Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key. Answer Key

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1 G r a d e 1 2 P s y c h o l o g y Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key Name: Student Number: Attending q Non-Attending q Phone Number: Address: For Marker s Use Only Date: Final Mark /100 = % Comments: Answer Key Instructions The midterm examination will be weighted as follows: Modules 1 to 3: 100% The format of the midterm examination will be as follows: Part 1: Matching Definitions and Famous Psychologists (30 questions, 0.5 mark each) Part 2: Multiple-Choice Questions (35 questions, 1 mark each) Part 3: Short-Answer Questions (choose 4 out of 5 questions, 5 marks each) Part 4: Long-Answer Questions (choose 3 out of 4 questions, 10 marks each) The following practice midterm examination contains a sample of the types of questions you will find on the midterm examination. Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key 1

2 Part 1: Matching Definitions and Famous Psychologists (30 x 0.5 mark = 15 marks) On the midterm examination, there are 30 questions each worth 0.5 mark to a total of 15 marks. Below is a sample of the types of terms you are responsible for learning. Match the terms or names of the psychologists on the left with the correct description on the right. Place the corresponding number on the line next to the term or name. 12 data (Module 1, Lesson 4) 1 debriefing (Module 1, Lesson 6) 5 emotions (Module 2, Lesson 7) 13 empathetic (Module 3, Lesson 5) 2 fraternal twins (Module 2, Lesson 3) 4 Freud (Module 1, Lesson 3) 9 gender roles (Module 3, Lesson 4) 15 neuron (Module 2, Lesson 1) 8 perceptual constancy (Module 2, Lesson 5) 10 primary sex characteristics (Module 3, Lesson 2) 3 psychology (Module 1, Lesson 2) 6 range (Module 1, Lesson 5) 11 sensation (Module 2, Lesson 4) 14 stress (Module 2, Lesson 8) 7 zygote (Module 3, Lesson 1) 1. The act of telling participants the purpose of the study. 2. These develop from two different fertilized eggs. 3. It is the scientific study of behaviour and mental processes. 4. The name of a psychiatrist who believed that psychological problems could be traced to childhood sexual conflicts. 5. These are full-bodied responses involving arousal, behaviours, and experience. 6. The difference between the highest score and the lowest score. 7. This is a newly fertilized egg. 8. This is understanding that things will remain constant even though there may be changes in the distance, angle of view, or lighting level of an object. 9. These are expectations about the way men and women behave. 10. These are the reproductive organs in humans. 11. This is information our nervous system receives from the environment. 12. It is the information that you collect. 13. It involves sharing thoughts, and understanding and reflecting the other person s feelings. 14. It is a process by which we perceive and respond to events that we see as threatening or challenging. 15. This is the name of the individual cells found in the brain. 2 Grade 12 Psychology

3 Name: Part 2: Multiple-Choice Questions (35 x 1 mark = 35 marks) On the midterm examination, there are 35 multiple-choice questions each worth 1 mark to a total of 35 marks. Below is a sample of ten multiple-choice questions. Circle the letter beside the best answer for each multiple-choice question. 1. Which of the following behaviours can best be described as overt behaviour? (Module 1, Lesson 1) a. You are watching TV game shows. b. You are thinking about the answer to a contestant s question. c. You are sad that the contestant answered incorrectly. d. You are wondering whether or not there are any frozen waffles left in the freezer. 2. Which of the following methods of studying the brain produces an x-ray as several cameras rotate around the brain to take the image? (Module 2, Lesson 2) a. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) b. Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan) c. Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT scan) d. Electroencephalogram (EEG) 3. In order to understand personality, trait theorists attempt to (Module 3, Lesson 5) a. create traits that fit people b. increase the number of basic traits that have been identified c. classify traits and discover how they are related to behaviour d. reduce the common traits to measures of temperament 4. Which of the following is not true of a percentile rank? (Module 1, Lesson 5) a. It compares one score with other scores in an imaginary group of 100 individuals. b. It compares a score to an imaginary score of 100. c. It indicates where a score stands in that group. d. It indicates how many people had equal or lower scores. 5. A neuron does all of the following except (Module 2, Lesson 1) a. receive information from another neuron b. carry information c. pass on information to the next neuron in line d. receive and carry information to the neurotransmitter Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key 3

4 6. The theory according to which children learn from their culture a concept of what it means to be male and female and then adjust their behaviour to fit is the (Module 3, Lesson 4) a. Social Learning Theory b. Gender Schema Theory c. Gender Identity Theory d. Gender Role Theory 7. William James approach to psychology was defined as (Module 1, Lesson 3) a. behaviour b. the mind as a function of the organism c. the personality d. inner needs, fulfillment, the search for identity, and other human concerns 8. Twin and adoption studies have determined that (Module 2, Lesson 3) a. nature determines who we are b. nurture determines who we are c. nature and nurture are important in determining who we are d. nature and nurture are not important in determining who we are 9. Denial, bargaining, and acceptance are three stages of Kubler-Ross s theory on death and dying. The other two stages are (Module 3, Lesson 3) a. anger and depression b. grieving and depression c. sadness and anger d. sadness and grieving 10. Which statement about social-cognitive theory is incorrect? (Module 3, Lesson 5) a. Social-cognitive theorists use experiments to study how different situations affect people s attitudes and behaviours. b. Social-cognitive theorists look at a person s past behaviour patterns in order to predict future behaviour. c. Social-cognitive perspective is an objective, scientific approach to looking at personality. d. Social-cognitive perspective includes cognition and learning, emphasizes the environment, and takes individual s emotions into account. 4 Grade 12 Psychology

