Relationship between happiness and organizational commitment of the employees of Youth and Sports Department of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province

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1 International Journal of Sport Studies. Vol., 2 (9), , 2012 Available online at ISSN VictorQuest Publications Relationship between happiness and organizational commitment of the employees of Youth and Sports Department of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province Iman Nastaran Boroujeni 1, Hasan Asadi 2, Maryam saadattabatabie 3 1. M.A Sport Management Student of University of Tehran 2. Associate Professor of University of Tehran 3. Bachelor's physical Education student of Shariaty University Corresponding Author: Imannastaran.boroujeny@yahoo.com Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari's Department of Youth and Sports. The research is a descriptive - correlation. Number of staff in the Office of Youth and Sports Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province (N = 105) were selected as research subjects. Information collected by the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire and the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire Allen and Meyer took. The results showed that there was significant relationship between happiness and organizational commitment. Staff and a pleasant feeling of happiness in the workplace, increase their organizational commitment during work. The managers need to develop regular programs to increase employee happiness, up through the organization to increase productivity and efficiency. Keywords: Happiness, career commitment, organization, Youth and Sports, Iran, Sports Management. Introduction As the founder of shape people and organizations, from the most basic to the most complex forms, researchers have focused for years. In recent years, the development of communities and development of widespread preoccupation and abundant labor organizations, health and human happiness are significantly reduced, causing diseases such as depression and isolation capability. On the other hand, His organization condemned rotting in the body of knowledge and enthusiasms to promote the activities of the organization have lost. Happiness, positive emotions than negative emotions are high. Positive psychological states and reactive emotions and happiness as a description of the origin of the emotions people are feeling inside (Uchida et al., 2004). There are two main conception of happiness, joy, including perspective and the perspective of finding happiness and the happiness are independent of each harvest. Happiness means feeling joy and pleasure to enjoy the view from the inside knows it. View of finding happiness, happiness in close association with spirituality and the issues it considers (Ryan et al., 2001). Atkinson et al., (2011) the feeling of happiness that you feel people inside, the feelings of motivation and desire to live up to them. Dehaghi (2012) Happiness is that each person's level of happiness in their different feels. The level of happiness in the direction of the secondary activity has a significant impact on their lives. 427

2 What is the meaning of the word commitment, organizational affiliation of individuals and organizations affiliated to it? These elements include the organization, objectives, activities, and even the fate of the workspace is organized. Allen et al., (1990) in previous studies that have described the organizational commitment: commitment to staying organized and keeping employees in their organization. According to Allen et al., (1990) Organizational commitment is defined by three components that include an emotional component; the component is continuous and normative component. Soltan Hoseini et al., (2009) affective commitment to an emotional attachment to the values and objectives of the organization as violent and Prejudice. Definition Allen et al., (1991) affective commitment of employees to the organization's identity and its attachment to the organization and activities of the organization. Soltan Hoseini et al., (2009) Continuous Commitment (rational), speaking on behalf of employees leave an organization pays losses arising from. Allen et al., (1990) based on a continuous assessment of the value of employees remaining in the organization, or enterprise activity they abandoning. Soltan Hoseini et al., (2009) normative commitment, which includes a commitment to individual responsibility and faith in the face of the organization, is defined. According to Allen et al., (1990) normative commitment to the organization's employees for their loyalty, commitment and intensity is expressed. Although the relationship with organizational commitment and its components, much research has been done, but in terms of relationship happiness, and organizational commitment, few studies have been done. Cohen et al., (2010) in a study to examine the relationship between personal values, Organizational commitment and psychological health of police officers investigate. He examines the relationship between personal values in order to better understand the behavior of the agent, and the staff knows their organizational commitment. This study shows a significant positive correlation between mental health staff and the aims to be achieved. Research Field et al., (2011) to determine the relationship between happiness, job involvement and organizational commitment in South Africa deals with corporate headquarters staff. He's Health Questionnaire (WBQ) and the Oxford Happiness (OHQ) and Meyer and Allen's organizational commitment (OCQ) uses. His research shows a positive relationship between organizational commitment and emotional happiness. The happiness he eventually finds a factor between affective organizational commitments. Hadi nejad et al., (1388) in a study to evaluate the reliability, validity and standardization of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire paid. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total index (OHQ) in the test stage, 0.84 and 0.87 re-evaluated in test stage. Hoseini et al., (2010) in research to identify the factors affecting organizational commitment began. Factors such as the occupational group, marital status, employment history, salary, gender and age, including the factors that influence employees' organizational commitment and found. In other research, Richard (2007) normative commitment to the highest level of commitment to the organization knows. Because the organizational justice and employment conditions, as well as opportunities for growth and dynamism in the organization are identified. So the feeling of loyalty and commitment to their organization. Abdullah (2011) in a study to assess the scale of organizational commitment, Meyer and Allen deals. His speech is a direct relationship between organizational commitment and employee performance pay, and highlights the importance of organizational commitment. In the twenty-first century, organizations will focus more towards performance improvement in all aspects have been focused on increasing organizational commitment. Happiness and mental health of human beings, as an essential component of any organization is irrefutable. Increased organizational commitment means optimal performance and reduces the costs of employee turnover and training new employees would be (Fisher, 2010; Oswald et al., 2010; Uchida et al., 2004). In this regard, the present study examined the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment in the Youth and Sports department of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province. 428 Materials and Methods The study was a descriptive-correlation study and is implemented in the field. The number of employees in the research department of sports and youth of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, among which,

