Experimental Design. Thomas Wolbers Space and Aging Laboratory Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Experimental Design. Thomas Wolbers Space and Aging Laboratory Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems"

Transcription

1 Experimental Design Thomas Wolbers Space and Aging Laboratory Centre for Cognitive and Neural Systems

2 Overview Design of functional neuroimaging studies Categorical designs Factorial designs Parametric designs fmri adaptation Control conditions Trial timing

3 Categorical Designs Subtraction logic in psychophysics Assumption of pure insertion: you can insert a component process into a task without disrupting the other components you can estimate duration of a cognitive process by comparing reaction times between different conditions F.C. Donders

4 Categorical Designs T1: Simple Reaction Time Hit button when you see a light Detect Stimulus Press Button T2: Discrimination Reaction Time Hit button when light is green but not red Detect Stimulus Discriminate Color Press Button T3: Choice Reaction Time Hit left button when light is green and right button when light is red Detect Stimulus Discriminate Color Choose Button Press Button

5 Categorical Designs T2 Detect Stimulus Discriminate Color Press Button - T1 Detect Stimulus Press Button = Discriminate Color

6 Categorical Designs T3 Detect Stimulus Discriminate Color Choose Button Press Button - T2 Detect Stimulus Discriminate Color Press Button = Choose Button

7 Categorical Designs Background pure insertion: you can insert a component process into a task without disrupting the other components addtional cognitive processes always evoke the same additional activation! activation due to baseline task unaffected! Simple subtraction you can identify functionally specialised regions with regionally specific activation differences moving dots fixation

8 Categorical Designs Serial subtraction Question: Is inferior temporal cortex (IT) involved in phonological retrieval during object recognition? Cognitive processes visual analysis: occipital cortex object recognition:??? phonological retrieval:??? verbal output: Broca s s area

9 Categorical Designs Experimental design A say yes when you see an abstract image (vis. analysis, verbal output) yes B say yes when you see a concrete object (vis. analysis, object recognition, verbal output) yes C name concrete object (vis. analysis, object recognition, phonological retrieval, verbal output) butterfly

10 Categorical Designs A visual analysis verbal output B visual analysis object recognition verbal output C visual analysis object recognition phonological retrieval verbal output B - A C - B significant IT activation object recognition! no significant IT activation no evidence for IT involvement in phonological retrieval! Problem: unjustified assumption that IT response to object recognition is context independent! psychophysics neurophysiology

11 Factorial Designs Background the whole is more than just the sum of its parts cognitive processes are interdependent task A interacts with task B, A modulates sensitivity to B... interaction term (task B x task D) C - D = - = - B - A = - = A B C D task interaction =

12 Factorial Designs D Name colour of abstract image (vis. analysis, phonological retrieval, verbal output) green no object recogn. no phonolog. retrieval A visual analysis verbal output D phonolog. retrieval visual analysis phonological retrieval verbal output object recognit. B visual analysis object recognition verbal output C visual analysis object recognition phonological retrieval verbal output Interaction: (C - D) (B - A) significant IT activation phonological retrieval modulates IT response to object recognition IT also involved in phonological retrieval!

13 Parametric Designs cognitive processes categorical/factorial designs parametric designs binary continuous Systematic variation of regional activation with endo-/exogenous parameters task stays the same while the amount of processing varies; thus, changes to the nature of the task are less of a problem you can test for both linear (i.e.level of sensorimotor/cognitive processing) and non-linear effects (i.e. time effects) Signal Example 1: 1 linear activation increase in LOC with increasing object visibility! Rose et al. (2005). Cerebral Cortex. object visibility

14 Parametric Designs Signal Example 2: Non-linear decrease of prefrontal activation over time during procedural learning! Combining parametric and factorial designs linear interaction non-linear interaction Signal 1-back 2-back Signal V1 STS object visibility visibility Rainer et al. (2001). Current Biology.

15 fmri Adaptation fmri adaptation priming = reduced BOLD response to primed stimuli (i.e. repeated presentation) Fusiform gyrus Henson et al. (2000) repetition suppression / fmri adaptation / priming

16 fmri Adaptation Priming as a tool increase in spatial resolution (hyperresolution( hyperresolution) example: orientation tuning for face stimuli monkey STS Neuronal activity tuning curve for this one neuron Viewing angle viewpoint selectivity in the human FFA?

17 fmri Adaptation Priming as a tool fmri voxel typically contain ten thousands of neurons FFA: mixture of neurons tuned to different orientations? Neuronal activity Tuning curves for three different neurons Viewing angle identical BOLD response to each orientation! Slide modified from Jody Culham

18 fmri Adaptation orientation tuning in the human FFA? same stimuli predicted BOLDresponses different Stimuli Slide modified from Jody Culham

19 fmri Adaptation orientation tuning in the human FFA? faces vs. objects fmri adaptation Grill-Spector & Malach (2001), Acta Psychol.

20 Control Condition Problem fmri = contrastive method for many designs, you need to include adequate control conditions Stark & Squire (2001) When zero is not zero... PNAS, 98(22), Rest = often substantial activation in many areas! reason: mental imagery / rehearsal / eye movements loss of sensitivity!

