensure that what yu d will utlast yu and cntinue t make a psitive cntributin. Missin: Yu derive great fulfillment frm ding things that give yur life meaning and purpse. Yu culd be fcused n ne r many different things that prvide purpse. Hw yu spend yur time, yur decisins and yur future plans are all aligned t yur sense f missin and purpse in life. Mral cmpass: Yu are acutely aware f the difference between right and wrng. Yu always act in accrdance with what yu believe is right. Yur decisins and yur actins are always guided by yur ethics and values. Persnal respnsibility: Yu are always true t yur wrd, knwing that if yu make a prmise, then yu are sure t keep it. Yu never blame thers, but take wnership f everything that yu d. Yu are seen as smene wh is always prepared t d what yu have cmmitted t d. Pride: Yu take pride in what yu d. Yu like t deliver wrk that is f the highest standard and quality, getting it right first time. Yu tend t set high standards fr yurself, and like the recgnitin f thers fr the quality f yur wrk. Self-awareness: Yu enjy spending time and fcusing effrt n understanding yur behavir, emtins, and respnses t different situatins. 11

12 Yu have a deep awareness f yur strengths and weaknesses. Yur behavir never surprises yu r catches yu ff guard. Service: Yu try t help peple as much as yu can. Yu have learned that it can be beneficial t g abve and beynd what yu need t d fr peple. Yu try t fcus n satisfying peple s needs and meeting their requirements. Uncnditinality: Yu have learned hw t accept and respect peple fr wh they are. Yu try hard nt t be judgmental. Yu have learned nt t be fazed by the way that peple are, r even the things that they d. Yu knw that everyne is valuable in their wn right. Cmmunicating Hw we give and receive infrmatin: Cunterpint: Yu lve t bring an alternative perspective t any situatin. Yu see things differently frm thers, and can present a range f alternatives fr any scenari. Yu enjying bringing things int the discussin that ther peple have missed. Explainer: Yu like t simplify things s that a wide range f peple can easily understand them. Yu can take a cmplex idea and express it simply and clearly. Yu enjy cming up with different ways f explaining the same thing. Feedback: Yu enjy giving peple bth psitive and negative feedback. Yu believe peple need t knw what they have dne well, s that they can build n it and prgress. Yu give peple accurate develpmental feedback s that they knw where they can imprve. Humr: Yu lve making peple laugh and lk fr every pprtunity t d s. Yu are able see the funny side f things and like t share this with thers. Yu have the ability t crack a jke r tell a stry that lightens the md and gives enjyment t thers. 12

13 Listener: Yu have learned t take an interest in what peple have t say. Yu knw it is imprtant t listen nt just t the wrds, but t hw thse wrds are used. Yu try t listen t everything that smene says. Narratr: Telling stries cmes very naturally t yu. As rdinary events happen, yu picture hw they might be spun int an anecdte r stry t tell thers. Yu see the pwer f stries t cnvey mrals, insights, values, humr, and many ther lessns. Scribe: Yu enjy writing and it cmes naturally t yu. Yu prefer t use the written wrd ver ther frms f cmmunicatin. Sptlight: Whether in a meeting r in a scial gathering, yu naturally speak up and hld the flr. Yu lve capturing peple s interest and attentin, and find this easy t d. Yu find that yu can get peple t listen t yu and fcus n what yu re saying r ding, whatever the distractins. Mtivating Our drive twards actin: Actin: Yu feel cmpelled t act immediately and decisively. Yu are much mre cmfrtable with frward mmentum than yu are with careful strategy and reflectin. Getting started is the nly way fr yu. Yu will learn as yu g alng and if it desn t wrk, then at least yu tried. Adventure: Yu have learned t deal with risk r the untried. Yu cpe with experiences that are utside f yur cmfrt zne. Yu knw that putting yurself int new and challenging situatins will allw yu t test yurself. 13

