Investigative Interviewing

Transcription

1 Investigative Interviewing Interview & Interrogation Body Language Analysis Statement Analysis Investigation Techniques Nossen (1) Gathering & analyzing of evidence Interviewing & Interrogation Surveillance Investigation Techniques Nossen (2) Electronic interception & monitoring Undercover operations Agents & informers Asset investigations 1

2 Communication Mandate/Tasking Commencement of Investigation Victim Witness Suspect Physical & Documentary Evidence Crime Scene Investigation Statements Investigation Report Investigation File Sending, receiving messages Imparting, conveying, exchange Received & understood Communication High-order social skill Complex process Intelligence & skill average man: words p/day average woman: words p/day Elsabé Aldrich 2

3 Emotions Communication Personal intimate Feelings Ideas, judgments Reality: you and I meaning - response Reports, facts Cliché conversation Listen Patience Understanding Ideas Emotions & attitudes Approach Neutrality Sympathy Empathy Verbal Non-verbal 3

4 Defensive listening External barriers Internal barriers A positive presence is the most powerful manner of interaction Barriers Patsy Rodenburg Self confidence Posture Eye contact 4

5 Open face Friendliness Self confidence Attention Positive response Not interrupt Ask follow-up questions Correctly take notes Be patient 5

6 Approachable Easy to talk to Non-judgmental Open-minded Emotionally responsive Psychologically wise Commencement of Investigation When aroused reduced ability to communicate What you intend is irrelevant If you do not obtain results, change OPV principle Do not suggest, do not project Way to lie Better communication pace down, pauses up Omit crucial facts Pretend ignorance Feign forgetfulness 6

7 Remus Reid Judy Wallman, a professional genealogy researcher in southern California, was doing some personal work on her own family tree. She discovered that Senator Harry Reid's great-great uncle, Remus Reid, was hanged for horse stealing and train robbery in Montana in Both Judy and Harry Reid share this common ancestor. 'Remus Reid, horse thief, sent to Montana Territorial Prison 1885, escaped 1887, robbed the Montana Flyer six times. Caught by Pinkerton detectives, convicted and hanged in 1889.' So Judy recently ed Senator Harry Reid for information about their great-great uncle. "Remus Reid was a famous cowboy in the Montana Territory. His business empire grew to include acquisition of valuable equestrian assets and intimate dealings with the Montana railroad. Beginning in 1883, he devoted several years of his life to government service, finally taking leave to resume his dealings with the railroad. In 1887, he was a key player in a vital investigation run by the renowned Pinkerton Detective Agency. In 1889,Remus passed away during an important civic function held in his honour when the platform upon which he was standing collapsed. 7

8 Cognition So Judy recently ed Senator Harry Reid for information about their great-great uncle. Process by which people receive, process and convey information Cognition Influencing Factors Cognition Influencing Factors Memory Attention Intelligence Problem solving Language ability Visio spatial skills 8

9 Cognition The Human Brain Cognition Specific Aspects Awesome and complex seat of intelligence stores more information than all the libraries in the world put together Personality Expectations about the world Substance influence Cognition Memory Cognition Memory Process Obtaining & storing of information Chemical & electrical reaction Memory trail - connections Sensory memory Working memory Short term memory Long term memory 9

10 Cognition Essence of a message Cognition Essence of a Message Who Why Anchoring What How Concrete facts Where Repeated details When Original depiction Cognition Essence of a Message Consistency Subjective experiences Preferences Determine typical approach to human interaction Spontaneous corrections four functional parts unique combination dominating preference 10

11 L1 Factual Logical Essence of the matter Do not show feelings Evaluate information L2 Organised Rules & tradition Neat Timeous Detailed R1 Inquisitive Play with words, hidden meanings Use humour Not rule orientated R2 Emotional Sensitive Body language Interpersonal Non-verbal Human beings are programmed to react when confronted with a threat: Do you know why I want to talk to you? Who do you think may have done this? What kind of person would do this? What should happen to him? 11

12 Did this really happen? Why would someone accuse you? Who should we exclude? Investigative Interviewing What about a second chance? The Effective Interviewer/Interrogator Seeks to obtain information Information gathering vs. Accusing Information gathering Accusing High degree of authority Objectives Structure Information Little Confession Highly Notes Yes No Credible persuader Talking Interviewee Investigator 12

13 Investigation technique Preparation Introduction Conversation with a purpose Rapport Questions Information Verification Departure Catch-all question Critique Interview - Preparation Interview - Introduction All relevant information Timing Location By whom Identify Purpose Authority 13

14 Interview Build Rapport Interview Questions (1) Cliché information Basis of respect Open ended What happened Eye contact Head nodding Remove obstacles Face person Active listening No interruption Interview Questions (2) Interview Verification Specific questions MOM WWWWWH Mutual understanding Extensive note taking Witness recollection 14

15 Interview Catch-all question Interview Statement Do I have all the information? Anything you can add? Convert information into a statement Have you told me everything? Interview Departure Interview Critique Positive exit Evaluate effort Possibility of re-contact Learn from mistakes 15

16 General Interviewing Principles What is the message? How does he know it? What did he leave out? Non-verbal message? 16