21 Control Condition Alternatives 1. high congruency with experimental conditions 2. additional possibilities: Stark & Squire (2001) When zero is not zero... PNAS, 98(22), decision depends on experimental hypotheses!

22 Trial timing Block Design Stimulus train Event-Related Design Stimulus train Hypothetical BOLD response Hypothetical BOLD response analysis of entire block, not of single stimuli large effects Optimal block length: ~16sec allows enough time for signal to oscillate fully not near artifact frequencies analysis of single stimuli smaller effects minimal SOA: ~2sec

23 Trial timing Advantages of event-related design randomised order avoids unwanted psychological effects e.g. habituation / expectancy effects, attentional decline

24 Trial timing Blocked Data Model O = Old Words N = New Words Randomised O1 O2 O3 N1 N2 N3 O1 N1 O2 O3 N2 Slide modified from Rik Henson

25 Trial timing Advantages of event-related design randomised order avoids unwanted psychological effects e.g. habituation / expectancy effects, attentional decline post-hoc/subjective classification of trials e.g. subsequent memory effect

26 Trial timing R = Words Later Remembered F = Words Later Forgotten Event-related ~4s R R F R F Data Model Slide modified from Rik Henson

27 Trial timing Advantages of event-related design randomised order avoids unwanted psychological effects e.g. habituation and expectancy effects, attentional decline post-hoc/subjective classification of trials e.g. subsequent memory effect some events can only be indicated by subject (in time) e.g. spontaneous perceptual changes

28 Trial timing Number of Perceptual Reversals Inter Reversal Time (s) Inter Reversal Time (s) Slide modified from Rik Henson

29 Trial timing Advantages of event-related design randomised order avoids unwanted psychological effects e.g. habituation and expectancy effects, attentional decline post-hoc/subjective classification of trials e.g. subsequent memory effect some events can only be indicated by subject (in time) e.g. spontaneous perceptual changes some trials cannot be blocked e.g. oddball paradigms

30 Trial timing Oddball Time Slide modified from Rik Henson

Experimental design. Alexa Morcom Edinburgh SPM course Thanks to Rik Henson, Thomas Wolbers, Jody Culham, and the SPM authors for slides

Experimental design. Alexa Morcom Edinburgh SPM course Thanks to Rik Henson, Thomas Wolbers, Jody Culham, and the SPM authors for slides Experimental design Alexa Morcom Edinburgh SPM course 2013 Thanks to Rik Henson, Thomas Wolbers, Jody Culham, and the SPM authors for slides Overview of SPM Image Image timeseries timeseries Design Design

More information

Experimental design for Cognitive fmri

Experimental design for Cognitive fmri Experimental design for Cognitive fmri Alexa Morcom Edinburgh SPM course 2017 Thanks to Rik Henson, Thomas Wolbers, Jody Culham, and the SPM authors for slides Overview Categorical designs Factorial designs

More information

Experimental design of fmri studies

Experimental design of fmri studies Experimental design of fmri studies Kerstin Preuschoff Computational Neuroscience Lab, EPFL LREN SPM Course Lausanne April 10, 2013 With many thanks for slides & images to: Rik Henson Christian Ruff Sandra

More information

Experimental Design. Outline. Outline. A very simple experiment. Activation for movement versus rest

Experimental Design. Outline. Outline. A very simple experiment. Activation for movement versus rest Experimental Design Kate Watkins Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford With thanks to: Heidi Johansen-Berg Joe Devlin Outline Choices for experimental paradigm Subtraction / hierarchical

More information

Impaired face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia is associated with abnormal response to individual faces in the right middle fusiform gyrus

Impaired face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia is associated with abnormal response to individual faces in the right middle fusiform gyrus Impaired face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia is associated with abnormal response to individual faces in the right middle fusiform gyrus Christine Schiltz Bettina Sorger Roberto Caldara Fatima

More information

fmri: What Does It Measure?

fmri: What Does It Measure? fmri: What Does It Measure? Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/02/2018: Lecture 02-1 Note: This Powerpoint presentation may contain macros that I wrote to help me create

More information

Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes

Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes Chapter 5: Perceiving Objects and Scenes The Puzzle of Object and Scene Perception The stimulus on the receptors is ambiguous. Inverse projection problem: An image on the retina can be caused by an infinite

More information

THE ENCODING OF PARTS AND WHOLES

THE ENCODING OF PARTS AND WHOLES THE ENCODING OF PARTS AND WHOLES IN THE VISUAL CORTICAL HIERARCHY JOHAN WAGEMANS LABORATORY OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN, BELGIUM DIPARTIMENTO DI PSICOLOGIA, UNIVERSITÀ DI MILANO-BICOCCA,

More information

Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal

Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal Brook's Image Scanning Experiment & Neuropsychological Evidence for Spatial Rehearsal Psychology 355: Cognitive Psychology Instructor: John Miyamoto 04/24/2018: Lecture 05-2 Note: This Powerpoint presentation

More information

Attention Response Functions: Characterizing Brain Areas Using fmri Activation during Parametric Variations of Attentional Load

