Contents 1 The Dialectics of Psychotherapy: Philosophical and Empirical Debates

Transcription

1 Contents 1 The Dialectics of Psychotherapy: Philosophical and Empirical Debates... 1 Dialectical Tensions in Psychotherapy: Philosophical Assumptions... 3 Scientific Modernism... 5 Phenomenology... 7 General Systems Theory... 8 Postmodern Criticism and Philosophy Dialectical Tensions in Psychotherapy Integration Integrative Dialectics Eclectic Dialectics The Dialectics of Common vs. Specific Factors The Dialectics of Intervention Levels: Microcontext to Macrocontext Level of Intervention The Dialectics of Psychotherapy Research The Dialectics of Clinical vs. Statistical Significance Dialectics of Outcome vs. Process Research The Dialectics of Treatment-Focused vs. Patient-Focused Research Integrative Implications Chapter One: Main Points Further Reading Transtheoretical Approaches: Treatment Planning and the Initial Interview The Dialectics of Transtheoretical Treatment Planning The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) Systematic Treatment Selection Integrating the Transtheoretical Model and Systematic Treatment Selection Common Factors in Treatment Planning Patient-Focused Research Planning and Assessment in Clinical Care: The PACC Approach xi

2 xii Contents Dialectical Tensions Between Client and Therapist During the Initial Interview Gathering Information While Establishing a Collaborative Relationship Case Illustration: Integrative Transtheoretical Treatment Planning Integrative Implications Case Conceptualization with an Integrative Transtheoretical Approach Stages of Change and Client Variables From Macro to Microcontexts Chapter Two: Main Points Further Reading Biomedical Approaches to Treatment Dialectics of the Medical and Psychosocial Models The Diathesis-Stress Dialectic Psychosomatic Illness vs. Medical Illness with Psychological Symptoms Psychopharmacology: A Conceptual Framework Neurons and Synaptic Transmission Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics Neurotransmitters Pharmacotherapy Antidepressants Antipsychotic Drugs Analgesics Anxiolytics Pharmacotherapy with the Elderly and with Children Geriatric Psychopharmacology Pediatric Psychopharmacology Substance Abuse Integrative Implications Integrative Therapy for Schizophrenia Case Illustration Chapter Three: Main Points Further Reading Behavioral Interventions Conceptual Framework Exposure-Based Behavior Therapies Systematic Desensitization (Reciprocal Inhibition) Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Flooding and Implosive Therapies Acceptance or Mindfulness-Based Interventions Case Illustration: Exposure Techniques

3 Contents xiii Operant-Based Behavior Modification Applied Behavioral Analysis Behavioral Activation Case Illustration: Behavioral Activation (Adapted from Jacobson et al., 2001) Cognitive Behavior Modification Approaches Psychoeducation and Social Skills Training Social Learning Programs (SLPs) Assertiveness Training Thought-Stopping Problem-Solving Self-Instructional Training Stress Inoculation Lazarus BASIC-ID Multimodal Therapy Integrative Implications Chapter Four: Main Points Further Reading Videos Cognitive Approaches Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy Conceptual Framework Intervention Techniques Cognitive Therapy Conceptual Framework Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions Case Formulation in Cognitive Therapy Case Illustration Schema Therapy Conceptual Framework Intervention in Schema Therapy Case Illustration: Schema Therapy (Summarized from Young et al., 2003, pp ) Integrative Implications Chapter Five: Main Points Further Reading Websites Videos Psychoanalytic Approaches Psychoanalysis Freud s Instinctual Drive Theory Structural Theory Psychosexual Developmental Stage Theory and Psychopathology Psychoanalytic Treatment

4 xiv Contents Ego Analytic Theory Anna Freud Erik Erikson The Conflict-Free Sphere of Ego Function: Hartmann, Mahler, and White Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Brief Psychodynamic Intervention and Treatment Planning Case Illustration: Core Conflictual Relationship Theme Method Integrative Implications Chapter Six: Main Points Further Reading Videotape Psychodynamic Approaches: Object Relations and Self Theory Object Relations Theory Conceptual Framework Self Theory Diagnosis and Treatment Planning in Psychodynamic Psychotherapy Treatment Planning Psychodynamic Intervention Issues Case Illustration: Psychodynamic Therapy (Summarized from McWilliams, 2004, pp ) Integrating Psychodynamic and Behavioral Therapy Conceptual Framework: Cyclical Psychodynamics Case Illustration (Summarized from Wachtel et al., 2005, pp ) Integrative Implications Attachment Research Patterns of Attachment Attachment and Problems in Living Chapter Seven: Main Points Further Reading Videos Humanism: Experiential Approaches Dialectic Tensions in Gestalt Therapy Perls Classical Gestalt Approach: Conceptual Framework Perls Theory of Psychopathology Perls Approach to Therapeutic Intervention A Contemporary Relational Gestalt Approach (Erving Polster) Conceptual Framework: Community of Selves Intervention in Relational Gestalt Psychotherapy Emotionally Focused Therapy: Bridging the Researcher-Practitioner Gap Conceptual Framework: Emotionally Focused Therapy