14 Bunceback: Whatever setback r disappintment yu cme up against, it just makes yu mre determined t succeed. Yu lve t pick yurself up very quickly frm setbacks, using them as a springbard t spur yu n. Yu g n t achieve mre than yu wuld have dne therwise, prving yur success t yurself and thers. Catalyst: Yu have learned hw t mbilize and inspire peple t get things dne. Yu are able t get new prjects ff the grund and put ideas int actin by invlving thers. Yu have learned techniques and skills that help t get peple mtivated and get things mving. Change Agent: Yu knw f the real benefits f change and yu are at ease when invlved with and bringing abut change. Yu have learned hw t be an advcate fr new develpments and are able t d this when required. Yu put thers at ease thrugh yur ability t deal with change. Cmpetitive: Yu have learned t measure yur abilities and achievements relative t thers, in rder t gauge yur prgress and success. Yu knw that winning is imprtant, and yu try t ensure that yu beat the cmpetitin in everything yu d. Yu feel gd when yu are first, but if this desn t happen, yu knw yu need t be better. Drive: Yu are extremely self-mtivated, with an inner drive that pushes yu n t achieve mre. As sn as yu cmplete ne task, yu dn t wait t be tld what t d, yu mve n t the next. Yu lve t set stretching gals and targets fr yurself. Efficacy: Yu have learned hw t be mre cnfident in yur wn abilities. Yu try t believe in yurself, knwing that this will help yu t achieve yur gals. Yu knw that if yu set yur mind t smething and wrk hard, yu are mre likely t achieve it. 14

15 Grwth: Whatever yu are ding, yu lk fr ways t develp yurself further. Yu actively seek ut activities, skills, knwledge, r new ways f wrking that will help yu grw. Yu lve t invite feedback n yur perfrmance, acting n bth psitive and negative cmments. Imprver: Yu have learned t suggest, and seek t make, imprvements. Yu try t think f ways t develp systems, prcesses, and methds s that they are mre effective. Yu have learned t keep ging even when faced with difficult challenges and frustratins. Persistence: Yu have learned t keep ging even when faced with difficult challenges and frustratins. Yu knw that success in the face f adversity requires extra effrt and determinatin. Yu have learned never t give up, even if yu find it tugh ging. Resilience: Yu have a tremendus ability t vercme adversity and take setbacks in yur stride. Yu find the resurces yu need and pick yurself back up, even in difficult circumstances. Yu knw that yu have the strength t cpe with, and recver frm, anything that life thrws at yu. Wrk Ethic: Yu are an extremely hard wrker, putting a lt f effrt and energy int yur wrk and ev erything yu d. Yu enjy putting in extra hurs. Yu are well used t wrking lng hurs ver a lng perid f time. Yu wrk much harder than thers, and yu enjy ding s. Relating Hw we relate t thers: Cmpassin: Yu want the best fr everyne and ffer sympathy and supprt t thers. When peple are unhappy, yu tend t lk fr the right thing t say. Yu ften take actin t help peple in whatever way yu can. 15

16 Cnnectr: Yu have learned hw t make cnnectins between the peple that yu meet. Yu ntice when peple have shared interests r smething in cmmn, and yu make links between them. Yu have acquired strategies that help yu t bring peple tgether effectively fr their mutu al benefit. Emtinal Awareness: Yu have learned hw t gauge peple s emtins and feelings. Yu try t sense hw peple feel, by picking up n the subtle clues and messages they give. Yu have learned hw t interpret peple s emtins accurately, s that what they are feeling is clear t yu. Empathic Cnnectin: Yu tend t have a natural cnnectin with ther peple. Yu are tuned in t thers and can feel what they are feeling. Yu like t put yurself in anther persn s shes, s yu can see things frm their pint f view. Enabler: Yu have learned hw t help peple t d things fr themselves. Yu are able t prvide supprt and encuragement, while giving peple tasks and challenges that will stretch them. Yu knw it is imprtant t help thers grw and develp by encuraging them ut f their cmfrt zne. Equality: Being fair and equitable is at the heart f wh yu are. Yu cnsider everyne t be yur equal, giving great attentin t issues f fairness and equality. Yur wn actins and decisins are as fair and equitable as pssible. Esteem Builder: Yur wrds and actins help peple t build their self-cnfidence and self-esteem. Yu clearly see the ptential and pssibility in peple, helping peple t recgnize it fr themselves. Yu lve t help thers t believe in themselves, helping them t achieve what they are capable f achieving. 16