Attention Response Functions: Characterizing Brain Areas Using fmri Activation during Parametric Variations of Attentional Load Attention Response Functions: Characterizing Brain Areas Using fmri Activation during Parametric Variations of Attentional Load Intro Examine attention response functions Compare an attention-demanding

More information

Prof. Greg Francis 7/31/15

Prof. Greg Francis 7/31/15 s PSY 200 Greg Francis Lecture 06 How do you recognize your grandmother? Action potential With enough excitatory input, a cell produces an action potential that sends a signal down its axon to other cells

More information

Hebbian Plasticity for Improving Perceptual Decisions

Hebbian Plasticity for Improving Perceptual Decisions Hebbian Plasticity for Improving Perceptual Decisions Tsung-Ren Huang Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University trhuang@ntu.edu.tw Abstract Shibata et al. reported that humans could learn to

More information

MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience

MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience MSc Neuroimaging for Clinical & Cognitive Neuroscience School of Psychological Sciences Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences Module Information *Please note that this is a sample guide to modules. The exact

More information

Rhythm and Rate: Perception and Physiology HST November Jennifer Melcher

Rhythm and Rate: Perception and Physiology HST November Jennifer Melcher Rhythm and Rate: Perception and Physiology HST 722 - November 27 Jennifer Melcher Forward suppression of unit activity in auditory cortex Brosch and Schreiner (1997) J Neurophysiol 77: 923-943. Forward

More information

Experimental Design I

Experimental Design I Experimental Design I Topics What questions can we ask (intelligently) in fmri Basic assumptions in isolating cognitive processes and comparing conditions General design strategies A few really cool experiments

More information

Experimental design. Experimental design. Experimental design. Guido van Wingen Department of Psychiatry Academic Medical Center

Experimental design. Experimental design. Experimental design. Guido van Wingen Department of Psychiatry Academic Medical Center Experimental design Guido van Wingen Department of Psychiatry Academic Medical Center guidovanwingen@gmail.com Experimental design Experimental design Image time-series Spatial filter Design matrix Statistical

More information

fmri adaptation: a tool for studying visual representations in the primate brain. Zoe Kourtzi 1, Kalanit Grill-Spector 2

fmri adaptation: a tool for studying visual representations in the primate brain. Zoe Kourtzi 1, Kalanit Grill-Spector 2 fmri adaptation: a tool for studying visual representations in the primate brain. Zoe Kourtzi 1, Kalanit Grill-Spector 2 1 Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, 2 Stanford University 1 x.1 Adaptation

More information

Title:Atypical language organization in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by a passive semantic paradigm

Title:Atypical language organization in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by a passive semantic paradigm Author's response to reviews Title:Atypical language organization in temporal lobe epilepsy revealed by a passive semantic paradigm Authors: Julia Miro (juliamirollado@gmail.com) Pablo Ripollès (pablo.ripolles.vidal@gmail.com)

More information

Neuroimaging. BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT. Human Brain Mapping

Neuroimaging. BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT. Human Brain Mapping 11/8/2013 Neuroimaging N i i BIE601 Advanced Biological Engineering Dr. Boonserm Kaewkamnerdpong Biological Engineering Program, KMUTT 2 Human Brain Mapping H Human m n brain br in m mapping ppin can nb

More information

Predicting Perceptual Performance From Neural Activity

Predicting Perceptual Performance From Neural Activity Predicting Perceptual Performance From Neural Activity Koel Das 2, Sheng Li 3, Barry Giesbrecht 1, 2, Zoe Kourtzi 4, Miguel P. Eckstein 1, 2 1 Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies 2 Department of

More information

EDGE DETECTION. Edge Detectors. ICS 280: Visual Perception

EDGE DETECTION. Edge Detectors. ICS 280: Visual Perception EDGE DETECTION Edge Detectors Slide 2 Convolution & Feature Detection Slide 3 Finds the slope First derivative Direction dependent Need many edge detectors for all orientation Second order derivatives

More information

P2 Visual - Perception

P2 Visual - Perception P2 Visual - Perception 2014 SOSE Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions gyula.kovacs@uni-jena.de 11/09/06 Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) The very basics What is fmri? What is MRI? The

More information

Reading Words and Non-Words: A Joint fmri and Eye-Tracking Study

Reading Words and Non-Words: A Joint fmri and Eye-Tracking Study Reading Words and Non-Words: A Joint fmri and Eye-Tracking Study A N N - M A R I E R A P H A I L S R E B C S, S K I D M O R E C O L L E G E D R. J O H N H E N D E R S O N U N I V E R S I T Y O F S O U

More information

Repetition Suppression Accompanying Behavioral Priming. in Macaque Inferotemporal Cortex. David B.T. McMahon* and Carl R. Olson

Repetition Suppression Accompanying Behavioral Priming. in Macaque Inferotemporal Cortex. David B.T. McMahon* and Carl R. Olson Repetition Suppression Accompanying Behavioral Priming in Macaque Inferotemporal Cortex David B.T. McMahon* and Carl R. Olson * To whom correspondence should be addressed: mcmahon@cnbc.cmu.edu Center for

More information

Neural Coding. Computing and the Brain. How Is Information Coded in Networks of Spiking Neurons?