5 Contents xv Emotion Theory Intervention in Emotionally Focused Therapy Continuous Case Formulation with Task Markers and EFT Interventions Case Illustration (Continuation with Tracey) Reprocessing Problematic Experiences: Chair Work and Meaning Creation Case Illustration (Conclusion with Tracey) Integrative Implications Chapter Eight: Main Points Further Reading Videos Humanism: Phenomenological Approaches Existential Therapy Conceptual Framework Intervention in Existential Approaches Case Illustration Carl Rogers Client Centered Therapy Conceptual Framework Pretherapy Motivational Interviewing (MI) Conceptual Framework Client and Therapist Activities Integrative Implications Chapter Nine: Main Points Further Reading Videos Websites Psychotherapy and Social Context Individual Psychology Intentionality Individual Psychology s Conceptual Framework Intervention Approach Case Illustration Interpersonal Theory: Harry Stack Sullivan Conceptual Framework Communication Analysis: Social Reinforcement of Unconscious Processes Conceptual Framework Intervention Approach Case Illustration Integrative Implications Self-Regulation and General Systems Theory Intentionality and Interpersonal Relations as Integrative Concepts

6 xvi Contents Chapter Ten: Main Points Further Reading Website Videos Contemporary Interpersonal Approaches Communication Theory: Process vs. Content Interpersonal Process in Therapy Conceptual Framework Interpersonal Process Intervention Principles Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy Case Formulation in Interpersonal Reconstructive Therapy Structural Analysis of Social Behavior Therapeutic Intervention Case Illustration (Summarized from Benjamin, 2006, pp. 2, 17 20) Interpersonal Therapy Conceptual Framework Intervention Techniques Case Illustration (Summarized from Crowe and Luty, 2005) Integrative Implications Chapter Eleven: Main Points Further Reading Video Family Systems and Couples Approaches Systems Approaches to Family Therapy Cybernetics and Family Systems Theory Strategic Family Therapy Multigenerational Approaches Structural Therapy Experiential Therapy with Couples and Families Attachment-Based Family Therapy Postmodern Family Approaches Narrative Therapy Solution-Focused Therapy Other Approaches Object Relations Family Therapy Cognitive-Behavioral Couples and Family Therapy Integrative Implications Chapter Twelve: Main Points Further Reading Videos Websites

7 Contents xvii 13 Ecosystemic Issues and Approaches Privileged and Oppressive Ecosystems Feminism and Multiculturalism Minorities and Oppression in the United States Ecosystemic Interventions Family Networking Multisystemic Therapy Community Mental Health Power, Symptoms, and Ethics Integrative Implications Chapter Thirteen: Main Points Further Reading Videos Websites Postmodernism and Integrative Therapies Constructivism in Therapy Intersubjective Approaches Cognitive-Experiential-Interpersonal Negotiation of Alliance Ruptures Integrative Postmodernism: Functional Contextualism Dialectical Behavior Therapy Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Integrative Implications Chapter Fourteen: Main Points Further Reading Video Websites Epigenetic Systems: A Meta-Integrative Model of Human Functioning and Therapy An Epigenetic Systems Model of Human Development and Functioning Motivation: Interpersonal Needs and Self-Determination Theory Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (CEST) and Personal-Agentic Processes Developmental Stages and Tasks Problems in Living Case Illustration: Epigenetic Case Conceptualization Epigenetic Systems and Treatment Planning Intervention Principles Epigenetic Treatment Planning and Intervention Case Illustration: Epigenetic Treatment Planning

8 xviii Contents Integrative Conclusions Chapter Fifteen: Main Points Further Reading Appendices Appendix A: Initial Interview & Treatment Planning Tools Appendix B: Therapeutic Intervention Tools Bibliography Author Index Subject Index

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