3 105 were randomly selected as the study sample. Information collected in the survey questionnaire Happiness "Oxford Happiness (OHQ) consists of 29 questions of four choices" was made (2002). Happiness questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of (α= 0/93) was calculated (Hadi nejad., 2009). It also collects information on employees' organizational commitment and organizational commitment questionnaire Allen et al.,(1990) (OCQ) consists of 24 questions, 5 options, using the three components of affective commitment, normative and continuous assessed. Organizational commitment questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability coefficient of (α= 0/84) was calculated from the results in Table 1 are visible. Analysis of the data collected using 17 SPSS software and the significance level (P 0/01) was performed. For a normal distribution of data, the test Kolmogrov - Smirnov (KS) was used to confirm the normal distribution of the variables, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine relationships between variables. Table 1: Cronbach's Alpha for reliability Cronbach's Alpha Factor 0/93 Happiness 0/84 Organizational commitment Results General findings of the study show that (48%) of the sample were male (52%), the rest are women. The mean age of the study sample (31) years, of which (44/1%) under 30 years of age. (65%) of them were married (35%) are single. In terms of employment status (64.4%) of the sample studied (35/6%) are serving as official employees. The relationship between happiness and organizational commitment in Table 2, the correlations (P = 0/793) in the level of significance (P 0/01) shows the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment represents a 99% confidence level. Relationship between happiness and components of organizational commitment correlation (P = 0/843) correlation between happiness and emotional component (P = 0/641) between the happiness and the normative significance level (P 0/01) shows. The results showed no significant relationship between happiness and continuous components. Table 2: Results of analysis of correlation coefficient test variable Organizational Organizational Organizational Organizational commitment affective continuance normative Happiness Pearson 0/793** 0/843** 0/061 0/641** Correlation coefficient Sig. (2-tailed) 0/000 0/000 0/234 0/000 N Discussion and Conclusion Based on research findings, a significant relationship between happiness, and organizational commitment of the provincial department of sports and youth were seen. One of the newest and possibly the most unique international research in the field is research Field et al., (2011). This is a significant positive relationship between affective commitment and job involvement shows, also, a significant positive relationship between affective commitment and expressed happiness that is completely aligned with our results (Field et al., 2011). The researchers also found a significant positive relationship between job involvement and Happiness has. Field et al., (2011) on the welfare of the organization as a predictor of affective organizational commitment. Fisher (2010) in their research into various aspects of happiness in the workplace and corporate deals, His numerous aspects such as organizational commitment, job involvement and job satisfaction in

4 relation to the subject finds happiness. He believes the employee happiness and stability than a positive view of their organization makes, He pleasant to deal with situations in the corporate environment as a factor in increasing employee happiness, the happiness of their employees as a factor in organizational commitment, a point that is in line with the results of Fisher (Fisher, 2010). Soltan Hoseini et al., (2009) in their study of the relationship between quality of work life and organizational commitment refer Physical Education departments. He said as the two components of affective commitment and normative commitment are influenced by the quality of work life for employees. These findings suggest that the results of the study findings Soltan Hoseini et al., (2009) are consistent and confirm his findings. Happiness level organization, which represents one side of the workspace, and other issues related to the personal life of employees, is desirable. Rich environment of friendship and cordial relations with the employees will increase the attachment. The employees of the organization are viewed as his second home, his efforts to promote the work and the means to increase the effectiveness of the organization (Cohen et al., 2010; Peterson et al., 2007; Susniene et al., 2009). In addition, this study examines the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment, the relationship between happiness and organizational commitment components were also discussed. The findings suggest that the emotional component of happiness and organizational commitment to a positive and significant relationship between the findings, the results of Field et al., (2011) study also confirms (Field et al., 2011). In addition, new research shows that a significant positive relationship between happiness and normative commitment there. The findings indicated that the level of happiness of the employees will gain, and the provider organization is part of the happiness of the employees there, more and better emotional relationship people have with the organization. On the other hand, has a bias towards the attached staff feel more responsible for the success and achieving your goals are. Obviously, this sense of attachment and commitment to the organization will increase productivity and efficiency. In this regard, be advised, the top managers, especially senior managers of the Ministry of Youth and Sports, the atmosphere more lively and more lush in your corporate environment by deciding to labor in these organizations, commitment and attachment to the organization and organizational goals, it should lead to increased effectiveness and efficiency. References Abdullah A, Evaluation of Allen and Meyer s Organizational Commitment Scale: A Cross-Cultural Application in Pakistan. Journal of Education and Vocational Research, 1(3): Ali Pour A, Agaah Haris M, Reliability and Validity of OHI in Iran. Journal of Iranian Psychologists, 3(12): Atkinson C, Hall L, Flexible working and happiness in the NHS. Employee Relations, 33(2): Cohen A, Shamai O, The relationship between individual values, psychological well-being, and organizational commitment among Israeli police officers, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 33(1): Dehaghi M.R, Happiness as an effective factor in organizational commitment of managers. African Journal of Business Management, 6(33): Field L.K, Buitendach J.H, Happiness, work engagement and organizational commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 37(1): 10 pages. Fisher C.D, Happiness at work. International journal of management reviews, 12(4): Goudarzi M, Hemayat Talab R, Compared to the happiness of the individual and team sports Tehran University. Research in Sports Science, (15): Hadi Nejad H, Zarei F, Reliability, validity, and standardization Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Psychological research, 12(1&2): Hamidi M, Kashtidar M, The organizational structure and organizational commitment in college physical education throughout the country. Travel magazine, (15): Hoseini S.M, Mahdi Z.A.A, Identifying factors influencing organizational commitment. Journal of Management, (18):

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