Neural Coding. Computing and the Brain. How Is Information Coded in Networks of Spiking Neurons? Neural Coding Computing and the Brain How Is Information Coded in Networks of Spiking Neurons? Coding in spike (AP) sequences from individual neurons Coding in activity of a population of neurons Spring

More information

Resistance to forgetting associated with hippocampus-mediated. reactivation during new learning

Resistance to forgetting associated with hippocampus-mediated. reactivation during new learning Resistance to Forgetting 1 Resistance to forgetting associated with hippocampus-mediated reactivation during new learning Brice A. Kuhl, Arpeet T. Shah, Sarah DuBrow, & Anthony D. Wagner Resistance to

More information

The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1

The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan. Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1 The neurolinguistic toolbox Jonathan R. Brennan Introduction to Neurolinguistics, LSA2017 1 Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics Happy Hour!!! Tuesdays 7/11, 7/18, 7/25 5:30-6:30 PM @ the Boone Center

More information

Memory, Attention, and Decision-Making

Memory, Attention, and Decision-Making Memory, Attention, and Decision-Making A Unifying Computational Neuroscience Approach Edmund T. Rolls University of Oxford Department of Experimental Psychology Oxford England OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents

More information

Neuroimaging studies of priming

Neuroimaging studies of priming Progress in Neurobiology 70 (2003) 53 81 Neuroimaging studies of priming R.N.A. Henson a,b, a Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK b Wellcome Department of

More information

Outline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz

Outline. Biological Psychology: Research Methods. Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Biological Psychology: Research Methods Dr. Katherine Mickley Steinmetz Outline Neuroscience Methods Histology Electrophysiological Recordings Lesion Neuroimaging Neuroanatomy Histology: Brain structure

More information

The functional organization of the ventral visual pathway and its relationship to object recognition

The functional organization of the ventral visual pathway and its relationship to object recognition Kanwisher-08 9/16/03 9:27 AM Page 169 Chapter 8 The functional organization of the ventral visual pathway and its relationship to object recognition Kalanit Grill-Spector Abstract Humans recognize objects

More information

Visual Context Dan O Shea Prof. Fei Fei Li, COS 598B

Visual Context Dan O Shea Prof. Fei Fei Li, COS 598B Visual Context Dan O Shea Prof. Fei Fei Li, COS 598B Cortical Analysis of Visual Context Moshe Bar, Elissa Aminoff. 2003. Neuron, Volume 38, Issue 2, Pages 347 358. Visual objects in context Moshe Bar.

More information

The Timing of Perceptual Decisions for Ambiguous Face Stimuli in the Human Ventral Visual Cortex

The Timing of Perceptual Decisions for Ambiguous Face Stimuli in the Human Ventral Visual Cortex Cerebral Cortex March 2007;17:669-678 doi:10.1093/cercor/bhk015 Advance Access publication April 28, 2006 The Timing of Perceptual Decisions for Ambiguous Face Stimuli in the Human Ventral Visual Cortex

More information

Prediction of Successful Memory Encoding from fmri Data

Prediction of Successful Memory Encoding from fmri Data Prediction of Successful Memory Encoding from fmri Data S.K. Balci 1, M.R. Sabuncu 1, J. Yoo 2, S.S. Ghosh 3, S. Whitfield-Gabrieli 2, J.D.E. Gabrieli 2 and P. Golland 1 1 CSAIL, MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA

More information

Effects Of Attention And Perceptual Uncertainty On Cerebellar Activity During Visual Motion Perception

Effects Of Attention And Perceptual Uncertainty On Cerebellar Activity During Visual Motion Perception Effects Of Attention And Perceptual Uncertainty On Cerebellar Activity During Visual Motion Perception Oliver Baumann & Jason Mattingley Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland The Queensland

More information

Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience fmri results in context. Doug Schultz

Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience fmri results in context. Doug Schultz Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience fmri results in context Doug Schultz 3-2-2017 Overview In-depth look at some examples of fmri results Fusiform face area (Kanwisher et al., 1997) Subsequent memory

More information

Implicit Memory. R. N. A. Henson. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology

Implicit Memory. R. N. A. Henson. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Wellcome Department of Imaging Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology 1 PUBLISHED AS: Henson, R.N.A. (2004). Implicit memory. Human Brain Function, 2nd Edition. Frackowiak, Friston, Frith, Dolan & Price (Eds.), pp. 471-486. Elsevier, London. Implicit Memory R. N. A. Henson

More information

Fundamentals of Psychophysics

Fundamentals of Psychophysics Fundamentals of Psychophysics John Greenwood Department of Experimental Psychology!! NEUR3045! Contact: john.greenwood@ucl.ac.uk 1 Visual neuroscience physiology stimulus How do we see the world? neuroimaging

More information

Short Term and Working Memory

Short Term and Working Memory Short Term and Working Memory 793 Short Term and Working Memory B R Postle, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA T Pasternak, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA ã 29 Elsevier Ltd.