17 Persnalizatin: Yu have learned t ntice the subtle differences in peple that make everyne unique. Yu knw hw t recgnize peple s different mtivatins, as well as their likes, dislikes, preferences and strengths. Yu understand that what is right fr ne persn might be wrng fr anther. Persuasin: Yu are extremely effective at cnvincing thers and bringing them arund t yur pint f view. Yu lve t make a gd case fr what yu want. Yu chse yur language, wrds and methds carefully, in rder t win agreement frm thers. Rapprt Builder: Yu have learned hw t start cnversatins with peple quickly and easily. Yu are cmfrtable meeting peple fr the first time. Yu are able quickly t find smething that is f interest t yu bth, helping t establish a relatinship. Relatinship Deepener: Yu have learned hw t build deep relatinships with peple that will last ver time. Yu knw that it can be beneficial t really get t knw smene, and fr them t really knw yu. Yu have learned t allw time fr yur relatinships t develp slwly. Thinking Our apprach t situatins: Adherence: Yu are the srt f persn wh is mtivated by carefully fllwing guidelines, rules and guidelines. Yu are cmfrtable cmpleting tasks that have clear steps and stages. Creativity: Yu like t be creative. Yu enjy cming up with r cmbining existing ideas, images, clrs, tastes r cncepts. Yu like trying things that have nt been tried befre, linking things in nvel and imaginative ways. Detail: Yu have a natural ability t fcus n the smallest detail. Yu get a buzz frm sptting inaccuracies. Errrs just seem t jump ut at yu. 17

18 Yu wuld never submit anything yurself that cntained a mistake. Incubatr: Yu knw that it can be beneficial t pnder and reflect when necessary. Yu have learned t take mments ut f yur day s that yu can think things thrugh. Yu are able t allw time and space t be absrbed in yur wn thughts. Innvatin: Yu are highly driven t want t invent things that are better than what has been dne befre. Yu lk at things frm a different perspective t thers and think ut f the bx. Yu lk beynd what exists when cming up with new ideas, inventins and appraches. Judgment: Yu make gd decisins bth quickly and easily. Yu enjy assessing the situatin, evidence and facts, being cnfident that yu will reach the right decisin. Yur decisins stand up t rbust challenge, and yu typically turn ut t be right. Optimism: Yu tend t see the best side f any situatin, with a steady belief that things will wrk ut well in the future. Having this belief keeps yu strng and enables yu t stay psitive, even when things becme difficult. Yu ften find that yu can lk n the bright side f life. Order: Yu like being well-rganized. Everything has its place, bth at wrk and hme. Yur rder and rganizatin mean that yu are able t be as effective as pssible in everything yu d. Yu knw where things are and what t d when because yu have usually rganized things in advance. Planful: Yu find it easy, befre starting tasks, t think carefully and establish timeframes. Fr yu, having a plan is essential 18

19 Preventin: Yu have learned t think ahead and anticipate prblems befre they happen. Yu try t ntice the little things that might be ut f place r ging wrng, and then deal with them. Yu knw that by acting in this way, yu can head ff future prblems. Recnfiguratin: Yu lve rearranging resurces and adapting plans t meet the changing demands f new situatins. Yu sense when t stay n track and when t change t becme mre effective. Yur adaptability means that yu are always lking fr the best pssible fit fr when the cntext changes. Reslver: Yu lve slving prblems. The mre cmplicated the prblem, the better. Yu will always g the extra mile t find a slutin, getting t the rt f the prblem. Yu re never beaten by a prblem, but the prblems are ften beaten by yu. Strategic Awareness: Yu have learned t take an interest in understanding changes in the wider wrld that culd impact n yur plans. Yu are able t develp and shift lng term plans effectively. Yu try t ensure that yu take steps t deal with whatever future circumstances may arise. Time Optimizer: Yu have learned that it is imprtant nt t waste time, finding ways t squeeze as much as yu can int every minute. Yu try t ensure yu use yur time prductively. Whatever situatin yu are in, yu have learned t make the mst f yur time. Websites: The VIA Classificatin f Character Strengths and Virtues R2 Strengths Prfiler: Strengths Families The Gallup Organizer Strength Finder Character Lab 19