5 Name: Part 3: Short-Answer Questions (4 x 5 marks = 20 marks) On the midterm examination, you will be asked to answer 4 of the 5 short-answer questions presented, each worth 5 marks to a total of 20 marks. Below is an example of a short-answer question. 1. There are five different theories of emotion. a. James-Lange Theory of Emotion b. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion c. Schacter s Theory of Emotion d. Zajonc s Theory of Emotion e. Lazarus Theory of Emotion (Module 2, Lesson 7) In five separate paragraphs, comment on how each of these theories would explain Marlene s emotional reaction in the following scenario. (5 x 1 mark = 5 marks) Marlene is babysitting a nine-month-old baby. She is holding the baby in her arms when a fierce dog appears out of nowhere. The dog leaps for the baby s face. Marlene immediately ducks for cover to protect the baby and screams at the dog. She notices that her heart is pounding and she has broken out into a sweat. In the James-Lange theory of emotion, emotion is due to perceiving changes in the body. Specifically, it is due to reactions of the autonomic nervous system. Marlene s emotional reaction could be explained as follows. Marlene saw the fierce dog and she became aware of her physiological response: her heart was pounding and she broke out into a sweat. She then labeled her reaction as fear. In the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion, emotion-arousing stimuli occur simultaneously with the physiological response. In Marlene s situation, the fear experience occurred at the same time as her physiological response. In Schacter s theory of emotion, both our physical responses and our cognitive labels combine to cause an emotional response. In Marlene s situation, after her heart starts to pound and she breaks into a sweat, she assigns the cognitive label of I m afraid and then she labels her reaction as fear. In Zajonc s theory of emotion, emotion and cognition are separate. Our interpretation of a situation is slower than our emotional reaction. Our feelings control our thoughts. In Marlene s situation, she knew how she felt before she knew what she thought about the situation. She reacted to her feelings. In Lazarus theory of emotion, emotional responses occur outside of conscious thinking. In Marlene s situation, she reacted without thinking about the situation. She reacted without conscious thought. Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key 5

6 Part 4: Long-Answer Questions (3 x 10 marks = 30 marks) On the midterm examination, you will be asked to answer 3 of the 4 long-answer questions presented, each worth 10 marks to a total of 30 marks. Below is an example of a long-answer question. 1. Freud believed that a healthy personality was one that could successfully express pleasure-seeking impulses while avoiding punishment or guilt. For this to happen, sometimes the ego would have to resort to defence tactics that Freud called defence mechanisms. Complete the following chart identifying 5 of the 10 defence mechanisms proposed by Freud (1 mark each) and provide a scenario that would be an example of the defence mechanism in action (1 mark each). (Module 3, Lesson 5) Defence Mechanism Repression Scenario It is used to conceal an event that is causing disturbances; by not recalling the event, the person does not have to deal with its consequences. An appropriate scenario would describe having no recollection of an event that reminds you of something you work hard to control in the present. Regression It allows an anxious person to retreat to a more comfortable, infant-like stage of life. An appropriate scenario would describe an action such as thumb-sucking or bedwetting when stressed. Denial It allows an anxious person to refuse to admit that something unpleasant is happening. An appropriate scenario would describe making up a story or lying about an event that has happened. Reaction formation It reverses an unacceptable impulse causing an anxious person to express the opposite of the anxiety-provoking, unconscious feeling. An appropriate scenario would describe denying strong feelings about another person by responding in the opposite way. continued 6 Grade 12 Psychology

7 Name: Defence Mechanism Projection Scenario It disguises threatening feelings of guilty anxiety by attributing the problem to others. An appropriate scenario would describe transferring negative or inappropriate feelings onto another person; for example, accusing someone of something that you are feeling but won t admit to. Rationalization It replaces real, anxiety-provoking explanations with more comforting justifications for one s actions. It makes mistakes seem reasonable. An appropriate scenario would describe making up a logical excuse for irrational behaviour. Displacement It shifts an unacceptable impulse toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person. An appropriate scenario would describe taking out anger on an inanimate object. Compensation It emphasizes personal strengths in one area to shift the focus from failure in another area. An appropriate scenario would describe a person emphasizing positive accomplishments instead of dwelling on failures in life. Identification It lets associations with people or groups that are of higher status occur in order to increase your own status. An appropriate scenario would describe an action that makes an insecure person feel more secure; boosting selfconfidence. Intellectualization It describes painful or emotional personal events in academic terms. An appropriate scenario would describe a person attributing a failure in education-related events to the system rather than themselves. Midterm Practice Examination Answer Key 7

Personality. Chapter 13

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