More information

Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function:

Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function: Neural Correlates of Human Cognitive Function: A Comparison of Electrophysiological and Other Neuroimaging Approaches Leun J. Otten Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience & Department of Psychology University

More information

ELSEVIER AUTHOR PROOF. Visual Priming 3.12 LEME 00130

ELSEVIER AUTHOR PROOF. Visual Priming 3.12 LEME 00130 a0005 3.2 Visual Priming K. Grill-Spector, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA ª 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 3.2. Introduction 3.2.2 Behavioral Aspects of Visual Priming 2 3.2.3 Neural Correlates

More information

Key questions about attention

Key questions about attention Key questions about attention How does attention affect behavioral performance? Can attention affect the appearance of things? How does spatial and feature-based attention affect neuronal responses in

More information

Summary. Multiple Body Representations 11/6/2016. Visual Processing of Bodies. The Body is:

Summary. Multiple Body Representations 11/6/2016. Visual Processing of Bodies. The Body is: Visual Processing of Bodies Corps et cognition: l'embodiment Corrado Corradi-Dell Acqua corrado.corradi@unige.ch Theory of Pain Laboratory Summary Visual Processing of Bodies Category-specificity in ventral

More information

Control of visuo-spatial attention. Emiliano Macaluso

Control of visuo-spatial attention. Emiliano Macaluso Control of visuo-spatial attention Emiliano Macaluso CB demo Attention Limited processing resources Overwhelming sensory input cannot be fully processed => SELECTIVE PROCESSING Selection via spatial orienting

More information

Introduction to Functional MRI

Introduction to Functional MRI Introduction to Functional MRI Douglas C. Noll Department of Biomedical Engineering Functional MRI Laboratory University of Michigan Outline Brief overview of physiology and physics of BOLD fmri Background

More information

COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE HOW TO STUDY MORE EFFECTIVELY (P 187-189) Elaborate Think about the meaning of the information that you are learning Relate to what you already know Associate: link information together Generate and test

More information

Impaired Face Discrimination in Acquired Prosopagnosia Is Associated with Abnormal Response to Individual Faces in the Right Middle Fusiform Gyrus

Impaired Face Discrimination in Acquired Prosopagnosia Is Associated with Abnormal Response to Individual Faces in the Right Middle Fusiform Gyrus Cerebral Cortex April 2006;16:574-586 doi:10.1093/cercor/bhj005 Advance Access publication July 20, 2005 Impaired Face Discrimination in Acquired Prosopagnosia Is Associated with Abnormal Response to Individual

More information

Journal of Neuroscience. For Peer Review Only

Journal of Neuroscience. For Peer Review Only The Journal of Neuroscience Discrimination Training Alters Object Representations in Human Extrastriate Cortex Journal: Manuscript ID: Manuscript Type: Manuscript Section: Date Submitted by the Author:

More information

Comparing event-related and epoch analysis in blocked design fmri

Comparing event-related and epoch analysis in blocked design fmri Available online at www.sciencedirect.com R NeuroImage 18 (2003) 806 810 www.elsevier.com/locate/ynimg Technical Note Comparing event-related and epoch analysis in blocked design fmri Andrea Mechelli,

More information

An Integrated Face Body Representation in the Fusiform Gyrus but Not the Lateral Occipital Cortex

An Integrated Face Body Representation in the Fusiform Gyrus but Not the Lateral Occipital Cortex An Integrated Face Body Representation in the Fusiform Gyrus but Not the Lateral Occipital Cortex Michal Bernstein, Jonathan Oron, Boaz Sadeh, and Galit Yovel Abstract Faces and bodies are processed by

More information

Introduction to Computational Neuroscience

Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Introduction to Computational Neuroscience Lecture 11: Attention & Decision making Lesson Title 1 Introduction 2 Structure and Function of the NS 3 Windows to the Brain 4 Data analysis 5 Data analysis

More information

Rajeev Raizada: Statement of research interests

Rajeev Raizada: Statement of research interests Rajeev Raizada: Statement of research interests Overall goal: explore how the structure of neural representations gives rise to behavioural abilities and disabilities There tends to be a split in the field

More information

Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory

Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory Types and Structure of Memory Types of Memory Type of Memory Time Course Capacity Conscious Awareness Mechanism of Loss Sensory Short-Term and Working Long-Term Nondeclarative

More information

Neural Modeling and Functional Brain Imaging: An Overview. Barry Horwitz Brain Imaging & Modeling Section NIDCD, NIH

Neural Modeling and Functional Brain Imaging: An Overview. Barry Horwitz Brain Imaging & Modeling Section NIDCD, NIH Neural Modeling and Functional Brain Imaging: An Overview Barry Horwitz Brain Imaging & Modeling Section NIDCD, NIH Methods to Understand Neural Basis of Human Cognition 1. Brain lesions & cognitive neuropsychology

More information

Multivariate Patterns in Object-Selective Cortex Dissociate Perceptual and Physical Shape Similarity

Multivariate Patterns in Object-Selective Cortex Dissociate Perceptual and Physical Shape Similarity Multivariate Patterns in Object-Selective Cortex Dissociate Perceptual and Physical Shape Similarity Johannes Haushofer 1,2*, Margaret S. Livingstone 1, Nancy Kanwisher 2 PLoS BIOLOGY 1 Department of Neurobiology,

More information

Morton-Style Factorial Coding of Color in Primary Visual Cortex

Morton-Style Factorial Coding of Color in Primary Visual Cortex Morton-Style Factorial Coding of Color in Primary Visual Cortex Javier R. Movellan Institute for Neural Computation University of California San Diego La Jolla, CA 92093-0515 movellan@inc.ucsd.edu Thomas

More information

Selective Attention. Inattentional blindness [demo] Cocktail party phenomenon William James definition

Selective Attention. Inattentional blindness [demo] Cocktail party phenomenon William James definition Selective Attention Inattentional blindness [demo] Cocktail party phenomenon William James definition Everyone knows what attention is. It is the taking possession of the mind, in clear and vivid form,

More information

FAILURES OF OBJECT RECOGNITION. Dr. Walter S. Marcantoni

FAILURES OF OBJECT RECOGNITION. Dr. Walter S. Marcantoni FAILURES OF OBJECT RECOGNITION Dr. Walter S. Marcantoni VISUAL AGNOSIA -damage to the extrastriate visual regions (occipital, parietal and temporal lobes) disrupts recognition of complex visual stimuli

More information

Verbal Working Memory. The left temporoparietal junction in verbal working memory: Storage or attention. Baddelely s Multiple-Component Model

Verbal Working Memory. The left temporoparietal junction in verbal working memory: Storage or attention. Baddelely s Multiple-Component Model Verbal Working Memory The left temporoparietal junction in verbal working memory: Storage or attention Susan Ravizza LTM vs WM Focusing on the storage component of WM Maintenance of words, pictures, goals

More information

Inverse problems in functional brain imaging Identification of the hemodynamic response in fmri

Inverse problems in functional brain imaging Identification of the hemodynamic response in fmri Inverse problems in functional brain imaging Identification of the hemodynamic response in fmri Ph. Ciuciu1,2 philippe.ciuciu@cea.fr 1: CEA/NeuroSpin/LNAO May 7, 2010 www.lnao.fr 2: IFR49 GDR -ISIS Spring

More information

Cognitive Modelling Themes in Neural Computation. Tom Hartley

Cognitive Modelling Themes in Neural Computation. Tom Hartley Cognitive Modelling Themes in Neural Computation Tom Hartley t.hartley@psychology.york.ac.uk Typical Model Neuron x i w ij x j =f(σw ij x j ) w jk x k McCulloch & Pitts (1943), Rosenblatt (1957) Net input:

More information

The Role of Working Memory in Visual Selective Attention

The Role of Working Memory in Visual Selective Attention Goldsmiths Research Online. The Authors. Originally published: Science vol.291 2 March 2001 1803-1806. http://www.sciencemag.org. 11 October 2000; accepted 17 January 2001 The Role of Working Memory in

More information

Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2

Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2 Name: ID # ID: A Psych 333, Winter 2008, Instructor Boynton, Exam 2 Multiple Choice (38 questions, 1 point each) Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

More information

Mathematical models of visual category learning enhance fmri data analysis

Mathematical models of visual category learning enhance fmri data analysis Mathematical models of visual category learning enhance fmri data analysis Emi M Nomura (e-nomura@northwestern.edu) Department of Psychology, 2029 Sheridan Road Evanston, IL 60201 USA W Todd Maddox (maddox@psy.utexas.edu)

More information

Selective Amplification of Stimulus Differences during Categorical Processing of Speech

Selective Amplification of Stimulus Differences during Categorical Processing of Speech Article during Categorical Processing of Speech Rajeev D.S. Raizada 1, * and Russell A. Poldrack 2 1 Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357988, Seattle, WA 98195,

More information

Lecturer: Rob van der Willigen 11/9/08

Lecturer: Rob van der Willigen 11/9/08 Auditory Perception - Detection versus Discrimination - Localization versus Discrimination - - Electrophysiological Measurements Psychophysical Measurements Three Approaches to Researching Audition physiology

More information

Working Memory: Critical Constructs and Some Current Issues. Outline. Starting Points. Starting Points

Working Memory: Critical Constructs and Some Current Issues. Outline. Starting Points. Starting Points Working Memory: Critical Constructs and Some Current Issues Edward E. Smith Columbia University Outline Background Maintenance: Modality specificity and buffers Interference resolution: Distraction and

More information

Define functional MRI. Briefly describe fmri image acquisition. Discuss relative functional neuroanatomy. Review clinical applications.

Define functional MRI. Briefly describe fmri image acquisition. Discuss relative functional neuroanatomy. Review clinical applications. Dr. Peter J. Fiester November 14, 2012 Define functional MRI. Briefly describe fmri image acquisition. Discuss relative functional neuroanatomy. Review clinical applications. Briefly discuss a few examples

More information

Lecturer: Rob van der Willigen 11/9/08

Lecturer: Rob van der Willigen 11/9/08 Auditory Perception - Detection versus Discrimination - Localization versus Discrimination - Electrophysiological Measurements - Psychophysical Measurements 1 Three Approaches to Researching Audition physiology

More information

Supplemental Material

Supplemental Material 1 Supplemental Material Golomb, J.D, and Kanwisher, N. (2012). Higher-level visual cortex represents retinotopic, not spatiotopic, object location. Cerebral Cortex. Contents: - Supplemental Figures S1-S3

More information

3/1/18. Overview of the Talk. Important Aspects of Neuroimaging Technology

3/1/18. Overview of the Talk. Important Aspects of Neuroimaging Technology 3/1/18 Considerations for the Use of Neuroimaging for Predicting Recovery of Speech and Language in Aphasia Linda I. Shuster, Ph.D., CCC-SLP Overview of the Talk Important aspects of neuroimaging technology

More information

Evidence for false memory before deletion in visual short-term memory

Evidence for false memory before deletion in visual short-term memory Evidence for false memory before deletion in visual short-term memory Eiichi Hoshino 1,2, Ken Mogi 2, 1 Tokyo Institute of Technology, Department of Computational Intelligence and Systems Science. 4259

More information

fmri and visual brain function

fmri and visual brain function fmri and visual brain function Dr Elaine Anderson (presented by Dr. Tessa Dekker) UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 28 th February 2017, NEUR3001 Brief history of brain imaging 1895 First human X-ray image

More information

Chapter 5. Summary and Conclusions! 131

Chapter 5. Summary and Conclusions! 131 ! Chapter 5 Summary and Conclusions! 131 Chapter 5!!!! Summary of the main findings The present thesis investigated the sensory representation of natural sounds in the human auditory cortex. Specifically,

More information

Selective bias in temporal bisection task by number exposition

Selective bias in temporal bisection task by number exposition Selective bias in temporal bisection task by number exposition Carmelo M. Vicario¹ ¹ Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università Roma la Sapienza, via dei Marsi 78, Roma, Italy Key words: number- time- spatial

More information

Object recognition and hierarchical computation

Object recognition and hierarchical computation Object recognition and hierarchical computation Challenges in object recognition. Fukushima s Neocognitron View-based representations of objects Poggio s HMAX Forward and Feedback in visual hierarchy Hierarchical

More information

Functional-Anatomic Correlates of Individual Differences in Memory

Functional-Anatomic Correlates of Individual Differences in Memory Neuron 51, 263 274, July 20, 2006 ª2006 Elsevier Inc. DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.06.006 Functional-Anatomic Correlates of Individual Differences in Memory Brenda A. Kirchhoff 1, * and Randy L. Buckner 1,2,3,4

More information

Spontaneous Cortical Activity Reveals Hallmarks of an Optimal Internal Model of the Environment. Berkes, Orban, Lengyel, Fiser.

Spontaneous Cortical Activity Reveals Hallmarks of an Optimal Internal Model of the Environment. Berkes, Orban, Lengyel, Fiser. Statistically optimal perception and learning: from behavior to neural representations. Fiser, Berkes, Orban & Lengyel Trends in Cognitive Sciences (2010) Spontaneous Cortical Activity Reveals Hallmarks

More information

fmri and visual brain function Dr. Tessa Dekker UCL Institute of Ophthalmology

fmri and visual brain function Dr. Tessa Dekker UCL Institute of Ophthalmology fmri and visual brain function Dr. Tessa Dekker UCL Institute of Ophthalmology 6 th February 2018 Brief history of brain imaging 1895 First human X-ray image 1950 First human PET scan - uses traces of

More information

Design Optimization. SBIRC/SINAPSE University of Edinburgh

Design Optimization. SBIRC/SINAPSE University of Edinburgh Design Optimization Cyril Pernet,, PhD SBIRC/SINAPSE University of Edinburgh fmri designs: overview Introduction: fmri noise fmri design types: blocked designs event-related designs mixed design adaptation

More information

Table 1. Summary of PET and fmri Methods. What is imaged PET fmri BOLD (T2*) Regional brain activation. Blood flow ( 15 O) Arterial spin tagging (AST)

Table 1. Summary of PET and fmri Methods. What is imaged PET fmri BOLD (T2*) Regional brain activation. Blood flow ( 15 O) Arterial spin tagging (AST) Table 1 Summary of PET and fmri Methods What is imaged PET fmri Brain structure Regional brain activation Anatomical connectivity Receptor binding and regional chemical distribution Blood flow ( 15 O)

More information

Psychology Midterm Exam October 20, 2010 Answer Sheet Version A. 1. a b c d e 13. a b c d e. 2. a b c d e 14. a b c d e

Psychology Midterm Exam October 20, 2010 Answer Sheet Version A. 1. a b c d e 13. a b c d e. 2. a b c d e 14. a b c d e 1 7 Psychology 3450 - Midterm Exam October 20, 2010 Answer Sheet Version A Name: MUN ID: Indicate your answer by crossing out the appropriate letter. Answer 20 questions only. 1. a b c d e 13. a b c d

More information

Supplementary Note Psychophysics:

Supplementary Note Psychophysics: Supplementary Note More detailed description of MM s subjective experiences can be found on Mike May s Perceptions Home Page, http://www.senderogroup.com/perception.htm Psychophysics: The spatial CSF was

More information

Experimental Design!

Experimental Design! Experimental Design! Variables!! Independent Variables: variables hypothesized by the experimenter to cause changes in the measured variables.!! Conditions: Different values of the independent variables!!

More information

Cognitive Neuroscience Cortical Hemispheres Attention Language

Cognitive Neuroscience Cortical Hemispheres Attention Language Cognitive Neuroscience Cortical Hemispheres Attention Language Based on: Chapter 18 and 19, Breedlove, Watson, Rosenzweig, 6e/7e. Cerebral Cortex Brain s most complex area with billions of neurons and

More information

Modeling the Deployment of Spatial Attention

Modeling the Deployment of Spatial Attention 17 Chapter 3 Modeling the Deployment of Spatial Attention 3.1 Introduction When looking at a complex scene, our visual system is confronted with a large amount of visual information that needs to be broken

More information

Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions. Visual awareness

Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions. Visual awareness Neuroimaging of high-level visual functions Visual awareness Phylosphy of mind Art AI Normal and abnormal states Coma Drugs Hypnosis Religion Cosciousness 2 Unconscious processes Normal and abnormal contents

More information

The neural systems that mediate human perceptual decision making

The neural systems that mediate human perceptual decision making The neural systems that mediate human perceptual decision making Hauke R. Heekeren*, Sean Marrett and Leslie G. Ungerleider Abstract Perceptual decision making is the act of choosing one option or course

More information

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)

Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) What happens beyond the retina? What happens in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN)- 90% flow Visual cortex Information Flow Superior colliculus 10% flow Slide 2 Information

More information

Perceptual Fluency Affects Categorization Decisions

Perceptual Fluency Affects Categorization Decisions Perceptual Fluency Affects Categorization Decisions Sarah J. Miles (smiles25@uwo.ca) and John Paul Minda (jpminda@uwo.ca) Department of Psychology The University of Western Ontario London, ON N6A 5C2 Abstract

More information

From feedforward vision to natural vision: The impact of free viewing and clutter on monkey inferior temporal object representations

From feedforward vision to natural vision: The impact of free viewing and clutter on monkey inferior temporal object representations From feedforward vision to natural vision: The impact of free viewing and clutter on monkey inferior temporal object representations James DiCarlo The McGovern Institute for Brain Research Department of

More information

Memory Processes in Perceptual Decision Making

Memory Processes in Perceptual Decision Making Memory Processes in Perceptual Decision Making Manish Saggar (mishu@cs.utexas.edu), Risto Miikkulainen (risto@cs.utexas.edu), Department of Computer Science, University of Texas at Austin, TX, 78712 USA

More information

The roles of face and non-face areas during individual face perception: Evidence by fmri adaptation in a brain-damaged prosopagnosic patient

The roles of face and non-face areas during individual face perception: Evidence by fmri adaptation in a brain-damaged prosopagnosic patient www.elsevier.com/locate/ynimg NeuroImage 40 (2008) 318 332 The roles of face and non-face areas during individual face perception: Evidence by fmri adaptation in a brain-damaged prosopagnosic patient Laurence

More information

How do individuals with congenital blindness form a conscious representation of a world they have never seen? brain. deprived of sight?

How do individuals with congenital blindness form a conscious representation of a world they have never seen? brain. deprived of sight? How do individuals with congenital blindness form a conscious representation of a world they have never seen? What happens to visual-devoted brain structure in individuals who are born deprived of sight?

More information

ArteSImit: Artefact Structural Learning through Imitation

ArteSImit: Artefact Structural Learning through Imitation ArteSImit: Artefact Structural Learning through Imitation (TU München, U Parma, U Tübingen, U Minho, KU Nijmegen) Goals Methodology Intermediate goals achieved so far Motivation Living artefacts will critically

More information

An Introduction to Translational Neuroscience Approaches to Investigating Autism

An Introduction to Translational Neuroscience Approaches to Investigating Autism An Introduction to Translational Neuroscience Approaches to Investigating Autism Gabriel S. Dichter, PhD Departments of Psychiatry & Psychology, UNC-Chapel Hill Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities

More information

The Neural Fate of Task-Irrelevant Features in Object-Based Processing

The Neural Fate of Task-Irrelevant Features in Object-Based Processing 14020 The Journal of Neuroscience, October 20, 2010 30(42):14020 14028 Behavioral/Systems/Cognitive The Neural Fate of Task-Irrelevant Features in Object-Based Processing Yaoda Xu Department of Psychology,

More information

A System for Measuring the Neural Correlates of Baseball Pitch Recognition and Its Potential Use in Scouting and Player Development

A System for Measuring the Neural Correlates of Baseball Pitch Recognition and Its Potential Use in Scouting and Player Development A System for Measuring the Neural Correlates of Baseball Pitch Recognition and Its Potential Use in Scouting and Player Development Jordan Muraskin, Jason Sherwin, Paul Sajda Columbia University, New York,

More information

FINAL PROGRESS REPORT

FINAL PROGRESS REPORT (1) Foreword (optional) (2) Table of Contents (if report is more than 10 pages) (3) List of Appendixes, Illustrations and Tables (if applicable) (4) Statement of the problem studied FINAL PROGRESS REPORT

More information

Dynamic representations and generative models of brain function

Dynamic representations and generative models of brain function Brain Research Bulletin, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp. 275 285, 2001 Copyright 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. Printed in the USA. All rights reserved 0361-9230/01/$ see front matter PII S0361-9230(00)00436-6 Dynamic

More information